Navegação IPEN por assunto "dusts"

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  • IPEN-DOC 27046

    OLIVEIRA, DANIEL C.F. dos S.; HOELZEMANN, JUDITH J.; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; ALADOS-ARBOLEDAS, LUCAS; GUERRERO-RASCADO, JUAN L.. Aerosol optical properties in the atmosphere of Natal/Brazil by an AERONET network Sun-photometer. In: ALBUQUERQUE, TACIANA T.A. (Ed.); ANDRADE, MARIA DE F. (Ed.); SANTOS, JANE M. (Ed.) AIR POLLUTION CONFERENCE BRAZIL; COMMUNITY MODELING AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM SOUTH AMERICA, 4th, July 22-24, 2019, Belo Horizonte, MG. Proceedings... Belo Horizonte, MG: SEAD, Treinamentos e Coaching, 2019. p. 319-324.

    Abstract: The study of atmospheric aerosols contributes to the understanding of radiative forcing and global warming. In addition, aerosols may influence atmospheric chemistry, visibility, precipitation and human health. Since 2016, Natal (capital of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil) has a Sun-photometer (CIMEL) of the RIMA-AERONET network that can identify the presence of biomass burning aerosols and desert dust from Africa. For this identification, it is aimed to characterize the optical properties of these aerosols present in the atmosphere of Natal. The level 1.5 data (version 3) provided by AERONET provide information on some aerosol characteristics such as Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), Ångström Exponent (α), Single Scattering Albedo (SSA), Asymmetry Factor (g), Complex Refractive Index (N) and Volume Size Distribution (VSD). The analysis period was from August 2017 to March 2018. Aerosols were classified according to global climatologies and their optical properties were described. In addition, backward trajectories were modeled using the HYSPLIT model (version 4.8) to identify the predominant air masses origins. Aerosols present in the atmospheric column of Natal showed monthly mean AOD (500 nm)in the range of 0.10 to 0.(representing ~40%), monthly means of α (440-670 nm)between 0.6 and 0.8 (representing 30%), bimodal VSD with dominant coarse mode, SSA (440 nm) about 0.80, real part around 1.500, imaginary part ranging from 0.0125 to 0.0437 and g above 0.74. The classification showed mixed (60.4%), marine (30.7%) and mineral dust (8.9%) aerosols. The backward trajectories identified that, in about 51% of the cases, are originated from Africa.

    Palavras-Chave: satellite atmospheres; photometers; optical radar; atmospheres; optical properties; dusts; environment; environmental impacts; biomass; climatic change

  • IPEN-DOC 27704

    OLIVEIRA, DANIEL C.F. dos S.; MONTILLA-ROSERO, ELENA; LOPES, FABIO J. da S. ; MORAIS, FERNANDO G. ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; HOELZEMANN, JUDITH J.. Aerosol properties in the atmosphere of Natal/Brazil measured by an AERONET Sun-photometer. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, v. 28, n. 8, p. 9806-9823, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11373-z

    Abstract: We analyzed data measured by a Sun-photometer of the RIMA-AERONET network with the purpose to characterize the aerosol properties in the atmosphere over Natal, state capital of Rio Grande do Norte, at the coast of Northeast Brazil. Aerosol Optical Depth, Ångström Exponent, Volume Size Distribution, Single Scattering Albedo, Complex Refractive Index, Asymmetry Factor, and Precipitable Water were analyzed from August 2017 to March 2018. In addition, MODIS and CALIOP observations, local Lidar measurements, and modeled backward trajectories were analyzed in a case study on February 9, 2018, that consistently confirmed the identification of a persistent aerosol layer below 4 km agl. Aerosols present in the atmosphere of Natal showed monthly mean Aerosol Optical Depth at 500 nm below 0.15 (~ 75%), monthly means of the Ångström Exponent at 440–670 nm between 0.30 and 0.70 (~ 69%), bimodal Volume Size Distribution is dominantly coarse mode, Single Scattering Albedo at 440 nm is 0.80, Refractive Index - Real Part around 1.50, Refractive Index - Imaginary Part ranging from 0.01 to 0.04, and the Asymmetry Factor ranged from 0.73 to 0.80. The aerosol typing during the measurement period showed that atmospheric aerosol over Natal is mostly composed of mixed aerosol (58.10%), marine aerosol (34.80%), mineral dust (6.30%), and biomass burning aerosols (0.80%). Backward trajectories identified that 51% of the analyzed air masses over Natal originated from the African continent.

    Palavras-Chave: satellite atmospheres; sun; photometers; optical radar; optical systems; aerial monitoring; atmospheres; optical properties; dusts; environment; environmental impacts; physical properties; biomass; brazil; africa; climatic change

  • IPEN-DOC 26403

    OLIVEIRA, ALINE M. de; SOUZA, CRISTINA T.; OLIVEIRA, NARA P.M. de; MELO, ALINE K.S.; LOPES, FABIO J.S. ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; ELBERN, HENDRIK; HOELZEMANN, JUDITH J.. Analysis of atmospheric aerosol optical properties in the northeast Brazilian atmosphere with remote sensing data from MODIS and CALIOP/CALIPSO satellites, AERONET photometers and a ground-based Lidar. Atmosphere, v. 10, n. 10, p. 1-22, 2019. DOI: 10.3390/atmos10100594

    Abstract: A 12-year analysis, from 2005 to 2016, of atmospheric aerosol optical properties focusing for the first time on Northeast Brazil (NEB) was performed based on four di erent remote sensing datasets: the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), the Cloud-Aerosol LIDAR with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) and a ground-based Lidar from Natal. We evaluated and identified distinct aerosol types, considering Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Angström Exponent (AE). All analyses show that over the NEB, a low aerosol scenario prevails, while there are two distinct seasons of more elevated AOD that occur every year, from August to October and January to March. According to MODIS, AOD values ranges from 0.04 to 0.52 over the region with a mean of 0.20 and occasionally isolated outliers of up to 1.21. Aerosol types were identified as sea spray, biomass burning, and dust aerosols mostly transported from tropical Africa. Three case studies on days with elevated AOD were performed. All cases identified the same aerosol types and modeled HYSPLIT backward trajectories confirmed their source-dependent origins. This analysis is motivated by the implementation of an atmospheric chemistry model with an advanced data assimilation system that will use the observational database over NEB with the model to overcome high uncertainties in the model results induced by still unvalidated emission inventories.

    Palavras-Chave: aerosols; aerosol monitoring; optical radar; dusts; datasets; satellites; atmospherics; meteorology; optical properties; brazil; atmospheric circulation

  • IPEN-DOC 14548

    SCAPIN, VALDIRENE de O. . Avaliacao da contaminacao por elementos inorganicos e esteres ftalicos em poeira domestica da regiao metropolitana de Sao Paulo / Assessment of contamination for inorganic elements and phthalate esters in household dust from the metropolitan region of São Paulo . 2009. Tese (Doutoramento) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, Sao Paulo. 196 p. Orientador: Ivone Mulako Sato. DOI: 10.11606/T.85.2009.tde-22092011-140712

    Abstract: A poeira doméstica tem sido identificada como um importante vetor de exposição por substâncias inorgânicas e orgânicas, potencialmente tóxicas, em crianças e adultos. A composição da poeira tem uma forte influência de contaminantes provenientes de ambientes internos e externos. Durante o uso normal ou por intempéries, de uma variedade de artefatos e materiais, as substâncias químicas são desincorporadas para o meio ambiente. Uma vez liberadas, elas tendem a se acumular e enriquecer na poeira doméstica; e por meio de exposição contínua (mecanismos de inalação, ingestão e contato direto com a pele) afeta a saúde humana. Neste trabalho, foi realizada uma avaliação da contaminação por constituintes inorgânicos e ésteres ftálicos em poeira doméstica; e a correlação com as prováveis fontes antropogênicas. As amostras de poeira foram coletadas de 69 residências, nos bairros Pirituba, Freguesia do Ó, Jaraguá e Perus, da região metropolitana de São Paulo, entre 2006 e 2008. As amostras foram separadas nas frações: 850, 850-300, 300-150, 150-75, 75- 63 e <63 &mu;m. A análise por fluorescência de raios X (WDXRF) mostrou a presença de Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr e Pb. A análise por cromatografia de fase gasosa acoplada o espectrômetro de massa (GCMS) a presença de ésteres ftálicos (DEHP, DnBP, DEP, DEHA, BBP e DMP). A partir do fator de enriquecimento (FE), os elementos P, S, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn e Pb foram classificados como sendo significantemente e extremamente enriquecidos na poeira. As contribuições naturais e antropogênicas foram identificadas por meio de ferramentas estatísticas como análise de fatores (AF) e cluster (AC). Os elementos Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn e Pb foram encontrados em concentrações significativamente elevadas com relação aos valores de exposição total (ingestão, inalação e contato dérmico) e de risco.

    Palavras-Chave: brazil; dusts; households; contamination; inorganic compounds; phthalates; esters; indoor air contamination

  • IPEN-DOC 24738

    GUEDES, ANDERSON G.; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; MONTILLA-ROSERO, ELENA; LOPES, FABIO J.S. ; HOELZEMANN, JUDITH J.; FERNANDEZ, JOSE H.; SILVA, MARCOS P.A.; SANTOS, RENATA S.S.; GUERRERO-RASCADO, JUAN L.; ALADOS-ARBOLEDAS, LUCAS. Detection of saharan mineral dust aerosol transport over brazilian northeast through a depolarization lidar. EPJ Web of Conferences, v. 176, n. 05036, p. 1-4, 2018. DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817605036

    Abstract: In this study we present results of linear volume depolarization ratio profiles obtained by a depolarization lidar in operation in Natal, Brazil. The DUSTER system has 4 channels, namely: 1064, 532 s/p and 355 nm. This system is calibrated with a half-wave plate using the Δ90° methodology. The data obtained from this system is correlated with AERONET sunphotometer data, and, when available, CALIPSO satellite data. In addition a trajectory model (HYSPLIT) is used to calculate backward trajectories to assess the origin of the dust polluted air parcels. The objective is to create a transport database of Saharan dust.

    Palavras-Chave: dusts; aerosols; aerosol monitoring; satellite atmospheres; depolarization; optical radar; brazil; deserts; minerals; africa

  • IPEN-DOC 26653

    BENAVENT-OLTRA, JOSE A.; ROMAN, ROBERTO; CASQUERO-VERA, JUAN A.; PEREZ-RAMIREZ, DANIEL; LYAMANI, HASSAN; ORTIZ-AMEZCUA, PABLO; BEDOYA-VELASQUEZ, ANDRES E.; MOREIRA, GREGORI de A. ; BARRETO, AFRICA; LOPATIN, ANTON; FUERTES, DAVID; HERRERA, MILAGROS; TORRES, BENJAMIN; DUBOVIK, OLEG; GUERRERO-RASCADO, JUAN L.; GOLOUB, PHILIPPE; OLMO-REYES, FRANCISCO J.; ALADOS-ARBOLEDAS, LUCAS. Different strategies to retrieve aerosol properties at night-time with the GRASP algorithm. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, v. 19, n. 22, p. 14149-14171, 2019. DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-14149-2019

    Abstract: This study evaluates the potential of the GRASP algorithm (Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) to retrieve continuous day-to-night aerosol properties, both column-integrated and vertically resolved. The study is focused on the evaluation of GRASP retrievals during an intense Saharan dust event that occurred during the Sierra Nevada Lidar aerOsol Profiling Experiment I (SLOPE I) field campaign. For daytime aerosol retrievals, we combined the measurements of the ground-based lidar from EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) station and sun–sky photometer from AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network), both instruments co-located in Granada (Spain). However, for night-time retrievals three different combinations of active and passive remote-sensing measurements are proposed. The first scheme (N0) uses lidar night-time measurements in combination with the interpolation of sun–sky daytime measurements. The other two schemes combine lidar night-time measurements with nighttime aerosol optical depth obtained by lunar photometry either using intensive properties of the aerosol retrieved during sun–sky daytime measurements (N1) or using the Moon aureole radiance obtained by sky camera images (N2). Evaluations of the columnar aerosol properties retrieved by GRASP are done versus standard AERONET retrievals. The coherence of day-to-night evolutions of the different aerosol properties retrieved by GRASP is also studied. The extinction coefficient vertical profiles retrieved by GRASP are compared with the profiles calculated by the Raman technique at night-time with differences below 30% for all schemes at 355, 532 and 1064 nm. Finally, the volume concentration and scattering coefficient retrieved by GRASP at 2500ma.s.l. are evaluated by in situ measurements at this height at Sierra Nevada Station. The differences between GRASP and in situ measurements are similar for the different schemes, with differences below 30% for both volume concentration and scattering coefficient. In general, for the scattering coefficient, the GRASP N0 and N1 show better results than the GRASP N2 schemes, while for volume concentration, GRASP N2 shows the lowest differences against in situ measurements (around 10 %) for high aerosol optical depth values.

    Palavras-Chave: algorithms; aerosol monitoring; surface properties; dusts; optical properties; optical radar; deserts; aerosol wastes; raman effect

  • IPEN-DOC 22796

    LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; LOPES, FABIO J.S. ; MONTILLA, ELENA; GUEDES, ANDERSON G.; HOELZEMANN, JUDITH J.; FERNANDEZ, JOSE H.; ALADOS-ARBOLEDAS, LUCAS; GUERRERO-RASCADO, JUAN L.. DUSTER lidar: Transatlantic transport of aerosol particles from the Sahara and other sources: rst results from the recently installed lidar and sunphotometer in Natal/Brazil. In: SINGH, UPENDRA N. (Ed.); NICOLAE, DOINA N. (Ed.) LIDAR TECHNOLOGIES, TECHNIQUES, AND MEASUREMENTS FOR ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE SENSING, 12., October 24, 2016, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Proceedings... Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers, 2016. (SPIE Proceedings Series, 10006).

    Abstract: The lidar confederative network for monitoring optical properties of aerosol on Latin America, LALINET, faces an important challenger to cover a large area of Latin America with so few lidar systems. Currently in Brazil there are only three operative lidar systems, two operating on Southeastern region and other on North region of Brazil. Taking into accounting the large dimension of Brazilian territory there is a lack of lidar system monitoring in several regions. In 2014 Laser Environmental Application Laboratory (LEAL) at Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN) together with Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), have started the rst e orts to install a depolarization lidar system at the city of Natal-RN (5o5002900 S ,35o1105700 W, 0 m asl), in the Northeast region of Brazil. This new lidar station intends to be in the future integrated to the LALINET network, and has as a rst aim to detect and to identify aerosol layers from Saharan dust and biomass burning type arriving from African continent. To examine these transports it is paramount to have a temporally and spatially well resolved observational platforms, which will be able to describe with accuracy the transport patterns followed by these aerosol layers over the Atlantic. To yield a good coverage based on the previously mentioned requirements satellite-based platforms are very well suited, but unless a geostationary system is provided a reasonable temporal representativeness may not be achieved. Our current study is devoted to the rst results aiming to detect and identify aerosol layers arriving over the Northeastern region of the South American continent, with a lidar and a sun-photometer recently installed in the city of Natal. Here we present the rst aerosol observation results with the lidar system and the sunphotometer carried out from January through May 2016 with the indication of potential dust and other-type aerosol layers through some backscatter pro les.

    Palavras-Chave: aerosols; dusts; depolarization; transport; optical radar; africa; photometers; deserts

  • IPEN-DOC 14966

    SCAPIN, VALDIRENE O.; SCAPIN, MARCOS A. ; SALVADOR, VERA L.R. ; SATO, IVONE M. . Evaluation of uncertainty sources for the determination of inorganic elements in residual indoor dust by WDXRF. In: CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE RASTREABILIDADE EM MEDICOES LABORATORIAIS E CADEIAS PRODUTIVAS, 5., 11-13 de novembro, 2009, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2009.

    Palavras-Chave: residential buildings; dusts; indoor air contamination; inorganic compounds; toxicity; x-ray fluorescence analysis; validation

  • IPEN-DOC 15490

    SCAPIN, V.O.; SCAPIN, M.A. ; SATO, I.M. . House dust metal determination by WDXRF technique. In: SEMINARIO LATIONOAMERICANO DE ANALISIS POR TECNICAS DE RAYOS X, 10., November 20-24, 2006, Arica, Chile. Proceedings... 2006.

    Palavras-Chave: households; dusts; indoor air pollution; metals; x-ray fluorescence analysis

  • IPEN-DOC 12113

    SCAPIN, MARCOS A. ; SCAPIN, VALDIRENE O.; SATO, IVONE M. . Household dust metal levels in the Sao Paulo metropolitan area. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE; MEETING ON NUCLEAR APPLICATIONS, 8th/ MEETING ON REACTOR PHYSICS AND THERMAL HYDRAULICS, 15th, Sept. 30 - Oct. 5, 2007, Santos, SP. Proceedings... Sao Paulo: ABEN, 2007, 2007.

    Palavras-Chave: chemical composition; dusts; households; indoor air pollution; metals; urban areas; x-ray fluorescence analysis

  • IPEN-DOC 25579

    NORY, RENATA M. . Identificação de fontes de contaminação urbana em poeiras de túneis da cidade de São Paulo por meio de caracterização elementar e isotópica / Urban contamination sources in tunnel dusts from São Paulo city: elemental and isotopic characterization . 2018. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 190 p. Orientador: Ana Maria Graciano Figueiredo. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2019.tde-08022019-112203

    Abstract: Neste trabalho, foram analisadas poeiras coletadas em dois túneis da cidade de São Paulo os túneis Jânio Quadros (JQ) e do Complexo Viário Maria Maluf (MM) com vistas à sua caracterização elementar e isotópica, afim de identificar as prováveis fontes dos elementos encontrados e de estimar a contaminação desses ambientes por elementos potencialmente tóxicos à saúde humana. As poeiras foram coletadas no verão e no inverno de 2017, segundo metodologia já descrita na literatura, das porções de entrada e saída (túnel MM) e da calçada de pedestres e da pista de rodagem (túnel JQ). As amostras coletadas foram secas e fracionadas em três frações granulométricas: 2 mm, 150 μm e 63 μm. As concentrações elementares foram determinadas por INAA e por GFAAS para 28 elementos e, a caracterização isotópica, por TIMS (Pb) e por MC-ICP-MS (Zn). A análise isotópica de Pb indicou origem predominantemente veicular para esse elemento, incluindo a exaustão. Para o Zn, a análise indicou origem veicular, mas não proveniente da exaustão. A análise estatística demonstrou a presença, em ambos os túneis, de uma fonte formada por elementos de origem geológica natural (elementos terras raras, U e Th), e de fontes de origem veicular: Pb e V são apontados como resultantes da queima de combustíveis fósseis; Pb e Ti como originários das tintas de demarcação viária; Sb, Ba e Zn como originários do desgaste de freios; e Zn como originário também do desgaste de estruturas de aço e de pneus. Os elementos associados ao tráfego veicular apresentaram-se significativamente enriquecidos no ambiente, sendo que as frações mais finas apresentaram as maiores concentrações, o que dá origem a preocupações com relação à saúde humana, visto serem essas frações altamente inaláveis.

    Palavras-Chave: isotropy; isotope ratio; isotope effects; furnaces; grafite; absorption spectroscopy; neutron activation analysis; dusts; dust collectors; sample preparation; contamination; detection; tunnel; urban areas; lead; vanadium oxides; zinc; titanium; air pollution control

  • IPEN-DOC 16202

    SCAPIN, VALDIRENE O.; SCAPIN, MARCOS A. ; SATO, IVONE M. . Multi-element analysis of indoor dust by WDXRF using the FP method. In: EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON X-RAY SPECTROMETRY, June 20-25, 2010, Coimbra, Portugal. Abstract... 2010. p. 322.

    Palavras-Chave: indoor air contamination; dusts; multi-element analysis; x-ray fluorescence analysis

  • IPEN-DOC 19738

    GUERRERO RASCADO, J.L.; LOPES, F.J.S.; LANDULFO, E. ; ALADOS ARBOLEDAS, L.. On the study of Saharan mineral dust over Latin America: the complexity of aerosol typing at São Paulo. In: WORKSHOP ON LIDAR MEASUREMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA, 7th, November 11-16, 2013, Pucón, Chile. Abstract... 2013. p. 51.

    Palavras-Chave: remote sensing; satellites; aerosols; optical radar; minerals; dusts; africa; deserts; latin america

  • IPEN-DOC 18959

    SCAPIN, V.O.; SCAPIN, M.A. ; BUSTILLOS, J.O.W.V.; SATO, I.M. ; OZAWA, K.S.. Phthalate esters determination by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in Brazilian house dust. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR ANALYTICAL METHODS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES, 9th, September 7-12, 2008, Lisbon, Portugal. Abstract... 2008. p. A062.

    Palavras-Chave: brazil; households; dusts; phthalic acid esters; indoors; contamination; organic compounds; gas chromatography; mass spectroscopy

  • IPEN-DOC 22603

    GERAB, FABIO ; ARTAXO, PAULO; GILLETT, R.; AYERS, G.. PIXE, PIGE and ion chromatography of aerosol particles from northeast Amazon Basin. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B - Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, v. 136, p. 955-960, 1998. DOI: 10.1016/S0168-583X(97)00887-2

    Abstract: Characterization of atmospheric aerosols collected in the northeast part of the Amazon Basin is presented. The main aerosol source in that region is the forest natural biogenic emission. The aerosol samples were collected using stacked filter units, and were analyzed applying several analytical techniques: Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) for the quantitative analysis of trace elements with 2 > 1 I; Particle Induced Gamma-ray Emission (PIGE) for the quantitative analysis of Na; Ion Chromatography (IC) was used to quantify ionic contents of aerosols from the fine mode particulate samples. A reflectance technique was used in order to measure black carbon concentrations; Gravimetric analysis was used in order to determine the total atmospheric aerosol mass concentration. The comparison from PIXE and IC concentration measurements for S. K and Ca techniques were in an excellent agreement. A good agreement was also obtained for Na concentrations measured by PIGE and IC techniques. Multivariate statistical analysis was used in order to identify and characterize the sources of the atmospheric aerosol present in the sampled region. The Serra do Navio aerosol is characterized by biogenic emissions. responsible for the majority of the total fine mass concentration. A strong marine influence was also noted. Soil dust is also an important aerosol source in that region.

    Palavras-Chave: gamma radiation; x-ray emission analysis; chromatography; aerosols; amazon river; gravimetric analysis; dusts; sedimentary basins

  • IPEN-DOC 24089

    NORY, RENATA M. ; FIGUEIREDO, ANA M.G. . Rare earth elements, U and Th in tunnel dusts of São Paulo City, Brazil. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 22-27, 2017, Belo Horizonte, MG. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2017.

    Abstract: São Paulo is one of the most populated cities in the world, with about 20 million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, more than 12 million motor vehicles and intense industrial activity. Given its importance as a major urban center in South America and the lack of information concerning urban dust composition, the present study aimed to determine rare earth elements (REEs), U and Th mass fractions in tunnel dust, collected in the Jânio Quadros Tunnel, and to assess their possible sources. The study of REEs distribution in urban environments has become of interest over the last decades, due to the increasing industrial use of these elements. The REEs, that are as common as the most familiar metals, are found in metallurgical additives, fluid cracking catalysts and automobile converter catalysts, among other applications. In this study, which employed Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) as analytical technique, the mass fractions of eight REEs were determined and normalized to the chondrite concentration values. The results showed that major concentrations were found for light REEs, following the sequence Ce > La > Nd > Sm > Yb > Eu > Tb > Lu. The pattern of the results pointed to a natural origin for these elements. Regarding U and Th concentrations, the results varied between 1.0 – 9.4 μg g-1 and 3.3 – 35.9 μg g-1, respectively. Since there is almost no information about the concentration of these elements in this kind of matrix in São Paulo city, these data are important to support further investigations.

    Palavras-Chave: chondrites; concentration ratio; dusts; neutron activation analysis; rare earths; thorium; tunnels; uranium; urban areas

  • IPEN-DOC 26501

    SOUPIONA, O.; SAMARAS, S.; ORTIZ-AMEZCUA, P.; BOCKMANN, C.; PAPAYANNIS, A.; MOREIRA, G.A. ; BENAVENT-OLTRA, J.A.; GUERRERO-RASCADO, J.L.; BEDOYA-VELASQUEZ, A.E.; OLMO, F.J.; ROMAN, R.; KOKKALIS, P.; MYLONAKI, M.; ALADOS-ARBOLEDAS, L.; PAPANIKOLAOU, C.A.; FOSKINIS, R.. Retrieval of optical and microphysical properties of transported Saharan dust over Athens and Granada based on multi-wavelength Raman lidar measurements: study of the mixing processes. Atmospheric Environment, v. 214, p. 1-15, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116824

    Abstract: In this paper we extract the aerosol microphysical properties for a collection of mineral dust cases measured by multi-wavelength depolarization Raman lidar systems located at the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA, Athens, Greece) and the Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA, Granada, Spain). The lidar-based retrievals were carried out with the Spheroidal Inversion eXperiments software tool (SphInX) developed at the University of Potsdam (Germany). The software uses regularized inversion of a two-dimensional enhancement of the Mie model based on the spheroid-particle approximation with the aspect ratio determining the particle shape. The selection of the cases was based on the transport time from the source regions to the measuring sites. The aerosol optical depth as measured by AERONET ranged from 0.27 to 0.54 (at 500 nm) depending on the intensity of each event. Our analysis showed the hourly mean particle linear depolarization ratio and particle lidar ratio values at 532 nm ranging from 11 to 34% and from 42 to 79 sr respectively, depending on the mixing status, the corresponding air mass pathways and their transport time. Cases with shorter transport time showed good agreement in terms of the optical and SphInXretrieved microphysical properties between Athens and Granada providing a complex refractive index value equal to 1.4 + 0.004i. On the other hand, the results for cases with higher transport time deviated from the aforementioned ones as well as from each other, providing, in particular, an imaginary part of the refractive index ranging from 0.002 to 0.005. Reconstructions of two-dimensional shape-size distributions for each selected layer showed that the dominant effective particle shape was prolate with diverse spherical contributions. The retrieved volume concentrations reflect overall the intensity of the episodes.

    Palavras-Chave: aerosols; minerals; dusts; aerial monitoring; deserts; optical radar; depolarization; computer codes; aerosol monitoring

  • IPEN-DOC 28963

    MORAIS, FERNANDO G. ; FRANCO, MARCO A.; BARBOSA, HENRIQUE M.J.; JORGE, FABIO; ARTAXO, PAULO; LANDULFO, EDUARDO . Seasonal analysis of Brown Carbon, Black Carbon and Dust at Central Amazonia with Ångström Matrices. In: WORKSHOP ON LIDAR MEASUREMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA, 11th, October 19-22, 2021, Punta Arenas, Chile. Abstract... Punta Arenas, Chile: Universidad de Magallanes, 2021. p. 24-24.

    Abstract: Aerosol optical properties are an important and direct way to understand and quantify the seasonal effects of the Amazonian aerosol by means of the intensive optical properties: absorption and scattering Ångström exponent. AERONET photometers measure the aerosol optical properties and associated with a set of algorithms, obtain information of the aerosol physical characteristics such as the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and the absorption aerosol optical depth (AAOD) almost in real time. For the last 22 years, those properties have been measured at several AERONET sites using CIMEL sun photometers in Amazon. Measurements were done in Central Amazonia (Manaus and ATTO tower), as well as in the deforestation arc: Rio Branco, Cuiabá, Ji-Paraná, and Alta Floresta, and results have shown important geographical and seasonal variability in terms of aerosol impacts. We can access the seasonal Brown Carbon, Black Carbon, and Dust calculating the Ångström matrix with absorption and scattering Ångström exponent. We observe a clear separation between dry and wet season, and in the later, also a period in which Dust comes from Saara (mostly between January to April). Therefore, it was possible to observe Brown Carbon (BrC) in addition to Black Carbon (BC), which is responsible for 12% of the AAOD of aerosols at 440nm in the deforestation arc in sites that are about 1000 km apart and show consistency very good. As for pristine sites, such as the ATTO site, the contribution of BrC is 25% in relation to the AAOD at 440nm where we have very little human interference.

    Palavras-Chave: aerosols; carbon black; amazon river; dusts

  • IPEN-DOC 29626

    XIAO, DA; WANG, NANCHAO; CHEN, SIJIE; WU, LINGYUN; MULLER, DETLEF; VESELOVSKII, IGOR; LI, CHENGCAI; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; SIVAKUMAR, VENKATARAMAN; LI, JING; CHE, HUIZHENG; FANG, JING; ZHANG, KAI; WANG, BINYU; CHEN, FEITONG; HU, XIANZHE; LI, XIAOTAO; LI, WEIZE; TONG, YICHENG; KE, JU; WU, LAN; LIU, CHONG; LIU, DONG. Simultaneous profiling of dust aerosol mass concentration and optical properties with polarized high-spectral-resolution lidar. Science of the Total Environment, v. 872, p. 1-13, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162091

    Abstract: Dust particles originating from arid desert regions can be transported over long distances, presenting severe risks to climate, environment, social economics, and human health at the source and downwind regions. However, there has been a dearth of continuous diurnal observations of vertically resolved mass concentration and optical properties of dust aerosols, which hinders our understanding of aerosol mixing, stratification, aerosol-cloud interactions, and their impacts on the environment. To fill the gap of the insufficient observations, to the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) observation providing days of continuous profiles of the mass concentration, along with particle linear depolarization ratio (PLDR), backscattering coefficient, extinction coefficient and lidar ratio (LR), simultaneously. We present the results of two strong dust events observed by HSRL over Beijing in 2021. The maximum particle mass concentrations reached (1.52 ± 3.5) x103 μg/m3 and (19.48 ± 0.36) x103 μg/m3 for the two dust events, respectively. The retrieved particle mass concentrations and aerosol optical depth (AOD) agree well with the observation from the surface PM10 concentrations and sun photometer with correlation coefficients of 0.90 and 0.95, respectively. The intensive properties of PLDR and LR of the dust aerosols are 0.31 ± 0.02 and 39 ± 7 sr at 532 nm, respectively, which are generally close to those obtained from observations in the downwind areas. Moreover, inspired by the observations from HSRL, a universal analytical relationship is discovered to evaluate the proportion of dust aerosol backscattering, extinction, AOD, and mass concentration using PLDR. The universal analytical relationship reveals that PLDR can directly quantify dust aerosol contribution, which is expected to further expand the application of polarization technology in dust detection. These valuable observations and findings further our understanding of the contribution of dust aerosol to the environment and help supplement dust aerosol databases.

    Palavras-Chave: dusts; aerosols; particles; optical radar; environmental impacts

  • IPEN-DOC 24745

    LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; LOPES, FABIO ; RISTORI, PABLO; QUEL, EDUARDO; OTERO, LIDIA; FORNO, RICARDO; SANCHEZ, MARIA F.; BARBOSA, HENRIQUE; GOUVEIA, DIEGO; SANTOS, AMANDA V.; BASTIDAS, ALVARO; NISPERUZA, DANIEL. South american aerosol tracking - LALINET. EPJ Web of Conferences, v. 176, n. 09009, p. 1-4, 2018. DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817609009

    Abstract: LALINET lidar stations were used to track down aerosols generated over Amazon region and transported over the continent. These data were merged with collocated Aeronet stations in order to help in their identification together with HYSPLIT simulations. The results show potential indication of how aerosol can age in their long transport over regions South and Westward from the source areas by change of their optical properties.

    Palavras-Chave: dusts; aerosols; aerosol monitoring; satellite atmospheres; optical radar; amazon river; monitoring; information systems

A pesquisa no RD utiliza os recursos de busca da maioria das bases de dados. No entanto algumas dicas podem auxiliar para obter um resultado mais pertinente.

É possível efetuar a busca de um autor ou um termo em todo o RD, por meio do Buscar no Repositório , isto é, o termo solicitado será localizado em qualquer campo do RD. No entanto esse tipo de pesquisa não é recomendada a não ser que se deseje um resultado amplo e generalizado.

A pesquisa apresentará melhor resultado selecionando um dos filtros disponíveis em Navegar

Os filtros disponíveis em Navegar tais como: Coleções, Ano de publicação, Títulos, Assuntos, Autores, Revista, Tipo de publicação são autoexplicativos. O filtro, Autores IPEN apresenta uma relação com os autores vinculados ao IPEN; o ID Autor IPEN diz respeito ao número único de identificação de cada autor constante no RD e sob o qual estão agrupados todos os seus trabalhos independente das variáveis do seu nome; Tipo de acesso diz respeito à acessibilidade do documento, isto é , sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, ID RT apresenta a relação dos relatórios técnicos, restritos para consulta das comunidades indicadas.

A opção Busca avançada utiliza os conectores da lógica boleana, é o melhor recurso para combinar chaves de busca e obter documentos relevantes à sua pesquisa, utilize os filtros apresentados na caixa de seleção para refinar o resultado de busca. Pode-se adicionar vários filtros a uma mesma busca.

Exemplo:

Buscar os artigos apresentados em um evento internacional de 2015, sobre loss of coolant, do autor Maprelian.

Autor: Maprelian

Título: loss of coolant

Tipo de publicação: Texto completo de evento

Ano de publicação: 2015

Para indexação dos documentos é utilizado o Thesaurus do INIS, especializado na área nuclear e utilizado em todos os países membros da International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA , por esse motivo, utilize os termos de busca de assunto em inglês; isto não exclui a busca livre por palavras, apenas o resultado pode não ser tão relevante ou pertinente.

95% do RD apresenta o texto completo do documento com livre acesso, para aqueles que apresentam o significa que e o documento está sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, solicita-se nesses casos contatar a Biblioteca do IPEN, bibl@ipen.br .

Ao efetuar a busca por um autor o RD apresentará uma relação de todos os trabalhos depositados no RD. No lado direito da tela são apresentados os coautores com o número de trabalhos produzidos em conjunto bem como os assuntos abordados e os respectivos anos de publicação agrupados.

O RD disponibiliza um quadro estatístico de produtividade, onde é possível visualizar o número dos trabalhos agrupados por tipo de coleção, a medida que estão sendo depositados no RD.

Na página inicial nas referências são sinalizados todos os autores IPEN, ao clicar nesse símbolo será aberta uma nova página correspondente à aquele autor – trata-se da página do pesquisador.

Na página do pesquisador, é possível verificar, as variações do nome, a relação de todos os trabalhos com texto completo bem como um quadro resumo numérico; há links para o Currículo Lattes e o Google Acadêmico ( quando esse for informado).

ATENÇÃO!

ESTE TEXTO "AJUDA" ESTÁ SUJEITO A ATUALIZAÇÕES CONSTANTES, A MEDIDA QUE NOVAS FUNCIONALIDADES E RECURSOS DE BUSCA FOREM SENDO DESENVOLVIDOS PELAS EQUIPES DA BIBLIOTECA E DA INFORMÁTICA.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

1. Portaria IPEN-CNEN/SP nº 387, que estabeleceu os princípios que nortearam a criação do RDI, clique aqui.


2. A experiência do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) na criação de um Repositório Digital Institucional – RDI, clique aqui.

O Repositório Digital do IPEN é um equipamento institucional de acesso aberto, criado com o objetivo de reunir, preservar, disponibilizar e conferir maior visibilidade à Produção Científica publicada pelo Instituto, desde sua criação em 1956.

Operando, inicialmente como uma base de dados referencial o Repositório foi disponibilizado na atual plataforma, em junho de 2015. No Repositório está disponível o acesso ao conteúdo digital de artigos de periódicos, eventos, nacionais e internacionais, livros, capítulos, dissertações, teses e relatórios técnicos.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.