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Navegação IPEN por autor "VON RANDOW, CELSO"
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GATTI, LUCIANA; MILLER, JOHN B.; BASSO, LUANA S.; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.
; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C.
; IPIA, ALBER; ARAI, EGIDIO; TEJADA, GRACIELA; ARAGÃO, LUIZ E.O.C.; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; VON RANDOW, CELSO; GLOOR, MANUEL; PETERS, WOUTER; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P..
Amazon carbon balance and its sensitivity to climate and human-driven changes.
In: AGU FALL MEETING,
December 9-13, 2019,
San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abstract...
Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union,
2019.
Abstract:
The Amazon accounts for 50% of Earth’s tropical rainforests hosting the largest live carbon pools in vegetation and soils (~200 PgC). The net carbon exchange between tropical land and the atmosphere is critically important, because the stability of carbon in forests and soils can be disrupted on short time-scales. The main processes releasing C to the atmosphere are deforestation, fires and changes in growing conditions due to increased temperatures and droughts. Such changes may thus cause feedbacks on global climate. In the last 40 years, the Amazon mean temperature has increased by 1.1ºC. Annual mean precipitation has also decreased by 51 mm during this same 40 year period. The precipitation reduction occurred mainly in the dry season, and the dry season has lengthened, exacerbating vegetation water stress with consequences for carbon balance.
To better understand its C budget, starting in 2010 we established a regionally representative greenhouse gas monitoring program across Amazonia. The program aims to quantify gas concentrations (CO2, CH4, N2O, CO, and SF6) based on extensive collection of air from light aircraft vertical profiles. The atmosphere is profiled from the ground up to 4.5 km height at four sites along the main air-stream over the Amazon Basin on a twice-monthly basis. Here we will report what these new data tell us about the carbon balance and its controls from 2010-2017. During this period we performed 513 vertical profiles over four strategic regions that represent fluxes over much of Amazonia. The observed variability of carbon fluxes during these 8 years is correlated with climate-related (temperature, precipitation, soil water storage from GRACE satellite) and anthropogenic (fire counts) variables. The correlations were performed inside the upwind area for each profiling site.
During our study period, the Amazon was a consistent source of 0.4 ± 0.2 PgC/year on average, extrapolating to the entire Amazon Basin area of 7.2 million km2. Fire emission is the main source of carbon to the atmosphere, which is not compensated by the C removal from old-growth Amazon forest. Moreover, the drought years of 2010, 2015 and 2016 are playing an outsized role in the eight-year mean. Removing those years from the mean, the net source is reduced from 0.4 ± 0.2 PgC/year to 0.2 ± 0.2 PgC/year.
GATTI, LUCIANA; MILLER, JOHN B.; BASSO, LUANA S.; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C.; IPIA, ALBER; ARAI, EGIDIO; TEJADA, GRACIELA; ARAGÃO, LUIZ E.O.C.; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; VON RANDOW, CELSO; GLOOR, MANUEL; PETERS, WOUTER; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.
Amazon carbon balance and its sensitivity to climate and human-driven changes.
In:
AGU FALL MEETING,
December 9-13, 2019,
San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abstract...
Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union,
2019.
Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/30979. Acesso em: $DATA.
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GATTI, LUCIANA V.; BASSO, LUANA S.; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, EMANUEL U.; ARAGÃO, LUIZ E.O.C.; NOBRE, CARLOS; PETERS, WOUTER; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; VON RANDOW, CELSO; ARAI, EGIDIO; MARANI, LUCIANO; SANCHEZ, ALBER; CORREA, SERGIO M.; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C.
; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; NEVES, RAIANE A.L..
Amazon plays an important climatic role and deforestation is promoting important changes and a consequent increase in the carbon balance.
In: AGU FALL MEETING,
December 1-17, 2020,
Online.
Abstract...
Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union,
2020.
Abstract:
We present a nine-year study designed to present both regional and temporal representation of Amazon Carbon Balance from 2010 to 2018 using 590 aircraft vertical profiles. Four locations were strategically chosen: the northeast (SAN), southeast (ALF), northwest (TAB_TEF), and southwest (RBA) regions. Each of these regions represents a different deforestation scenario, land-use change, and climate impact. For instance, 37% of the region of influence at SAN site has already deforested; it also has shown the greatest changes in precipitation and Carbon emission. The changes in precipitation (P) and temperature (T) are mainly in the dry season for all sites. At the ALF site, 28% deforested, showed the greatest changes in temperature, and the second-highest carbon emission. On the other hand, the western Amazon sites (RBA and TAB_TEF), accounted for an average of deforestation of 16%, presented near neutral carbon balance and lower changes in precipitation and temperature. The eastern Amazon (SAN + ALF) represented 22% of the Amazon area, presented 27% of deforestation and was the region where dry season presented more substantial changes in precipitation (reduced by 24-34%) and temperature (increased by 1.9-2.5 ˚C). As a consequence of these climatic and anthropic changes, the carbon flux emission at eastern Amazon was around ten times higher than at western Amazon (RBA + TAB_TEF). Eastern Amazon was a carbon source during the 9-year analysis, of which 89% of the carbon flux comes from biomass burning. In the western Amazon, the low deforestation (~11%) showed less changes in dry season P and T and carbon sink in the Net Biome Exchange (NBE C Flux: Total C Flux less Fire C Flux). If the whole Amazon had the western NBE C flux, it could be removed from the atmosphere 0.74 Gt CO2 y-1. Therefore, Amazon is becoming a carbon source mainly due the fire emissions, which represent two times the Amazon carbon sink, as a result of anthropic and climatic changes.
Palavras-Chave:
carbon;
deforestation;
environmental degradation;
climatic change;
carbon oxides;
amazon river;
environmental impacts
GATTI, LUCIANA V.; BASSO, LUANA S.; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, EMANUEL U.; ARAGÃO, LUIZ E.O.C.; NOBRE, CARLOS; PETERS, WOUTER; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; VON RANDOW, CELSO; ARAI, EGIDIO; MARANI, LUCIANO; SANCHEZ, ALBER; CORREA, SERGIO M.; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C.; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.
Amazon plays an important climatic role and deforestation is promoting important changes and a consequent increase in the carbon balance.
In:
AGU FALL MEETING,
December 1-17, 2020,
Online.
Abstract...
Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union,
2020.
Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/31846. Acesso em: $DATA.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.
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GATTI, LUCIANA V.
; BASSO, LUANA S.; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, MANUEL; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.
; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.; NOBRE, CARLOS; PETERS, WOUTER; MARANI, LUCIANO; ARAI, EGIDIO; SANCHES, ALBER H.; CORREA, SERGIO M.; ANDERSON, LIANA; VON RANDOW, CELSO; CORREIA, CAIO S.C.
; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; NEVES, RAIANE A.L..
Amazonia as a carbon source linked to deforestation and climate change.
Nature,
v. 595,
n. 7867,
p. 388-393,
2021.
DOI:
10.1038/s41586-021-03629-6
Abstract:
Amazonia hosts the Earth’s largest tropical forests and has been shown to be an important carbon sink over recent decades. This carbon sink seems to be in decline, however, as a result of factors such as deforestation and climate change. Here we investigate Amazonia’s carbon budget and the main drivers responsible for its change into a carbon source. We performed 590 aircraft vertical profiling measurements of lower-tropospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide at four sites in Amazonia from 2010 to 2018. We find that total carbon emissions are greater in eastern Amazonia than in the western part, mostly as a result of spatial differences in carbon-monoxide-derived fire emissions. Southeastern Amazonia, in particular, acts as a net carbon source (total carbon flux minus fire emissions) to the atmosphere. Over the past 40 years, eastern Amazonia has been subjected to more deforestation, warming and moisture stress than the western part, especially during the dry season, with the southeast experiencing the strongest trends. We explore the effect of climate change and deforestation trends on carbon emissions at our study sites, and find that the intensification of the dry season and an increase in deforestation seem to promote ecosystem stress, increase in fire occurrence, and higher carbon emissions in the eastern Amazon. This is in line with recent studies that indicate an increase in tree mortality and a reduction in photosynthesis as a result of climatic changes across Amazonia.
Palavras-Chave:
climatic change;
burns;
carbon sources;
emission;
deforestation;
troposphere;
temperature measurement;
environmental impacts;
amazon river
GATTI, LUCIANA V.; BASSO, LUANA S.; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, MANUEL; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.; NOBRE, CARLOS; PETERS, WOUTER; MARANI, LUCIANO; ARAI, EGIDIO; SANCHES, ALBER H.; CORREA, SERGIO M.; ANDERSON, LIANA; VON RANDOW, CELSO; CORREIA, CAIO S.C.; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.
Amazonia as a carbon source linked to deforestation and climate change.
Nature,
v. 595,
n. 7867,
p. 388-393,
2021.
DOI:
10.1038/s41586-021-03629-6.
Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/32195. Acesso em: $DATA.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.
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TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA V.
; BASSO, LUANA S.; MATAVELI, GUILHERME A.V.; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; VON RANDOW, CELSO.
Forest biomass: an uncertainty source of land use and land cover change related carbon emissions in the Amazon.
In: EGU General Assembly,
May 23-27, 2022,
Vienna, Austria.
Abstract...
Göttingen, Germany: Copernicus,
2022.
Abstract:
Tropical forest plays a fundamental role in the ecosystem services maintenance. Amazon forests
have been subject to intense land use and cover changes (LUCC), mainly in the Southeast portion.
Like many tropical countries, more than 70% of Brazilian greenhouse gasses emissions come from
LUCC. Under the framework of the CARBAM Project, atmospheric CO2 measurements in four sites
of the Amazon, show that there is a reduction in the Amazon forest capacity to absorb C in the
proximities of previous deforested and degraded forest areas, such as the well-known
“Deforestation Arc” in the Southeast amazon. There are many LUCC databases now available that
allow to assess the deforestation, degradation and second forest dynamics and contribute to a
better understanding of the carbon dynamics of nine years of in situ atmospheric CO2
measurements. Nevertheless, in order to know how much CO2 is released to the atmosphere due
to LUCC, it is necessary to quantify how much carbon is stored in the forest biomass and to assess
the biomass variability along the different datasets. Here we compared the forest biomass
quantity of three biomass maps: the fourth national communication of Brazil map (official), a
global map (Baccini et al. 2012) and a regional map for the Brazilian Amazon (EBA project). We
found significant differences for the Brazilian Amazon: between the official biomass map and the
regional map 27%, between the global and regional map 25% and the smallest difference was
between the official and the global map (3%). Even though the official and the regional maps were
obtained using the same data inputs, the official map refers to a potential biomass for 2010 and
the regional map reflects the real biomass in 2016, this could explain the difference. The official
and global maps represent the potential biomass, and as we used the mean forest area, the
biomass content is similar. When comparing these maps at a deforested pixel level the differences
could be larger. The spatial and temporal scale of biomass maps make it hard to estimate the CO2
emissions of degradation and secondary forest loss and growth which are fundamental to
understand the Amazon C balance under climate change and LUCC pressures.
Palavras-Chave:
greenhouses;
deforestation;
carbon dioxide;
land use;
forests;
emissions tax;
amazon river;
forests
TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA V.; BASSO, LUANA S.; MATAVELI, GUILHERME A.V.; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; VON RANDOW, CELSO.
Forest biomass: an uncertainty source of land use and land cover change related carbon emissions in the Amazon.
In:
EGU General Assembly,
May 23-27, 2022,
Vienna, Austria.
Abstract...
Göttingen, Germany: Copernicus,
2022.
Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/33251. Acesso em: $DATA.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.
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GATTI, LUCIANA V.
; CUNHA, CAMILLA L.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; MESSIAS, CASSIANO G.; ARAI, EGIDIO; DENNING, SCOTT A.; SOLER, LUCIANA S.; ALMEIDA, CLAUDIO; SETZER, ALBERTO; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.
; BASSO, LUANA S.; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, MANUEL; CORREIA, CAIO S.C.
; TEJADA, GRACIELA; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; RAJÃO, RAONI; NUNES, FELIPE; S.FILHO, BRITALDO S.; SCHMITT, JAIR; NOBRE, CARLOS; CORRÊA, SERGIO M.; SANCHES, ALBER H.; ARAGÃO, LUIZ E.O.C.; ANDERSON, LIANA; VON RANDOW, CELSO; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; SILVA, FRANCINE M.; MACHADO, GUILHERME B.M..
Increased Amazon carbon emissions mainly from decline in law enforcement.
Nature,
v. 621,
p. 318-323,
2023.
DOI:
10.1038/s41586-023-06390-0
Abstract:
The Amazon forest carbon sink is declining, mainly as a result of land-use and climate
change1–4. Here we investigate how changes in law enforcement of environmental
protection policies may have affected the Amazonian carbon balance between
2010 and 2018 compared with 2019 and 2020, based on atmospheric CO2 vertical
profiles5,6, deforestation7 and fire data8, as well as infraction notices related to illegal
deforestation9. We estimate that Amazonia carbon emissions increased from a
mean of 0.24 ± 0.08 PgC year−1 in 2010–2018 to 0.44 ± 0.10 PgC year−1 in 2019 and
0.52 ± 0.10 PgC year−1 in 2020 (± uncertainty). The observed increases in deforestation
were 82% and 77% (94% accuracy) and burned area were 14% and 42% in 2019 and
2020 compared with the 2010–2018 mean, respectively. We find that the numbers of
notifications of infractions against flora decreased by 30% and 54% and fines paid by
74% and 89% in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Carbon losses during 2019–2020 were
comparable with those of the record warm El Niño (2015–2016) without an extreme
drought event. Statistical tests show that the observed differences between the 2010–
2018 mean and 2019–2020 are unlikely to have arisen by chance. The changes in the
carbon budget of Amazonia during 2019–2020 were mainly because of western
Amazonia becoming a carbon source. Our results indicate that a decline in law
enforcement led to increases in deforestation, biomass burning and forest degradation,
which increased carbon emissions and enhanced drying and warming of the Amazon
forests.
GATTI, LUCIANA V.; CUNHA, CAMILLA L.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; MESSIAS, CASSIANO G.; ARAI, EGIDIO; DENNING, SCOTT A.; SOLER, LUCIANA S.; ALMEIDA, CLAUDIO; SETZER, ALBERTO; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.; BASSO, LUANA S.; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, MANUEL; CORREIA, CAIO S.C.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; RAJÃO, RAONI; NUNES, FELIPE; S.FILHO, BRITALDO S.; SCHMITT, JAIR; NOBRE, CARLOS; CORRÊA, SERGIO M.; SANCHES, ALBER H.; ARAGÃO, LUIZ E.O.C.; ANDERSON, LIANA; VON RANDOW, CELSO; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; SILVA, FRANCINE M.; MACHADO, GUILHERME B.M.
Increased Amazon carbon emissions mainly from decline in law enforcement.
Nature,
v. 621,
p. 318-323,
2023.
DOI:
10.1038/s41586-023-06390-0.
Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/34370. Acesso em: $DATA.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.
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TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA
; BASSO, LUANA; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE; ARAI, EGIDIO; ARAGAO, LUIZ; CRISPIM, STEPHANE; NEVES, RAIANE; DOMINGUES, LUCAS
; CORREIA, CAIO
; IPIA, ALBER; GLOOR, MANUEL; MILLER, JOHN; VON RANDOW, CELSO.
Is it feasible to relate CO2 atmospheric measurements with land use and cover change data?: A primary assessment of land use and cover change datasets in the Amazon.
In: EGU General Assembly,
May 4-8, 2020,
Online.
Abstract...
Göttingen, Germany: Copernicus,
2020.
Abstract:
Atmospheric CO2 concentrations have had a significant increase in recent years reaching levels
never seen before. In the Amazon region, the main CO2 emissions come from land use and cover
change (LUCC), especially for the deforestation of natural forests. It is very important to
understand the impacts of climate change and deforestation on the Amazon forests to understand
their role in the current carbon balance at different scales. The lower-troposphere greenhouse gas
(GHG) monitoring program “CARBAM project”, has been collecting bimonthly GHGs vertical profiles
in four sites of the Amazon since 2010, filling a very important gap in regional GHGs
measurements. Here we compare different LUCC datasets for the Amazon region to see if there is
a relation between annual LUCC and bimonthly CO2 aircraft measurements in the Amazon. We
compared the annual (2010-2018) LUCC area from IBGE, PRODES and mapbiomas pan-amazon
datasets for each mean influence area of the CARBAM sites and relate this LUCC areas with the
annual CO2 fluxes. We found differences in the classification methods of the LUCC data, showing
differences in the total deforested area. The LUCC data have different tendencies in each CARBAM
influence area having more deforestation in the east side of the Amazon CARBAM sites. There is
no clear trend between LUCC and carbon fluxes in the last 8 years. Inter-annual CO2 fluxes
variability could be related with the several droughts that influence the
photosynthesis/respiration. Here we highlight the scale issues regarding LUCC datasets,
atmospheric CO2 measurements and CO2 modeling to better understand the current Amazon
carbon balance.
TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA; BASSO, LUANA; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE; ARAI, EGIDIO; ARAGAO, LUIZ; CRISPIM, STEPHANE; NEVES, RAIANE; DOMINGUES, LUCAS; CORREIA, CAIO; IPIA, ALBER; GLOOR, MANUEL; MILLER, JOHN; VON RANDOW, CELSO.
Is it feasible to relate CO2 atmospheric measurements with land use and cover change data?: A primary assessment of land use and cover change datasets in the Amazon.
In:
EGU General Assembly,
May 4-8, 2020,
Online.
Abstract...
Göttingen, Germany: Copernicus,
2020.
Disponível em: http://200.136.52.105/handle/123456789/31677. Acesso em: $DATA.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.
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TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA V.
; BASSO, LUANA S.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.
; IPIA, ALBER; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C.
; ARAI, EGIDIO; GLOOR, EMANUEL U.; MILLER, JOHN B.; VON RANDOW, CELSO.
Land use and cover change and CO2 atmospheric measurements in the Amazon forests.
In: AGU CHARPMAN CONFERENCE,
August 26-29, 2019,
San Diego, CA, USA.
Abstract...
Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union,
2019.
Abstract:
In the last years, global CO2 concentrations have reach levels never seen before reaching more than 400 ppm. Among the main causes of these emissions are the burning of fossil fuels and the land use and cover change (LUCC) related emissions. In the Amazon region, the main CO2 emissions are related to deforestation. Multitemporal LUCC datasets have been restrict to Brazil, but now has been released a pan-Amazon dataset for all the countries sharing the Amazon, opening the possibility of studying the Amazon forests as a whole. On the other hand, the lower-troposphere greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring program “Carbam project”, has been collecting biweekly GHGs vertical profiles in four sites of the Amazon since 2010, filling a very important gap in regional GHGs measurements. Our purpose is to understand the relationships between regional LUCC and CO2 aircraft measurements in the Amazon. Here we present the relationships between annual LUCC data from 2010 to 2017 in the Amazon forest and in each mean influence area of Carbam sites comparing them with mean annual CO2 fluxes. Considering the whole Amazon forests and the mean annual CO2 fluxes, the years with more forest loss and agriculture increase are 2010 and 2016, showing relation with CO2 fluxes. On the other hand, 2011 and 2017 also have deforestation (less than 2010 and 2016), but the CO2 fluxes are lower, showing that droughts could also influence the CO2 concentrations. Looking at each influence area, total carbon flux of Alta Floresta and Rio Branco have the same tendency as the forest loss from 2013 to 2017, but no in 2010 and 2012. In Tabantinga, Tefé and Santarem there is no a direct relationship between the carbon fluxes and the forest loss. To understand better the relationships at each site, we have to consider the years of measurements. Also, the temporal scale, carbon fluxes are measure biweekly and the LUCC data is annual. Looking at the potentialities and limitations of this relationship, it will be possible to improve the methodology to better understand the interaction of human activities and CO2 emissions on the carbon balance.
TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA V.; BASSO, LUANA S.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.; IPIA, ALBER; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C.; ARAI, EGIDIO; GLOOR, EMANUEL U.; MILLER, JOHN B.; VON RANDOW, CELSO.
Land use and cover change and CO2 atmospheric measurements in the Amazon forests.
In:
AGU CHARPMAN CONFERENCE,
August 26-29, 2019,
San Diego, CA, USA.
Abstract...
Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union,
2019.
Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/32191. Acesso em: $DATA.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.
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GATTI, LUCIANA V.
; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.
; BASSO, LUANA S.
; MILLER, JOHN B.; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C.
; TEJADA, GRACIELA; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; GLOOR, MANUEL; PETERS, WOUTER; VON RANDOW, CELSO; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; IPIA, ALBER; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; ARAI, EGIDIO.
Sensitivity of Amazon Carbon Balance to climate and human-driven changes in Amazon.
In: AGU CHARPMAN CONFERENCE,
August 26-29, 2019,
San Diego, CA, USA.
Abstract...
Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union,
2019.
Abstract:
Amazon is the major tropical land region, with critical processes, such as the carbon cycle, not yet fully understood. Only very few long-term greenhouse gas measurements is available in the tropics. The Amazon accounts for 50% of Earth’s tropical rainforests hosting the largest carbon pool in vegetation and soils (~200 PgC). The net carbon exchange between tropical land and the atmosphere is critically important because the stability of carbon in forests and soils can be disrupted in short time-scales. The main processes releasing C to the atmosphere are deforestation, fires and changes in growing conditions due to increased temperatures and droughts. Such changes may thus cause feedbacks on global climate.
In the last 40 years, Amazon mean temperature increased by 1.1ºC. The length of the dry season is also increasing. We observed a reduction of 50.5mm in the annual mean precipitation during this same 40 years period. Precipitation reduction occurred mainly in the dry season, exacerbating vegetation water stress with consequences for the carbon balance.
To understand the consequences of climate and human-driven changes on the C budget of Amazonia, we put in place the first program with regional representativeness, from 2010 onwards, aiming to quantify greenhouse gases based on extensive collection of vertical profiles of CO2 and CO. Regular vertical profiles from the ground up to 4.5 km height were performed at four sites along the main air-stream over the Amazon. Here we will report what these new data tell us about the greenhouse gas balance and its controls during the 2010-2017. Along this period we performed 513 vertical profiles over four strategic regions that represent fluxes over the entire Amazon region. The observed variability of carbon fluxes during these 8 years is correlated with climate variability (Temperature, precipitation, GRACE) and human-driven changes (Biomass Burning). The correlations were performed inside each influenced area for each studied site.
It was observed a persistent C source from the Amazon (natural plus anthropogenic sources) to the atmosphere. Amazon was a consistent source of 0.4 ± 0.2 PgC/year on average considering the Amazon area of 7.2 million km2. Fire emission is the main source of carbon to the atmosphere, which is not compensate by the C removal from old-growth Amazon forest.
GATTI, LUCIANA V.; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.; BASSO, LUANA S.; MILLER, JOHN B.; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; GLOOR, MANUEL; PETERS, WOUTER; VON RANDOW, CELSO; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; IPIA, ALBER; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; ARAI, EGIDIO.
Sensitivity of Amazon Carbon Balance to climate and human-driven changes in Amazon.
In:
AGU CHARPMAN CONFERENCE,
August 26-29, 2019,
San Diego, CA, USA.
Abstract...
Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union,
2019.
Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/32192. Acesso em: $DATA.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.
Como referenciar este item
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TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA
; BASSO, LUANA; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CORREIA, CAIO
; DOMINGUES, LUCAS
; CRISPIM, STEPHANE; NEVES, RAIANE; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.; ARAI, EGIDIO; GLOOR, MANUEL; MILLER, JOHN B.; VON RANDOW, CELSO.
Understanding the relationships between local deforestation and CO2 atmospheric measurements in the Brazilian Amazon.
Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira - Brazilian Journal of Forestry Research,
v. 39,
Special issue,
p. 528-528,
2019.
DOI:
10.4336/2019.pfb.39e201902043
Abstract:
Amazon forests play a fundamental role in the global carbon balance as a carbon sink, but temperature elevations and frequents extreme events as droughts and
floods could make the forests a source of CO2. Local atmospheric measurements of greenhouse gases are needed to better understand how forest will respond to
climate change. The lower-troposphere greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring program over Brazilian Amazon Basin, has been collecting biweekly GHGs vertical
profiles in four sites since 2010. We aim to understand the relationships between local deforestation and CO2 aircraft measurements in the Brazilian Amazon. We
calculated annual deforestation (using the Amazon Deforestation Calculation Program - PRODES), land use and cover change data (using the Brazilian Institute
of Geography and Statistics - IBGE) and fire data (using the Fire Monitoring System) in each annual influence area at the four flight measurement sites of the
Brazilian Amazon from 2010-2017 (and also in the mean influence area of all years by sites). We found that when we see total deforestation, it has a relationship
with global CO2 emissions in the Brazilian Amazon biome. Fire has a strong relationship in the drought years, mostly in 2012. Looking at each site, we found
specific correlations with deforestation, fire and land use. The biggest challenge was to compare spatial analyzes of land use change and fire with punctual data
of airplane GHGs measurements. This study will contribute in our understanding of anthropogenic activities over the Amazon forest in a changing climate.
Palavras-Chave:
deforestation;
greenhouse gases;
monitoring;
environment;
atmospheres;
carbon dioxide;
emission
TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA; BASSO, LUANA; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CORREIA, CAIO; DOMINGUES, LUCAS; CRISPIM, STEPHANE; NEVES, RAIANE; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.; ARAI, EGIDIO; GLOOR, MANUEL; MILLER, JOHN B.; VON RANDOW, CELSO.
Understanding the relationships between local deforestation and CO2 atmospheric measurements in the Brazilian Amazon.
Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira - Brazilian Journal of Forestry Research,
v. 39,
p. 528-528,
2019.
Special issue,
DOI:
10.4336/2019.pfb.39e201902043.
Disponível em: http://200.136.52.105/handle/123456789/31670. Acesso em: $DATA.
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A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.
O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.