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Navegação IPEN por Agências de fomento "International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)"

Navegação IPEN por Agências de fomento "International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)"

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  • IPEN-DOC 29269

    NAKASHIMA, LAURA N. ; KODAMA, YASKO . Estudo da variação dos parâmetros e condições de enxertia polimérica em filmes de polietileno, utilizando radiação ionizante, para aplicações em células a combustível. In: PROGRAMA INSTITUCIONAL DE BOLSAS DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA; SEMINÁRIO ANUAL PIBIC, 28.; SEMINÁRIO ANUAL PROBIC, 19.; SEMINÁRIO ANUAL PIBITI, 12., 7-8 de dezembro, 2022, Online. Resumo expandido... São Paulo, SP: IPEN-CNEN/SP, 2022. p. 119-120.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29979

    NAKASHIMA, LAURA N. ; KODAMA, YASKO . Estudo da variação dos parâmetros e condições de enxertia polimérica em filmes de polietileno, utilizando radiação ionizante, para aplicações em células a combustível. In: PROGRAMA INSTITUCIONAL DE BOLSAS DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA; SEMINÁRIO ANUAL PIBIC, 29.; SEMINÁRIO ANUAL PROBIC, 20.; SEMINÁRIO ANUAL PIBITI, 13., 23-24 de novembro, 2023, São Paulo, SP. Resumo expandido... São Paulo, SP: IPEN-CNEN/SP, 2023.

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  • IPEN-DOC 27861

    TAPPIZ, BRUNO ; MOREIRA, EDSON G. . Expanded uncertainty assessment in fish samples analyzed by INAA and AAS. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-14, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1314

    Abstract: Measurement uncertainty was estimated following the EURACHEM guide (Quantifying Uncertainty in Analytical Measurement) for the elements As, Br, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Se and Zn determined by In-strumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and for the elements Cd, Hg and Pb determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) in the fillet of the most consumed fish species at São Paulo city, Brazil. INAA expanded uncertainties ranged from 1.0 to 21% and the main contributions were due the counting statistics of sample and pipetted standards. For AAS, expanded uncertainties ranged from 6.5 to 13% and the main contri-butions were associated to the calibration curves. Uncertainty results were compared with the standard devia-tions of the mass fraction in the fishes (n = 10). Due to the wide variability in the mass fraction in the analyzed fish tissues, explained by factors such gender, age, fat content and fishing location of the specimens of each spe-cies, standard deviations were greater than expanded uncertainties, which means that the natural variability of the elements determined is greater than the data dispersion associated with the analytical techniques. Hence the used techniques were adequate for the fish fillet samples analyses.

    Palavras-Chave: absorption spectroscopy; data covariances; evaluation; fishes; neutron activation analysis; toxicity

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  • IPEN-DOC 29839

    ESQUIVEL-HERNANDEZ, GERMAIN; SANCHEZ-MURILLO, RICARDO; VILLALOBOS-CORDOBA, DIEGO; MONTEIRO, LUCILENA R. ; VILLALOBOS-FORBES, MARIO; SANCHEZ-GUTIERREZ, ROLANDO; COTRIM, MARYCEL E.B. ; MATIATOS, IOANNIS. Exploring the acid neutralizing effect in rainwater collected at a tropical urban area: Central Valley, Costa Rica. Atmospheric Pollution Research, v. 14, n. 9, p. 1-12, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2023.101845

    Abstract: We report on the chemical and the carbon isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of rainwater collected between May and October 2020 in the Central Valley, Costa Rica. Precipitation samples were collected daily (N = 55) and analyzed for major ions, DIC, and δ13CDIC. Significant correlation (p < 0.05) between main acidic (SO4 2− and NO3 − ) and major alkaline (Ca2+ and NH4 +) species confirmed a very effective acid neutralization effect in rainwater (average pH: 5.90 ± 0.74). Significant temporal variations (p < 0.05) of δ13CDIC indicated the contribution of carbonate salts in rainwater from May to October but also CO2 dissolution at the beginning of the wet season (May), probably due to increased CO2 emissions from soil degassing. Temporal changes of Ca2+ neutralization factors followed the observed changes in δ13CDIC, which confirmed the high buffer capacity of precipitation in our study. HYSPLIT analysis also revealed long-range contributions of pedogenetic carbonates (e. g., Saharan dust) responsible for the acid neutralization capacity of rainwater (e.g., from July to September). Principal component analysis showed that four main factors explain 65% of the variance are: i) acid neutralization processes (Ca2+ neutralization factor), ii) marine salts (Cl− , Na+), iii) fossil fuels (SO4 2− , NO3 − ), and iv) agriculture/fertilizers (NO3 − , NH4 +, K+). Our study demonstrated that a combined approach of chemical, isotope, and statistical analysis techniques can help unravel the mechanism of acid neutralization of rainwater in tropical urban areas. This information has strong implications for future studies related with the impact of acid deposition on ecosystem functioning, water quality, and infrastructure degradation.

    Palavras-Chave: urban areas; rain water; chemical composition; carbon isotopes; stable isotopes; tropical regions; inorganic compounds

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  • IPEN-DOC 28856

    JALILIAN, AMIR R.; OCAMPO-GARCIA, BLANCA; PASANPHAN, WANVIMOL; SAKR, TAMER M.; MELENDEZ-ALAFORT, LAURA; GRASSELLI, MARIANO; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. ; YOUSEFNIA, HASSAN; DISPENZA, CLELIA; JANIB, SITI M.; KHAN, IRFAN U.; MAURIN, MICHAŁ; ULANSKI, PIOTR; LOO, SAY C.J.; SAFRANY, AGNES; OSSO JUNIOR, JOAO A.; DUATTI, ADRIANO; KATTI, KATTESH V.. IAEA contribution to nanosized targeted radiopharmaceuticals for drug delivery. Pharmaceutics, v. 14, n. 5, p. 1-26, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051060

    Abstract: The rapidly growing interest in the application of nanoscience in the future design of radiopharmaceuticals and the development of nanosized radiopharmaceuticals in the late 2000′s, resulted in the creation of a Coordinated Research Project (CRP) by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 2014. This CRP entitled ‘Nanosized delivery systems for radiopharmaceuticals’ involved a team of expert scientist from various member states. This team of scientists worked on a number of cutting-edge areas of nanoscience with a focus on developing well-defined, highly effective and site-specific delivery systems of radiopharmaceuticals. Specifically, focus areas of various teams of scientists comprised of the development of nanoparticles (NPs) based on metals, polymers, and gels, and their conjugation/encapsulation or decoration with various tumor avid ligands such as peptides, folates, and small molecule phytochemicals. The research and development efforts also comprised of developing optimum radiolabeling methods of various nano vectors using diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides including Tc-99m, Ga-68, Lu-177 and Au-198. Concerted efforts of teams of scientists within this CRP has resulted in the development of various protocols and guidelines on delivery systems of nanoradiopharmaceuticals, training of numerous graduate students/post-doctoral fellows and publications in peer reviewed journals while establishing numerous productive scientific networks in various participating member states. Some of the innovative nanoconstructs were chosen for further preclinical applications—all aimed at ultimate clinical translation for treating human cancer patients. This review article summarizes outcomes of this major international scientific endeavor.

    Palavras-Chave: nanoparticles; drug delivery; radiopharmaceuticals; polymers; radioisotopes; theranostics

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  • IPEN-DOC 29024

    PASSOS, RICARDO G.; MATIATOS, IOANNIS; MONTEIRO, LUCILENA R. ; ALMEIDA, RAFAEL S.S.P.; LOPES, NILVA P.; CARVALHO FILHO, CARLOS A.; COTA, STELA D.S.. Imprints of anthropogenic air pollution sources on nitrate isotopes in precipitation in a tropical metropolitan area. Atmospheric Environment, v. 288, p. 1-14, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119300

    Abstract: Identifying the origin of NOx emissions, their transformation into nitrate (NO3−) and its atmospheric deposition is important to better understand the impacts of air pollution on the environment and human health, on a local and regional scale. We measured nitrate isotopes (δ15N, δ18O of NO3−) in precipitation samples in a tropical station in Brazil in 2019–2020 and combined them with chemical, geospatial and meteorological data to trace NOx sources towards their wet deposition as NO3−. A total wet N deposition of ∼12 kg N/ha.year showed significant N air pollution, out of which the relative contribution of NO3−-N was ∼37% (4.6 kg NO3−-N/ha.year). The δ15N–NO3- values in precipitation ranged from −8.5 to +4.1‰, with a volume-weighted mean (VWM) value of −3.0 ± 2.7‰, whereas the δ18O–NO3- values ranged from +25.9 to +63.5‰ with a VWM value of +53.3 ± 7.3‰. The δ15N–NO3- results combined with air mass backward trajectory analysis and geospatial mapping revealed that the NOx emissions in Belo Horizonte originated from: vehicles and industries from the urban and industrialized areas, biomass burning related to wildfires, and ship emissions from the coastal areas. The temporal variation of δ15N, δ18O of NO3− values was attributed to NOx source variability and transformation processes. The use of integrated methods to evaluate the imprints of anthropogenic air pollution sources in Brazil will contribute to inform NOx source management strategies and improve air and water quality.

    Palavras-Chave: stable isotopes; washout; nitrogen oxides; geographic information systems; air pollution; pollution sources

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  • IPEN-DOC 27626

    SANTOS, BIANCA S. ; INACIO, ANDRE L.N. ; BARTOLOMEI, SUELLEN S. ; SILVA, TAISE B.S. ; CARMO, KARINA L.S. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Influence of the reduced graphene oxide incorporation on properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 599-607, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_59

    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of incorporation of the reduced graphene oxide on properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The incorporation of 0.5 and 1.5 wt% of RGO into ABS matrix was carried out by melting extrusion process using a twin-screw extruder and injection molding machine. The properties of ABS/RGO nanocomposite samples were investigated by tensile and impact Izod tests, FE-SEM, and XRD analysis. The results showed that the incorporation of small amount of RGO into ABS matrix led to obtaining of polymeric nanocomposite with superior mechanical properties when compared with original properties of ABS matrix.

    Palavras-Chave: graphene; oxides; acrylonitrile; butadiene; styrene; mechanical tests

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  • IPEN-DOC 29712

    SILVA, THALITA T. ; JACINAVICIUS, FERNANDA R.; PINTO, ERNANI; BORRELY, SUELI I. . Intracellular microcystins degradation and acute toxicity decrease towards Daphnia similis by low electron-beam irradiation doses. Algal Research, v. 72, p. 1-7, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103086

    Abstract: Ionizing radiation has attracted attention due to its ability to inhibit pathogens and microorganisms, with low doses reported as being able to degrade cyanotoxins and inhibit toxic cyanobacteria growth. In this context, the aim of the present study was to investigate how electron beam irradiation (EBI) applied at doses between 1 and 10 kGy affect intracellular and extracellular microcystin variants. Effects on M. aeruginosa culture recovery, as well as changes in physico-chemical cyanobacterial suspension parameters and water quality alterations were assessed through ecotoxicity assays. The findings indicate that doses over 2 kGy may are lethal to M. aeruginosa even at 48 h post-irradiation. Concerning physico-chemical parameters, exposure to 2–5 kGy doses decrease pH values and later stabilizing. At least 50 % of intracellular MC led to significant degradation of all variants at 3 kGy. No acute toxicity effects were observed in Daphnia similis exposed to sample supernatants. Statistically significant differences were observed when cladocerans were exposed to M. aeruginosa cells treated with EBI doses ranging from 3 to 10 kGy compared to non-treated cyanobacterial suspensions. These findings suggest that low EBI radiation doses are suitable for the control of toxic cyanobacteria in water treatment processes, providing a less toxic environment compared to non-treated solutions.

    Palavras-Chave: daphnia; toxicity; cyanobacteria; electron beams; irradiation; ionizing radiations; oxidation

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  • IPEN-DOC 27628

    BARTOLOMEI, MARCIO R.X. ; CARMO, KARINA H.S. ; SANTOS, BIANCA S. ; BARTOLOMEI, SUELLEN S. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Investigation on mechanical and thermal behaviours of PBAT/PLA blend reinforced with reduced graphene oxide nanosheets. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 631-639, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_62

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to process and investigate the changes in the mechanical and morphological properties of the biodegradable nanocomposites based on polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blend (PBAT/PLA blend) due to the incorporation of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets. The biodegradable polymeric nanocomposites were prepared by melting extrusion process using a twin-screw extruder machine. The influence of the RGO nanosheets incorporation on mechanical and thermal properties of PBAT/PLA blend was investigated by tensile Thermogravimetric (TG), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile test analysis. Results showed that incorporation of the small amount ofRGO(0.1wt.%) ofRGOnanosheets in the blend matrix of PBAT/PLA resulted in an important gain of mechanical properties of the blend. This result indicates that a very small amount of RGO nanosheets addition in the PBAT/PLA can lead to obtaining materials with superior properties suitable for several industrial applications.

    Palavras-Chave: polymers; graphene; oxides; biodegradation; mechanical tests

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  • IPEN-DOC 26156

    TAPPIZ, BRUNO ; MOREIRA, EDSON G. . Measurement uncertainty evaluation in fish samples analyzed by INAA and AAS. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 21-25, 2019, Santos, SP. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2019. p. 521-528.

    Abstract: Measurement uncertainty was estimated following the EURACHEM guide (Quantifying Uncertainty in Analytical Measurement) for the elements As, Br, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Se and Zn determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and for the elements Cd, Hg and Pb determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) in the fillet of the most consumed fish species at São Paulo city, Brazil. INAA expanded uncertainties ranged from 1.0 to 21% and the main contributions were due the counting statistics of sample and pipetted standards. For AAS, expanded uncertainties ranged from 6.5 to 13% and the main contributions were associated to the calibration curves. Uncertainty results were compared with the standard deviations of the mass fraction in the fishes (n = 10). Due to the wide variability in the mass fraction in the analyzed fish tissues, explained by factors such gender, age, fat content and fishing location of the specimens of each specie, standard deviations were greater than expanded uncertainties, which means that the natural variability of the elements determined is greater than the data dispersion associate

    Palavras-Chave: absorption spectroscopy; brazil; data covariances; elements; evaluation; fishes; neutron activation analysis; toxicity

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  • IPEN-DOC 27629

    TAMURA, CAROLINE S. ; ARANTES, MARIANA ; CARMO, KARINA H.S. ; SANTOS, BIANCA S. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Mechanical and morphological properties of hybrid composites based on recycled LDPE/EVA blend reinforced with clay and babassu fiber residues. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 661-669, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_65

    Abstract: Over the years the consumption of plastic products made of conventional polymers has produced a large amount of waste which has led to disposal problems worldwide. Among the alternatives to minimize these problems are reuse and recycling practices. Then, the recycling of plastic and the use of recycled materials to produce new materials reinforced with nanoparticles from natural resources can be an alternative to reduce inappropriate waste disposal. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of the addition of clay and non-treated babassu fiber residues on the mechanical and morphological properties of composite based on recycled LDPE/EVA blend. Composite materials containing 1–3 wt% of babassu residues and 1 wt% of clay were prepared using a twin-screw extruder machine and flat die single extrusion process, in order to prepare hybrid composites sheets. The sheets prepared by recycled LDPE/EVA blend and its composites were characterized by tensile tests, XRD, and FE-SEM analysis and the correlation between properties was discussed.

    Palavras-Chave: mixers; recycling; polymers; films; fibers; composite materials; hybridization

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  • IPEN-DOC 28151

    SOWINSKI, SEBASTIAN; VARCA, GUSTAVO H.C. ; KADLUBOWSKI, SLAWOMIR; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. ; ULANSKI, PIOTR. A mechanistic approach towards the formation of bityrosine in proteins by ionizing radiation: GYG model peptide. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v. 188, p. 1-8, 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109644

    Abstract: One of the methods of protein crosslinking used in the synthesis of protein-based nanoparticles is the formation of bityrosine bridges, which may be achieved by the recombination of phenoxyl-type radicals in irradiated protein solutions. Radiation-induced formation of phenoxyl radicals in tyrosine is promoted in presence of H+. In this work, kinetics of this process and the influence of pH were studied by pulse radiolysis measurements of a model peptide H-Gly-Tyr-Gly-OH (GYG), which may help to solve questions raised for bigger, more complex systems in comparable conditions. The main route of phenoxyl radicals formation consists of the addition reaction of hydroxyl radical to the phenol ring on the tyrosine side-chain and proton catalyzed water molecule elimination. A similar effect was observed in studies of tripeptide solutions containing phosphate buffer. The presented data include time-resolved optical spectroscopy of transient species formed under pulse electron beam irradiation and a comparison of the kinetics of the phenoxyl radicals formation in samples at various pH and in presence of phosphate buffer. The postulated mechanism and obtained values of rate constants of the formation and decay of transient species were additionally checked by simple probabilistic simulations.

    Palavras-Chave: ionizing radiations; radiolysis; tyrosine; proteins

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  • IPEN-DOC 27771

    ANGELOCCI, LUCAS V. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; PANTELIS, EVAGGELOS; NOGUEIRA, BEATRIZ R. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. . Monte Carlo simulation to assess free space and end-weld thickness variation effects on dose rate for a new Ir-192 brachytherapy source. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 173, p. 1-6, 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109709

    Abstract: A new Iridium-192 seed for brachytherapy is under development. Specific dose rate contribution by two different factors were evaluated: the effect from movement of the core in the free space within the seed and the effect of the end-weld thickness variation. Both were investigated through use of the Monte Carlo radiation transport code MCNP6 and an in-house routine programmed with MATLAB. Differences greater than 15% compared to results from the nominal seed were found near the source, indicating a significant dose variation.

    Palavras-Chave: calculation methods; monte carlo method; brachytherapy; iridium 192; seeds; dosimetry; source terms; dose rates

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  • IPEN-DOC 27816

    AQUINO, SIMONE ; LIMA, JOSE E.A. de; REIS, TATIANA A. dos; CORREA, BENEDITO; BORRELY, SUELI I. . Mycoflora and DNA sequencing analysis of radioresistant fungi isolated from irradiated vehicular air conditioning filters collected in São Paulo, Brazil. Microbiology Research International, v. 9, n. 1, p. 1-15, 2021. DOI: 10.30918/MRI.91.21.011

    Abstract: Fungal bioburdens in filters from car air conditioning systems represent a potential risk of respiratory or pulmonary diseases to both passengers and drivers. The present study demonstrated high fungal contamination in air conditioning filters collected from fifty-seven vehicles from the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The filters samples were irradiated with 10, 15 and 20 kGy gamma ray doses with a cobalt-60 source. The presence of Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium glabrum and Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti remaining after the ionizing treatment with 10 and 15 kGy. The radioresistant pathogenic species was confirmed through genetic sequencing of the ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin gene rDNA regions. The 20 kGy dose was efficient in inhibiting pathogenic fungi growth in all samples but promoted the fungal decontamination in 79% of the samples. These results and other efforts will enable ionizing radiation to become an important tool in contributing to the recycling of automotive vehicle air filters and in ensuring indoor air quality for both drivers and passengers.

    Palavras-Chave: ionizing radiations; air quality; indoor air pollution; vehicles; air conditioning; fungal diseases; air filters; air cleaning systems

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  • IPEN-DOC 25801

    TAPPIZ, B. ; MOREIRA, E.G. . Neutron activation analysis characterization procedures for fish consumed at São Paulo city. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 7, n. 2A, p. 1-9, 2019. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v7i2A.710

    Abstract: The characterization of edible tissues of fishes consumed by humans is very important for determination of sev-eral toxic and potentially toxic elements, ensuring the food safety. The Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) comparative method allows the determination of several of these elements, as well as others, for example of nutritional character. This study is part of an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) technical coopera-tion project of Latin America and Caribbean countries to ensure the quality of food and biomonitoring of con-taminants in shellfish and fishes. Ten specimens of 4 of the most consumed fish in São Paulo city: whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias Furnieri), smooth weakfish (Cynoscion learchus), common snook (Centropomus undeci-malis) and Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) were analyzed. Complete procedures for analysis, which includes purchase in the largest warehouse in Latin America, transport to the laboratory, storage, freeze-drying, milling, weighting and others preparations of the subsamples, and the short irradiation parameters for the de-termination of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and Na are reported. Results obtained under the same irradiation conditions for reference materials (oyster and mussel tissues) for macro and microelements are presented and are in agreement with their certificates, which indicate that the performed analyses were appropriate. Regarding to the mass fraction values obtained for the fish samples, they were in agreement with the literature.

    Palavras-Chave: neutron activation analysis; fishes; brazil; contamination; gamma spectroscopy; quality assurance; quality management; high-purity ge detectors; radioisotopes; food; quality control

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  • IPEN-DOC 27362

    SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; MOURA, JOÃO A. ; COSTA, OSVALDO L. da ; ANGELOCCI, LUCAS V. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. . New core configuration for the fabrication of 125I radioactive sources for cancer treatment. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 165, p. 1-8, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109307

    Abstract: In order to provide prostate brachytherapy treatment for more Brazilian men, IPEN is building a laboratory for the manufacture of radioactive sources. The new methodology for the production of iodine-125 seeds with yield 71.7% ± 5.3%. Points of importance were evaluated/discussed: photo-sensibility, reaction vial type, the substitution for iodine-131, pH, and solution volume. The surface was analyzed by FTIR and EDS. At the end, a Monte Carlo-MCNP6 simulation was performed to evaluate the TG-43 parameters.

    Palavras-Chave: radiation sources; iodine 125; brachytherapy; radiation chemistry; monte carlo method; neoplasms; tumor cells; prostate; iodination

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  • IPEN-DOC 27854

    SOUZA, C.D. de ; ZEITUNI, C.A. ; ARCOS ROSERO, W.A. ; NOGUEIRA, B.R. ; ROSTELATO, M.E.C.M. . New gold-198 nanoparticle synthesis to be used in cancer treatment. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-18, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1260

    Abstract: Gold nanoparticles (NPs) have been intriguing scientists for over 100 years. Recently, they have been studied for new applications such as cancer treatment. Although the synthesis of gold nanoparticles is extensively reported, in the majority of cases the methodology is confused and/or not clear. We describe a new synthesis methodology for radioactive gold‐198 NPs. Gold-198 was activated in IPEN IEA-01 nuclear reactor. After that, chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) was formed by dissolving the radioactive gold with aqua regia and performing repeated heating cycles. 0.1 mM HAuCl4 containing 100 μL of 1 M NaOH was prepared in a flask equipped with a reflux condenser. The solution was brought to boil and stirred with a PTFE‐coated magnetic stir‐bar. Then 5 mL of sodium citrate was rapidly added. The reaction turns from light yellow to clear, black, dark purple until the solution attained a wine‐red color (2–3 min). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) confirmed 8 nm particles. The presence of gold‐198 (197.968 g/mol; half‐life: 2.69517; decay mode: β‐; average energy: 1.3723 MeV) was confirmed by an ORTEC HPGe detector. DLS was performed after complete decay confirming the 8 nm diameter maintenance. TEM analysis of the same solution yielded particles with 11 nm. We were able to achieve radioactive gold‐198 NPs and are performing further studies such as: coating reactions, in‐vitro and in‐vivo studies.

    Palavras-Chave: atomic force microscopy; brachytherapy; decay; gold 198; high-purity ge detectors; light scattering; nanoparticles; neoplasms; neutron flux; radiochemistry; sodium compounds; synthesis; ultraviolet radiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 28351

    SILVA, JOSE T. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; ANGELOCCI, LUCAS V. ; ROSERO, WILMMER A.A. ; NOGUEIRA, BEATRIZ R. ; CORREIA, RUANYTO W. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. . New model for an epoxy-based brachytherapy source to be used in spinal cancer treatment. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 178, p. 1-7, 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109952

    Abstract: The present work described the cold fabrication of a P-32 radioactive source to be used in CNS cancer using epoxy resin. The epoxy plaque fabricated with Teflon mold presented better agreement. MCNP simulation evaluated the radiation dose. Special attention was given to factors that can impact dose distribution. Average dose was 16.44 ± 2.89% cGy/s. Differences of less than 0.01 cm in thickness within the plaque lead to differences of up to 12% in the dose rate.

    Palavras-Chave: epoxides; brachytherapy; neoplasms; central nervous system; monte carlo method; radiation doses

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  • IPEN-DOC 29683

    ESQUIVEL-HERNANDEZ, GERMAIN; MATIATOS, IOANNIS; SANCHEZ-MURILLO, RICARDO; VYSTAVNA, YULIYA; BALESTRINI, RAFFAELLA; WELLS, NAOMI S.; MONTEIRO, LUCILENA R. ; CHANTARA, SOMPORN; WALTERS, WENDELL; WASSENAAR, LEONARD I.. Nitrate isotopes (δ15N, δ18O) in precipitation: best practices from an international coordinated research project. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, v. 59, n. 2, p. 127-141, 2023. DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2023.2177649

    Abstract: Stable isotope ratios of nitrogen and oxygen (15N/14N and 18O/16O) of nitrate (NO3–) are excellent tracers for developing systematic understanding of sources, conversions, and deposition of reactive atmospheric nitrogen (Nr) in the environment. Despite recent analytical advances, standardized sampling of NO3–) isotopes in precipitation is still lacking. To advance atmospheric studies on Nr species, we propose best-practice guidelines for accurate and precise sampling and analysis of NO3– isotopes in precipitation based on the experience obtained from an international research project coordinated by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The precipitation sampling and preservation strategies yielded a good agreement between the NO3– concentrations measured at the laboratories of 16 countries and at the IAEA. Compared to conventional methods (e.g., bacterial denitrification), we confirmed the accurate performance of the lower cost Ti(III) reduction method for isotope analyses (15N and 18O) of NO3– in precipitation samples. These isotopic data depict different origins and oxidation pathways of inorganic nitrogen. This work emphasized the capability of NO3– isotopes to assess the origin and atmospheric oxidation of Nr and outlined a pathway to improve laboratory capability and expertise at a global scale. The incorporation of other isotopes like 17O in Nr is recommended in future studies.

    Palavras-Chave: nitrates; isotopes; nitrogen 15; geochemistry; oxygen 18; precipitation; inorganic compounds; regulatory guides; calibration standards

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  • IPEN-DOC 24774

    PEREIRA, MARCO A.S. ; PUGLIESI, REYNALDO . Penetration of the consolidant Paraloid (R) B-72 in Macuxi indigenous ceramic vessels investigated by neutron tomography. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, v. 889, p. 118-121, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.034

    Abstract: The neutron tomography technique was applied in studying the penetration of the consolidant Paraloid (R) B-72 in contemporary indigenous ceramic vessels. The study was carried out for two distinct and controlled air humidity conditions, 40% and 90%, in which the vessels were exposed, before the consolidant application. The obtained images have proved that the penetration of Paraloid (R) B-72 in the ceramic does not depend on the humidity condition in which it was applied, moreover allowed a macro-visualization of the consolidant penetration in the ceramic vessel. As the vessels used in the present work were manufactured by an indigenous artisan, Macuxi, according to the same procedures and raw materials used by the ancient artisans, the results obtained can be used as a guide to assist experts, both in the study of archeological objects of Macuxi origin, as well as other objects that had been made by other tribes that lived in the same Amazon region, in Brazil.

    Palavras-Chave: neutrons; tomography; ceramics; biological recovery; cultural objects; humidity control; resins; indigenous peoples; brazil

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A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

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A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.