IPEN: Recent submissions

  • IPEN-DOC 29186

    PARRA, DUCLERC F. . Effect of silver nanoparticles on the stability of epoxy resin Bis GMA composite. In: BRAZIL MRS MEETING, 20th, September 25-29, 2022, Foz do Iguaçu, PR. Abstract... São Carlos, SP: Aptor Software, 2022.

    Abstract: Many authors have been trying to develop materials with antimicrobial activity and apply them to different segments of Dentistry. Biocompatibility and significant antimicrobial activity encourage the use of silver nanoparticles in biomaterials. The aim of this study was to develop an experimental resin composite based on Bis-GMA and TEGDMA filled with silver nanoparticles at a concentration of 100ppm in order to verify its antibacterial activity againstStreptococcus mutans. Synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis (Visible Ultraviolet Spectroscopy), DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), microbiological test, and XRD (X-ray Diffraction) techniques. Final experimental composites were characterized by TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), RAMAN (Raman Spectroscopy), and a direct contact antibacterial test. Results showed nanoparticles with approximately 5 nm and crystalline orientation. Silver nanoparticles interfere in the polymerization process affecting the thermal stability of the material.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29185

    RODRIGUES, ALEX A. ; CORTEZ, MARLOS ; MASCARENHAS, NEIDE F. ; REIS, ISMARIA S. ; LIMA, MAYELLE M.P. ; GODOI, ELIANA L. ; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. . Análise histórica das atividades do biotério Nanci do Nascimento (IPEN): prospecção para inovação e otimização dos principios dos 3 R’s. In: EXPOBIOTERIOS HYBRID, September 29-30, 2022, Medellín, Colombia. Abstract... 2022.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29184

    MARCELO, LARISSA A. ; ROSSI, JESUALDO L. ; LARA, JOSE A.C. ; MUCSI, CRISTIANO S. . Analysis of Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) on 22MnB5 material after hot stamping for automotive applications (B-pillar). In: SIMPÓSIO INTERNACIONAL DE ENGENHARIA AUTOMOTIVA, 28th, March 17-18, 2021, Online. Proceedings... São Paulo, SP: Blucher, 2021. p. 157-161. DOI: 10.5151/simea2021-PAP37

    Abstract: One of the major concerns that arose in recent years within the automotive industry has been making cars sustainable, safe and economic. One of the ways to solve this equation is to use lighter materials that reduce the weight of vehicles and increase the energy absorption mainly on the B-pillar. This paper aims to study the RSW cycle of the welding parameter known as P1. The parameter were defined to reach the maximum load during the tensile test according to the norm AWS D8.9. The test samples were assembled with a GAP to reproduce real vehicle welding conditions, and the parameter P1 weld 22MnB5 steel samples with heat treatment, known as Press Hardening Steel (PHS). The influence of these parameters on the PHS mechanical properties was evaluated with Vickers hardness test (HV), metallographic technique, conducting ultrasonic and tensile test. The results confirmed the difference at the Heat affected zone (HAZ) mechanical strength over fusion zone. It was possible to visualize a softening region in the HAZ and increasing to the weld point, which is demonstrated in the microstructural analysis and thus justifies the detachment of the weld button of the base material in tensile test. Keywords: PHS, HAZ, RSW.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29183

    JESUS, E.R.B.; MUCSI, C.S. ; LARA, J.A.C. ; NOGUEIRA, E.J. ; FURLANETTO, V.; ROSSI, J.L. . Analysis of the mechanical performance of spot welding on PHS 22MnB5 steel. In: ENCONTRO CIENTÍFICO DE FÍSICA APLICADA,12., 20-22 de abril, 2022, Vitória, ES. Anais... Recife, PE: Even3, 2022. DOI: 10.29327/ECFA2022.487309

    Abstract: The hot pressing hardened steel known as “press hardened steel - PHS” is a steel of extreme importance for the automotive industry. The application of this type of steel in the structure of vehicles promotes the improvement of safety, mass reduction and lower fuel consumption. The increase in the use of this type of steel, culminated in the need to deepen knowledge about the joining processes, more specifically about the electrical resistance spot welding process - RSW, which is one of the most used processes in automotive structural construction. The aim of the present work was the evaluation of the autogenous spot weld of 22MnB5 steel hardened through heat treatment in laboratory scale, simulating the cooling rates used during the hot pressing, commonly used in the automotive industrial practice. Welds were made in two different conditions, with welding parameters in a single step (direct welding) and with parameters considering additional pre and post heating steps. Mechanically, the welds were evaluated through the standardized test called tension shear test. The results showed that, according to the American Welding Society - AWS standard, the performance of the welds meets the minimum requirements required for the group of materials in which 22MnB5 falls.

    Palavras-Chave: hardening; steels; automotive industry; welded joints; shear properties; strains; resistance welding; spot welding

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  • IPEN-DOC 29182

    MUNHOZ, PEDRO M. ; NASCIMENTO, FERNANDO C. ; SILVA, LEONARDO G.A. ; GARY, BRUNO C. ; CALVO, WILSON A.P. . Simulation of radiation attenuation in polymer matrix composite with epoxy resin, reinforced with carbon fiber and dispersion of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles. In: SILVA, R.J. da (Ed.); PANZERA, T.H. (Ed.) BRAZILIAN CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS, 6th, August 14-18, 2022, Tiradentes, MG. Proceedings... São João del-Rei, MG: Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, 2022. p. 619-624. DOI: 10.29327/566492

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to simulate gamma radiation attenuation using a polymer matrix composite of an epoxy (DGEBA) resin that was reinforced with carbon fiber cloth fabric and then dispersed with bismuth (III) oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles. The quantitative methodology was used for this simulation with the software Topas MC (version 3.7). The mass ratios of the bismuth (III) oxide nanoparticles in the composite were approximately 0.163, 0.244, 0.325 and 0.407. The photon energy in the simulation was 100 keV, typical X-ray energy in Medical Imaging (Diagnostic Radiography). The mass ratio of 0.407 and the polymer matrix composite at a thickness of 2.29 mm provided 89.03% attenuation of the photon energy. However, for the lead plate, a thickness of 0.34 mm was necessary for similar attenuation. Nonetheless, the fabrication process of a composite plate is easier than that of a lead plate. In conclusion, a composite of an epoxy polymer matrix, with bismuth (III) oxide dispersion, reinforced with carbon fiber, is an excellent option as compared to a lead plate. The composite plate can attenuate photon energy and does not present an acute or chronic danger to the environment or to health. Also, it is non-carcinogenic, and does not cause reproductive toxicity, both clear advantages over lead. Finally, it should be noted that other applications of the composite would be production of an X-ray shield and aerospace industries, among others.

    Palavras-Chave: epoxides; composite materials; carbon fibers; radiation attenuation testing; bismuth oxides; nanoparticles; gamma radiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 29181

    GARY, B.C. ; MARINUCCI, G. ; MUNHOZ, P.M. ; SILVA, L.G.A. . Evaluation of polyester/glass fiber waterproof composite subjected to temperature and acid environment. In: SILVA, R.J. da (Ed.); PANZERA, T.H. (Ed.) BRAZILIAN CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS, 6th, August 14-18, 2022, Tiradentes, MG. Proceedings... São João del-Rei, MG: Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, 2022. p. 300-304. DOI: 10.29327/566492

    Abstract: Polymer composites have a wide range of chemical applications, with strong performance in the paper and cellulose and sugar-alcohol industry due to the chemical resistance such materials offer because of the presence of the polymer matrix. The literature shows that vinyl ester resins offer chemical resistance for these applications, however at a higher price than commercial resins, such as unsaturated polyesters. The aim of this research was to evaluate the chemical resistance of glass fiber reinforced waterproof polyester resin composites (GFPO). Composite was manufactured by hand lay-up and the waterproof polyester specimens were kept immersed in a buffer solution with pH 3 at 70 °C for 150 days. To evaluate the behavior of waterproof polyester composites, flexural tests were performed and compared with properties of the vinyl ester composites. After the chemical resistance test, the GFPO composite presented a Young’s modulus of 6 GPa with a maximum flexural of 100.6 N. In conclusion, a waterproof polyester resin composite can be a good option for applications in corrosive environments where a vinyl ester resin composite would be applied.

    Palavras-Chave: polyesters; fiberglass; resins; composite materials; esters; sealing materials

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  • IPEN-DOC 29180

    RIBEIRO JUNIOR, IBERE S. ; ZAHN, GUILHERME S. ; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. ; DRESCHER, ADAM; LANDSBERGER, SHELDON. On the use of coincidence INAA for selenium determination. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 44., 9-11 de novembro, 2021, Online. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2021.

    Abstract: Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) is a widely used technique applied on the determination of several elements in different matrices. Selenium is one of the elements that can be studied by INAA and its determination is usually performed using one, or both, 136:01 and 264:66 keV transitions from 75Se radioisotope. Se determination by INAA is a case that requires special attention, mainly in virtue of three issues: (i) spectral interferences may occur due to intense gamma rays from 181Hf (136 keV) and 182Ta (264 keV); (ii) in samples with high levels of K and Na, the increased background levels due to Compton effect lead to enlargement of the detection limit; (iii) high concentration of P or any other intense high-energy beta emitter can severely impact the detection below 200{300 keV due to bremsstrahlung radiation. A possible solution for these issues is the use of gamma-gamma coincidence INAA (CINAA), as the 136 and 264 keV transitions are part of a strong gamma-gamma cascade. In this work coincidence measurements of the decay of 75Se were performed to compare the results for Se obtained by conventional INAA and CINAA in biological and geological Certi ed Reference Materials (CRMs). The results show that the use of coincidence can drastically reduce the net/gross ratio, which implies in a reduction of the detection limit for 75Se; furthermore, the results of Se concentration obtained using both methodologies are in agreement with the certi ed values, and both techniques provided accurate results.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29179

    FELIX DOS SANTOS, R.; SERRA FILHO, L.A.; MUNHOZ, M.G.; BREGANT, M.; MORALLES, M. ; SOUZA, F.A. . Performance and optimization of a GEM-based neutron detector using a parameterized fast simulator. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 44., 9-11 de novembro, 2021, Online. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2021.

    Abstract: Neutrons can be detected indirectly through a nuclear reaction where the products are ionizing radiation. Due to the shortage of 3He, most commonly used element for such measurements, several studies are searching alternatives, where the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector using a layer of 10B as a neutron converter is a very promising option. The GEM detectors are a type of Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGD), widely used in particle tracking systems, as the Time Projection Chamber of the ALICE experiment in the LHC-CERN, and proposed for many other applications, including neutron detection. A common strategy to simulate this kind of detector is based on two frameworks: Geant4 and Garfield++. The first one provides the simulation of the nuclear interaction between neutrons and the 10B layer, while the second allows the simulation of the interaction of the reaction products with the detector gas leading to the ionization and excitation of the gas molecules. Given the high ionizing power of this nuclear reaction products, a full simulation is very time consuming and must be optimized to become viable. We developed a fast simulator by means of parameterization strategy based on these two frameworks that allowed us to generate enough data to study an optimized version of this detector aiming for a better position resolution.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29178

    GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. ; ZAHN, GUILHERME S. ; MORALLES, MAURICIO . Opportunities for using the IEA-R1 reactor in nuclear applications. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 44., 9-11 de novembro, 2021, Online. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2021.

    Abstract: The IEA-R1 nuclear research reactor is a pool-type reactor that has been in operation at the Institute for Energy and Nuclear Research, IPEN, at the University of São Paulo-USP main campus since the 1950s. The IEA-R1 reactor, which is Brazil's largest source of neutrons, can be used in a variety of nuclear applications when operating at the maximum power currently allowed, 5 MW. Irradiations in the reactor core aimed at producing radioactive sources and neutron beam studies can both be performed and generate competitive data. Upgrades to the reactor's equipments and a plan to extend the operational cycle to nine days in a row are ongoing. These actions should attract additional customers and create new opportunities for the IEA-R1 in nuclear applications.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29177

    SERRA FILHO, L.A.; FELIX DOS SANTOS, R.; SOUZA, G.G.A. de; BREGANT, M.; MUNHOZ, M.G.; SOUZA, F.A. ; MORALLES, M. ; NATAL DA LUZ, H.. Position sensitive GEM-based thermal neutron detector prototype with 10B4C converter. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 44., 9-11 de novembro, 2021, Online. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2021.

    Abstract: In the last decade, several efforts have been made by the scientific community to find alternatives to 3He, the most effective gas used for thermal neutron detection, which is virtually extinct [1]. Common alternatives make use of isotopes such 157Gd, 10B, and 6Li, due to their high neutron capture cross-section [2]. We present in this work our detector prototype: a 10 cm x 10 cm double GEM stack with an aluminum cathode, coated with a 2:2 μm thick 10B4C layer deposited by the European Spallation Source (ESS). The detector operates under ArCO2 (90/10) open flow at atmospheric pressure. The neutrons are detected through the gas ionization charges created by the outcomes of the 10B(n;α)7Li capture reaction. These charges are collected in a 256x256 strip readout plane produced by CERN, connected to resistive chains we designed for this project and produced in the local industry. We tested the prototype in the IPEN IEA-R1 nuclear reactor with a 1:4Å monochromatic neutron beam. We will report experimental measurements showing that the prototype presented high stability, position sensitivity with spatial resolution better than 3mm (obtained by 2 methods), detection efficiency of 2:66(30)%, and good agreement with simulated results regarding the energy spectrum of the neutron capture products. We will finally discuss further methods to be adopted for enhancing detection efficiency.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29176

    BUENO, L.K. ; VILLANI, D. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. . Study on depth of measurement and volume variation of nuclides used in nuclear medicine for “in situ” ionization chamber characterization: an experimental and Monte Carlo comparison. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 385-386.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29175

    ALMEIDA JUNIOR, J.N. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. . Desenvolvimento de um sistema de filtração adicional semi-automatizado para a implantação de novas qualidades de feixe de raios-X utilizados em radiodiagnóstico. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 370-371.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29174

    ONUDIBIA, M.E. ; SILVA, P.S.C. ; ESSIETT, A.A.; ZAHN, G.S. ; GENEZINI, F.A. . Radioactivity concentration and radiological effect of soil from Umuahia Abia State, Nigeria. In: INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 254-255.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29173

    AYLLON, R.M. ; FURLAN, M.R.; EL HAJJ, T.M.; SILVA, P.S.C. . Th-232 radiological aspects of carbonate niobium mining waste use as agricultural amendment. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 252-253.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29172

    NISTI, M.B. ; MADUAR, M.F. ; CAVALCANTE, F. ; SAUEIA, C.H.R. . Estimated absorbed dose rate in the non-human biota in different environmental scenarios. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 217-218.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29171

    DIAS, F.S. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. . Verificação da confiabilidade de câmaras de ionização de placas paralelas para feixes de raios X de baixa energia. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 185-186.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29170

    SCAPIN, M.A. ; TESSARI, M.C.Z. ; COTRIM, M.E.B. . Espectrometria de fluorescência de raios X: uma técnica robusta para analisar resíduos e rejeitos radioativos. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 174-176.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29169

    DAMATTO, S.R. ; RODRIGUES, C.E.C. . Trace elements determined by INAA in a sediment core dated by Pb-210 method from Laguna de Peña, Uruguay. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 160-161.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29168

    OTERO, A.G.L. ; POTIENS, A.J. ; MARUMO, J.T. . A desktop application for automatic gamma spectroscopy analysis with deep learning. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 143-144.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29167

    TAVARES, P.V.S. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; CAMPOS, L.L. . Uso da técnica de tomografia computadorizada óptica para dosimetria química com solução Fricke xilenol gel. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 139-140.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29166

    ALMEIDA NETO, J.O. ; DAMATTO, S.R. ; MADUAR, M.F. ; LEONARDO, L. ; TEIXEIRA, L.F. ; DOMINGOS, R.M.. Study of 7Be activity concentration in rainfall as a function of sampling height. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 135-136.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29165

    NASCIMENTO, G.G. ; SILVA, C.R.; CAMPOS, V.P. ; CAMPOS, L.L. . Assessment of energy and angular dependence of LiF:Mg,Ti dosimeters irradiated in the quality Hp(0.07). In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 123-124.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29164

    ZAMBONI, C.B. ; GIOVANNI, D.N.S. ; ALMEIDA, M.R. ; TODO, A.S. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. . X-ray experimental set-up for in-vivo nail test. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 121-122.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29163

    MARTINS, E.W. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. . Metodologia de calibração “in situ” de Ativímetros para 111In e 123I. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 102-103.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29162

    ZAMBONI, C.B. ; GIOVANNI, D.N.S. ; KOKA, A.C. ; ALMEIDA, M.R. ; MEDEIROS, I.M.M.A. ; LEAO, A.R. . Propostas alternativas para o conhecimento e uso da Energia Nuclear. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 86-87.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29161

    KOKA, A.C.S.S. ; ZAMBONI, C.B. . Minuto Nuclear. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 84-85.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29160

    SANTOS, A.G.M. ; ENGLER, C.; SUZART, K.F. ; RODRIGUES, P.S. . Brazilian Nuclear Sector: an analysis of the sociocultural profile of women working in nuclear research and technological development institutions. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 51-52.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29159

    TESSARI-ZAMPIERI, M.C. ; SANTIAGO, A.F.; COTRIM, M.E.B. . Materialidade do tema proteção radiológica em programas de sustentabilidade ASG (Ambiental, Social e Governança). In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 48-49.

    Abstract: A materialidade é uma metodologia eficaz para identificar e estimar passíveis Ambiental, Social e Governança (ASG). As organizações utilizam a matriz de materialidade apenas para cumprir os requisitos do GRI, podendo gerar matriz incompleta e inconsistente. Os resultados de acordo, de acordo com o GRI para o parâmetro “radiação” encontra-se diversos temas de sustentabilidade onde as questões de proteção radiológica devem ser abordadas, como saúde e segurança do trabalho, avaliação ambiental de fornecedores, conformidade ambiental, comunidades locais, resíduos e abordagem de gestão. A elaboração de uma matriz de materialidade para as organizações que manipulam elementos radiológicos, com a devida identificação das partes interessadas necessita de métodos previamente definidos para que possam ser repetidos e revisados periodicamente, e desta forma, possibilitando demonstrar a evolução das preocupações com a sustentabilidade e seu alinhamento com as necessidades estratégias das organizações.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29158

    SUZUKI, F.F. ; NORMANTON, K.A.F. ; RODRIGUES, D.L. ; GERULIS, E. . Resultados do sistema de averiguação de ocorrências no estado de São Paulo no período de 2011 a 2021. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 31-32.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29157

    LEONARDO, L. ; DAMATTO, S.R. ; MADUAR, M.F. . Natural radioactivity in oilseeds commercialized in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 25-26.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29156

    PAVAO, S. ; CONTI, T.N. . A performance humana e a segurança em instalações nucleares: marcos regulatórios. In: LIMA, FERNANDO de A. (Org.); DANTAS, BERNARDO M. (Org.); LEVY, DENISE (Org.) INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE RADIO, 6th; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE RADIOPROTEÇÃO INDUSTRIAL, 9th; CONGRESSO DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA AS RADIAÇÕES DOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA, 8th; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA, 7th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE MULHERES DO SETOR NUCLEAR, 1st, August 15-19, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Abstract... 2022. p. 12-13.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29155

    MELO, CAMILA G. ; ROSA, JORGE M. ; SILVA, LEONARDO G. de A. e ; PEREIRA, MARIA da C.C. . Emprego de radiação ionizante em efluente de tingimento têxtil com o corante Reactive Black 5 para a avaliação da cor e da toxicidade. In: CONGRESSO NACIONAL DE MEIO AMBIENTE, 19., 20-22 de setembro, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Anais... Muzambinho, MG: Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais - Campus Muzambinho, 2022.

    Abstract: Os corantes reativos são os mais empregados no tingimento da fibra de algodão, e se destacam por sua estabilidade química e pelos altos índices de solidez da cor do substrato têxtil. Entretanto, a concentração de corante hidrolisado presente no banho após o tingimento pode chegar a 60% e, somados aos demais compostos orgânicos utilizados, acarretam águas residuais fortemente coloridas e com alta carga de contaminantes. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a redução da cor e da toxicidade aguda de efluente sintético de tingimento têxtil com o corante Reactive Black 5. O efluente têxtil foi irradiado por meio de acelerador de elétrons, nas doses de 2,5 kGy, 5,0 kGy, 7,5 kGy e 10 kGy, e submetido a análises de toxicidade aguda com o microcrustáceo Daphnia similis e de absorbância, por espectrofotometria visível. Os ensaios de toxicidade aguda apontaram elevada toxicidade do efluente, com valores de CE50 abaixo de 1%. A máxima absorbância do efluente bruto em 590 nm foi de 1,67. O emprego da radiação ionizante por feixe de elétrons proporcionou a redução de 20,69% da toxicidade do efluente na dose de 5 kGy e redução da cor acima de 90%, a partir de 2,5 kGy. A radiação ionizante por feixe de elétrons se mostrou eficaz no tratamento do efluente estudado, para a redução da cor e da toxicidade.

    Palavras-Chave: waste water; waste management; dyes; textiles; cotton; ionizing radiations; toxicity

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  • IPEN-DOC 29154

    MELO, CAMILA G. ; BORRELY, SUELI I. ; ROSA, JORGE M. ; PEREIRA, MARIA da C.C. . Águas residuais de tingimentos têxteis por processo convencional e após tratamento e reutilização: avaliação de parâmetros físico-químicos e de toxicidade. In: CONGRESSO NACIONAL DE MEIO AMBIENTE, 19., 20-22 de setembro, 2022, Poços de Caldas, MG. Anais... Muzambinho, MG: Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais - Campus Muzambinho, 2022.

    Abstract: A indústria têxtil é destaque mundial, tanto por sua importância econômica, quanto pelas questões ambientais relacionadas à sua cadeia produtiva. As águas residuais provenientes de tingimentos com corantes reativos, possuem características complexas que comprometem os corpos d’água receptores e, consequentemente, a sobrevivência dos organismos aquáticos. Neste contexto, o estudo contemplou a realização de cinco tingimentos consecutivos, usando efluente tratado em cada etapa. Todos os tratamentos fotoquímicos obtiveram Decaimento Absorciométrico (DA) acima de 90%, permitindo que o efluente fosse reaproveitado em novos tingimentos desde o primeiro até o último efluente tratado. No processo proposto, a taxa de Carbono Orgânico Total (COT) obtida após cinco tingimentos consecutivos com o efluente tratado foi de 34 mg L-1, em comparação aos 435 mg L-1 do efluente obtido após cinco processos convencionais. A Salinidade do efluente final obtida pelo processo proposto foi de 2,34 g L-1 de NaCl, comparada a concentração de 25 g L-1 apresentada no efluente pelo processo convencional. O consumo médio de água para um tingimento de algodão de um quilograma, pelo processo proposto, foi de aproximadamente 24 litros, em comparação aos 70 litros consumidos pelo processo convencional. No entanto, o efluente tratado apresentou valores de toxicidade < 6,25% (CE50, com intervalo de confiança de 95%) contra 10,25% do efluente bruto (sem tratamento). A concentração mediana, que causou a imobilidade dos organismos expostos, indicou a maior sensibilidade do microcrustáceo Daphnia similis ao efluente tratado.

    Palavras-Chave: waste water; waste management; dyes; textile industry; photocatalysis; toxicity; water treatment

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  • IPEN-DOC 29153

    PENIN Y SANTOS, S.; CARVALHO, ELIAS F. . GHG emissions, present energies, future with storage: highlight for China, USA, and Brazil. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HARMONICS AND QUALITY OF POWER, 20th, May 29 - June 1, 2022, Naples, Italy. Proceedings... Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2022. DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808572

    Abstract: Before the previous 252 years almost all human tasks depended on human muscles. The steam engine accelerates the intensive use of natural resources and in this period the ppm of CO2 in the atmosphere increased by 48%. The population was 750-800mi. The rapid growth to 7.8 billion, now on much better terms including food, uses approximately 615 Exa Joules (EJ) to meet its needs in electricity, transport, heating and industries, as well as to produce food. To stop hazardous emissions, a radical matrix change is underway. Solar, wind and other renewable energy must replace fossil fuels while maintaining the quality of energy, especially electrical energy. This article addresses these issues.

    Palavras-Chave: greenhouse gases; sustainability; machinery; storage; energy sources; resources; power demand; carbon dioxide

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  • IPEN-DOC 29152

    FERRO, DAPHNE ; KOTANI, PALOMA ; PAVARIN, LAURA ; AFFONSO, REGINA ; ORTIZ, NILCE . Utilização de TiO2 microestruturado com biocarvão para desinfecção solar catalítica de efluentes contaminados por microorganismos. In: SIMPOSIO LUSO-BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA SANITARIA E AMBIENTAL, 20th, June 29 - July 1, 2022, Aveiro, Portugal. Proceedings... Lisboa, Portugal: Associação Portuguesa dos Recursos Hídricos, 2022. p. 527-532.

    Abstract: No Brasil, o Novo Marco Legal do Saneamento Básico demanda que 99% dos cidadãos brasileiros devem ter acesso à água potável até 2033. Neste sentido, muitos processos de tratamento de água estão sendo desenvolvidos empregando diversas tecnologias, incluindo a fotocatálise, a radiação solar e a ultravioleta. Estes processos de tratamento e desinfecção solar são favoráveis principalmente considerando a localização geográfica brasileira empregando a luz solar que causa danos severos no DNA de patógenos. O semicondutor escolhido para a fotocatálise heterogênea foi o dióxido de titânio, que apresenta baixa toxicidade e possui reservas abundantes no Brasil. Este composto é um dos mais empregados em fotocatálise porque promove eficientemente a produção de sítios oxidantes e redutores na superfície, facilitando o surgimento de radicais HO• e H•. No entanto, para a utilização como catalisador é necessário que o dióxido de titânio possua a estrutura cristalina anatase e microestruturas estáveis que conferem elevados valores de área superficial e porosidade. A estrutura catalítica porosa foi obtida com a adição do biocarvão de eucalipto reflorestado como biotemplate, na moldagem do dióxido de titânio no processo de síntese sol-gel e resultou em uma estrutura de elevada porosidade. Desta forma, foi obtido os sítios de adsorção e interação, com significativo aumento do efeito sinérgico para a fotodesinfecção. A eficiência do processo de fotodesinfecção foi avaliada por meio da contagem do número de colônias da bactéria Escherichia coli, sendo essa onipresente nos efluentes domésticos. Processos de fotodesinfecção realizados com água de lavagem contendo esta bactéria se mostram promissores, com o emprego de 0,05g de dióxido de titânio microestruturado com biocarvão a porcentagem de redução no número de colônias de bactérias foi acima de 80% em uma hora de exposição. A otimização do processo de fotodesinfecção pode viabilizar uma nova alternativa aos métodos de desinfecção utilizados no país.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29151

    NASCIMENTO, GABRIEL G. do ; CAMPOS, VICENTE de P. de ; RODRIGUES, LETICIA L.C. . Avaliação da resposta TL em função da dose de dosímetros de LiF:Mg, Ti na grandeza Hp(0,07) utilizando o rod phantom. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE FISICA MEDICA, 26th; CONGRESSO LATINO-AMERICANO DE FISICA MEDICA, 9th, June 8-11, 2022, Fortaleza, CE. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Associação Brasileira De Física Médica, 2022.

    Abstract: Os dosímetros são utilizados para quantificar a dose que o indivíduo ocupacionalmente exposto recebe durante seu período de atividades. O dosímetro de extremidade tem a finalidade de quantificar a dose em uma região específica do corpo, as mãos. Para um dispositivo ser utilizado como dosímetro, ele deve passar por alguns testes de calibração/caracterização, entre eles, o teste de resposta em função da dose, onde o dosímetro é irradiado com diferentes doses no intervalo de interesse recomendado, preferencialmente, deverá apresentar um padrão linear de resposta em função das doses utilizadas. O Hp(0,07) é uma grandeza operacional estabelecida para monitoração individual externa, sendo 0,07 mm a profundidade adotada. Neste trabalho as irradiações foram realizadas na grandeza Hp(0,07) utilizando um rod phantom, com o objetivo de avaliar a resposta TL em função da dose, aplicando os dosímetros de LiF:Mg, Ti.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29150

    MAZER, AMANDA C. ; YORIYAZ, HELIO . Avaliação de registro de imagem realizado com e sem pontos de referência extraídos através da técnica SIFT. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE FISICA MEDICA, 26th; CONGRESSO LATINO-AMERICANO DE FISICA MEDICA, 9th, June 8-11, 2022, Fortaleza, CE. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Associação Brasileira De Física Médica, 2022.

    Abstract: Em Radioterapia Guiada por Imagem (IGRT), é comum a aquisição de diversas imagens de um paciente e, por consequência, a realização de registro de imagem para a comparação entre elas. Devido a isso, é fundamental que sejam realizados tanto um bom registro quanto um bom controle da qualidade (CQ) do registro. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar um registro de imagem quando realizado com e sem pontos de referência. Para isso, imagens de Tomografia Computadorizada (TC) de um paciente da radioterapia foram utilizadas para realizar registros rígido e elástico, com e sem pontos de referência. A técnica Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) foi utilizada para desenvolver um algoritmo para a extração semi-automática de pontos-chave estáveis das imagens, tanto para os registros quanto para a avaliação de tais registros. Através dos valores de erro médio, erro máximo e Informação Mútua (IM) encontrados, foi possível verificar um melhor alinhamento das imagens quando realizado o registro partindo inicialmente dos pontos de referência extraídos, em comparação com o alinhamento realizado sem esses pontos de referência. A SIFT mostrou ser uma ótima ferramenta para realizar ambas as tarefas e, quando possível, o profissional da clínica deve realizar um bom CQ quantitativo de registro, considerando pontos de referência distribuídos pelas imagens.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29149

    FERREIRA, HORTENCIA de J. ; RIGO, MARIA E.Z. ; NOGUEIRA, THUANY C. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. . Radioactive iodine-125 seed intraoperative localization for impalpable breast lesions conservative surgery: case series analysis. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE FISICA MEDICA, 26th; CONGRESSO LATINO-AMERICANO DE FISICA MEDICA, 9th, June 8-11, 2022, Fortaleza, CE. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Associação Brasileira De Física Médica, 2022.

    Abstract: The radioactive seed localization (RSL) technique is used for breast cancer conserving surgeries to guide the surgeon in tumor identification and excision. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic analysis of case series about the surgical efficiency, safety and logistic outcomes of the services that performed the RSL program incorporation in their institution. The systematically research was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science looking for case series. Was identified 24 case series, the population consist in 7177 women with non-palpable breast lesions, aged 19-92 years old, who underwent conservative surgery or biopsy excisional. The results about positive surgical margins, intraoperative re-excision, reoperation, recurrence, sentinel node biopsy failure, complications and time interval between localization and surgery shows a high rate of surgical efficiency, associated to low rates of intervention complications. Keywords: breast conservative surgery; radio guided surgery; radioactive seed localization.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29148

    ESQUIVEL, ALEXANDER; KODAMA, YASKO ; VILLARREAL, JOSE; JURI AYUB, JIMENA; GONZALEZ, GUADALUPE; TEJEDOR-FLORES, NATHALIA. Técnicas nucleares y su versatilidad para la utilización y estudio de diversos procesos. In: GALAN, JAVIER S. (Ed.); FABREGA, JOSE (Ed.) CONGRESO NACIONAL DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA, 18th, June 23-25, 2021, Online. Proceedings... Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá: Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, 2021. p. 131-135. DOI: 10.33412/apanac.2021.3080

    Abstract: The study of various topics of science is carried out using tools that often do not achieve the depth of analysis required to respond to situations that affect the world in general, are often invasive and pollute. Over time it has been shown that nuclear techniques are a viable alternative to develop more comprehensive studies in various fields of science such as: health, agriculture, industry, environment, security, among others. This group work session was organized considering the need to inform society about the other side of nuclear energy and its positive contributions to the development of countries, to make them more competitive and environmentally friendly.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29147

    GASPARIAN, PATRICIA B.R. ; MALTHEZ, ANNA L.M.C.; TORQUATO, MICHELE; CAMPOS, LETICIA L. . Radiosurgery dosimetry using OSL film made with CaSO4:Eu: a feasibility study. In: EUROPEAN CONGRESS ON RADIATION PROTECTION, 6th, May 30 - June 3, 2022, Budapest, Hungary. Abstract... Budapest, Hungary: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2022. p. 169-169.

    Abstract: Recent studies demonstrated that optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) systems allow the evaluation of doses for 2D mapping in a relatively fast and simple way and results show submillimeter resolution (Ahmed et al., 2017; Jahn et al., 2013). The two most advanced-stage studies with satisfactory application in 2D dose mapping are based on commercial prototype detectors (Al2O3:C and BeO). Some OSL materials have been evaluated in research laboratories for use in 1D and 2D dose distribution assessments and there is no common sense on the best OSL material for each application (Yukihara and Kron, 2020). This work presents, for the first time, an optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) film made with CaSO4:Eu particles embedded in a silicone elastomer matrix. The OSL film was produced using a low-cost and relatively simple methodology. This film is reusable and the signal can be satisfactorily bleached using blue LEDs. The main dosimetric properties were evaluated using TL/OSL Risoe reader with blue stimulation and Hoya U-340 filter. Investigation shows repeatability within 5% when measuring with the same film sample. Regarding the OSL film homogeneity, nearly 15% sensitivity change was observed within the 5 x 5 cm2 produced film. Additionally, the dose response curve shows linearity from 5 to 25 Gy. Further studies are necessary to understand and minimize the influence of OSL signal fading, which seems as high as 70% in the first week and then is stable. Nevertheless, a 3 x 3 cm2 OSL film was successfully used to map dose distribution in radiosurgery (6 MeV photon beam). This work demonstrates the feasibility of 2D dosimetry using low-cost and reusable OSL films based on CaSO4:Eu.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29146

    AYLLON, RAFAELLA M. ; SEMMLER, RENATO ; SANTOS, DENISE M. dos; FARIAS, LUCIANA A.; SILVA, PAULO S.C. . Social representations of ETEC teachers about nuclear technology / Representações sociais de professores de ETEC sobre tecnologia nuclear. Revista Ciências & Ideias, v. 13, n. 2, p. 157-168, 2022. DOI: 10.22407/2176-1477/2022.v13i2.1993

    Abstract: Este artigo apresenta um estudo que visa compreender a representação social da tecnologia nuclear feita por um grupo de professores e coordenadores de Escolas Técnicas Públicas (ETEC) do estado de São Paulo. Após este grupo ter participado em palestras ministradas por pesquisadores do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), que incluíram visitas ao Instituto e ao Reator Nuclear de Pesquisa IEA-R1. O estudo foi realizado por meio de questionários semiestruturados. Os resultados demonstraram que, para a maioria dos participantes, a representação social da tecnologia nuclear mudou positivamente após um evento de três dias, mesmo que eles já tivessem algum conhecimento sobre o assunto. Também foi possível detectar alguns erros conceituais e corrigi-los, evidenciando que o contato técnico mais próximo foi fundamental para essa mudança.

    Palavras-Chave: education; learning; nuclear power; educational tools; social impact

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  • IPEN-DOC 29145

    BOIANI, N.F. ; TOMINAGA, F.K. ; BORRELY, S.I. . Toxicity removal of pharmaceuticals mixtures through electron beam irradiation. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-11, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1838

    Abstract: Contamination of the aquatic environment by pharmaceuticals is becoming a global phenomenon of growing concern. Pharmaceuticals are partially metabolized, resulting in the excretion and release of residual into sewage, unaltered or metabolites. The wastewater treatment plants are not designed to eliminate these compounds, leading the residues into the aquatic environment. Besides, pharmaceuticals are not detected individually but as a complex mixture. Advanced oxidative processes have been applied as an alternative or complement to conventional sewage treatment processes, aiming the degradation and removal of toxic pollutants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity removal of mixtures of pharmaceuticals subjected to electron beam treatment. The aqueous solutions of each pharmaceutical were diluted in ultra-pure water and prepared in three pharmaceuticals combinations: Propranolol + Fluoxetine + Sulfadiazine; Propranolol + Fluoxetine + Diclofenac; Acetylsalicylic acid + Fluoxetine + Metformin). Electron Beam Accelerator was applied for the irradiations and the absorbed doses were 2.5-5.0 kGy. Acute toxicity tests with Daphnia similis were performed to evaluate the toxicity, before and after irradiation.. The data analyzed showed toxicity removal efficiency around 80% for the mixture of Propranolol, Fluoxetine and Diclofenac; 75% for the mixture of Propranolol, Fluoxetine and Sulfadiazine; and 30% for the mixture of Acetylsalicylic acid, Fluoxetine and Metformin. According to the literature, this is a viable technology for the removal of toxicity from pharmaceuticals, and the results demonstrated the potential of electron beam irradiation in reducing the toxicity of pharmaceutical from different classes.

    Palavras-Chave: aquatic ecosystems; contamination; drugs; electron beams; environmental impacts; pollutants; radiation dose units; toxicity; waste water

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  • IPEN-DOC 29144

    NASCIMENTO, G.G. ; CAMPOS, V.P. ; CAMPOS, L.L. . Characterization and calibration of thermoluminescent dosimeters of LiF:Mg, Ti in the quantity Hp(0.07). Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-6, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1786

    Abstract: The extremity dosimeters are devices used to quantifying the radiation dose that the occupationally exposed individual receives in specific regions of the body during the work time. Dosimeter calibration is essential so that the dosimeter response is equivalent to the received dose. Tests such as batch homogeneity and lower detection limit are part of the dosimeter calibration process. The rod phantom simulates the region of interest regarding the interaction with radiation and the scattered dose. The extremity dosimeters used were the LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosimeters.

    Palavras-Chave: calibration; cesium 137; dosimetry; irradiation; lithium fluorides; phantoms; recommendations; rings; rods; thermoluminescent dosemeters

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  • IPEN-DOC 29143

    COSTA, A.F.; GOMES, D.M.C.; MUNITA, C.S. ; BARIA, R. ; TIZUKA, M.; KIPNIS, R.; WATANABE, S.; CHUBACI, J.F.D.. Nuclear and non-nuclear analytical techniques applied to pre-colonial archaeological ceramics from the upper Madeira River/Brazil (940 to 760 B.P). Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-19, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1889

    Abstract: This article presents the results of applying three archaeometric techniques in archaeological ceramics from the upper river Madeira region in Amazonia. The first consists of the nuclear technique, neutron activation analysis (INAA), to identify the trace elements of the clay sources used in the production of the vessels. The second, non-nuclear X-ray diffraction (XRD), was used to characterise the mineral phases of each clay source. The third technique, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), estimated burning temperature related to the production stage of the artefacts. This approach made it possible to understand technological choices linked to selecting specific clay sources. The results suggest that different indigenous groups that inhabited the region between 940 and 760 B.P selected three clay sources to produce their vessels.

    Palavras-Chave: archaeology; ceramics; mineralogy; rivers; chemical composition; clays; electron spin resonance

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  • IPEN-DOC 29142

    FULLE, F.N. ; SABUNDJIAN, G. . Comparison of 18F-FDG, 68Ga-PSMA-11 and 18F-PSMA-1007 in PET for prostate cancer. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-11, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2012

    Abstract: Prostate cancer is the second most incident neoplasm in men, except for non-melanoma skin cancer, and has the second highest mortality rate in Brazil. Early diagnosis increases the chances of cure and enables a less aggressive treatment for the patient. Nuclear Medicine presents effective alternatives for prostate cancer diagnosis, such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or PET and Computed Tomography (PET/CT) imaging. The aim of this study is to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the radiopharmaceuticals 18F-FDG, 68Ga-PSMA-11 and 18F-PSMA-1007 used for PET or PET/CT in the diagnosis of this type of cancer. Compared to 18F-FDG, 68Ga-PSMA-11 has some advantages such as its availability by means of generators, the independent production of a cyclotron facility and its theranostic potential. The disadvantages compared to 18F-FDG are the scalability of 18F-FDG production compared to limited generator production. Despite its favorable characteristics, the radiopharmaceutical 18F-FDG has limitations in the diagnosis of some types of tumors, such as prostate cancer. The recently studied radiopharmaceutical 18F-PSMA-1007 has shown potential in the identification of small lesions in cases of prostate cancer and local recurrence. All the favorable and unfavorable aspects of these three radiopharmaceuticals are presented in this work.

    Palavras-Chave: antigens; neoplasms; prostate; comparative evaluations; diagnosis; fluorodeoxyglucose; gallium 68; fluorine 18

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  • IPEN-DOC 29141

    SOUZA, A.P.S. ; OLIVEIRA, L.P. de ; GENEZINI, F.A. ; SANTOS, A. dos . Simulating Araponga: the high-resolution diffractometer of Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-10, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1861

    Abstract: The Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor (RMB) is a fundamental project that aims to turn Brazil into a self-sufficient country in the production of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals to supply the Unified Health System (SUS) as much as the private institutions. In addition, the RMB project describes other applications as irradiation and testing of nuclear fuels and structural material analysis, for instance. There are many techniques in the project to study structural aspects of materials, where neutron diffraction represents one of the priorities for implementation. This technique will take place mainly on two diffractometers on Thermal Neutron Guide 1 (TG1), namely Araponga, a high-resolution diffractometer, and Flautim, a high-intensity diffractometer. In this work, we study the performance of the Araponga diffractometer through McStas simulations with input produced by the MCNP code of the RMB core. We investigate the neutron flux values considering a state-of-art high-resolution diffractometer, and the results are promising since some simulated scenarios present values compatible with high-intensity devices.

    Palavras-Chave: computerized simulation; diffractometers; monte carlo method; neutron diffraction; neutron flux; neutron sources; rmb reactor

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  • IPEN-DOC 29140

    BARIA, R. ; WATANABE, S.; MUNITA, C.S. ; SILVA, P.S.C. ; TATUMI, S.. Levels of thorium, uranium and potassium in Brazilian geological sediment determined by gamma-ray spectroscopy and instrumental neutron activation analysis. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-13, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1984

    Abstract: The Brazilian coast of the terrace contains a wealth of evidence that can be used to explain the evolution of the coastline over the past 120k years. These studies include marine sediment geochronology based on dosimetry dating methods, in particular thermoluminescence. To determine the age of the terrace using luminescence dosimetry methods, it is necessary to decide on the exact mass fractions of 238U, 232Th, and 40K. These mass fraction values are used to calculate the annual dose rate of ionized radiation. In this context, in the present work, we studied eight marine sediment samples collected in the city of São Vicente on the coast of São Paulo state, Brazil, and determined the mass fractions of elements 238U, 232Th, and 40K by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and γ-ray spectroscopy. Linear regression mathematical methods are used to evaluate analytical methods accuracy. The results show a good correlation with a R2 value of more than 0.71. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the resulting mass fraction, calculate the dose rates of these sediments, and contribute to their date.

    Palavras-Chave: comparative evaluations; geology; neutron activation analysis; potassium; seawater; seaweeds; sediments; thorium; uranium

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  • IPEN-DOC 29139

    NISTI, M.B. ; NERY, A.D. ; SAUEIA, C.H.R. ; CAVALCANTE, F. . Assessment of natural radioactivity in bottled mineral water from Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-15, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1795

    Abstract: The approach taken in the WHO Guidelines for controlling radiological hazards in public water supplies has two stages. The first is an initial screening for gross alpha and beta activity to determine whether the activity concentrations are below levels at which no further action is required; and if these screening levels are exceeded, investigation of the concentration of individual radionuclides and comparison with specific guidance levels. Mineral water is obtained directly from natural sources or by extracting groundwater, it is characterized by the quantity of mineral salts, trace elements and other constituents. The bottled water industry is present in the major regions of the world, and the population consumption has increased every year in Brazil and world, also increasing new mineral water mining sites, so it is necessary to constantly check the amount of radioactivity in mineral water. The aim of this study is to quantify the concentration of the natural radionuclides in the bottled mineral water consumed in São Paulo city. The bottled mineral water samples were purchased in a supermarket in São Paulo, with 23 different brands. The determination of gross alpha and beta activity concentration in bottled mineral water by Liquid Scintillation Counting measurement was performed using a 1220 Quantulus™ Ultra Low-Level Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer. The natural radionuclides (226Ra, 228Ra, 210Pb and 40K) were measured by gamma spectrometry, using an HPGe detector. The results obtained in this study can be used for a database on bottled mineral water radioactivity from Brazil.

    Palavras-Chave: natural radioactivity; drinking water; effective radiation doses; lead 210; potassium 40; radon 226; radon 228; radiation effects; radiation protection; radioecological concentration; recommendations

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  • IPEN-DOC 29138

    SILVA, F.F.A. da ; SANTOS, S.N. dos ; PEREIRA, J.P.M. ; GUSHIKEN JUNIOR, D.S. ; CARNEIRO, M.A.P. ; NASCIMENTO, I.C.C.; ULRICH, A.H.; BERNARDES, E.S. . Selection of aptamers against the Jagged-1 protein. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-7, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1933

    Abstract: The breast cancer is one of the biggest public health problems in the world, being the main female type of cancer that affects the population. The Jagged-1 protein plays an important role in the biology and development of cancer, influencing angiogenesis, growth of neoplastic cells, tumor stem cells, epithelial mesenchymal transition, metastatic processes and resistance to therapies in various types of cancer. In this project, our aim was to select an aptamer for JAG1 ligand using an aptamer library that could be used as a radiopharmaceutical for PET/SPECT/CT diagnosis of tumors that express JAG1. Our work showed that MDA-MB-231-JAG1 cells overexpress more mRNA and JAG1 protein than control cells (MDA-MB-231-Control). We also selected aptamers with high affinity for MDA-MB-231-JAG1 cells that could be a useful tool for the development of new radiopharmaceuticals for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors that overexpress JAG1.

    Palavras-Chave: angiogenesis; diagnosis; inhibition; labelling; ligands; neoplasms; proteins; radioisotopes; radiopharmaceuticals

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  • IPEN-DOC 29137

    ANDRADE, M.V. ; VICENTE, R. . Precautionary and preventive measures in Brazilian law applied to radioactive waste management. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-17, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1899

    Abstract: Nuclear technologies and radiation have offered technological and scientific growth nowadays, but there is a frequent paradox in this. While these technologies substantially increase the quality of human life, they also produce radioactive waste, which, when not properly managed, can generate risks that threaten to harm the environment and health. As a result, in risk management of radioactive waste, decision-making processes need to be guided by a framework of principles, including the precautionary and preventive principles. For this reason, the present work proposes to develop a legal analysis on radioactive waste risk management using the principles of precaution and prevention. These principles have similarities, but it is the differences in their structure that deserve to be highlighted, which is discussed and exemplified throughout this work. Furthermore, national and international experience in environmental damage has taught us that an identification and assessment of risk is necessary, because if preventive measures are not taken radioactive waste can be dispersed and harm the environment. When it comes to assessing the risk of radioactive waste, one of the precautionary measures is the application of a conservative stance in modelling scenarios, as there are still uncertain risks. Therefore, comprehending the different circumstances surrounding precautionary and preventive measures and having effective information about risk is essential for successful risk management.

    Palavras-Chave: radioactive wastes; risk assessment; environment; laws; environmental policy

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  • IPEN-DOC 29136

    SOUZA, D.C.B.; VICENTE, R. ; SA, L.V.; SILVA, E.H.; OLIVEIRA, M.V.L.; CIDRAL, M.E.V.; FARIA, C.R.; CAMILO, N.F.. Dose estimation in abdominal CT scans using CT-EXPO software. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-11, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2012

    Abstract: The application of ionizing radiation in diagnostic medicine has increased worldwide in the last decades. Computed Tomography (CT) is the main radiological procedure that contributes to the increase of the collective dose in the population. The aim of this study was to estimate the doses received by patients undergoing CT scans in a public hospital in Santa Catarina - Brazil, employing data from the DICOM header and utilizing the CT-Expo V. 2.7 software. The data were selected from 45 abdominal CT scans consisting of two series: pre-contrast and one post-contrast intravenous, of adult patients performed in December 2020. The spreadsheets with the data extracted from the DICOM headers were provided by the Santa Catarina Telemedicine System (STT). The effective dose and organ doses were calculated by CTDIvol and DLP values using the software. Overall, the organs that showed the higher equivalent doses were the kidneys (19.5 mSv), spleen (18.5 mSv), stomach (18.9 mSv), and liver (18.1 mSv). The estimated effective doses were 7.31 and 8.41 mSv, for non-contrast and contrast-enhanced examinations. The use of software such as CT-Expo can support the estimation of effective doses received by patients through the information extracted from the DICOM header. The presented methodology can be a useful tool to retrospectively estimate the doses in CT services in Brazil.

    Palavras-Chave: computer codes; abdomen; computerized tomography; contrast media; dose rates; effective radiation doses; images; monte carlo method; phantoms; radiation doses

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  • IPEN-DOC 29135

    GAETA, N.C.; CARVALHO, D.U.O.G.; ALEMAN, M.A.R.; CARVALHO, J.S.; CEDRAZ, P.P.; ULRICH, J.C. ; JOVANE, L.; GREGORY, L.; SCAPIN, M.A. . Quantitative analysis of minor and trace elements in blood serum of dairy cattle (Bos taurus) by WDXRF. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-10, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1911

    Abstract: Assessment of heavy metal content in biological fluids is essential to determine human and animal health due to exposure to contaminated environments, food and water. WDXRF is a non-destructive method that involves no chemical treatments. It is possible to perform fast chemical analysis without producing hazardous waste and uses a small sample volume (± 50 μL), which is helpful for veterinary usage. Therefore, this work aimed to implement an alternative method for minor and trace elements in blood serum samples of dairy cattle (Bos taurus) using WDXRF. It was implemented to determine Al, Cr, Co, Fe, Cu, and As. The method was evaluated by comparing WDXRF and ICP-OES results of a set of 14 blood serum samples of dairy cattle using principal component analysis (PCA). Results of WDXRF and ICP-OES were statistically equivalent to all analyzed elements, except for Fe and Al, which were still comparable. WDXRF proved to be a suitable alternative methodology for heavy metal detection in animal blood serum samples due to the low sample volume. The results of this study enable a new and fast method for veterinary internal medicine, which detects elevated levels of toxic elements in animal blood samples to ensure the correct protocols to prevent the animal's death.

    Palavras-Chave: absorption spectroscopy; blood serum; cattle; elements; trace amounts; veterinary medicine; x-ray fluorescence analysis

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  • IPEN-DOC 29134

    PASCOALINO, K. ; CAMARGO, F. ; GONCALVES, J.A.C. ; BUENO, C.C. . Measurement of the insensitive surface layer thickness of a PIN photodiode based on alpha-particle spectrometry. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-9, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1789

    Abstract: In this work, the insensitive layer thickness of a PIN photodiode (SFH206K - Osram) has been measured by varying the incident angle of a collimated monoenergetic alpha particle beam. This technique is based on variations in the path lengths of alpha particles through the insensitive layer and the correspondent energy losses when they impinge on a diode surface at different angles. Therefore, the pulse heights of these alpha particles, closely related to the energies deposited in the active volume of the diode, also depend on their incident angle. So, the difference between the pulse height of alpha particles perpendicularly incident on the diode surface and at any incident angle enables the insensitive layer thickness to be assessed. The result obtained (711  23) nm, less than 1% of the intrinsic layer thickness, besides validating the employed method, demonstrates that the investigated diode is suitable for high resolution charged particle spectrometry.

    Palavras-Chave: alpha spectroscopy; dosimetry; energy losses; layers; photodiodes; radiation protection; silicon; thickness

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  • IPEN-DOC 29133

    BORRELY, S.I. ; REDÍGOLO, M.M. ; VILLARD, B.D. ; LEBRE, D.T. ; TOMINAGA, F.K. . Degradation and toxicity of amoxicillin after electron beam irradiation. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-8, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1894

    Abstract: A recent and growing concern in environmental studies is the presence of antibiotics in wastewater, which contributes to antimicrobial resistance building. Amoxicillin, according to the World Health Organization, is one of the most consumed antibiotics worldwide, for being a first line therapy for common infections. Among several drug degradation methodologies, electron beam irradiation (EBI) is presented as an efficient and green treatment. This work presents data on amoxicillin degradation via EBI. Degradation rate was evaluated by LC/MS-MS, carbon removal efficiency was evaluated by TOC and ecotoxicity assays were performed employing Vibrio fischeri. Chromatographic results indicate an efficiency removal of 97.65% at 0.75 kGy and concentration below the limit of detection with increasing absorbed dose. Low mineralization (up to 10%) was achieved at 3.0 kGy. Regarding toxicity, approximately 81% of toxicity removal was obtained at 0.75 kGy and a decrease in efficiency was achieved with higher doses. In conclusion, results indicate the low doses (0.75 kGy) as most effective for drug removal employing EBI.

    Palavras-Chave: antibiotics; waste water; water pollution; toxicity; decomposition; detoxification; electron beams; ionizing radiations; irradiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 29132

    NAGAI, M.L.E. ; SANTOS, P.S. ; PARRON, I.; LEE, F.M.; VASQUEZ, P.A.S. . Gamma radiation processing for disinfection of a 19th century photo album. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-6, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2008

    Abstract: A 19th century photo album was donated to the Hercule Florence Institute collection. After going through the quarantine, it was discovered that the album was contaminated by anobides. The album was sent for disinfestation treatment by ionizing radiation processing at IPEN. The dose applied was 3 kGy for the immediate eradication of the insects. Colorimetry analysis performed before and after irradiation found that treatment with ionizing radiation did not affect human color perception in the album and the photographs present.

    Palavras-Chave: ionizing radiations; photography; preservation; disinfestation

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  • IPEN-DOC 29131

    ALMEIDA JUNIOR, J.N. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. . Development of an additional filtration system by 3D printing for the implementation of new X-ray beam qualities used in diagnostic radiology. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-7, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1992

    Abstract: The Calibration Laboratory (LCI) of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN) offers calibration services for radiation measurements instruments used in radiation protection, diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy. LCI produces radiation qualities and irradiation conditions which are in accordance with the national and international standard requirements. In order to establish the recommended radiation qualities for diagnostic radiology, X-ray beams generated in laboratory are modified for the irradiation conditions found in equipment routinely used in healthcare services. In this work, a new additional filtration system was developed to be adapted to the existing filter system at LCI. The new filter support can be coupled to the PTW Bench Control installed at the LCI X-ray system. Using a FDM 3D printer, a support model and a set of drawers were developed for the placement of additional filters. The models were also developed to fit each specific drawer of each filter to be used in the laboratory routine, coupled to the specific sensors that fit the spaces of the support part. Additionally, a microcontroller based on Arduino, micro switches, low- and high-level programming, allow checking of drawer status and integration of information with the laboratory control system. The system allows the recognition of the filter inserted in the drawer from sensors attached to the support. Tests were carried out to verify the usability of the system in the routine, adding Ag (silver) and Cu (copper) filters, for the characterization of attenuated radiation beams of interest in diagnostic radiology.

    Palavras-Chave: magnesium base alloys; biological materials; biodegradation; decomposition; fluorescence spectroscopy; x radiation; specifications

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  • IPEN-DOC 29130

    SILVA, C.A.J. ; BRAGUIN, L.N.M. ; ROSSI, J.L. ; SCAPIN, M.A. ; COSTA, I. ; SAIKI, M. . Analyses of magnesium-based alloys by nuclear techniques. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-12, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1969

    Abstract: Magnesium-based alloys have been proposed for use in temporary biomaterials in the applications that request their biocompatibility and degradability. Analyses of these alloys are of great interest to verify if their element composition is within the product specification and also to evaluate the impurities that may cause toxic effects to the human health or influence in their corrosion processes. In this study, nuclear techniques of neutron activation analysis (NAA) and wavelength dispersive X ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD XRFS) were applied in the analyses of two magnesium-based alloys: commercially pure magnesium (CP-Mg) and AZ31 alloy. The NAA procedure consisted of irradiation aliquots of sample and synthetic element standards followed by measurements using a HGe detector and the WD XFRS was carried out using the Model RIX 3000 X-ray spectrometer. In the CP-Mg sample several element impurities were quantified. In the AZ31 alloy, the alloying element mass fractions were within the product specification and the impurities of As, La, Na and Sb were also quantified. Nickel and sulfur were quantified only by WD XFRS. The Horwitz method was a good parameter to evaluate the repeatability of the results in Al, Mg, Mn and Zn determinations. In conclusion, the results indicated the viability of using NAA and WD XFRS in the analyses of magnesium-based materials mainly due its multielement determinations, precision of the results, quantification of elements in a wide range of mass fractions and the lack of need for sample dissolution.

    Palavras-Chave: magnesium base alloys; biological materials; biodegradation; decomposition; fluorescence spectroscopy; x-ray fluorescence analysis; x radiation; specifications

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  • IPEN-DOC 29129

    NERY, A.D. ; NISTI, M.B. ; SAUEIA, C.H.R. ; MAZZILLI, B.P. . Determination of natural radionuclides (Ra-226, Po-210, Ra-228 and K-40) and Cs-137 in fish consumed in the city of São Paulo. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-17, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1941

    Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the activity concentration of the natural radionuclides (226Ra, 210Po, 228Ra and 40K) and artificial radionuclide 137Cs in the muscle of the marine fish species most consumed in the city of São Paulo and to evaluate the annual effective dose due to the consumption of the fish. Samples were collected in the supermarket chain Extra and Carrefour and in the distribution center CEAGESP. Six fish species were selected among the most available and consumed in São Paulo city: anchovy, tuna, dogfish, croaker, hake and sardine. After the sample preparation procedures, the determination of 226Ra, 228Ra, 40K and 137Cs was carried out by gamma spectrometry and the determination of 210Po by alpha spectrometry. The results obtained for all the species studied are below the limits adopted by the Brazilian Standards for 137Cs and, therefore, their consumption offers no risk due to the ingestion of this radionuclide. The concentration obtained for the radionuclides 226Ra, 210Po, 228Ra and 137Cs in the fish samples analyzed are low and of the same order of magnitude as data from the literature. The results obtained for the doses, for all the species studied, showed that their consumption offers no risk of exposure due to the ingestion of the analyzed radionuclides.

    Palavras-Chave: natural radioactivity; radioisotopes; consumer products; gamma spectroscopy; urban areas; fishes; aquatic ecosystems; contamination

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  • IPEN-DOC 29128

    SUZART, K.F. ; PEREIRA, M.C.C. ; HAMADA, M.M. ; MESQUITA, C.H. . Zonal refining and Bridgman technique for CsI:Tl scintillation crystal growth. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-14, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1925

    Abstract: This work describes the development of the crystal cesium iodide doped with thallium (CsI:Tl) for use as a radiation detector. For CsI salt purification the zonal refining methodology using a horizontal oven at a constant temperature of 700 °C was used. The high temperature region corresponds to approximately 10% of the salt bed containing (260 mm). This region moves at a speed of 50 mm/h. The crystal growth was carried out by Bridgman technique, using a vertical oven at speed of 1 mm/h.

    Palavras-Chave: scintillator-photodiode detectors; zone refining; crystal growth methods; bridgman method; neutron detection; cesium iodides

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  • IPEN-DOC 29127

    FERREIRA, H.J. ; ZEITUNI, C.A. ; RIGO, M.E.Z. ; SANTOS, H.N. ; ROSERO, W.A.A. ; ALCANTARA, G.F. ; ROSTELATO, M.E.C.M. . Comparative analysis between radioactive seed localization and wire-guided for non-palpable breast cancer surgery. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-13, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1909

    Abstract: The conservative surgery for impalpable breast cancer requires an intraoperative localization method that guides the identification and correct excision of the lesion. The aim of this study is to comparatively analyze two intraoperative breast localization technologies, wire guided localization (WGL) and radioactive seed localization (RSL), regarding their surgical efficacy through the outcomes of surgical margins, intraoperative re-excision, reoperation and recurrence. To this end, a systematic search was realized in databases for clinical trials that match with the study eligibility criteria. The selected studies were evaluated for their methodological quality; the data were then collected and quantitatively synthesized. The results comprised thirty-eight studies that match the eligibility criteria. The main outcomes reported demonstrating that the RSL is at least equivalent to the WGL in efficiency rates. These results confirm the method applicability for impalpable breast lesions surgery in an effective way, in addition to presenting organizational optimization of radiology and surgery services by allowing the surgery to be performed up to two months after seed implantation.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear medicine; irradiation; mammary glands; surgery; brachytherapy; neoplasms; iodine 125

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  • IPEN-DOC 29126

    NISTI, M.B. ; MADUAR, M.F. ; DAMATTO, S.R. ; ALENCAR, M.M. . Counting efficiency in gamma-ray spectrometry with different sample volumes for the same geometry. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-13, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1884

    Abstract: The aim of this study is to determine an easy and fast method to calculate efficiencies in different volumes, in the same counting geometry, for gamma-ray spectrometry technique. Reference Material Soil IAEA 326 was packed in a 100 mL capacity polyethylene bottle with different masses and volumes, and sealed for about four weeks, prior measurement, in order to ensure that radioactive equilibrium had been reached between 226Ra and its progeny. After this time, they were measured by gamma-ray spectrometry with a hyper-pure germanium detector. The masses of the reference material used were 25, 60, 80, 95 and 128g. The energies of gamma-rays used in this paper are recommended due to the considerations: gamma intensity value, peak quality, spectral region without interference and the gamma- ray energies of the 238U and 232Th series very important for determining the natural radioactivity. The efficiency values obtained compared to the adjusted efficiency values were similar and presented a good correlation coefficient. The performance was acceptable for all different masses studied, indicating results consistent for the method. The proposed method could be useful as a tool for laboratories, dealing with of samples on a routine basis, by reducing the cost on the purchase of another counting geometry and optimizing the use of the detection system, thus improving their performance.

    Palavras-Chave: gamma radiation; counting efficiency; environment; cobalt 60; cesium 137; radioactive wastes; radioisotopes; radiochemistry

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  • IPEN-DOC 29125

    ALMEIDA, M.A. ; AYLLON, R.M. ; ANGELINI, M. ; VICENTE, R. ; SILVA, P.S.C. . Evaluation of recovery yields of 60Co and 137Cs in extraction procedures. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3B, p. 1-8, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2003

    Abstract: Nuclear technology has been implemented in several sectors of society, among them, it is possible to highlight medicine, industry, research, among others. The high demand of these nuclear applications has caused problems with regard to the generation of radioactive waste. The laser ablation method has been pointed out in the last years for the decontamination of surfaces and the contamination removed is completely retained in paper filters. This requires a safe and inexpensive method to perform the characterization of the radioisotopic inventory present in the laser filter samples. In this study, the extraction and quantification of the radionuclides present in the filter was evaluated using 60Co and 137Cs radionuclides. Two forms of extraction were tested: with Soxhlet equipment and by digesting the filter samples in a beaker, both using 3M HNO3 as extractant. The chemical yield was calculated using gamma ray countings obtained before and after extraction. It was observed that the extraction method by digesting the filter directly in a beaker presented the highest yield recovery results.

    Palavras-Chave: radioactive materials; radioactive wastes; lasers; beta-minus decay radioisotopes; extraction; nuclear engineering

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  • IPEN-DOC 29124

    BARONI, D.B.; BORSOI, S.S.; MATTAR NETO, M. ; OLIVEIRA, P.S.P. ; MATURANA, M.C.. Licensing approach applicable to land facilities supporting nuclear-powered submarines. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-13, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/ 2319-0612.2022.2083

    Abstract: The nuclear licensing process is a fundamental stage for the design and deployment of a nuclear facility. In Brazil, the licensing process of Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) nuclear power plants, in Angra dos Reis - RJ, was established mainly based on the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U.S.NRC) guidelines. However, for each purpose specific requirements are established which promote a standardization appropriate to the type of installation in question. Thus, not every nuclear installation can be adequately framed in the standards and requirements established for the licensing of a nuclear power plant, especially when considering nuclear facilities for strategic and defense purposes. For instance, the Specialized Maintenance Complex (CME) project is being developed by the Brazilian Navy and aims to offer all the structures and systems for support on land to the first Brazilian nuclear-powered submarine. Therefore, when considering the interfaces between maritime/naval systems and operations, the purpose and specificity of installations such as CME extrapolate the commonly established nuclear normative framework. Due to the innovation of this type of installation in Brazil, there is no specific regulation for its licensing, constituting a unique situation for both the Brazilian Navy (applicant) and the National Nuclear Energy Commission - CNEN (Brazilian Nuclear Licensing Agency, which, soon, will have its function incorporated into the National Nuclear Safety Authority, ANSN). Even when researching standards and other guides in ostensible sources of nations that hold nuclear reactor technology for naval propulsion (and land support facilities), no normative guidance dealing specifically with the safety analysis and licensing of this type of installation has been identified. Thus, this paper proposes a first approach and analysis of the standards used by the U.S. Department of Defense (U.S.DOE) comparing them to the standards of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U.S.NRC) aiming to compose a specific normative proposition to carry out the safety analysis and licensing of a nuclear-powered submarines land support facility.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear submarines; propulsion systems; nuclear facilities; licensing; nuclear fuels; nuclear energy; angra-1 reactor; standards; us doe

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  • IPEN-DOC 29123

    LEE, S.M. ; YORIYAZ, H. ; CABRAL, E.L.L. . Radiation shielding for a nuclear fusion device with inertial electrostatic confinement. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-13, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1997

    Abstract: In an inertial electrostatic confinement nuclear fusion device, IECF, thermal neutron population is created near the neutron shielding that is proportional to the fast neutrons generation rate; nevertheless, this proportionality varies with the experimental arrangement. Thus, to properly measure the fast neutron generation rate by the IECF device it is necessary to previously elaborate a suitable neutron transport model between the IECF device and the radiation shield, where the neutron detector will be located. This model is elaborated using the Monte Carlo N-Particle Code and the same is used to design the required radiation shield for the safe operation of the device.

    Palavras-Chave: shielding; radiation protection; thermonuclear reactions; inertial fusion drivers; monte carlo method; neutrons

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  • IPEN-DOC 29122

    SANTOS, A.G.M. ; SUZART, K.F. ; RODRIGUES, P.S. ; DEL MASTRO, N.L. . Study on the sociocultural profile of women working in a Brazilian nuclear area. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-16, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1882

    Abstract: Female representation in nuclear technology is still a global issue in terms of gender equality and there are still a low number of women in this area. The objective of this work was to evaluate the female participation in a nuclear research institute (an institution linked to the Sao Paulo state and the Brazilian federal government), to verify how the women who work in this unit are distributed, what is their area and position at career levels. The survey was carried out through an online form, answered voluntarily, which had questions to outline the profile of these women, as well as to understand how the female presence was shown in the workplace. The results showed that the majority profile is white women, graduate students aged up to 41 years, natives of the Southeast, predominantly from São Paulo, who are/were mentored by men, who do not know the Women in Nuclear association and a considerable percentage are unaware of the pioneer researcher in their core area, showing the lack of information about female representation in this field. It is noticed that in Brazil, the construction of an equal representation in the nuclear area is in progress and still has a long way to go, showing that research such as the present survey and dissemination of events about women is something that needs to be done more frequently to emphasize the importance of female presence in the sciences.

    Palavras-Chave: occupations; work; women; nuclear industry; human factors; socio-economic factors

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  • IPEN-DOC 29121

    FERRARI, L.A. ; LIMA, L.M.P.R. ; RODRIGUES, E.A. ; PEREIRA, M.A.M.G. ; LIMA, M. ; PERINI, E.A. ; AYOUB, J.M.S. ; SENEDA, J.A. . Energy and Covid 19: analysis of the impact on the global energy matrix. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-26, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1966

    Abstract: Pandemics reverberated their times, changing social and economic contexts, prompting, and redirecting changes in social ties, business, and education, restructuring the world that generated them. In this context, this study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global energy matrix, supported by an analysis of consumption, demand, and GDP from January 2019 to June 2021. The energy balance showed variations in this period, with impacts on the environment. We will assess whether the changes will be lasting.

    Palavras-Chave: coronaviruses; social impact; energy analysis; economic analysis; environment; energy consumption; electricity

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  • IPEN-DOC 29120

    CARVALHO, D.S.M. ; MATTAR NETO, M. . Encapsulated OSB energy absorption potential: a preliminary analysis. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-15, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1874

    Abstract: The transport of radioactive substances is, in many ways, necessary in the context of the nuclear fuel cycle that aims to generate energy or radioisotopes. In the event of a possible accident, the shock-absorbing parts reduce the mechanical stresses on the other components of the transport packaging, since a large part of the kinetic energy is absorbed by the shock absorber. To standardize the design of the research reactor spent fuel assembly transport devices by numerical analysis, a set of dynamic simulations of a benchmark was conducted to representatively capture the phenomena found in the drop tests used in project qualifications. This study aims to present a comparison of different ways of applying wood and wood composites as a useful and accessible impact-absorbing material. The necessary numerical modelling characteristics are validated and the phenomena present in non-isotropic materials are discussed. This study demonstrates the application of material models where energy absorption is the main structural function. In this case, the orientation of the wood fibers became sensitive with an approximate difference of 10% more in the impact absorption potential, without considerable variation in the duration interval of the maximum deceleration.

    Palavras-Chave: wood; encapsulation; nuclear fuels; transport; radioactive materials; impact shock; shock absorbers; transportation systems; finite element method

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  • IPEN-DOC 29119

    SOAVE, A. ; MATTAR NETO, M. . Design considerations for rectangular bolted full face flanged joints for surface condensers. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-17, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1989

    Abstract: Rectangular bolted full face flanged joints are widely used in surface condensers within the power generation industry including the nuclear one. In order to design these components, it is necessary to analyze the flanged joint from the point of view of structural strength and leak tightness. This work presents an analytical procedure applied to a rectangular bolted flange to determine the thickness of the flange, the bolt stresses and leak tightness conditions. First, the proposed analytical procedure is validated by comparing its results with those from finite element analysis (FEA) using non-linear approach considering the behavior of the materials, gasket and contacts. In addition, the proposed procedure is applied to the design of a rectangular flanged joint of a steam surface condenser using two different gaskets: compressed non-asbestos fiber gasket and NBR elastomer gasket. The obtained results show a better performance of the NBR elastomer gasket in comparison with compressed fiber gasket: better sealing condition, reduction of the flange thickness and reduction of the bolt stresses. It is important to highlight there are practically no references of procedures for design of non-circular full face flanged joints.

    Palavras-Chave: fasteners; steam condensers; bolted joints; power generation; nuclear energy; elastomers; rubbers

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  • IPEN-DOC 29118

    GALVAO, H.P. ; SHORTO, J.M.B. ; SOBRINHO, G.T. ; ABE, A.Y. ; GIOVEDI, C.. Passive Autocatalytic Recombiner perfomance assessment using COCOSYS. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-14, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1906

    Abstract: The progression of severe accidents in nuclear reactors is characterized by a diversity of phenomena that are Beyond Design Basis (BDBA), such as Direct Containment Heating (DCH), Molten Corium Concrete Interaction (MCCI), hydrogen detonation, and others. Currently, there are several devices and systems that allow mitigating the progression of these events, avoiding the failure of the physical barriers between the nuclear power plant and the environment. In this context, the present work aims to reproduce the HR-14 experiment carried out at the Thermal-hydraulic, Hydrogen, Aerosols and Iodine (THAI) test facility through the Passive Autocatalytic Recombiners (PAR) performance assessment with the COCOSYS code. The analysis of the convergence of the results was performed using the Fast Fourier Transform Based Method (FFTBM) and showed that the results had sufficient accuracy with the experimental data.

    Palavras-Chave: reactors; hydrogen; severe accidents; catalysts

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  • IPEN-DOC 29117

    PALADINO, P.A. ; BIATY, F.P. ; JULIAO, A.P.; SABUNDJIAN, G. . PLATAGAM: a video game structured as a didactical material for divulgation of some of the benefits of the Gamma Radiation produced in the Cobalt-60 Multipurpose Irradiator at IPEN’s facilities. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-17, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1851

    Abstract: This paper aimed at the conception and implementation of a platform video game designed to make known some of the benefits of the use of Gamma Radiation produced in the Cobalt-60 Multipurpose Irradiator, built with Brazilian technology at IPEN’s facilities. Unity 3D game engine and some other software for image editing were used. Four missions await the player, illustrating the following benefits of gamma radiation irradiation: on foods and beverages to retard deterioration and interrupt microorganisms proliferation; on tilapias, which skins are used in bandages for burns; on surgical materials as a sterilization procedure; and, finally, on museum items, for eradication of plagues on the collection. The authors hope that the offering of this didactic material will aid some effective Science Learning, mainly about pacific uses of Nuclear Technology.

    Palavras-Chave: gamma radiation; food processing; irradiation; cobalt 60; ipen-mb-1 reactor; educational facilities; document types

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  • IPEN-DOC 29116

    BARONI, D.B.; BORSOI, S.S.; MATTAR NETO, M. ; OLIVEIRA, P.S.P. ; MATURANA, M.C.. Evaluation of “Safety Related” and “Important to Safety” terminology for safety classification of nuclear installation items in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-17, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1960

    Abstract: In general terms, safety demonstration of nuclear installations is carried out through an assessment of compliance with design criteria and safety requirements established in national and international codes and standards applicable to each type of installation. In addition, a safety analysis consisting of installation behavior study during its useful lifetime, shall be developed considering normal operating conditions, transients, and postulated accidents, to determine safety margins and verify the adequacy of items designed to prevent accidents or mitigate their consequences. Also, design requirements applicable to each installation item depend on its classification with respect to safety. Thus, safety classification of structures, systems, and components (SSCs) must be performed based on adequate methods and clear and consistent criteria to ensure that an overall safety level expected for the installation is achieved. It is worth emphasizing the importance of the terminology adopted and the understanding of concepts definitions used in a safety classification process. The objective of this paper is to present a review of the application of “safety related item” and “item important to safety” terminology, evaluating definitions and interpretations given by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U.S.NRC) and the National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN) of Brazil. In this work, this subject is raised to demonstrate that divergent definitions and misinterpretations of concepts may result in inconsistencies in SSCs safety classification.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear facilities; radiation protection; safety standards; accidents; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 29115

    AGUIAR, A.S. ; LEE, S.M. ; SABUNDJIAN, G. . Consequence analysis of a Station Blackout in Brazilian nuclear power plant Angra 2. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-14, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1918

    Abstract: The article consists, through a Severe Accident, evaluating the impact of radionuclides released into the atmosphere in the vicinity at Nuclear Power Plant. The source term used in present work is obtained by means of proportionality between Angra 1 and Angra 2. That is, the source term of Angra 2 is calculated based on its activity estimated from numbers of fuel pellets of both power plants and the already known activity of Angra 1. This calculation resulted in total activity of Angra 2 equivalent to 146.18% of activity of Angra 1. The results indicate that for severe accident scenarios, the protective measures to be adopted will be general emergency; and the impact area, which currently has a distance of 5 km, would become greater than this value.

    Palavras-Chave: angra-2 reactor; nuclear power plants; nuclear fuels; outages; radiation accidents; radionuclide migration

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  • IPEN-DOC 29114

    ANDRADE, L.G.F. ; DONATO, G.H.B.; MATTAR NETO, M. . Effect of mounting orientation on testing equipment on elastic compliance of clamped SE(T) specimens: an exploration. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-21, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1863

    Abstract: The accurate evaluation of fracture mechanics properties is key to the safety of operation of high responsibility structures, such as nuclear reactor components. This paper evaluates the impact of mounting orientation on the test machine of clamped SE(T) (SE(T)c) specimens on their compliance. The elastic unloading compliance is a commonly used technique to measure the crack depth of specimens within fracture mechanics tests. Inaccurate measurements affect the reliability of resulting properties. Two mounting orientations are evaluated in this paper, together with two SE(T)c specimens with different width-to-thickness ratios (W/B=2 and W/B=4). The conclusions show that machine stiffness is different in the two orientations, and that this value has the potential to affect crack depth prediction. On the other hand, the analysis scope of this work was unable to detect significant differences between the two orientations, probably because loading was limited to maintain specimen integrity. Further investigation is necessary to precisely address the impact of this effect.

    Palavras-Chave: bending; cracks; equipment; finite element method; flexibility; fracture mechanics; materials testing; performance testing; strains; stresses

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  • IPEN-DOC 29113

    BARCELLOS, HENRIQUE ; MATSUDA, HYLTON ; LAPOLLI, ANDRE L. ; SUMIYA, LUIZ C. do A. ; JUNQUEIRA, FERNANDO de C. ; COSTA, OSVALDO L. da . Design and assembly of an XY-type beam current monitor for cyclotron accelerators. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 192, p. 1-5, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110550

    Abstract: A water-cooled XY-type beam current monitor was designed, manufactured and assembled in a cyclotron accelerator beam transport line. Tests were performed, demonstrating that apparatus is an instrument of great assistance in proton beam position. The XY-type beam current monitor has been widely used in liquid target irradiations, employing irradiation system which were originally designed for irradiations on 18 MeV cyclotron accelerator (Cyclone 18, IBA) only, however, with this apparatus, the target may be exchanged between the 30 MeV (Cyclone 30, IBA) and 18 MeV cyclotrons.

    Palavras-Chave: cyclotrons; beam monitors; beam analyzers; proton beams; targets

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  • IPEN-DOC 29112

    SILVA, WILMAR D. da; ANDRADE, SONIA A. de; MEGALE, ANGELA A.A.; SOUZA, DANIEL A. de; SANTANNA, OSVALDO A.; MAGNOLI, FABIO C.; GUIDOLIN, FELIPE R.; GODOI, KEMILY S.; SALADINI, LUCAS Y.; SPENCER, PATRICK J. ; PORTARO, FERNANDA C.V.. Antibodies as snakebite antivenoms: past and future. Toxins, v. 14, n. 9, p. 1-13, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090606

    Abstract: Snakebite envenomation is considered a neglected tropical disease, affecting tens of thousands of people each year. The recommended treatment is the use of antivenom, which is composed of immunoglobulins or immunoglobulin fragments obtained from the plasma of animals hyperimmunized with one (monospecific) or several (polyspecific) venoms. In this review, the efforts made in the improvement of the already available antivenoms and the development of new antivenoms, focusing on snakes of medical importance from sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, are described. Some antivenoms currently used are composed of whole IgGs, whereas others use F(ab’)2 fragments. The classic methods of attaining snake antivenoms are presented, in addition to new strategies to improve their effectiveness. Punctual changes in immunization protocols, in addition to the use of cross-reactivity between venoms from different snakes for the manufacture of more potent and widely used antivenoms, are presented. It is known that venoms are a complex mixture of components; however, advances in the field of antivenoms have shown that there are key toxins that, if effectively blocked, are capable of reversing the condition of in vivo envenomation. These studies provide an opportunity for the use of monoclonal antibodies in the development of new-generation antivenoms. Thus, monoclonal antibodies and their fragments are described as a possible alternative for the production of antivenoms, regardless of the venom. This review also highlights the challenges associated with their development.

    Palavras-Chave: antibodies; toxins; venoms; snakes; disease; immunoglobulins

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  • IPEN-DOC 29111

    BRICENO, MARISOL P.; CARIACO, YUSMARIS; ALMEIDA, MARCOS P.O.; MIRANDA, NATALIA C.; ARAUJO, ESTER C.B.; SANTOS, SOFIA N. dos ; BERNARDES, EMERSON S. ; SILVA, NEIDE M.. Effects of Notch signaling pathway inhibition by dibenzazepine in acute experimental toxoplasmosis. Tissue and Cell, v. 79, p. 1-11, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101952

    Abstract: Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cellular fate across species, being important for the differentiation and development of several cell types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Notch inhibition pathway by dibenzazepine (DBZ) in histological and inflammatory alterations and, tissue parasitism in acute Toxoplasma gondii infection. For this, C57BL/6 mice were treated with DBZ before infection with T. gondii, and the small intestine, lungs and liver were analyzed. The genes related to Notch signaling pathway were assayed through qPCR in the organs, and cytokine measurement was performed in serum samples. In the small intestine, T. gondii infection impaired the Hes1 and Math1 mRNA expressions, increased the inflammation and decreased goblet and Paneth cell numbers. The DBZ-treatment was able to partially preserve these cells, however, the parasitism and inflammation were not altered. In parallel, the high IL-2, IL-6, TNF and, IFN-γ levels induced by infection were not changed with the DBZ treatment, with the IFN-γ levels even higher. In contrast, in the liver and lungs, the DBZ-treatment diminished parasitism and inflammation. Our results highlight that Notch pathway inhibition in T.gondii infection results in different parasitological and inflammatory outcomes depending on the organ analyzed.

    Palavras-Chave: zoonotic diseases; infectious diseases; notches; inhibition; organs; drugs; cells; inflammation

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  • IPEN-DOC 29110

    RODRIGUES, ELAINE A. ; FERREIRA, MAURICIO L.; CARVALHO, AMANDA R. de ; BUSTILLOS, JOSE O.W.V. ; VICTOR, RODRIGO A.B.M.; SODRE, MARCELO G.; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de . Land, water, and climate issues in large and megacities under the lens of nuclear science: an approach for achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG11). Sustainability, v. 14, n. 20, p. 1-19, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/su142013646

    Abstract: Nuclear science and technology (NST) offers a multitude of applications and tools and has a high level of regulation. However, its contribution to the achievement of global development goals is still incipient. Although its application is directly related to many fields, especially sustainability, the current literature does not relate it to socio-environmental issues, hindering the adoption of public policies based on isotopic and nuclear solutions. In large and megacities, the promotion of human well-being and the conservation of ecosystems are urgent global challenges, especially as a function of the growing expansion of land use modification, water scarcity, and climate change. The relationship between society and NST is addressed in this study, which aims to show how and in what ways the emerging and innovative nuclear and isotopic solutions contribute to the urban dimension of the United Nations 2030 Agenda, expressed by SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and its connection to land, water, and climate change in cities. This gap in knowledge compromises the targeting of resources to improve NST as a development strategy. Demystifying NST and increasing collaboration between ecosystem services and other issues related to sustainability in cities are key to implementing global development policies, especially at the local governance level.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear energy; urban areas; environmental effects; climates; isotope effects; ecosystems; sustainability

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  • IPEN-DOC 29109

    SANTOS, RAPHAEL A.V. dos; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de . Gestão da informação em situação de crise: reflexões sobre comunicação nos acidentes de Mariana e Brumadinho / Information management in crisis situation: reflections on communication in the accidents of Mariana and Brumadinho. SODEBRAS, v. 17, n. 201, p. 8-21, 2022. DOI: 10.29367/issn.1809-3957.17.2022.201.08

    Abstract: O objetivo desse artigo é refletir sobre o processo de gestão da informação em situações de crise no contexto da Sociedade em Rede. Tal análise será feita a partir da observação dos procedimentos de gestão da comunicação realizados nos acidentes das barragens de Mariana e Brumadinho, em Minas Gerais, divulgados através da mídia e em documentos oficiais. Com base nos dados e sob a lógica do conceito de poder proveniente da comunicação, o artigo indica que a cultura de treinamentos em gestão da informação, o investimento em análise e o desenvolvimento de protocolos de comunicação para situações de crise são conceitos chaves para que as organizações possam proteger seus interesses sem afetar a relação de confiança com a sociedade.

    Palavras-Chave: information dissemination; knowledge management; public information; communications; accidents; pyrazolines

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  • IPEN-DOC 29108

    SANTOS, NATHALIA V. dos; VIEIRA, CAROLINA L.Z.; SALDIVA, PAULO H.N.; DE ANDRE, CARMEN D.S.; MAZZILLI, BARBARA P. ; ANDRADE, MARIA de F.; SAUEIA, CATIA H. ; SAIKI, MITIKO ; VERAS, MARIANA M.; KOUTRAKIS, PETROS. Accumulation of trace element content in the lungs of São Paulo city residents and its correlation to lifetime exposure to air pollution. Scientific Reports, v. 12, p. 1-7, 2022. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15048-2

    Abstract: Heavy metals are natural and essential elements of the environment and living beings, produced from natural (e.g. volcanic activity and cosmic ray-induced spallation) and anthropogenic processes (e.g. industrial and fossil fuel combustion). High-concentrations of heavy metals and radionuclides are also originated from anthropogenic activities in urban and industrial areas. In this preliminary study, we analyzed the levels of heavy metals and Polonium-210 (210Po) in lung tissues in autopsies from residents of the city of Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. In order to identify the link among sources of the heavy metals in lungs, factor analysis was performed. Of the first four factors, which explain 66% of the total variability, three were associated with vehicular sources. The fitting of a regression model with 210Po as the response variable and with the four factors as explanatory variables, controlling for age, sex and tobacco, showed a significant association between the concentration of polonium and the first factor that is generated by catalysts and brakes (coefficient = 0.90, standard error = 0.33, p = 0.016). Our findings suggest an association between traffic-related trace metals and 210Po in lung autopsies.

    Palavras-Chave: environmental impacts; chemical wastes; brazil; public health; elements; air pollution control; heavy metals; respiratory system

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  • IPEN-DOC 29107

    CALEGARI, RUBENS P.; SILVA, ERIC A. da ; SILVA, ANA P.M. da; GOMES, MARCELO P.; MOTA, LAYNA A.; ARTHUR, VALTER; BAPTISTA, ANTONIO S.. Wort disinfection treatment with electron beam for bioethanol production. Scientia Agricola, v. 80, p. 1-11, 2023. DOI: 10.1590/1678-992X-2021-0260

    Abstract: Microbial contamination of the wort during the fermentation process causes significant losses in ethanol production worldwide and creates a dependence of the industry on chemicals and antibiotics to control contamination. Therefore, this study used electron beam (e-beam) to disinfect wort from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) molasses and investigate the bioethanol fermentation. Four treatments (T0 – T3) were carried out using ionizing doses of radiation through the electron accelerator: 0 (control), 10, 20, and 40 kGy. Total mesophiles, total bacteria, sucrose, glucose, fructose, phenolics, flavonoids, hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and Furfural were measured. An alcoholic fermentation assay was performed after the irradiation process. The irradiated treatments showed no inversion of sugars and formation of the inhibitory by-products flavonoids, furfural and 5-HMF, except for the phenolic compounds. The lower dose tested (10 kGy) reduced more than 99.9 % of the total mesophiles and more than 99.99 % of the total bacteria in the substrate. In the fermentation, the irradiated worts presented similar (p > 0.05) yields (92, 93, and 94 %) and ethanol productivity levels (0.89, 0.88, and 0.87 g L–1 h–1, for T1, T2, and T3 respectively). However, all treatments presented higher yields and productivity (p < 0.05) when compared to the control (88 % and 0.85 g L–1 h–1), highlighting the possible use of e-beam in wort fermentation at a lower dose (10 kGy). This allows reduction in losses caused by microbial contamination, besides increasing fermentation yield and productivity with lower energy consumption.

    Palavras-Chave: microorganisms; decomposition; fermentation; alcohols; biofuels; electrons; accelerators

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  • IPEN-DOC 29106

    BEU, CASSIA M.L. ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO . Caracterização do perfil vertical do vento em Iperó (São Paulo) com o uso de um lidar doppler / Characterization of the wind vertical profile in Iperó (São Paulo) with the use of a doppler lidar. Revista Brasileira de Climatologia, v. 30, p. 424-444, 2022. DOI: 10.55761/abclima.v30i18.15582

    Abstract: Um lidar Doppler com alcance até 290 m operou continuamente por 1 ano no município de Iperó, interior de São Paulo. O lidar usado possui alta resolução vertical e temporal e estima além da velocidade e direção do vento horizontal, também a velocidade vertical do vento. O banco de dados gerado durante essa campanha experimental permitirá estudar fenômenos da Camada Limite Planetária, bem como validar modelos numéricos e auxiliar estudos de transporte e dispersão de poluentes. Neste trabalho é apresentada a caracterização do perfil vertical do vento e o ciclo anual entre Agosto/2017 e julho/2018.

    Palavras-Chave: atmospheric precipitations; atmospheric circulation; wind; seasons; aerosol monitoring; air samplers; pollution; earth atmosphere

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  • IPEN-DOC 29105

    SOUZA,CAIQUE M.P. de; MILITAO, VANDERLEI A.; SILVA, ISAIAS G.; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. de ; SERIACOPI, VANESSA; SILVA JUNIOR, WILSON C. da. Characterization of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy applied in hydroxyapatite coated hip prostheses / Caracterização da liga de titânio Ti-6Al-4V aplicada em próteses de quadril revestidas com hidroxiapatita. Research, Society and Development, v. 11, n. 8, p. 1-16, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i8.30629

    Abstract: Titanium and its alloys are widely used as biomaterials in hard tissue replacements due to their unique physiological environment responses and chemical and mechanical properties, such as corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, and ductility. Other metals used as biomaterials have elastic modulus with values ​​ten times higher than human bone, which can cause failure when there are impacts. Several studies report hip prosthesis failures due to fatigue. This article aims to carry out studies on the mechanical properties and fatigue resistance in an environment that simulates those of the joints of the human body, using hip prostheses manufactured with Ti 6Al 4V alloy with hydroxyapatite coating. Samples were taken from the neck region for microstructural characterization to identify grain size, inclusions, microhardness, tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence,e, and X-ray diffraction also performed. After applying more than 10,000,000 cycles with compressive forces ranging from -0.3 kN to -3.0 kN, no cracks were found and it was observed that the part suffered only elastic deformations.

    Palavras-Chave: titanium alloys; prostheses; bone joints; fatigue (biological); biological materials; biological repair; tissues; body; skeletal diseases; bone fractures

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  • IPEN-DOC 29104

    COELHO, JESSICA F. ; FILHO, NIVALDO G.P. ; GUTIERREZ, ISABELY M. ; GODOI, CAMILA M. ; GOMES, PAULO V.R. ; ZAMBIAZI, PRISCILLA J. ; SOUZA, RODRIGO F.B. de ; NETO, ALMIR O. . Methane‑to‑methanol conversion and power co‑generation on palladium: nickel supported on antimony tin oxide catalysts in a polymeric electrolyte reactor‑fuel cell (PER‑FC). Research on Chemical Intermediates, v. 48, n. 12, p. 5155-5168, 2022. DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04857-9

    Abstract: The use of palladium nickel catalysts with different compositions supported metal oxides, such as Sb2O5·SnO2 (ATO) catalyst combinations were employed to convert the methane-to-methanol in mild conditions using a fuel cell polymer electrolyte reactor. The catalysts used for the conversion of methane to methanol were characterized by XRD and observed the phases of ATO, the face-centered cubic structure of the Pd and Ni phases. All nanoparticles have a mean size between 9 and 12 nm as measured by TEM images. The products obtained from the methane oxidation, such as methanol and formate, were monitored using FT-IR spectroscopy to qualify the products formation, while High-Performance Liquid Chromatography was used to quantify them. In these studies, it was observed that as the electrical potential of the reactor increases, the generation of products decreases. The best results for the conversion of methane into methanol and energy co-generation were obtained from Pd50Ni50/ATO.

    Palavras-Chave: methane; conversion; energy conversion; transition elements; palladium; nickel; fuel cells

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  • IPEN-DOC 29103

    PEREIRA, VIVIANE S. ; NANDENHA, JULIO ; RAMOS, ANDREZZA ; OLIVEIRA NETO, ALMIR . Effects of TiO2 in Pd-TiO2/C for glycerol oxidation in a direct alkaline fuel cell. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, v. 50, n. 4, p. 474-483, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5813(21)60171-8

    Abstract: The Pd-TiO2 electrocatalysts were synthesized via sodium borohydride reduction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). The X-ray diffraction experiments of the Pd-TiO2 showed peaks associated with Pd face-centered cubic (fcc) structure and peaks characteristics of TiO2 (anatase phase) with a tetragonal structure. The TEM images showed that the Pd and TiO2 nanoparticles were well distributed in the carbon support showing some clustered regions with nanoparticle sizes between 7 and 8 nm. Cyclic voltammograms showed an increase in current density values after the glycerol adsorption process. Experiments in alkaline direct glycerol fuel cells at 60 °C showed a higher power density for Pd-TiO2/C (70:30) in comparison to the commercial Pd/C electrocatalyst indicating that the use of the TiO2 co-catalyst with Pd nanoparticles had a beneficial behavior. This effect can be attributed to the electronic effect or to the bifunctional mechanism. Molecules with high-value added glyceraldehyde, hydroxypyruvate and formate were identified as electrochemical reaction products of glycerol on all prepared electrocatalysts.

    Palavras-Chave: electrocatalysts; titanium; palladium; glycerol; alkaline electrolyte fuel cells; fuel cells; electrocatalysts; voltametry 

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  • IPEN-DOC 29102

    SANTOS, CAROLINE C.; VALENCA, JOAO V.B.; D'ERRICO, FRANCESCO; MACHADO, ROGERIO; CALDAS, LINDA V.E. ; SOUZA, SUSANA O.. Effect of different solvents on the optically stimulated luminescence signal from MgB4O7:Ce,Li-loaded polymer films. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, v. 198, n. 16, p. 1230-1237, 2022. DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac161

    Abstract: The detailed dose analysis at the extremities remains a challenge, without affecting operators’ mobility and their tactile sense. Using films loaded with optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) crystals have been studied in order to overcome some of these challenges in 2D dosimetry. In this work, we investigated flexible polymeric films loaded with MgB4O7:Ce,Li to acquire a better understanding of the dependence of the dosimetric signal characteristics on the production process and the influence of using different powder grain sizes. In film production, five different solvents were used: acetone–benzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran and formic acid. Our results indicate that acetone–benzene is the solvent mixture that less influences the signal emitted by treated crystals, in comparison with the signal emitted by the pristine crystal powder. Conversely, by using formic acid, the crystalline structure of the sample was most severely modified, leading to a drastic reduction of the emitted OSL signal. We found that the extent of the grain surface in contact with the solvent in the process is important and should be taken into consideration when choosing the proper grain size to be used.

    Palavras-Chave: polymerization; solvents; alkaline earth metals; luminescence; ionization; dosimetry; radiations

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  • IPEN-DOC 29101

    SANTANA, JULYANA G. ; AKBULUT, MESHUDE; TEMPERINI, MARCIA L.A.; RANGARI, VIJAY K.; GUVEN, OLGUN; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA . Synergistic effect of e-beam irradiation and graphene oxide incorporation on thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of poly (ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) film. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v. 199, p. 1-10, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110343

    Abstract: Graphene and its derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO), have attracted enormous interest from academia and industry because of its unique electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties, which can lead to enhanced material performance. In the present study, low contents of GO were incorporated into the poly (vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (EVOH). First, the GO was prepared by chemical oxidation of graphite employing a modified Hummer's method. The GO content of 0.1–0.3 wt % was incorporated in the EVOH matrix using a twin-screw extruder and extrusion blown film process to prepare flexible films. EVOH/GO film samples were irradiated at 100 kGy, using a 1.5 MeV electron-beam accelerator, at room temperature, in the presence of air. GO was characterized by XRD, ATR-FTIR, FE-SEM, and TEM analysis. XRD patterns of GO show a sharp reflection peak at 2θ = 10° (d001) corresponding to a d-spacing at 8.84 Å, characteristic of GO. The non-irradiated and irradiated samples were characterized by XRD, FEG-SEM, TG, DSC, oxygen transmission rate (OTR), UV/VIS analysis, and tensile tests. EVOH/GO nanocomposite films had an improved oxygen barrier, while also retaining fairly good transparency. As an effect of e-beam irradiation, the thermal, mechanical, and barrier behaviors of the nanocomposite films were even better than non-irradiated film samples, and obviously better than neat EVOH. Thus, the incorporation of low contents of GO followed by e-beam radiation treatment might be an interesting alternative to produce packaging materials based on EVOH with outstanding performance even under very humid conditions.

    Palavras-Chave: graphene; oxide minerals; synergism; electron beam fusion reactors; radiations; polyethylenes; tensile properties; morphology

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  • IPEN-DOC 29100

    OLIVEIRA, MARIA J.A. ; OTUBO, LARISSA ; PIRES, ADRIANA; BRAMBILLA , RODRIGO F. ; CARVALHO, ANA C.; SANTOS, PAULO S. ; OLIVEIRA NETO, ALMIR ; VASQUEZ, PABLO . Silver nanoparticles-based hydrogels synthetized by ionizing radiation for cleaning of tangible cultural heritage surfaces. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v. 199, p. 1-8, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110345

    Abstract: The surfaces of the works of art are one of their most important parts since they interact directly with the observer's perception. On the other hand, they are also in direct contact with physical, chemical and biological agents that can induce degradation and signs of aging. Dust deposits, stains and aged layers of protection can degrade, causing irreversible damage to works of art. In this way, the removal of undesirable materials from artistic surfaces is essential to preserve cultural heritage articles. The aim of this work was to develop silver nanoparticles-based hydrogels and to study the behavior regarding solvent concentration, stability and ability to clean dirt samples based on paper and canvas. The hydrogels were synthesized (reticulated) by gamma rays having the simultaneous formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) in the same process. The samples were characterized by swelling tests, attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM). The results showed the removal of dirt from the paper samples, as well as the softening of the dirt from the canvas, without leaving residues and without affecting the integrity of the art works submitted to treatment.

    Palavras-Chave: hydrogels; nanoparticles; silver; surface cleaning; cultural objects; ionizing radiations

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  • IPEN-DOC 29099

    LIMA, LENI M.P.R. ; KODAMA, YASKO ; BAITELLO, JOAO B.; OTUBO, LARISSA ; SANTOS, PAULO de S. ; VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. . Effects of ionizing radiation decontamination on botanical collections in herbaria. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v. 202, p. 1-8, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110561

    Abstract: Herbaria collections are very sensitive to attacks from microorganisms and insects. Therefore, preservation strategies and appropriate treatments are essential to manage these artifacts. Decontamination by ionizing radiation has become an effective strategy to preserve cultural heritage objects and archived materials, achieving excellent results. Therefore, this work aimed to study the effects of Co-60 gamma radiation on botanical collections. To accomplish this, samples of exsiccates, including botanical pressed and dehydrated specimens from Asteraceae and Solanaceae families, collected on diferentes dates were selected from the Dom Bento José Pickel Herbarium (SPSF), located in São Paulo (Brazil). Irradiation was performed at the Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility at IPEN, applying absorbed doses of 1 kGy, 6 kGy and 10 kGy. Gamma radiation effect was analyzed using colorimetry with CIELAB color space scale, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and attenuated total reflectance with Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Results showed no significant colorimetric changes, or changes in the morphological properties of samples, indicating that this decontamination method can be used as an alternative treatment to eliminate insects and micro-fungi of botanical collections without the use of toxic substances.

    Palavras-Chave: gamma radiation; cultural objects; cultural objects; decontamination; preservation; plants; herbs; absorbed radiation doses; radiation effects

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  • IPEN-DOC 29098

    GONCALVES, JOSEMARY A.C. ; MANGIAROTTI, ALESSIO; BUENO, CARMEN C. . Dose rate mapping of an industrial 60Co irradiator using an online photodiode-based dosimetry system. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v. 200, p. 1-6, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110387

    Abstract: In this work, a housemade dosimetry system based on a thin photodiode is applied for online mapping of dose rates, between 2.6 and 37.7 Gy/h, delivered by a Panoramic 60Co industrial facility. The operational principle of the dosimeter relies on the real-time acquisition of the induced currents from the irradiated diode operating in the short-circuit mode without externally applied voltage. The radial mapping of the radiation field is performed by rotating the diode around the central axis of the panoramic irradiator, covering 360° at intervals of 18°. The results are benchmarked with alanine dosimeters, Monte Carlo simulations, and reference dose rates retrieved from the facility calibration. The overall consistency of the whole data complies with the maximum response variation (8%, k = 2) recommended by the International Standard Protocols for routine dosimeters in radiation processing dosimetry. It reveals that the photodiode-dosimetry system is a reliable alternative to map dose rate fields and the effectiveness of Monte Carlo simulations as a predictive tool for dose rate measurements in an irradiator.

    Palavras-Chave: dose rates; dosemeters; photodiodes; irradiation; cobalt 60; dosimetry

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  • IPEN-DOC 29097

    ALVES, M.P.S.; MOTA, B.P.; POLICARPO, E.M.; JORNADA, T.S.; ASSEMANY, L.P.F. ; DAROS, K.A.C.. Development of a methodology for dose optimization in abdominal exams using two computed radiography (CR) systems. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v. 200, p. 1-5, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110427

    Palavras-Chave: x-ray spectroscopy; radiation monitoring; computerized tomography; abdomen; biomedical radiography; radiation doses

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  • IPEN-DOC 29096

    BURIN, A.L. ; BRANCO, I.S.L. ; YORIYAZ, H. . Determination of WER and WET equivalence estimators for proton beams in the therapeutic energy range using MCNP6.1 and TOPAS codes. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v. 203, n. Part A, p. 1-9, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110606

    Abstract: To use the dosimetric advantages that proton therapy provides, the exact knowledge of the range and its associated parameters of the beam is essential. Since the human body is composed of several tissues whose composition and density differ from water it is important to relate the range in water to the range in those tissues. Those range associated parameters are the Water Equivalent Ratio (WER) and Water Equivalent Thickness (WET). This work presents the Range, WER and WET values obtained from the simulations using the Monte Carlo codes MCNP6.1 and TOPAS for several tissue-equivalent materials, which are materials that reproduce the radiation behavior of the human tissues in a phantom. Simulations have been done in the therapeutic proton energy range from 70 to 225 MeV. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to provide and contribute to the improvement of dose calculation in proton therapy, more specifically in the calculation of WER and WET in tissue equivalent medium. The results showed good agreement between codes, presenting only small differences less than 1.9% in the cortical bone, but they did not affect the dose calculation in the therapeutic range used in this study.

    Palavras-Chave: proton beams; thickness; water; monte carlo method; particles; simulation

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  • IPEN-DOC 29095

    ARAUJO, MARCIO M. de ; BARREIRA, DAILI A.S. ; BRITO, SUSYLEIDE G. de ; SANTOS, PAULO de S. ; BORRELY, SUELI I. ; VASQUEZ, PABLO . A radiação ionizante como tecnologia para a inativação de vírus / Ionizing radiation as a technology for virus inactivation. Publicatio UEPG: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, v. 28, n. 1, p. 62-71, 2022. DOI: 10.5212/Publ.Biologicas.v.28.i1.0005

    Abstract: Encontrar meios acessíveis e eficientes para inativação de patógenos, e, assim diminuir as consequências maléficas destes para a população, é uma questão que desafia os gestores públicos e a comunidade científica. Diante disso, nosso objetivo foi realizar uma revisão narrativa sobre o histórico do uso da radiação ionizante como tecnologia para inativação viral. Para isso, foram utilizados artigos disponíveis no Google Acadêmico, Scielo, PubMed e Periódicos da CAPES totalizando 35 artigos entre os anos de 1971 e 2022. A radiação ionizante é um método físico que destrói os ácidos nucleicos e inibi a replicação viral, mantendo sua imunogenicidade, sem requerer todas as etapas necessárias para desintoxicar as culturas provenientes de processos químicos, o que facilita o manuseio de antígenos em laboratório de segurança nível 2. Observamos que doses distintas para cada vírus dependente de condições relacionadas ao preparo da amostra, temperatura, umidade, falta de oxigênio, taxa da dose e penetração (estado físico do material); e também ao próprio vírus, como por exemplo o tamanho genômico. A radiorresistência presente nos vírus e esporos bacterianos também foi um fator relevante observado na literatura quanto a esterilização de materiais hospitalares por afetar algumas estruturas poliméricas do polipropileno em máscaras descartáveis, cuja a solução adotada foi a utilização da radiação não ionizante dependente do tempo, a ultra-violeta (UV – C). Portanto, apesar de ser um método mais custoso, a praticidade do processo que é continuo, sem residual e a segurança promovida pela não lisura da embalagem, permite a competitividade da radiação ionizante frente aos métodos existes tanto na esterilização de insumos quanto para produção de vacinas através da inativação viral.

    Palavras-Chave: ionizing radiations; sterilization; viruses; microorganisms; radiation doses

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  • IPEN-DOC 29094

    FREITAS, ARTUR C. de ; COSTA, DIOGO R.; JARDIM, PAULA M.; LEAL NETO, RICARDO M. ; CARVALHO, ELITA F.U. de ; DURAZZO, MICHELANGELO . Effects of aluminum distearate addition on UO2 sintering and microstructure. Progress in Nuclear Energy, v. 153, p. 1-12, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104440

    Abstract: Uranium dioxide (UO2) is widely used as a fuel in commercial nuclear light-water reactors (LWRs). Rigorous control of density, pore, and grain size of UO2 pellets are important prerequisites for fuel performance. Solid lubricants, frequently used in pellets manufacturing, minimize structural defects on compaction such as cracks and end-capping, promoting grain growth during sintering. This work presents and discusses the effects of the aluminum distearate (ADS) addition on the sintering behavior and microstructure of UO2 fuel pellets. UO2 and UO2-0.2wt% ADS pellets were sintered at 1760 °C for 5.7 h for comparison purposes. The results show that the densification rate increases using the solid lubricant, but the shrinkage is lowered by 0.7% due to low homogenization. The average grain size was increased by about 35% during sintering. Based on our results and a literature review, a mechanism for grain growth by aluminum addition is proposed.

    Palavras-Chave: uranium dioxide ; nuclear fuels; nuclear fuels; reactors; fuel pellets; aluminium; sintering; grain growth

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  • IPEN-DOC 29093

    OLIANI, WASHINGTON L. ; PUSCEDDU, FABIO H.; PARRA, DUCLERC F. . Silver‑titanium polymeric nanocomposite non ecotoxic with bactericide activity. Polymer Bulletin, v. 79, n. 12, p. 10949-10968, 2022. DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-04036-7

    Abstract: In view of the intense interest in applications of silver nanoparticles in products for the medical field and in food preservation packaging due to their antimicrobial properties, the ecotoxicology of silver nanocomposites was evaluated in films. Test with the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter, to evaluate embryonic development and contamination by the action of silver and titanium nanoparticles in polyethylene nanocomposite films presents new results. The silver nanoparticle’s stability in polymeric materials can be enhanced by adding carriers, such as titanium dioxide and montmorillonite clay (MMT) without to producing one unfriendly material. For this research, low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) were used processed in a twin-screw extruder, followed by gamma irradiation with 25 kGy and characterized by ecotoxicology assays, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and mechanical properties. The antibacterial properties of the LDPE films were investigated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The gamma irradiation had an important effect in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles resulting in bactericidal activity and the death of 100% of the tested bacteria. The evaluation of the environment was considered with the ecotoxicological investigation carried out. The results indicated that the polymeric films with silver nanoparticles and TiO2 do not contaminate the environment and neither interfere with the larval development of Echinometra lucunter. The obtained materials can be used in various applications with antimicrobial properties.

    Palavras-Chave: polymers; nanocomposites; silver; titanium; germicides; nanoparticles

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  • IPEN-DOC 29092

    GASPARIAN, PATRICIA B.R. ; MALTHEZ, ANNA L.M.C.; CAMPOS, LETICIA L. . Using the optically stimulated luminescence technique for one- and two-dimensional dose mapping: a brief review. Physics in Medicine and Biology, v. 67, n. 19, p. 1-15, 2022. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac9030

    Abstract: In respect of radiation dosimetry, several applications require dose distribution verification rather than absolute dosimetry. Most protocols use radiological and radiochromic films and ionization chambers or diode arrays for dose mapping. The films are disposable which causes the precision of the results dependent on film production variability. The measurements with arrays of ionization chambers or diodes mainly lack spatial resolution. This review aims to provide an overview of the use of optically stimulated luminescence detectors (OSLDs) for one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) dose mapping in different applications. It reviews the ideas, OSL materials, and applications related to the assessment of dose distribution using OSLDs in the form of film or ceramic plate (BeO). Additionally, it reviews research published in the international scientific literature from 1998 to 2021. As an outcome, a table containing the main characteristics of each relevant paper is shown. The results section was divided by the type of OSL material, and we briefly described the principal findings and the significant developments of each mentioned study such as film production and OSL reader assembly. The purpose of this study was to present an overview of the main findings of several research groups on the use of OSLD in the form of film or plate for 1D and 2D dose mapping. Finally, the potential future development of dose mapping using OSLD films was outlined.

    Palavras-Chave: luminescent dosemeters; one-dimensional calculations; two-dimensional calculations; dosimetry; ionization chambers; dose rates; films; radiation detection

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  • IPEN-DOC 29091

    CABRAL, FERNANDA V. ; SELLERA, FABIO P.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Feline sporotrichosis successfully treated with methylene blue-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and low doses of itraconazole. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, v. 40, p. 1-3, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103154

    Abstract: Sporotrichosis is a mycotic infection of humans and animals caused by different fungal species of the genus Sporothrix. Feline sporotrichosis presents a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and its treatment with classic antifungal drugs is often long and frustrating. Methylene blue-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (MB-APDT) comes to light as an interesting approach against fungal infections, including sporotrichosis. In this case report, a 1-year-old male cat was diagnosed with sporotrichosis, being confirmed by fungal culture. The cat was treated by MB-APDT combined with oral administration of itraconazole. Following 2 weeks after the end of treatment, the animal was clinically cured, and an additional fungal culture was negative for Sporothrix spp., confirming the total remission of sporotrichosis. No side effects and recurrences were observed after a 3-moth follow-up. MB-APDT is a promising strategy against feline sporotrichosis, however large-scale studies are welcome to confirm its potential.

    Palavras-Chave: veterinary medicine; fungal diseases; photodynamic therapy; antimicrobial agents; fungi; cats; methylene blue

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  • IPEN-DOC 29090

    SELLERA, FABIO P.; SABINO, CAETANO P.; NUNEZ, SILVIA C.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Clinical acceptance of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the age of WHO global priority pathogens: so what we need to move forward?. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, v. 40, p. 1-3, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103158

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  • IPEN-DOC 29089

    CORDON, ROSELY; LAGO, ANDREA D.N.; MORAES, MARCIA C.D. de ; KRAUL, LUCIANE F.; LIZARELLI, ROSANE de F.Z.; MORAES, PAULO N.L. de ; NUNES, GELZA M.; SILVA, YOSE M.E. e; MACEDO, RAYSSA F.C. de; LABAT, RODRIGO M.. Photobiomodulation in pain control in diseases of the oral cavity: overview (evidence map) and its implementation in integrative complementary medicine. Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery, v. 40, n. 10, p. 675-681, 2022. DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0023

    Abstract: Objective: To assess the evidence available and knowledge gaps in photobiomodulation (PBM) for oral facial pain. Background data: Effective identification of a noninvasive resource for oral facial pain such as PBM may mitigate the risks of invasive therapeutic resources. Methods: Nine electronic databases were searched for systematic reviews reporting oral facial pain outcome for PBM. The 3iE (International Initiative for Impact Evaluation) evidence gap map methodology with the tableau was used to graphically display the parameters analyzed in the research. Results: Several wavelengths within the range of infrared were used in 37.6% of the studies, accompanied by the 32.4% in the red range. The quality of the effect was positive in 61.4% of the studies, whereas the impact degree was low, according to the measurement tool used to assess systematic reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2), in 60.2%. Conclusions: Despite the positive potential of PBM in the treatment and control of pain in diseases of the oral cavity, complete information on dosimetry in published studies with PBM is still lacking, making it difficult to reproduce the results found.

    Palavras-Chave: oral cavity; pain; diseases; photochemistry; therapy; photons

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  • IPEN-DOC 29088

    JESUS, EDILSON R.B. de; PEREIRA, MARCELO P.; JESUS FILHO, EDSON S. de . A importância da inspeção e certificação de terceira parte nos segmentos de fabricação de equipamentos de processo e produtos aeronáuticos. Revista Conexão Sipaer, v. 11, n. 2, p. 55-62, 2021.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29087

    GRANDIZOLI, D.R.P.; RENZO, A.L.M.; SAKAE, L.O.; LOPES, R.M.; ZEZELL, D.M. ; ARANHA, A.C.C.; SCARAMUCCI, T.. Assessment of the ability of desensitizing and conventional mouth rinses to promote dentin tubule occlusion. Operative Dentistry, v. 47, n. 5, p. 549-561, 2022. DOI: 10.2341/21-043-L

    Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of desensitizing and conventional mouth rinses on dentin tubule occlusion. Dentin hypersensitivity was simulated by EDTA application for five minutes. The specimens were randomly allocated into the following groups: desensitizing mouth rinses (Colgate Sensitive, Elmex Sensitive Professional, Listerine Advanced Defense Sensitive, Sensodyne Cool Mint); conventional mouth rinses (Colgate Plax, Elmex Caries Protection, Listerine Anticaries, Sensodyne Pronamel); a negative control (C−: distilled water); and Clinpro XT Varnish was the positive control (C+). Subsequently, the specimens were submitted to an erosive or abrasive challenge (performed separately) and to an erosive/abrasive cycling for five days (n=10 for each challenge). After treatment, challenges, and cycling, the specimens were analyzed in an environmental scanning electron microscope to verify the number of open dentin tubules (ODTs), counted by using Image J software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). Data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman and Dunn tests, with Bonferroni correction (α=0.05). Groups did not differ at baseline (p>0.05). At the post-treatment, erosion and abrasion stages, C+ was the only group that showed a reduction in ODTs compared to C−(p<0.05). In the other groups, numbers did not differ significantly from C− (p>0.05). After cycling, none of the groups exhibited significant reduction in ODTs other than C− (p>0.05); however, C+, Listerine Anticaries, and Colgate Plax had a lower number of ODTs than Listerine Sensitive and Sensodyne Pronamel. No mouth rinse was able to promote significant occlusion of the dentin tubules after treatment and the challenges. C+ was the only product that effectively promoted tubular occlusion, but this effect did not withstand several erosive and abrasive challenges.

    Palavras-Chave: oral cavity; dentistry; dentin; tubules; sensitivity

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✔ Para indexação dos documentos é utilizado o Thesaurus do INIS, especializado na área nuclear e utilizado em todos os países membros da International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA , por esse motivo, utilize os termos de busca de assunto em inglês; isto não exclui a busca livre por palavras, apenas o resultado pode não ser tão relevante ou pertinente.

✔ 95% do RD apresenta o texto completo do documento com livre acesso, para aqueles que apresentam o significa que e o documento está sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, solicita-se nesses casos contatar a Biblioteca do IPEN, bibl@ipen.br .

✔ Ao efetuar a busca por um autor o RD apresentará uma relação de todos os trabalhos depositados no RD. No lado direito da tela são apresentados os coautores com o número de trabalhos produzidos em conjunto bem como os assuntos abordados e os respectivos anos de publicação agrupados.

✔ O RD disponibiliza um quadro estatístico de produtividade, onde é possível visualizar o número dos trabalhos agrupados por tipo de coleção, a medida que estão sendo depositados no RD.

✔ Na página inicial nas referências são sinalizados todos os autores IPEN, ao clicar nesse símbolo será aberta uma nova página correspondente à aquele autor – trata-se da página do pesquisador.

✔ Na página do pesquisador, é possível verificar, as variações do nome, a relação de todos os trabalhos com texto completo bem como um quadro resumo numérico; há links para o Currículo Lattes e o Google Acadêmico ( quando esse for informado).

ATENÇÃO!

ESTE TEXTO "AJUDA" ESTÁ SUJEITO A ATUALIZAÇÕES CONSTANTES, A MEDIDA QUE NOVAS FUNCIONALIDADES E RECURSOS DE BUSCA FOREM SENDO DESENVOLVIDOS PELAS EQUIPES DA BIBLIOTECA E DA INFORMÁTICA.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

1. Portaria IPEN-CNEN/SP nº 387, que estabeleceu os princípios que nortearam a criação do RDI, clique aqui.


2. A experiência do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) na criação de um Repositório Digital Institucional – RDI, clique aqui.

O Repositório Digital do IPEN é um equipamento institucional de acesso aberto, criado com o objetivo de reunir, preservar, disponibilizar e conferir maior visibilidade à Produção Científica publicada pelo Instituto, desde sua criação em 1956.

Operando, inicialmente como uma base de dados referencial o Repositório foi disponibilizado na atual plataforma, em junho de 2015. No Repositório está disponível o acesso ao conteúdo digital de artigos de periódicos, eventos, nacionais e internacionais, livros, capítulos, dissertações, teses e relatórios técnicos.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.