Abstract: Prostate cancer is the most common chronic disease among men in most parts of the world. According to the National Cancer Institute (INCA) in Brazil in 2018, 68,000 new cases were registered. Among the main treatments the radiotherapy has been shown to be effective in controlling and curing the disease. However, it is noted that the patient satisfaction index is not the most encouraging and there is little research that points to the support of the hospital team. The aim of this study was to collect data from medical records about the adverse effect of the disease and through questionnaire the level of knowledge about the disease and the support offered by sector and to make recommendations for radiotherapy units Data were collected from 147 patients and of that total, 51 answered the questionnaire. The survey also shows that there was little referral to the complementary therapeutic service during of treatment. It is identified that more than 50% them knew very little about prostate cancer and 42% had no participation in the choice of treatment. It is observed that it is difficult to insert support policies for patients with prostate cancer, the professionals who work in oncology and radiotherapy centers underestimate the effects of the disease. It is observed, through research, that many of the symptoms and debilitations could be mitigated if there was a greater interaction between the health team and the patient, reducing the effects of radiation and accelerating the patient's integration for the social environment.

Palavras-Chave: neoplasms; patients; prostate; quality of life; radiation effects; radiotherapy; recommendations

FERREIRA, D.C.; DEL MASTRO, N.L. An analysis of the support and quality of live after the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer in the radiotherapy sector. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-18, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1384. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/32106. Acesso em: $DATA.

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Abstract: Magnesium-based alloys have been proposed for use in temporary biomaterials in the applications that request their biocompatibility and degradability. Analyses of these alloys are of great interest to verify if their element composition is within the product specification and also to evaluate the impurities that may cause toxic effects to the human health or influence in their corrosion processes. In this study, nuclear techniques of neutron activation analysis (NAA) and wavelength dispersive X ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD XRFS) were applied in the analyses of two magnesium-based alloys: commercially pure magnesium (CP-Mg) and AZ31 alloy. The NAA procedure consisted of irradiation aliquots of sample and synthetic element standards followed by measurements using a HGe detector and the WD XFRS was carried out using the Model RIX 3000 X-ray spectrometer. In the CP-Mg sample several element impurities were quantified. In the AZ31 alloy, the alloying element mass fractions were within the product specification and the impurities of As, La, Na and Sb were also quantified. Nickel and sulfur were quantified only by WD XFRS. The Horwitz method was a good parameter to evaluate the repeatability of the results in Al, Mg, Mn and Zn determinations. In conclusion, the results indicated the viability of using NAA and WD XFRS in the analyses of magnesium-based materials mainly due its multielement determinations, precision of the results, quantification of elements in a wide range of mass fractions and the lack of need for sample dissolution.

Palavras-Chave: magnesium base alloys; biological materials; biodegradation; decomposition; fluorescence spectroscopy; x-ray fluorescence analysis; x radiation; specifications

SILVA, C.A.J.; BRAGUIN, L.N.M.; ROSSI, J.L.; SCAPIN, M.A.; COSTA, I.; SAIKI, M. Analyses of magnesium-based alloys by nuclear techniques. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-12, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1969. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/33496. Acesso em: $DATA.

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Abstract: Observation and identification of predictive factors for results and morbidity are essential in the ideal selection of patients who can use brachytherapy as a treatment modality for prostate cancer. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze the population of patients with prostate cancer treated at the General Public Hospital of Palmas in 2015, in the state of Tocantins. The method used was quantitative, with the characteristics of a retrospective, transversal and descriptive analysis. Held in the largest state health unit, the General Public Hospital of Palmas that, despite its large dimensions, lives with the main problems of the Unified Health System, such as overcrowding and shortages. It was found that most of the patients seen corresponded to the age of 70 to 79 years, making 45%, followed by patients aged between 60 and 69 years, with 33%. Most of the individuals attended were from the state of Tocantins, but some lived in an adjacent city in the state of Pará. Data related to the Gleason score showed that there was a predominance of levels 6 and 7 indicating intermediate grade tumors, considering that the most of the observed population was older. It was concluded that the analyzed patients had a predominant staging of CaP II and III, thus most of the individuals, 23 of the 35 analyzed, were not able to undergo brachytherapy due to the high degree of disease staging.

Palavras-Chave: carcinomas; prostate; patients; health services; brachytherapy; therapeutic uses; statistical data

BEZERRA, ANDRE de S.; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A.; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. Analysis of patients with prostate cancer care at a reference hospital in the state of Tocantins, suitable for brachytherapy. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-13, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1545. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/32140. Acesso em: $DATA.

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Abstract: Neste estudo foram estimadas as doses decorrentes de situações de exposição potencial em uma indústria de embalagens que utiliza um acelerador de elétrons autoblindado para a cura de tintas e vernizes em substratos poliméricos. Para isso foram avaliadas as probabilidades de falhas no sistema de segurança do acelerador e realizadas simulações envolvendo duas situações acidentais que poderiam levar à exposição potencial de Indivíduos Ocupacionalmente Expostos e Indivíduos do Público. Embora estas situações de exposição sejam pouco prováveis e envolva um número pequeno de indivíduos o estudo ressalta a importância de realizar exercícios de simulação permitindo identificar as possíveis falhas de operação e as consequências radiológicas para esse tipo de evento. Os exercícios de simulação realizados apontaram a necessidade de incluir a equipe de intervenção para saneamento do acidente, representada pela brigada de incêndio a qual foi incluída nos treinamentos periódicos de proteção radiológica. Além disso, as estimativas de falha no sistema de segurança e as doses resultantes demonstraram a conformidade aos requisitos de proteção radiológica.

Palavras-Chave: accelerators; accidents; failures; occupational exposure; probabilistic estimation; radiation protection; safety analysis; self-shielding; simulation

RIOS, D.A.S.; RIOS, P.B.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.; CARNEIRO, J.C.G.G. Análise de situações de exposição potencial em aceleradores de elétrons autoblindados. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 7, n. 3, p. 1-15, 2019. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v7i3.851. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/30377. Acesso em: $DATA.

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Abstract: Edible flowers are increasingly used in culinary preparations, which require new approaches to improve their conservation and safety. Irradiation treatment is safe and an effective alternative for food conservation. Indeed, it can also guarantee food quality, increasing shelf-life and disinfestation of it. This technology gives us a versa-tile way to get good quality food, reducing post-harvest losses. Dianthus chinensis flowers, popularly known as Chinese pink, are widely used in culinary preparations, being also acknowledged for their bioactive components and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of D. chinensis flowers submitted to electron beam and gamma irradiation at 0, 0.5, 0.8 and 1 kGy. The antioxidant properties were evaluated through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, reducing power and β-carotene bleaching inhibition assays. Total phenolics were also determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The antioxidant activity was higher for irradiated samples, especially those treated with 0.8 and 1 kGy, independent-ly of the radiation source, which showed the highest capacity to inhibit β-carotene bleaching. Accordingly, the applied irradiation treatments seemed to represent feasible technology to preserve the quality of edible flower petals, being able to improve the antioxidant activity.

Palavras-Chave: antioxidants; dpph; electron beams; flowers; quality assurance; phenols; gamma radiation; food processing

KOIKE, A.C.R.; BARROS, L.; ANTONIO, A.L.; FERREIRA, I.C.F.R.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H. Antioxidant activity of Dianthus chinensis flowers processed by ionizing radiation. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 7, n. 2A, p. 1-9, 2019. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v7i2A.674. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/29926. Acesso em: $DATA.

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Abstract: Phosphogypsum is a residue that has been used by the cement industry as a substitute for the natural gypsum, used as a clinker additive during the production of Portland cement. There is a potential increase in this residue consumption since large amounts of phosphogypsum are generated as outcome of the phosphate fertilizer industries. However, phosphogypsum can be considered a source of radioactive contamination due to the presence of 226Ra in its composition. Depending on the concentration of 226Ra, from the radiological protection point of view, this may cause a problem because this radionuclide and its direct decay product 222Rn along with other decay products, represent the largest fraction of radiation internal dose received by people. In order to evaluate the level of radiological risk that may be associated with the use of phosphogypsum, it is necessary to identify the concentration of 226Ra in building materials. The aim of this research is to analyze samples of phosphogypsum in relation to the concentrations of 226Ra, determined indirectly through 222Rn activity measurements. This measurement process has the advantage of being fast, convenient and relatively inexpensive when compared to traditional methods of 226Ra concentration in samples measurements. The proposed physical-mathematical model was used to establish radium concentration from radon exhalation rate from cement mortar samples. The 222Rn activity measurements were performed with a portable detector with cubic phosphate samples with 50 mm edges each placed in a closed atmosphere of the sampling chamber until secular equilibrium is achieved. Obtained concentrations of radium activity in studied samples of phosphogypsum and cement mortars were found below the limits recommended by CNEN and international regulation.

Palavras-Chave: building materials; concentration ratio; exhalation; gypsum cements; phosphates; radiation detectors; radiation protection; radioactivity; radium 226; radon 222

GERALDO, R.R.; PASCHUK, S.A.; BARRETO, R.C.; CORREA, J.N.; ZAHN, G.S.; SILVA, P.S.C. da; SILVA, A.M. da; NARLOCH, D.C.; ARAUJO, I.C. Application of a semi-empirical model for the evaluation of radium activity in phosphogypsum used as component of clinker. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-15, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1518. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/32133. Acesso em: $DATA.

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Abstract: The irradiation of fresh post-harvest foods has as main interests: inhibit sprouting, increase shelf life, reduce or delay damage caused by insects and diseases. This work is a preliminary study on the use of gamma radiation in fresh peas grains (Pisum sativum L.) in order to evaluate its effects on the inhibition of sprout and its increase in shelf life. The peas were submitted at irradiation process with four radiation doses: 0 (control), 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 kGy, in a 60Co research irradiator, with a dose rate of 0.323 kGy/h. After irradiation the samples were stored at 8 °C, being evaluated at 1, 7, 14 and 21 days by analyzes of: visual aspect, weight loss, color, hardness, pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ratio SST/TTA, water content and ash. By the results it was observed that in all parameters analyzes with gamma radiation doses used did not affect significantly in the shelf life of grains. The 0.30 kGy dose increased the germination of the peas and the 0.45 kGy dose was not sufficient to inhibit the sprouting of the peas.

Palavras-Chave: chemical analysis; cobalt 60; food processing; gamma radiation; peas; radiation dose units; radiation effects; sprout inhibition; storage life

ALBANO, A.M.S.; ARTHUR, V. Application of gamma radiation in pea (Pisum sativum L.) in nature to inhibit sprouting and increase shelf life. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-20, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1439. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/32115. Acesso em: $DATA.

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Abstract: In southwest Amazonia, in the region of the Upper Madeira River, Rondônia, archaeological research has shown that communities with diverse cultures co-existed in the pre-colonial past (ca. 1,000 BP). Archaeological sites from this period located on river banks and islands consist of large extensions of ceramic deposits which reflect different daily activities and social positions that existed within these groups. The complexity of these societies is attested to by the diversity of both ceramic forms and iconography. In this work, 140 ceramic fragments from eight archaeological sites were studied by means of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) to determine Na, K, La, Sm, Yb, Lu, U, Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Zn, Rb, Cs, Ce, Eu, Hf, Ta and Th mass fractions, with the purpose of classifying and ordering artifacts which are related to one another in their chemical compositions. The analytical method used is adequate for this type of study because it is a semi-destructive technique with high sensitivity and precision that can determine chemical elements in trace and ultra-trace levels, essential for studying small variations in elemental concentrations. Multivariate statistical analyses were used to evaluate the dataset. Initially the mass fractions were normalized to compensate for the large difference in magnitude among elements determined in percentage and in trace level. Subsequently, the mass fraction data were interpreted through cluster analysis, discriminant analysis and a log-log scatterplot. The results showed the existence of four compositional groups, indicating different clay sources.

Palavras-Chave: archaeology, ceramics; chemical composition; clays; cluster analysis; elements; gamma spectra; multivariate analysis; neutron activation analysis; rivers; scatterplots

COSTA, A.F.; MUNITA, C.S.; ZUSE, S.; KIPNIS, R. Archaeometry and Archaeology: preliminary studies of the ceramics from archaeological sites of the upper Madeira river/Rondônia - Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-16, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1424. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/32114. Acesso em: $DATA.

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Abstract: Nuclear energy divides public opinion with its “good” and “bad” applications. Almost immediately after the discovery of radiation, radioactive elements purified by the Curies were used in health treatments, but with the nuclear bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the subject was marked by bad public opinion, being related to death and destruction. Nowadays, nuclear physics is used in many important fields, such nuclear medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of various types of diseases, but the prejudice and lack of knowledge of the general public has not yet improved its “fame”. This work proposes to change a little of this paradigm. Through a questionnaire, the public perception of radioactivity was evaluated. The most important result obtained is that the public is interested in learning about radiation and nuclear energy and is willing to change their negative views.

FONTOLAN, A.F.A.M.; SOUZA, C.D. de. Assessment of public perception of radioactivity in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 4, p. 1-19, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2095. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/33922. Acesso em: $DATA.

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