IPEN: Recent submissions

  • IPEN-DOC 29586

    VICENTE, ROBERTO ; DELLAMANO, JOSE C. ; COSTA, PRISCILA ; CABRERA, PALOMA S. ; SMITH, RICARDO B. . Definição dos lotes para amostragem dos rejeitos históricos (Estudo de critérios e métodos para a determinação de lotes dos rejeitos radioativos históricos gerados entre 2002 e 2014 na Unidade II da CNAAA). São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Novembro, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-P&D-ETN-218-01-INFT-008-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA

    Abstract: Este documento tem como objetivo relatar o estudo da base de dados REJAN sobre os rejeitos radioativos históricos produzidos na Unidade II da Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) e os critérios utilizados para identificação de possíveis lotes homogêneos de rejeito, dos quais possam ser retiradas amostras representativas que dispensem a amostragem de todos os embalados. O presente relatório técnico foi elaborado em atendimento ao item 8.2.2 do Plano de trabalho anexo ao Acordo “Determinação da Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA (Fase B)”, do ACORDO DE PARCERIA TECNOLÓGICA firmado entre a ELETROBRÁS TERMONUCLEAR S.A., a CNEN - COMISSÃO NACIONAL DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR e a FUNDEP – Fundação de Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa, e complementa o relatório P&D-CEN-ETN 218-01- INFT-006-00.

    Palavras-Chave: sampling; radioactive wastes; isotope ratio; inventories; data analysis

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  • IPEN-DOC 29585

    JUNQUEIRA, FERNANDO de C. ; DELLAMANO, JOSE C. ; LIMA, JOSE R. de ; VICENTE, ROBERTO . Definição do procedimento de amostragem do Gerador de Vapor e da Tampa do Vaso do Reator. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Novembro, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-P&D-ETN-218-01-INFT-007-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA

    Abstract: Este documento tem como objetivo apresentar um conjunto de alternativas técnicas que estão em estudo no âmbito do projeto “Determinação da Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA, para a realização dos procedimentos de amostragem dos Geradores de Vapor e da Tampa do Vaso do Reator que se encontram acondicionados no depósito local da CNAAA. Este documento configura-se como uma revisitação, com a atualização e a ampliação, às informações apresentadas no documento P&D-CEN-ETN-196.00-INFT-010-00, "ESTUDOS PARA A CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO ATIVO ISOTÓPICO DOS GERADORES DE VAPOR DA UNIDADE I DA CNAAA" apresentado na primeira fase (Fase A) do projeto. Neste documento apresenta-se o desenvolvimento das alternativas técnicas que se dá tanto do ponto de vista da exequibilidade quanto em função da eficácia e eficiência para a coleta de amostras dos Geradores de Vapor de da Tampa do Vaso do Reator objetivando as suas caracterizações radioisotópicas. Os procedimentos de amostragem a serem adotados devem ser definidos em comum acordo com representantes da CNAAA de modo a atender a condições operacionais da planta em relação às doses de radiação dos operadores. A definição dos procedimentos dependerá também, da análise de viabilidade de execução por parte da CNAAA. O presente relatório técnico foi elaborado em atendimento ao item 8.2.3 do Plano de trabalho anexo ao Acordo “Determinação da Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA (Fase B)”, do Acordo de Parceria Tecnológica firmado entre a Eletrobrás Termonuclear S.A., a CNEN - Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear e a FUNDEP – Fundação de Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa.

    Palavras-Chave: isotope ratio; radioactive wastes; steam generators; reactor vessels; sampling

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  • IPEN-DOC 29584

    VICENTE, ROBERTO ; DELLAMANO, JOSE C. ; COSTA, PRISCILA ; CABRERA, PALOMA S. ; SMITH, RICARDO B. . Definição dos lotes para amostragem dos rejeitos históricos (Estudo de critérios e métodos para a determinação de lotes dos rejeitos radioativos históricos gerados entre 1982 e 2015 na Unidade I da CNAAA). São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Novembro, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-P&D-ETN-218-01-INFT-006-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA

    Abstract: Este documento tem como objetivo o estudo da base de dados sobre os rejeitos radioativos históricos armazenados na Unidade I da Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) e os critérios utilizados para identificação de possíveis lotes homogêneos de rejeito, dos quais possam ser retiradas amostras representativas que dispensem a abertura de todos os embalados. O presente relatório técnico foi elaborado em atendimento ao item 8.2.2 do Plano de trabalho anexo ao Acordo “Determinação da Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA (Fase B)”, do ACORDO DE PARCERIA TECNOLÓGICA firmado entre a ELETROBRÁS TERMONUCLEAR S.A., a CNEN - COMISSÃO NACIONAL DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR e a FUNDEP – Fundação de Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa.

    Palavras-Chave: radioactive wastes; waste storage; waste management; sampling; radioisotopes; inventories

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  • IPEN-DOC 29583

    TADDEI, MARIA H.T. ; SILVA, PAULO S.C. da . Resultados atualizados das análises radioquímicas das amostras de rejeitos. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Outubro, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-P&D-ETN-218-01-INFT-005-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA

    Abstract: Este documento tem como objetivo apresentar as determinações de concentração de atividade dos radionuclídeos emissores de radiação gama em amostras do Concentrado do Evaporador, das unidades de Angra 1 e Angra 2 da Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA). Essas determinações referem-se às amostras recebidas no SEGRR do IPEN-CNEN/SP em 2018, em continuidade ao relatório anteriormente encaminhado e intitulado IPEN-CEN-P&D-ETN-218-01- INFT-002-00. “Resultados das análises radioquímicas das amostras de concentrado do evaporador e resinas de Angra I (referente às amostras existentes em 2017)”. O presente relatório técnico foi elaborado em atendimento ao item 8.2.1 do Plano de trabalho anexo ao Acordo “Determinação da Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA (Fase B)”, do ACORDO DE PARCERIA TECNOLÓGICA firmado entre a ELETROBRÁS TERMONUCLEAR S.A., a CNEN - COMISSÃO NACIONAL DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR e a FUNDEP – Fundação de Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa.

    Palavras-Chave: radioactive wastes; samplers; radiochemical analysis; radioisotopes

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  • IPEN-DOC 29582

    TERREMOTO, LUIS A.A. . Estudo de métodos de amostragem para aplicação aos rejeitos históricos. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Abril, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-P&D-ETN-218-01-INFT-004-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA

    Abstract: Este documento tem como objetivo revisar os procedimentos de amostragem estudados anteriormente [1]. O presente relatório técnico foi elaborado em atendimento ao item 8.1.4 do Plano de trabalho anexo ao Acordo “Determinação da Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA (Fase B)”, do ACORDO DE PARCERIA TECNOLÓGICA firmado entre a ELETROBRÁS TERMONUCLEAR S.A., a CNEN - COMISSÃO NACIONAL DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR e a FUNDEP – Fundação de Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa.

    Palavras-Chave: isotope ratio; radioactive wastes; waste storage; resins; samplers; data analysis

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  • IPEN-DOC 29581

    TERREMOTO, LUIS A.A. . Estudo de avaliação para revisão dos procedimentos de amostragem existentes. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Abril, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-P&D-ETN-218-01-INFT-003-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA

    Abstract: Este documento tem como objetivo revisar os procedimentos de amostragem estudados na fase anterior (fase A do Ativo Isotópico). O presente relatório técnico foi elaborado em atendimento ao item 8.1.4 do Plano de trabalho anexo ao Acordo “Determinação da Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA”, do ACORDO DE PARCERIA TECNOLÓGICA firmado entre a ELETROBRÁS TERMONUCLEAR S.A., a CNEN - COMISSÃO NACIONAL DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR e a FUNDEP – Fundação de Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa.

    Palavras-Chave: radioisotopes; radioactive wastes; samplers; data analysis; charges

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  • IPEN-DOC 29580

    SILVA, PAULO S.C. da . Resultado das análises radioquímicas das amostras de concentrado do evaporador e resinas de Angra I (referente às amostras existentes em 2017). São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Abril, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-P&D-ETN-218-01-INFT-002-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA

    Abstract: Este documento tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados das análises radioquímicas das amostras de concentrado do evaporador e resinas, existente ao final de 2017, obtidas na unidade de Angra I da CNAAA (Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto). O presente relatório técnico foi elaborado em atendimento ao item 8.1.1 do Plano de Trabalho anexo ao Acordo de Parceria de PD&I: “Determinação da Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos de Baixo e Médio Nível de Radiação da CNAAA” (Fase B).

    Palavras-Chave: radiochemical analysis; evaporators; samplers; resins; radioactive wastes; radioactivity; data analysis; angra-1 reactor

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  • IPEN-DOC 29579

    VICENTE, ROBERTO . Ferramenta para amostragem de filtros de Angra 2. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Março, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-P&D-ETN-218-01-INFT-001-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Composição Isotópica dos Rejeitos Radioativos da CNAAA

    Abstract: Este documento tem como objetivo apresentar a documentação da ferramenta para amostragem dos filtros da unidade Angra 2 da CNAAA -(Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto).

    Palavras-Chave: sampling; tools; equipment; filters; samplers; materials testing; angra-2 reactor

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  • IPEN-DOC 29578

    BITELLI, ULYSSES D. . Comissionamento do reator IPEN/MB-01 – massa crítica de U-235 estimada a partir da obtenção da criticalidade. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Setembro, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-INF-CENR-086-00-RELT-003-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Comissionamento do Núcleo Tipo Placa do Reator IPEN/MB-01

    Abstract: O resultado obtido a partir do procedimento experimental visando a determinação de massa crítica de U-235 através da criticalidade do novo núcleo do reator IPEN/MB-01[1] e da metodologia experimental de previsão[2] e calculo [,3,4] para estimativa de M-235 pode ser resumido na tabela 1, dada a seguir. Considerando os valores da Tabela 1 referentes a 15ª etapa subcrítica (ultima previsão de massa crítica) e 18ª etapa de carregamento (sistema crítico/ levemente subcrítico), obtidos experimentalmente neste relatório, obtemos um intervalo de valores de massa crítica comuns a ambos e que se sobrepõem entre si. Tal intervalo obtido da intersecção destes dois valores experimentais de M-235 é dado a seguir. M-235 = 4629,68 ± 2,57. Assumido este valor experimental como o de maior exatidão e precisão (> 95% de confiança estatística), o desvio percentual em relação ao valor calculado [3,4] de (4623±80) gramas é dado a seguir. (C/E-1).100 = [ (4623,00/4629,68) -1 ].100 = 0,14%.

    Palavras-Chave: reactor commissioning; criticality; neutron detectors; reactor fueling

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  • IPEN-DOC 29577

    LEVY, DENISE ; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L. . A mega master interessante vida de uma pastilha de urânio. São Paulo, SP: Recanto das Letras, 2022. 56 p. (Ciência, tecnologia & inovação na vida cotidiana, 2).

    Notas de conteúdo: Versão impressa disponível para consulta na biblioteca do IPEN.

    Palavras-Chave: uranium; nuclear fuels; nuclear energy; reactor materials; uranium dioxide

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  • IPEN-DOC 29576

    LEVY, DENISE ; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L. . A mega master interessante vida de uma manga irradiada. São Paulo, SP: Recanto das Letras, 2022. 60 p. (Ciência, tecnologia & inovação na vida cotidiana, 1).

    Notas de conteúdo: Versão impressa disponível para consulta na biblioteca do IPEN.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29575

    CASTRO, PEDRO ; PEREIRA, DAISA ; ANA, PATRICIA; MATOS, CHRISTIANO; ZEZELL, DENISE . Q-switched Nd:YAG laser on dental enamel with photoabsorber: a confocal Raman pilot study. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LASER APPLICATIONS IN LIFE SCIENCES, 16th, April 1-2, 2022, Nancy, France. Abstract... Nancy, France: PROGEPI, 2022. p. 124-124.

    Abstract: Nd:YAG lasers emitting λ=1064 nm at microsecond and nanosecond pulses are alternatives to prevent dental caries and erosion in clinics.This wavelength allows most of photons to penetrate deep in the hard tissue due to low absorption of hydroxyapatite in the region. It is necessary to use photoabsorbers so most of photons are absorbed in the surface of the tissue preventing dental pulp necrosis. Currently the coal paste is used as a photoabsorber but the irradiated tissue turns darker what implies in the patients low adherence to the treatment due to aesthetic reasons. [1,2]. Confocal Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive optical method to obtain detailed information about molecular composition of biological structures in depth. The most prominent feature of Confocal Raman spectroscopy is the reliable capability to provide the biomolecular data with no use of ionizing radiation to penetrate in the sample. This work aims to characterize the dental enamel irradiated with Nd:YAG laser with nanoseconds pulses, in order to describe the depth related changes promoted in the enamel, by the heat generated due to laser irradiation. For these measurements, 30bovine enamel blocks of 8 mm2, were randomized into 3 groups: G1 – enamel untreated; G2 – enamel irradiated with Nd:YAG nanopulsed laser (1064 nm, 4 W; 1,05 J/cm2; 5 ns 20 Hz, Brilliant, Quantel Laser) using a coal paste as photoabsorber; G3 -enamel irradiated with Nd:YAG nanopulsed laser ( same parameters as G2) using squid ink as photoabsorber. The assessments of three different depth regions of the cubic shaped samples were: region A- left corner above of the sample, region B- middle of the sample and Region C- right corner below of the sample. The intensity map of phosphate (950 cm-1)regarding the position, were calculated [3,4] as shown in the Figure 01. The comparative results in the Fig.1 demonstrated that application of coal paste associated with Nd:YAG (G2) can preserve the inorganic content better than the squid ink group (G3). These findings have crucial clinical implications in the laser protocol development and itwas possible to correlate the heat penetration depth of the laser irradiation with photoabsorber using the images obtained bythe confocal Raman.

    Palavras-Chave: dentistry; dentin; enamels; lasers; neodymium lasers; yttrium compounds

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  • IPEN-DOC 29574

    DEL-VALLE, MATHEUS ; CARVALHO, MARCELO; SANTOS, MOISES ; PINTO, NATHALI; JATENE, FABIO; POMERANTZEFF, PABLO; BRANDAO, CARLOS; ZEZELL, DENISE . Evaluation of calcified mitral valves after Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation using Optical Coherence Tomography. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LASER APPLICATIONS IN LIFE SCIENCES, 16th, April 1-2, 2022, Nancy, France. Abstract... Nancy, France: PROGEPI, 2022. p. 152-152.

    Abstract: Mitral valve is responsible to control the left atrium-ventricle blood flux. Mitral stenosis is a disease that occurs in consequence of calcification and fibrosis on the cuspids of the valve. Diagnosis can be performed using echocardiography.Many treatments are possible, and one of them is commissurotomy (surgical approach).High intensity laser irradiation may be a new strategy for this surgical technique[1], and the optical coherence tomography (OCT) may contribute to the valve evaluation[2], asit provides higherspatialresolutionin exchange of lower penetrationthan ultrasonography. In this way, the aim of this study is to evaluate laser irradiation effectsincalcified mitral valvesusing OCTand digital processing.To that, it was conducted an ex-vivostudywith four human mitral valvessamples,obtained from valve replacement surgeries in the Heart Institute.The samples were splitin four groups: scalpel cut, laser cut, scalpel debridement and laser debridement.Cutting and debridement procedures were performed in calcified regions of the valves, usinga disposable scalpelbladeand anEr,Cr:YSGG laser(Waterlase; Biolase Inc., CA, USA), emitting at 2780 nm. The laser parameters were set at power = 1.6W, frequency = 20 Hz, energy density = 28.3J/cm2,pulse duration = 700 μs, 15% of water and 15% of air.The imaging was performed using a spectraldomain OCT system(Callisto110C1;ThorLabs Inc., NJ, USA).It was acquired10 B-scans per sample, 5 inprocedures regions and 5 in sound regions. The Optical Attenuation Coefficient (OAC) was calculated by comparing a beer-lambert like equation to exponential fittings of the A-scans[3].The distribution and normality of variances were tested using Shapiro-Wilk test,and statistical comparison was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc. All tests considered a level of significance of 5%.The FigureAshows a representative B-scan of a visibly calcified region, where a pattern of higher intensities can be observed.Thispattern is related tomorphological and optical changes, mainly a refractive index change, due to calcium presence in the valve tissue.This B-scan was acquired only to understand the calcified tissue aspect, as the procedures regions does notpresent visibly largecalcium stones.The Figure Bshowsthe statisticalanalysis, where the sound OAC values, as a mean of all sound regions, presented a significant statistical difference in comparison to scalpel groups, while no difference waspresentedin relation to laser groups. Higher OAC values are related to anaugmentation of the light backscatteringdue to calcium refractive index, leading to a change of lightpropagation in tissue-calcium interfaces.This finding indicates thatthe laser procedures promoted a better removal of calcified tissue than the scalpelmethods, which can be related to tissue-ablation interaction.Furthermore, the statistical difference between scalpel cut group and both laser groups suggests that the scalpel needs more wear interaction with the tissue, such as in the debridement procedure, being unable to significatively remove the calcification in a single cut.This study points the Er,Cr:YSGG and the OCT as potential techniques for the calcified tissue removal and evaluation,respectively, duringmitral valvessurgeries, although further studieswith higher sample numbermust be performed.

    Palavras-Chave: cardiovascular system; valves; cardiovascular diseases; fibrosis; tomography; coherent radiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 29573

    ZEZELL, DENISE ; CASTRO, PEDRO ; DEL-VALLE, MATHEUS ; CAMILLO-SILVA, CARLOS ; SAMAD, RICARDO ; DE ROSSI, WAGNER ; SANTOS, MOISES . FTIR imaging on glass substrates evaluation of histological skin burn injuries specimens treated by femtosecond laser pulses. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LASER APPLICATIONS IN LIFE SCIENCES, 16th, April 1-2, 2022, Nancy, France. Abstract... Nancy, France: PROGEPI, 2022. p. 205-205.

    Abstract: Burn injuries continue to be one of the leading causes of unintentional death and injury in low- and middle-income countries [1]. Burns are considered an important public health problem, because in addition to physical problems that can lead the patient to death, they cause psychological and social damage. An estimated 180,000 deaths every year are caused by burns [2]. The use of infrared (IR) spectroscopy for studying biological specimens is nowadays a wide and active area of research. The IR microspectroscopy has proved to be an ideal tool for investigating the biochemical composition of biological samples at the microscopic scale, as well as its fast, sensitive, and label-free nature [3]. IR image spectral histopathology has shown great promise as an important diagnostic tool, with the potential to complement current pathological methods, reducing subjectivity in biopsy samples analysis. However, the use of IR transmissive substrates which are both fragile and prohibitively very expensive, hinder the clinical translation. The goal of this study is to evaluate the potential of discriminating healing process, in burned skin specimens treated with ultrashort pulses laser 3 days after the burn. This study is considering a previous paper [4], in which it analyzed only micro-ATR-FTIR spectra of a frozen sample point. The specimens were obtained from third degree burn wound. The wounds treatment were performed three days after the burn, and the animals were sacrificed 3 and 14 days post-treatment. Using coverslipped H&E stained tissue on glass from previous histopathological analysis and applying the analytical techniques PCA and K-means on N−H, O−H, and C−H stretching regions occurring at 2500−3800 cm−1 (high wavenumber region), were possible to discriminate burned epidermal and dermal regions from irradiated in same regions on sample. In the figures is shown the average spectrum at (a) day 3 and (b) day 14. , in both there were increase of burned+laser treated bands. The great potential of this study was to analyse coverslipped H&E stained tissue on glass, without compromising the histopathologist practices and contribute for clinical translation.

    Palavras-Chave: burns; injuries; animal tissues; infrared spectra; healing; lasers; pulses

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  • IPEN-DOC 29572

    FAROOQ, SAJID ; DEL-VALLE, MATHEUS ; SANTOS, MOISES O. dos ; NASCIMENTO, SOFIA ; BERNARDES, EMERSON S. ; ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Breast cancer subtypes diagnostic via high performance supervised machine learning. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLINICAL SPECTROSCOPY, 12th, June 19-23, 2022, Dublin, Ireland. Abstract... 2022.

    Abstract: Aim: Breast cancer molecular subtypes are being used to improve clinical decision. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging, which is a powerful and non-destructive technique, allows performing a non-perturbative and labelling free extraction of biochemical information towards diagnosis and evaluation for cell functionality. However, methods of measurements of large areas of cells demand a long time to achieve high quality images, making its clinical use impractical because of speed of data acquisition and dearth of optimized computational procedures. In order to cope with these challenges, Machine learning (ML) technologies can facilitate to obtain accurate prognosis of Breast Cancer (BC) subtypes with high action ability and accuracy. Methods: Here we propose a ML algorithm based method to distinguish computationally BC cell lines. The method is developed by coupling K neighbors Classifier (KNN) with Neighborhood Component Analysis (NCA) and NCA-KNN methods enables to identify BC subtypes without increasing model size as well additional parameters. Results: By incorporating FTIR imaging data, we show that using NCA-KNN method, the classification accuracies, specificities and sensitivities improve up to 97%, even at very low co-added scan (S_4). Moreover, a clear distinctive accuracy difference of our proposed method was obtained in comparison with other ML supervised models. Conclusion: For confirming our model results performance, the cross validation (k fold = 10) and receiver operation characteristics (ROC) curve were used and found in great agreement, suggest a potential diagnostic method for BC subtypes, even with small co-added scan < 8 at low spectral resolution (4 cm-1).

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  • IPEN-DOC 29571

    CASTRO, P. ; SILVA, C. ; ZEZELL, D. . Burn wound healing by infrared spectroscopy imaging: a pilot study. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLINICAL SPECTROSCOPY, 12th, June 19-23, 2022, Dublin, Ireland. Abstract... 2022.

    Abstract: Aim: Burns are one of the major causes of morbidity and the most costly traumatic injuries worldwide1. The traditional techniques used to assess the biochemical events related to wound repair are laborious, time-consuming and require multiple staining. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the feasibility of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in order to monitor the progress and healing status of burn wounds. Methods : Third-degree burn injuries were induced on Wistar rats by water vapor exposure. Afterwards, biopsies specimen was extracted for further histopathological examination and IR imaging evaluation at 7 days. The spectral imaging was performed using a micro- FTIR equipment in transflection mode (MirrIR, Kevley Technologies), with a 32 x 32 FPA of 5.5 μm pixel size. All spectra data were baseline corrected and vector normalized. The preprocessing and image comparison was performed using Cytospec software (Cytospec, version 2.00.5)2. Results : The pairwise analysis was evaluated in the wavenumber region maps of 1200-1300 cm-1. The biomolecule band associated to collagen content (1200 – 1300 cm-1) was most prominent3 on the 7th day image in the post-burn that in healthy group. Conclusions : Therefore, our pairwise comparison revealed that metabolic activity induced by thermal injury increases the chemical activity associated to the healing progresses. Our findings show that FTIR spectroscopy has potential to identify the biochemical signatures induced by burn injury.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29570

    JANUARIO, ELIANE R. ; VAZ, JORGE M. ; SPINACE, ESTEVAM V. . Photocatalytic oxidation of methane coupling with hydrogen evolution from water over Au decorated Ga2O3 catalysts. In: CINE CONFERENCE, 3., 18-19 de outubro, 2022, Campinas, SP. Resumo... 2022.

    Abstract: Methane is a major constituent of natural gases and is an important source of carbon and hydrogen for the chemical industry. However, CH4 is one of the most stable molecule and high reaction temperatures are required to transform CH4 into more valuable chemicals [1]. In this work, we investigated the use of β-Ga2O3 loaded with Au nanoparticles (0.1–1.0%) as photocatalysts that were prepared 3 different methods: pre-formed NNTS; in-situ; and H2 reduction. The materials were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis, TEM, and Raman. The reactions were performed on a photocatalytic reactor with Hg lamp (450W, UV/A/B/C). CH4 gas was bubbled into H2O, Au/Ga2O3 in suspension and the products were identified by GC-MS and quantified by GC-FID/TCD using calibration curves. C2H6, CO2, H2 with minor quantities of C2H4, C3H8, C4H10, and CO were produced. The best performance was observed for the photocatalyst prepared with 0.03% of Au that produced 112 mol.gcat-1h-1 of C2H6 and 16.500 mol.gcat-1h-1 of H2.

    Palavras-Chave: methane; photocatalysis; gold; nanoparticles

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  • IPEN-DOC 29569

    CARMINATI, S.A. ; VAZ, J.M. ; SPINACE, E.V. . Photocatalytic coupling of methane over TiO2/WO3 heterojunction photocatalysts to enhance the production of ethane and hydrogen. In: CINE CONFERENCE, 3., 18-19 de outubro, 2022, Campinas, SP. Poster... 2022.

    Palavras-Chave: methane; photocatalysis; titanium oxides; tungsten oxides

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  • IPEN-DOC 29568

    SILVAINO, PATRICIA F. ; SPINACE, ESTEVAM V. ; VAZ, JORGE M. . Development of noble metals/TiO2 photocatalysts for photocatalytic conversion of methane coupling with hydrogen evolution from water. In: CINE CONFERENCE, 3., 18-19 de outubro, 2022, Campinas, SP. Resumo... 2022.

    Abstract: Methane, the main component of natural gas (< 80%), is an expressive source of carbon and hydrogen, with large world reserves and can be used as raw material to produce petrochemicals and fuels; however, efficient CH4 conversion under mild conditions remains a challenge due to its low reactivity. In addition, the methane conversion coupled with water splitting, which is the purpose of this work, is quite interesting and desirable, due to the production of hydrogen in a more sustainable way. One of the alternative ways to convert CH4 under low temperatures is Heterogeneous Photocatalysis, which will be used in the present study. When a semiconductor photocatalyst absorbs light with a wavelength greater than or equal to its bandgap, electrons are photoexcited to the conduction band and holes (h+) are formed in the valence band, forming the so-called electron-hole pairs, which in turn can initiate various redox reactions (Figure 1). Solar Photocatalysis would be an ideal method to convert methane and produce hydrogen from water. In this project, photocatalysts with different compositions and morphologies will be developed based on noble metals nanoparticles (Pt, Pd, Au, Ag) supported on TiO2 P25. The final goal is to obtain more active photocatalysts to increase the quantum efficiency of the system.

    Palavras-Chave: methane; photocatalysis; semiconductor materials; hydrogen production

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  • IPEN-DOC 29567

    MOREIRA, TATIANA M. ; ULRICH, JOAO C. ; GENOVA, LUIS A. . Adsorção em coluna de leito fixo com microesferas de alumina aplicadas no tratamento de efluente contendo metais pesados / XXXXX. In: ENCONTRO TÉCNICO AESABESP, 33.; CONGRESSO NACIONAL DE SANEAMENTO E MEIO AMBIENTE; FEIRA NACIONAL DE SANEAMENTO E MEIO AMBIENTE, 13-15 de setembro, 2022, São Paulo, SP. Anais... São Paulo, SP: AESABESP - Associação dos Engenheiros da Sabesp, 2022. p. 1-7.

    Abstract: Metais pesados estão entre os poluentes mais danosos para o meio ambiente e para o ser humano. Estão presentes em diversos processos industriais, exigindo tratamentos mais eficientes para que os efluentes gerados estejam em níveis aceitáveis antes do descarte. A adsorção é uma técnica amplamente empregada por sua eficiência e baixo custo. Neste trabalho foram confeccionadas pelo método de gelificação interna, microesferas de alumina porosa, pura e dopada com sílica, visando a otimização do tratamento do efluente aquoso contendo Zn, Ni e Mn, proveniente do processo de fosfatização tricatiônica de carrocerias empregado na indústria automotiva. As microesferas calcinadas a 600ºC e 700°C foram caracterizadas quanto à distribuição de tamanhos, área de superfície específica (BET), adsorção gasosa (BJH), difração de raios X (DRX) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Para o tratamento do efluente em coluna de leito fixo, preenchida com as microesferas, avaliou-se o efeito da vazão. A concentração dos metais pesados, ao longo dos ensaios, foi analisada por espectrometria de emissão ótica por plasma acoplado (ICP-OES). Como resultado, obteve-se mais de 90% de adsorção destes metais pesados, em regime de coluna de leito fixo, indicando alta eficiência das microesferas de alumina como adsorventes destes íons de metais pesados.

    Palavras-Chave: heavy metals; adsorption; microspheres; aluminium oxides

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  • IPEN-DOC 29566

    FERRAZ, RENATO R.N.; BARNABE, ANDERSON S.; QUONIAM, LUC; AQUINO, SIMONE . World panorama of sporotrichosis patent deposit and use of patent information for problem solving in underdeveloped countries scenario. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT, 18th, October 13-15, 2021, Online. Proceedings... São Paulo, SP: TECSI - FEA/USP, 2021. p. 1-15. DOI: 10.5748/18CONTECSI/PSE/DSC/6744

    Abstract: Sporotrichosis is a neglected disease occurring worldwide, described as an occupational risk disease, affecting farmers, gardeners, and agricultural workers. Patents have territorial restrictions, being valid only in countries that have granted a patent license, which allows their free reproduction in countries where protection has not been extended. The use of tools that extract, organize, analyze and allow the targeted selection of interest documents can contribute to solution of problems in technologically less developed countries. This study aims to analyze the main patents related to diagnosis of sporotrichosis on Espacenet, a patent base with more than 120 million documents, seeking to select free documents for exploitation, with low cost of reproduction, and that can be used to at least minimize problems related to sporotrichosis. Patent2net, an open-source patent collector, was used to search in Espacenet, a database with more than 120 million of patents, documents that will be freely applied in Brazil. We identify a Taiwanese patent related to a kit for rapid detection of Sporothrix infection, that can be freely manufactured Brazil and other underdeveloped countries. The technometric analysis performed with P2N can be replicated by any interested in search of technological solutions for numerous problems, especially in poor countries.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29565

    OTOMO, JULIANA I. ; GIMENEZ, MAISE P. ; ANDRADE, MARIANA N. de ; MONTEIRO, LUCILENA R. ; NASCIMENTO, LETICIA da S. ; BATAGLIA, HENRIQUE ; LEAO, PAULO H.B. ; CECILIO, PRISCILA de S. ; BERGAMASCHI, VANDERLEI ; COUTINHO, JOAO F. ; BUSTILLOS, JOSE O.W.V. . Optimizations on Lithium ion exchange separation and isotopic measurements. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 389-390.

    Abstract: Introduction: The Lithium-7 is of interest for nuclear application, being used for primary cooling of PWR (Pressurized Water Reactor) reactors [1]. An environmentally friendly technique is required to replace the Mercury amalgam technique used worldwide [1,2]. This work aims to present the preliminary results of the development of 7Li separation by ion exchange. Methods: A 120 mm x1.0 cm i.d. glass column filled with Dowex 50W-x16 resin was used. A total of 3.0 liters of 0.2 M CH3COOLi solution percolated the column in order to saturate and displace the formed band of 6Li and 7Li. Fractions were collected every 50 mL, then the resin was washed with 5M HNO3 and ultrapure water. The fractions were filtered and evaporated at 80°C, finally taken up with HNO3 1%. Samples were analyzed by ICP-OES – SPECTRO ARCOS. The fractions were analyzed by ICP-MS, model ELAN 6000 – SCIEX. For isotopic ratio measurement, with the parameters of gas flow of approximately 1.1 L min-1, RF 600 W, gas flow rate 1.2 L min-1, Peak Hopping mode, dwell time 80 and 480 for 6Li and 7Li (respectively), 50 sweeps per reading, 1 read per replicate and 10 replicates. Results: A total of 63 samples were collected from the separation experiment. The Li isotopic ratio measured for each fraction was assessed by ANOVA one-way considering the differences among fractions. A statistical significant difference was observed between the fraction 1 and the remainder fractions and the load solution. The remaining fractions showed an isotopic ratio around the natural abundance (6Li/7Li: 7.59%/92.41% = 0.082). The isotopic ratio of this sample indicated enrichment of 7Li of 0.92% in the fraction number 30. Conclusions: The method of ion exchange with Dowex 50W-x16 resin was efficient on 7Li separation and through ICP-MS method was able to measure the δ 84%₀ enrichment of the 7Li. The isotopic separation procedure via ion exchange is still being studied, however the results are promising.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29564

    ANDRADE, MARIANA N. de ; OTOMO, JULIANA I. ; GIMENEZ, MAISE P. ; NASCIMENTO, LETICIA da S. ; NASCIMENTO, HENRIQUE B. do ; LEAO, PAULO H.B. ; CECILIO, PRISCILA de S. ; FERREIRA, JOAO C. ; BERGAMASCHI, VANDERLEI S. ; BUSTILLOS, OSCAR V. . Sodium interference in lithium isotope ratio analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 380-381.

    Abstract: Introduction: Naturally occurring lithium consists of two stable isotopes, 6Li (7.591%) and 7Li (92.409%) and have applications in nuclear technology, pharmaceutical, automotive and geological research. Enriched 7Li isotope in LiOH form has been used as a pH regulator for Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) reducing corrosion in the primary water circuit [1-3]. The determination of lithium isotopic composition was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry after ion exchange processes, which has been considered a promising technique for the separation of Li isotopes. One of the concerns in ICP-MS analysis is sodium interference. The presence of sodium in the lithium-containing sample has potential implications for the accuracy of isotopic ratio measurements. For this reason, a method is described for the study of sodium interference in 7Li 295,88%₀ and 303,30%₀ enriched solutions. Methods: For this study, the reference standard L-SVEC was used, it has an isotopic abundance of 92.409% for 7Li and 7.591% for 6Li (6Li/7Li ratio = 0.08251) and solutions enriched at 295,88%₀ (6Li/7Li ratio = 0.06661) and 303,30%₀ (6Li/7Li ratio = 0.06810) of 7Li. Concentrations of 50 μg L-1 of lithium were maintained for the solutions used and it was evaluated with the addition of 50, 100, 300, 450 and 1000 μg L-1 of sodium on the enriched samples suffered significant changes in their isotopic ratio. The ICP-MS used for the sample analysis was a PerkinElmer SCIEX Elan 6000. For the isotopic ratio measurement the parameters used was nebulizer gas flow of approximately 0.94 L min-1 , Radio Frequency (RF) 600 W, gas flow rate 1.2 L min-1 , Peak Hopping mode, dwell time 80 and 480 ms for 6Li and 7Li respectively, 50 sweeps per reading, 1 read per replicate and 10 replicates. Results: For this study, 24 samples were analyzed being divided into four sets of samples with 6 samples each set. The sets were composed of samples without addition of sodium and samples with addition of 50, 100, 300, 450 and 1000 μg L-1 of sodium. The first set of samples, composed of the 295,88%₀ enriched sample, had a standard deviation of 3.59✕10-4. The second set of samples, composed of the 303,30%₀ enriched sample, had a standard deviation of 2.63✕10-4. The third and fourth set of samples, composed of aliquots of the L-SVEC standard, obtained a standard deviation of 2.22✕10-4 e 2.54✕10-4, respectively. Showing that the addition of sodium did not significantly interfere in the ratio of lithium isotopes 6 and 7 according to standard deviation. Conclusions: Through the results obtained from the experiment, it was observed that the variation in the ratio between isotopes 6 and 7 of lithium was not significant for the results of analysis in ICP-MS. However, it should be noted that for the purposes of lithium isotope separation processes using ion exchange resins, the interference of sodium in the chromatographic separation needs to be evaluated.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29563

    TAPPIZ, BRUNO ; SILVA, PAULO S.C. da ; OSTERMANN, CAROLINE ; LIMA, NICOLE P. de ; ANDRADE, MARIANA N. de ; BUSTILLOS, OSCAR V. . Comparison of 238U mass fraction measured by ICP–MS and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis techniques. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 237-238.

    Abstract: Introduction: Uranium is an element present in ambient air, water, soil and rocks [1]. The most abundant natural radioisotope of this actinide (238U) produces in its chain decay the radionuclide 222Rn [2], which is a tracer for atmospheric mixing and transport model validations [3]. The 238U activity concentration in superficial soil samples is a crucial parameter for some 222Rn flux map modeling methodologies [4]. Methods: In this study, 18 superficial soil samples were analyzed. The content of 238U was assessed using two techniques: (i) by the comparative method of the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) [5] and by ICP–MS (ELAN 6000, PerkinElmer) [6]. Certified Reference Materials (CRM) SRM 1646a Estuarine Sediment and USG STM–2 were used both as comparators in the INAA technique and to ensure quality control. The normality and homoscedasticity of the data were evaluated. Finally, the Mann- Whitney U test [7] was used to assess whether or not there is a significant difference (α = 0.05) between the two techniques. Results: The z-score was calculated to ensure quality control. Z-scores values was obtained by the Modified Horwitz Equation [8], which takes into account the order of magnitude of the content of the analyte and is independent of the CRM uncertainties, unavailable for the CRM used. The z-score values obtained (n = 3) for the radionuclide 238U were 0.5 for the CRM USG STM–2 and -0.4 for SRM 1646a. The z-scores obtained are smaller than 2 therefore they are considered satisfactory [9]. Regarding the statistical parameters of the comparison between the techniques, the normality (Shapiro Wilk) was not verified (p = 0.02 for ICP-MS and p = 0.03 for INAA). The p-value for the test for equal variances (F test) was 0.71 Mann-Whitney U test was used instead of Student’s test due to the non-verification of the normality parameter in the data. The p-value from the Mann-Whitney test (0.51) indicates that there is no significant difference between the 238U content measured by the two techniques. Conclusions: Statistical analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the 238U mass fraction measured by the ICP–MS and the INAA – comparative method. In the future, certified reference materials will also be assessed by ICP–MS in order to corroborate this statistical comparison from a metrological point of view.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29562

    ROVELO, BEATRIZ S. ; OSTERMANN, CAROLINE ; WILLIAMS, JONATHAN; TAPPIZ, BRUNO ; ZANNONI, NORA; GUENTHER, ALEX; VEGA, OSCAR . Evaluation of two statements methods by TD-GC-MS/TOF to BVOCs concentrations above the Amazon canopy. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 235-236.

    Abstract: Introduction: Many biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are chiral, meaning they naturally occur as two mirror images of the same molecule. Past and current studies on chiral BVOCs have highlighted the existence of regiospecific patterns [1] and their variability with time of the day, season and height [2]. To better elucidate the role of the tropical forest as a source or a sink of chiral VOC was determined the concentration in two distinctive GC-MS/TOF methods in Amazon rainforest. Methods: Air samples were collected in the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO), located 150 km NE of Manaus, Brazil (02°08.752’S, 59°00.335’W) [3]. The site was chosen for having a tower enclosed into the canopy allowing it to measure above the canopy height. Samples were taken at 40m height during July/2019 and 2022 (wet season). The concentration of VOC in each sample was determined through GC-TOF-MS (Markes International, UK) at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry and at University of California Irvine with the same type of detector. The GC-TOF-MS in Germany [4] is equipped with a thermal desorption unit, a chiral column and a TOF MS which operates in tandem mode and the TD-GC-MS/TOF in the USA is equipped with just one column [5]. Results: Data obtained from the chiral method shows that the concentration of enantiomeric compounds must be different than the simple column method used by the same analyser and mass detector. Conclusions: The second column in addition to TD-GC-MS/TOF can allow the enantiomeric BVOCs identification related to the amount of concentration measured in the Amazon rainforest.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29561

    LEBRE, DANIEL T. ; THIPE, VELAPHI C. ; COTRIM, MARYCEL E.B. ; BUSTILLOS, JOSE O.V. . Sugarcane beyond the sweetness: one application in green chemistry. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 72-73.

    Abstract: Introduction: Sugarcane is a well known source or raw material to produce sugar, alcohol and bioethanol. Brazil is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.), followed by India, China, and Bangladesh, all of which generate significant amounts of bagasse as a by-product of their sugar and bioethanol mills in each of these countries.1 The sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is a fibrous material remaining after the plant's stalk pressing process used to extract the sweet juice used for the industrial production of sugar and alcohol. SCB is one of the most economically viable and readily accessible agro-industrial residues in the world, particularly in tropical regions.2 Recently SCB has taken attention in scientific community, manly in chemistry, because exhibits strong biosorption capabilities, which are defined as the passive sorption of organic and inorganic substances in soluble or insoluble forms from an aqueous solution utilizing decomposing biological materials. Sarker at al. published a comprehensive study of the SCB biosorption properties and their application.3 The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the continued applicability of SCB as SPE biosorbent bed for extracting synthetic hormones (ethynylestradiol, drospirenone and levonogestrel) from pharmaceutical industrial effluent prior LC-MS/MS quantitative analysis. Methods: SPE: SCB 75 μm bed at a concentration of 50 mg was used to pack empty 1 cc (mL) SPE cartridges containing retained frits. To compare the outcomes of the recoveries, the following commercial (cSPE) were used: Oasis HLB 30 mg, 1 mL; Discovery DSC-18 50 mg, 1mL and Sulpeclean Envi-Carb, 100 mg, 1 mL. Conditioning: 1 mL of methanol and 1 mL of water; Load: 1 mL of sample; Wash: 2x 0.75 mL of water; Dry cartridge: under synthetic air flow; Elution: 2x 0.3 mL MeOH. Prior to LC-APCI-MS/MS analysis, the MeOH extracted sample residue was dried in 10 mL class assay tube under N2 gas flow at 40 ºC using and dissolved in 1 mL of 50% acetonitrile/50% water (v/v) solution. Results: The sorption effectiveness of the SCB bed was evaluated using the following experimental parameters in comparison to existing and commercially available SPE (cSPE) cartridges: (i) SCB re-use (recycling); (ii) load concentration variation; (iii) breakthrough (mass/volume capacity); (iv) pH variation; (v) extraction solvents variation (vi) particle size; and (vii) suitability for use in industrial effluent. The SCB SPE results (accuracy data ranged from 99% to 120%) were significantly acceptable for all the synthetic hormones compounds tested and analyzed in industrial effluent samples and comparable to Oasis HLB (benzene copolymer) SPE material and the others. Conclusion: Our overarching objective for developing SCB as SPE sorbent material for the analysis of synthetic hormones from industrial effluents has expanded the research area and/or application of SCB, which the biomass is often burnt to generate energy in the sugar and alcohol mills.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29560

    OSTERMANN, CAROLINE ; WILLIAMS, JONATHAN; ZANONNI, NORA; KESSELMEIER, JURGEN; TAPPIZ, BRUNO ; GUENTHER, ALEX; VEGA, OSCAR . Chiral BVOCs composition over the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest by TD-GCxGC-TOF/MS. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 64-65.

    Abstract: Introduction: Many BVOCs are chiral, meaning they exist in two non-superimposable mirror image forms termed enantiomers. Enantiomers have identical physical properties, such as boiling point, density, and reactivity to atmospheric oxidants; however, they differ in their specific biological activity. Since most monoterpene measurements do not distinguish enantiomers, relatively little is known about the natural abundance and behavior of the chiral speciated molecules. Previous studies have reported regiospecific patterns across Tropical and Boreal ecosystems for α-pinene [1] and have used them as tracers of secondary processes in air and soil [2][3], highlighting the potential use of chiral compounds in air to decipher processes linking the biosphere with the atmosphere. To better understand the sources, dynamics and sinks of BVOC in the forest environment we have investigated chiral BVOC in the pristine Amazonian rainforest environment at Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) is located 150 km from Manaus/BR and in Atlantic Forest located in the Ecological Immigrant Park (PEI) at São Paulo/BR in 2019. Methods: Samples collected in 2019, were thermally desorbed, separated and analyzed through a Bench-TOF select (TD-GCxGC-TOF/MS tandem ionization-14eV and -70eV) from Markes International, UK. First, all samples through to Thermo-Desorption, that one we separated in two desorption: Primary one we use at the cartridges during 10 min in 250°C and in the second one is for trap during 10 min with 250°C. In the GC the column is Dimethyl TBS Cyclodextrin based so the oven was settled in 5 min at 40°C and 1.5°C/min during the temperature increase from 40°C until 150°C and then 30°C/min from 150°C until 200°C. Results: The VOCs and their chirals analyzed are: (-/+) α- Pinene, (-/+) Camphene, (-/+) β- Pinene, (-/+) Limonene, these chiral are of extreme importance because the fact of obtaining the same chemical composition, but different geometries the (-) and (+) differ in nature in their function/aroma, for example the ( -) α- Pinene is found in pine and (+) α- Pinene is found in eucalyptus, such as (-) Limonene emitted by orange and (+) Limonene emitted by lemon. The separation method was specifically designed for the separation of chiral monoterpenes (C H ) and sesquiterpenes (C H ). A chiral column is therefore needed to separate the two enantiomers, standard columns for GC-MS, comparing to an online PTR-MS would not allow enantiomeric separation. Conclusions: It was concluded that the ratio between the pairs of enantiomeric concentrations show a temporal and spatial variability. In forests not disturbed by humans, was found a significant amount of (-) α-Pinene, and due to human interference located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, (+) Limonene was the BVOC with the highest concentration.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29559

    KIBRIT, EDUARDO ; MACHADO, ROGERIO J.; KRUGLIANSKAS, ISAK. Gestão da inovação sustentável: estudo de caso único em uma startup. In: SENHORAS, ELOI M. (Org.). Administração: Estudos Contemporâneos. Boa Vista, RR: Editora IOLE, 2022. p. 45-79, cap. 2.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29558

    NETO, A.B.C. . Risks to be considered in nuclear reactor decommissioning projects in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 4, p. 1-24, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2111

    Abstract: In recent years, Brazil has intensified investments in nuclear innovation for peaceful purposes. Currently, in the country, there are six reactors in operation and three under construction. These reactors, at the end of their useful life, must be decommissioned, in a process that includes technical and administrative actions aimed at the partial or total removal of regulatory control, with a view of to the safety of the installation site, the health of employees, the public, and the protection of the environment. Thus, these activities involve risks that must be managed systematically, following the rules and guidelines established by responsible bodies. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) recently identified the need for practical guidelines for risk management in decommissioning projects and elaborated the publication “Management of Project Risks in Decommissioning” of the Safety Reports Series Nº 97. In Brazil, there is no experience in execution the decommissioning of nuclear reactors, thus, this work will present and analyze the main risks of nuclear reactor decommissioning projects in Brazil, using techniques from the risk assessment process of the ISO/IEC 31010 Standard, considering the wide international experience portrayed on the subject.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29557

    ARAUJO, M.M. ; REIS, F.C. ; ROMANO, J.I.S. ; ARTHUR, V.. Effects of gamma radiation on adults of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) collected in the retail trade in São Paulo/SP city. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 4, p. 1-12, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2086

    Abstract: Brazil is one of the world's largest grain producers, and inadequate storage favors the appearance of pests. Among the most important insect species, the genus Sitophilus and Tribolium stand out. The constant use of chemical pesticides leads to the selection of resistant populations and the need to study different methods for integrated control. Considering these aspects, the present study aimed to evaluate the mortality of adult individuals of S. zeamais in brown rice and T. castaneum in wheat flour, collected on substrates sold in the retail trade in São Paulo/SP city, exposed to increasing doses of gamma radiation. The experiment was carried out at the Radiation Technology Center at the Institute for Energetic and Nuclear Research – IPEN/USP, the substrates with the specimens were irradiated with doses of 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 Gy in a Cobalt-60 source, type Gammacell 220, at a dose rate of 0.903 kGy/hour. The experiment consisted of 4 replicates per treatment and each replicate 10 insects, in a total of 40 insects per treatment, and the statistical design was completely randomized. The dose of 75 Gy was sufficient to obtain 100% efficiency for S. zeamais, but the dose of 200 Gy did not reach satisfactory efficiency for controlling T. castaneum. Therefore, a dose of 400 Gy should be recommended for the control of these two insect species in their respective substrates.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29556

    FONTOLAN, A.F.A.M. ; SOUZA, C.D. de . Assessment of public perception of radioactivity in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 4, p. 1-19, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2095

    Abstract: Nuclear energy divides public opinion with its “good” and “bad” applications. Almost immediately after the discovery of radiation, radioactive elements purified by the Curies were used in health treatments, but with the nuclear bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the subject was marked by bad public opinion, being related to death and destruction. Nowadays, nuclear physics is used in many important fields, such nuclear medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of various types of diseases, but the prejudice and lack of knowledge of the general public has not yet improved its “fame”. This work proposes to change a little of this paradigm. Through a questionnaire, the public perception of radioactivity was evaluated. The most important result obtained is that the public is interested in learning about radiation and nuclear energy and is willing to change their negative views.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29555

    BORSOI, S.S.; BARONI, D.B.; MATTAR NETO, M. ; OLIVEIRA, P.S.P. ; MATURANA, M.C.. Risk-based design of electric power systems for non-conventional nuclear facilities at shutdown modes. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-17, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2063

    Abstract: The work presents a methodology for assessing the safety of electrical system designs for non-conventional nuclear facilities in shutdown. The methodology adopts the core damage frequency as the main risk measure to assess the different architectures of power systems in a non-conventional nuclear facility. Among the reasons is the absence of a specific regulatory basis for this type of installation. The adoption of standards for nuclear power plants by non-conventional nuclear facilities does not take into account the functional and operational particularities of these installations, imposing criteria that are often overestimated, which can even lead to an increase in the financial risk for carrying out the projects. Safety probabilistic analyzes become essential tools for the facilities design and licensing. The modeling and quantification of systems failures in charge of ensuring the nuclear safety of non-conventional nuclear facilities are carried out in the CAFTA software environment. In these studies, the analysis of electrical system configurations and their influence on the overall risk of the installation stand out.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29554

    FERRARI, L.A. ; AYOUB, J.M.S. ; TAVARES, R.L.A.; SILVA, A.L.C.; SENEDA, J.A. . Must nuclear energy be increased on Brazilian energy mix in a Post-COVID-19 world?. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-20, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1920

    Abstract: This paper aims to discuss the convenience and feasibility of increasing the nuclear energy participation on the Brazilian energy mix, amid a national context of climate change, scarcity of natural resources necessary to baseload energy generation, particularly hydropower, discussions on a possible restart and expansion of Brazilian nuclear program, whilst the population still suffers socioeconomic impacts resulting from COVID-19 pandemic as well as the pre-pandemic economic crisis. The work proposes four analysis axes: environmental factors, economic, safety/legislation and technological aspects, and through bibliographic research in scientific articles published in journals, theses, dissertations, laws, regulations and international recommendations, it was possible, as a result of the research, to draw an optimistic overview of a possible future expansion of the Brazilian nuclear program, considering the advantages and challenges of using the nuclear alternative when compared to other energy sources.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29553

    CELESTINO, P.A.P. ; SORDI, G.M.A.A. . Study of radiation protection vestments for maintenance of mobile nuclear power plants. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-16, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1867

    Abstract: Most radiation exposure to personnel comes from inspection, maintenance, and repair within the reactor compartment. The objective of this paper was to discover the garment that, at the same time, presents the best result for the attenuation of ionizing radiation, as well as good ergonomics for the maintenance professional of mobile nuclear plants. For this, market research was carried out and, as a result, nine Radiation Protection Vestments (VPRs) were found, from five different manufacturers and from three countries, the United States, Japan and China; and which are feasible to be acquired. To choose the VPR, the optimization techniques of CIPR 55 were used: Multi-Attribute Utility Analysis and Multi-Criteria Outranking Analysis. Based on the information provided by the manufacturers, five attributes were chosen for comparison: protection cost, percentage of ionizing radiation attenuation, weight, discomfort, and surface decontamination of the vestment. To verify the robustness of the analytical solution, the values of the scaling constants were re-calculated, where it was observed that the analytical solution found is strongly influenced when the protection cost is changed, as it is the highest cost VPR among all those surveyed. The VPR chosen by both optimization techniques was the STEMRAD 360, which has the highest attenuation of ionizing radiation, as well as being the VPR with greater emphasis on ergonomics.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29552

    SILVA, T.P.; MATURANA, M.C.; OLIVEIRA, P.S.P. de ; MATTAR NETO, M. . External Events PSA: requirements applicable to new nuclear installations projects after Fukushima Daiichi accident. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-8, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1977

    Abstract: Since the Fukushima Daiichi accident, external events analysis has become a priority issue within regulatory bodies, operators, and designers, raising concerns about the capabilities of nuclear power plants to withstand severe conditions. Generally, the methodology applied to the Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) of external events consists of the identification of potential single and combined external hazards, screening of external hazards, analysis of site and plant response, analysis of initiating events and quantification of accident sequences probabilities. Therefore, in this paper, the requirements and other information on new nuclear installations projects necessary to implement a comprehensive PSA of external events throughout plant lifetime are evaluated. In addition, it is necessary to clearly identify all the resources that must be available to continuously expand PSA scope to include all types of initiating events, levels of analysis and plant operation modes.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29551

    FALOPPA, A.A. ; FAINER, G. ; FIGUEIREDO, C.D.R. ; CARVALHO, D.S.M. ; MATTAR NETO, M. . IEA-R1 renewed primary system pump B1-B nozzles stress analysis. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-14, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1892

    Abstract: The present report is a summary of the structural analysis of the pump nozzles applying the finite element method by using the Ansys computer program. The IEA-R1 RR is an open pool-type moderated and cooled by light water using beryllium/graphite as a reflector. The reactor can reach up to 5MW of thermal power cooled by the primary and secondary systems. The primary coolant system consists of a piping arrangement, a decay tank, two pumps, and two heat exchangers. The primary pump B1-B presented some failures requiring refurbishment by a new one. The pump used in the IEA-R1 must meet the requirements inherent to the nuclear installation, in addition to the operational requirements for rotating equipment, such as flow and pressure, and structural integrity of the body and nozzles. The supplier specified the type of pump suitable for the System. The pump furnished granted mechanical allowable loads for the nozzles that were lower than the loads imposed by the piping on the nozzles. To enable the installation of the pump in the primary circuit, new support was inserted in the piping system next to the pump minimizing efforts and deformations. A piping stress analysis was carried out to obtain the new efforts imposed on the nozzles. For validation of the motor pump set, a verification of the nozzles was done compared with API 610 standard loads, and the allowable loads of the provider. Finally, a structural analysis of the pump nozzles with the new loads was developed using the finite element method. The calculated stresses meet the limits prescribed by the ASME code; therefore, the new B1-B Pump is approved for operation at the IEA-R1 Nuclear Research Reactor primary circuit.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29550

    VASQUEZ, P.A.S. ; NAGAI, M.L.E. ; OLIVEIRA, M.J.A. ; OTUBO, L. ; SOMESSARI, E.S.R. . Preservation of photographic and cinematographic films by electron-beam irradiation. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACCELERATORS FOR RESEARCH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, May 23-27, 2022, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA, 2022.

    Abstract: The Nuclear and Energy Research Institute – IPEN through the Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility and the Electron Beam Irradiation Facilities has disinfected several tangible cultural collections from the University of São Paulo – USP. Brazilian weather conditions added to the actions of insects and fungi promote biodegradation especially in cellulose-based materials. In this sense, ionizing radiation is an excellent alternative to the traditional preservation process mainly because the biocidal action. Electron beam irradiation also presents new possibilities for processing materials with greater speed, despite having limited penetration. Adequate storage of photographic and cinematographic materials is a challenge for experts from preservation institutions. Contamination by fungi is one of leading causes of problem in this kind of collections. In addition, another common physicochemical degradation affecting cellulose triacetate films causing deacetylation of polymer chain is called “vinegar syndrome”. In this work are presented results of the effect of the electron beam irradiation on photographic and cinematographic films using an electron beam accelerator with energy of 1.5 MeV and beam power of 37.5 kW. Selected film samples were characterized by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and FEGSEM-EDS microscopy. Samples were irradiated with absorbed dose between 2 kGy and 200 kGy. Irradiated samples were analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FEGSEM, thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results showed that disinfection by electron beam radiation can be achieved safely applying radiation absorbed doses between 6 kGy to 10 kGy with no significant change or modification of main properties of the constitutive polymeric materials. Electron beam irradiation, due to the effect of crosslinking is presented as an alternative to treat films affected by “vinegar syndrome” applying absorbed dose of 80 kGy in order to increase shelf life of cultural heritage materials.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29549

    CALVO, W.A.P. ; MUNHOZ, P.M. ; SOMESSARI, S.L. ; DUARTE, C.L. ; SPRENGER, F.E. ; FEHER, A. ; LAINETTI, F.F. ; GASPAR, R.R. ; NASCIMENTO, F.C. ; SILVA, L.G.A. ; HARADA, J. ; BRAGA, A. ; RODRIGUES, M.; SAMPA, M.H.O. . Electron beam processing to improve biodegradable polymers and for industrial wastewater treatment and recycling. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACCELERATORS FOR RESEARCH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, May 23-27, 2022, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA, 2022.

    Abstract: Radiation technology has been used to control environmental pollution. The aim of these studies was to apply the electron beam radiation technology for controlling plastic pollution and environmental protection.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29548

    KOTANI, PALOMA O. ; FERRO, DAPHNE M. ; TAVARES, LAURA P. ; AFFONSO, REGINA ; ORTIZ, NILCE . Using TiO2-Diatomite for photodisinfection in contaminated wastewater. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 212-212.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The urban pressure reduced water availability and quality through the years, promoting the development of water treatment and disinfection processes such as the Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP). A highly efficient catalyst with Diatomite as biotemplate and solar energy can enhance hydroxyl radicals (OH) production for disinfection and pollutants degradation. Preliminary TiO2-Diatomite experiments with Escherichia coli provided valuable insights on its photodisinfection efficiency, legitimating its usage in the wastewater samples presented in this study. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the use of TiO2-Diatomite in photodisinfection process in contaminated wastewater. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TiO2 synthesis used titanium isopropoxide sol-gel process with Diatomite powder, the filtration step followed the mixed water suspension, and the drying process lasted overnight. The wastewater samples were collected from a household washing machine and 0.05 g of TiO2-Diatomite were added in the photodisinfection reactor. The total reaction lasted for 90 minutes in the solar chamber with all parameters controlled. The suspension aliquots were collected after 30 minutes of agitation and plated on LB agar at Petri plates. After incubation, the emerged colonies were counted through software (OpenCFU) and the data processed using R programming language. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrograph of TiO2-Diatomite presented enhanced surface area and microstructure obtained by biotemplate addition. The bacterial inactivation percentage was above 75 % for 1 hour of solar radiation exposure. Kinetics models indicated better correspondence with interparticle reaction. CONCLUSION: Photodisinfection kinetics studies provided more efficient bacterial inactivation with the addition of 0.05 g of TiO2-Diatomite in the sample. The study presents an affordable and sustainable treatment using a viable renewable energy source for application in distant areas with contaminated effluents with the addition of a reagent easily obtained by government agencies.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29547

    RAPOSO, BRUNO L.; SOUZA, SUEDEN O.; SANTANA, GLEYCIANE S. de; SARMENTO-NETO, JOSE F.; SANTOS, BEATE S.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; REBOUCAS, JULIO S.; CABRAL FILHO, PAULO E.; FONTES, ADRIANA. Biophotonic strategy associated with hexyl zinc porphyrin for inactivation of Candida spp.. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 271-271.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The genus Candida is among the most frequent fungal pathogens worldwide. The indiscriminate use of antifungals enables the spread of resistant strains, which have been associated with high morbidity and mortality. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a promising technology to treat resistant Candida spp. infections. PDI occurs when light excites a photosensitizer (PS) leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Zn(II) porphyrins (ZnPs) present high efficiency for intracellular ROS generation and structural versatility for tailored lipophilicity and ionic character, modulating the bioavailability and interaction with cellular structures. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the potential of ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+-mediated PDI to inactivate C. albicans and C. glabrata yeasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Candida yeasts (1×10^7 CFU/mL) were evaluated according to the groups: (i) control (without treatment); (ii) only ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+ (dark); (iii) only light (blue LED); and (iv) PDI (ZnP + light) using 10 min of pre-incubation. Different ZnP concentrations (0.15 to 1.25 μM) and light doses were firstly tested with C. albicans. Treated samples were diluted and seeded on Sabouraud agar for colony enumeration after incubation at 37 ºC for 24 h. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: C. albicans viability decreased with increasing ZnP concentration, achieving complete eradication at 0.8 μM and 3 min of irradiation (24.1 mW/cm²). PDI with 1.25 μM and 1 min of irradiation resulted in a 2 log10 reduction only, demonstrating the importance of light dose in microbial photoinactivation. PDI parameters were subsequently adjusted for inactivation of C. glabrata. Complete C. glabrata eradication was achieved with ZnP at 0.8 μM, and 3 min of irradiation, however, at a higher irradiance (38.4 mW/cm²). Groups treated with either light or ZnP alone did not affect Candida spp. viability. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the protocols used in this study were efficient for inactivating Candida spp. yeasts at sub-micromolar concentration ZnP and short irradiation times.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29546

    SILVA, CAMILA R. ; PEREIRA, SAULO de T. ; PRETTO, LUCAS R. de ; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. de ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Photobiomodulation therapy as a radiosensitizer for triple-negative breast cancer. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 273-273.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Radiotherapy (RT) is an essential cancer treatment and is estimated that approximately 52% of oncological patients will be submitted to this technique once. However, some tumors, such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), present radioresistance, demanding high doses of ionizing radiation (IR) and a prolonged period of treatment, which contributes to secondary malignancies due to deposition of dose in organs at risk and several side effects. Moreover, this subtype of cancer shows a high incidence of metastasis and decreases the survival expectancy of the patient. Thus, the search for new agents that can act as a radiosensitizer to improve the RT effects has been growing. Conversely, photobiomodulation therapy (PBM), which is a promising therapy with increasing adhesion in clinical practice, has been used to mitigate the adverse effects of RT. Indeed, recent studies have associated PBM with RT to combat cancer. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we used TNBC-bearing mice as a radioresistant cancer model to verify if PBM could act as a radiosensitizer MATERIALS AND METHODS: PBM was applied in two different protocols before the RT with a high dose (60 Gy fractioned in 4 sessions). We evaluated the tumor volume progression, animal clinical evolution, lung metastases by optical coherence tomography, and animal survival DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: Our data indicate that PBM before each RT session arrested the tumor volume, improved the clinical signals of the animals, reduced the nodules in the lung, and extended animal survival. CONCLUSION: In the light of the knowledge gained, our data indicate that PBM could act as a radiosensitizer.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29545

    PRATA, BEATRIZ A. ; SANTOS, CAROLINA M. dos ; AFFONSO, REGINA . Optimization of the process of expression in E. coli and purification of the catalytic sites of the ACE1 by the ELP-Intein system. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 220-220.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) is a fundamental part of the renin-angiotensin system; this has two domains, N- and C-, each of which has a catalytic site that exhibits 60% sequence identity. Its actions are in the control of blood pressure, protection of the brain by cleavage of beta-amyloid bodies, cell proliferation, formation of hematopoietic stem cells, among others. OBJECTIVES: Obtaining the catalytic sites Ala361 to Gly468 (N domain region, csACEN) and Ala959 to Ser1066 (C domain region, csACEC) in pure form and with their correct structural conformation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Expression conditions of pE1csACEN and pE1csACEC vectors in E. coli BL21(DE3) strain: cultures grown in Terrific Broth at 37⁰C at 140 rpm for 20–24 h and 0.1 mM IPTG. Purification by Elastin-like Polypeptide (ELP) precipitation: ELP-bound catalytic sites were purified with two ammonium sulfate precipitations (ASp). Remotion of ELP: by autocleavage of the Intein sequence using the buffers: sodium phosphate, sodium cacodylate, MES and Tris-HCl. The ELP/Intein was removed from the sample by ASp. The analyzes of all stages of the process were performed by SDS-PAGE and Dot blotting. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The differential for obtaining the pure peptides was the temperature of 37⁰C, with a significant increase in expression concerning the cultivation of 16⁰C. In the ELP purification steps, ammonium sulfate buffer concentrations of 0.57 M and 0.8 M were the most efficient. Intein's self-cleaving was more efficient with MES buffers and Tris-HCl for ELPsACEN and ELPsACEC, respectively. Structural analysis by Circular Dichroism and Fluorescence confirmed the correct structure of the pure peptides. CONCLUSION: In the present work, we defined the most efficient conditions for expression, purification, and obtaining of ACE catalytic sites in pure form. The csACEN and csACEC peptides will allow greater assertiveness in obtaining and characterizing new hypertensive drugs and in the hydrolysis of substrates such as beta-amyloid.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29544

    CABRAL, FERNANDA V. ; SMITH, TERRY K.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Lipidomics analysis of Leishmania amazonensis following photoxidative stress. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 272-272.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a well-known light-based technology that has been widely studied as an alternative approach to fight cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). APDT induces lipid peroxidation in cellular membranes due to the generation of oxidative stress OBJECTIVES: In this study, we evaluated the role of 1,9- dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB)-mediated APDT on a wild-type (WT) and a miltefosine-resistant (MF) strain of Leishmania amazonesis and analyzed several cellular processes to get insights into the underlying mechanisms of APDT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this, APDT was carried out using red light (λ= 67012 nm) and promastigotes were exposed to different concentrations of DMMB at 8 J/cm2. Then, we measured mitochondrial potential and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and analyzed quantitative lipidomics of the main phospholipid classes using electrospray-mass spectrometry. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: As a result, we observed overproduction of ROS, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and a rapid lipid remodeling immediately after APDT. Of note, MF showed a higher content in levels of phosphatidylcholine (PC) as compared to the WT line before treatment, which suggests it could be also involved in the MF resistance mechanism. In addition, results showed that after APDT, PC levels were substantially decreased, while new phospholipid species of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were increased. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our data suggest DMMB-mediated APDT promoted a significant lipid peroxidation in the parasite's membrane of both strains, which failed to manage redox imbalance, thus resulting in cellular malfunction and death.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29543

    SEPULVEDA, ANDERSON F.; VOLLRATH-KUMPGDEE, MONT; FRANCO, MARGARETH K.K.D. ; YOKAICHIYA, FABIANO; ARAUJO, DANIELE R. de. Hyaluronic acid incorporation modulates rheological and drug release properties in Poloxamer-based hydrogels. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 254-254.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Synthetic polymer Poloxamer (PL) 407 (15% and 30% w/w) and binary formulation PL 407 15% + PL 338 15% (BF), with natural polymer hyaluronic acid 0.5% w/w, were designed as bupivacaine or ropivacaine thermosensitive release systems. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work is to characterize structure and stability of drug delivery systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: These systems were characterized by calorimetry, rheology, SANS, and release profile. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: Calorimetry results demonstrated all formulations are stable at storage and physiological temperatures. PL 407 30% and BF systems are structurally more organized and with higher consistency (G’/G’’ ~ 50) at 37 °C and with lower gelation temperature (Tg ~ 14 °C) than PL 407 15% ones (G’/G’’ ~ 0.30 and Tg ~ 45 °C, respectively), however BFs have increased viscosity and slightly higher stiffness (G’/G’’ ~ 60) when compared to PL 407 30% formulations, due to more hydrophilicity of PL 338 chains than PL 407. Adding HA, it is observed enhanced viscosity but diminished consistency (G’/G’’ ~ 0.40). When a drug is incorporated, it is seen that it promotes increased interaction between chains. Although material alteration when incorporating HA or drug is observed, SANS results showed that the type of supramolecular structure is dependent on the concentration of Poloxamer. Systems with low concentration of Poloxamer have lamellar type, while formulations with 30% of Poloxamer have both cubic and hexagonal structures. In addition, PL 407 30% formulations undergo greater compression when bupivacaine is added (~ 29.7 nm at 25 °C and 37 °C). As drug release profiles showed, BFs release drugs in a more controlled way than other formulations. Moreover, HA hinders the release of both drugs. CONCLUSION: Thus, it is clear that the incorporation of more hydrophilic polymers is able to modulate the drug release rate according to the hydrogels rheological parameters.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29542

    OLIVEIRA, SORAIA B. de ; FERREIRA, LUANA da S. ; MARUMO, MARIA H.B. . Expression profile of zinc channels in human renal cell carcinoma after Temsirolimus treatment. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 364-364.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Zinc is an essential trace element for cell proliferation and growth. Cellular Zn is regulated of by ZnT and ZIP family channels but its mechanism still not completely understood. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most malignant renal tumors. The RCC clear cell pathological subtype is associated with the VHL gene mutation, that is responsible for its aggressiveness. Temsirolimus (TEM), an antineoplastic drug used in the treatment of RCC, is a selective inhibitor of mTOR. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the expression of zinc channels in clear cell renal carcinoma cell line with and without TEM treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium-bromide) assay was used define IC50. The expression of ZnT1, ZnT4, ZIP11 and ZIP14 channels from the HK-2, 786-0 and 786-0/TEM cells was evaluated by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The IC50 dose was 10μM. Gene expression analysis comparing Hk-2 and 786-0 cell lines revealed decreased levels of ZnT1 of 79.20±3.58% (P< 0.0001 vs HK-2) and an increase for the ZIP 11 of 243.3±62.84% (P< 0.01 vs HK-2). The comparison between 786-0 with and without TEM treatment showed decreased levels of ZnT1 of 34.03±20.45% (P< 0.05 vs 786-0), ZnT4 of 92.82±0.72% (P< 0.0001vs 786-0), ZIP14 of 11.24% (P< 0.01 vs 786-0) and ZIP11 of 95.96±0.54% (P< 0.0001 vs 786-0). Western blot data corroborated the real time results. CONCLUSION: There is a difference in the Zn channel expression profiles between HK-2 and 786-0. The treatment with TEM modulates the expression of these channels.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29541

    TEIXEIRA, LUIZ F.S. ; BELLINI, MARIA H. . Evaluation of angiogenic capacity of human adenocarcinoma cell line knockout for NF-ĸΒ1 protein. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 415-415.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common adult renal epithelial cancer. The most frequent subtype of RCC is clear cell (ccRCC). Most of ccRCC patients have a mutation in the Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene. The VHL gene encodes a protein, the VHL, which can up-regulate a series of intracellular proteins, including the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). The transcription factor NF-кB is increased in the ccRCC. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of the NF-кB1 gene knockout on the VEGF and IL6 expression in the human RCC cells under normoxia and hypoxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The CRISPR/Cas-9 technique was used to obtain 786-0 cells knockout for the NF-кB1 protein. Western Blot assay was used to selected the clones. A hypoxia-inducing humid chamber was used and its effectiveness was validated its effectiveness was certified by the analysis of HIF-2α expression levels. The quantification of VEGF and IL-6 levels was measured using Real Time-PCR and MILLIPLEX assay. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The VEGF gene expression in the clones was significantly lower than that presented by the control both in normoxia (786-0-sg1 99.68±0.09%, 786-0-sg2 78.55±0.85%, 786-0-sg3 91.70±0.87%) and in hypoxia (786-0-sg1 98.30±1.49%, 786-0-sg2 75.21±4.14%, 786-0-sg3 98.44±0.18%). The expression of IL-6 gene was also significant lower in normoxia (786-0-sg1 49.03±0.80%, 786-0-sg2 76.59±12.43%, 786-0-sg3 66.98±10.89%) and in hypoxia (786-0-sg1 95.85±0.36%, 786-0-sg2 96.45±0.49%, 786-0-sg3 91.08±1.42%). The MILLIPLEX results show that there was a significant reduction of both VEGF and IL-6 in the culture medium of cells knocked out in normoxia and hypoxia compared to control group. CONCLUSION: Suppression of p50 expression in the clones resulted in the reduction of VEGF and IL6 in both conditions. The reduction in the IL-6 relative expression hypoxia/normoxia demonstrates a change in cellular responsiveness to decreased levels of oxygen.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29540

    FERREIRA, LUANA da S. ; OLIVEIRA, SORAIA B. de ; BELLINI, MARIA H. . Effect of the hypoxia on the expression of zinc transporters in renal adenocarcinoma cell line. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 366-366.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a tumor responsible for about 1 to 3 % of all malignancies. The most common histological variant is the clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC), representing about 45% of all cases of RCC in adults. ccRCC is associated with the VHL gene mutation. The loss of the VHL protein prevents the degradation of HIF subunits, which are involved in critical oncogenic pathways. Zinc is an essential trace element and its cellular homeostasis is regulated by zinc transporters such as ZIPs and ZNTs. The profile of their expression in renal tumor is still unknown. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the expression profile of zinc transporters in ccRCC in normoxia and hypoxia culturing conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 786-0 tumor cells were cultured in hypoxic conditions inside a hypoxia chamber with an oxygen absorber to the atmosphere of 1% O2, 5% CO2, and 94% N2, and placed in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours. The Altair PRO Single-Gas Detector was used to measure the percentage of O2. For gene expression analysis, RTq-PCR was used and the results were analyzed by the Delta-Delta ct method. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: VEGF and HIF2a expression in 786-0 cells were evaluated to confirm the efficacy of hypoxia chamber. There was a significant increase in the VEGF expression of 312.8±2.14% (P< 0.0001) and HIF2a of 593.4±57.21% (P< 0.0092). Besides that, the gene expression analysis revealed a downregulation in the hypoxic environment of the channels ZNT9 of 71.41±0.84% (P< 0.0001), ZIP1 of 17.45±3.68% (P< 0.0418), ZIP4 of 76.3±9.75% (P< 0.0054) and ZIP10 of 44.96±4.31% (P< 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The hypoxia modulates the expression of Zn channels in 786-0 cells indicating that such channels play a role in the pathophysiology of ccRCC.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29539

    SALVEGO, CAMILA de A. ; CABRAL, FERNANDA V. ; SEABRA, AMEDEA B.; SANTANA, BIANCA de M.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Cytotoxic effects of chitosan nanoparticles containing S-nitrosoglutathione in triple-negative breast cancer cells. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 237-237.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer affecting women worldwide. Among the treatments, radiation therapy (RT) is frequently chosen as a primary strategy; however, it demands high doses of ionizing radiation to achieve a curative dose. To enhance RT effectiveness, an external agent can be used to sensitize cells before the treatment, allowing a dose reduction. Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential molecule linked to several organic processes, besides being described as a potential radiosensitizer of tumor cells by different mechanisms, including oxidative stress. However, NO have a short half-life in biological conditions, making it difficult to achieve anticancer effects. To overcome this, NO donors can be encapsulated into polymer-based nanoparticles, ensuring a sustained NO releasing. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the cytotoxicity induced by chitosan nanoparticles containing S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO-CS NPs) in 4T1 cells (murine triple-negative breast cancer). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells were cultivated, seeded in 96-well plates (2 x 10 4 cells/well), and incubated at 37ºC with 5% of CO2 for 24 h. Both CS NPs and CS NPs containing GSNO encapsulated were added to the plates at different concentrations (0-2.4 mg/ml CS NPs, 0-6 mM GSNO) and incubated for 24 h. Cytotoxic effects were evaluated through Resazurin fluorometric assay in both groups. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: Our results showed a 65% reduction in cell viability for GSNO-CS NPs groups treated at 6 mM, while only 30% of cells were killed when treated by CS NPs group. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that GSNO-CS NPs were able to promote cytotoxicity effects, thus inducing oxidative stress in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Next steps involve the use of these nanoparticles before RT to evaluate its radiosensitizer effect.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29538

    CABRAL, FERNANDA ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Photodynamic therapy towards inactivation of miltefosine-resistant Leishmania amazonensis. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 271-271.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a chronic disease developed by Leishmania parasites that promotes destructive lesions. The emergence of drug-resistant parasites has been related to the misuse of drugs, being a major threat to global health. Although antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) has been reported as an attractive treatment against a broad spectrum of drug-resistant pathogens, the use of APDT against drug-resistant Leishmania parasites has never been explored. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the effects of methylene blue-mediated APDT (MB-APDT) on promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of two different strains of Leishmania amazonensis, a wild-type (WT) and a miltefosine-resistant cell line (MFR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes were treated at different concentrations of miltefosine. Regarding APDT, we used a red LED (λ= 660±22 nm) at 20 mW/cm 2 and two MB concentrations. Parasites were exposed to radiant exposures of 0 to 25 J/cm 2 .DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The miltefosine concentration necessary to reduce 50% (EC50) MFR promastigotes was found to be 5.6-fold higher than that of the WT strain. Amastigotes were even more resistant, and the concentration needed to effectively kill MFR was not able to be calculated once it was toxic to health macrophages. Differently, both promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes were susceptible to MB-APDT. Indeed, promastigotes were equally susceptible to treatment regardless of the MB concentration. EC50 calculated for the light dose delivered was nearly 3 J/cm2, which corresponds to an exposure time of 150 s. Surprisingly, amastigotes of MFR were more susceptible to MB-APDT at 50 μM MB concentration, and the light dose necessary to reduce 50% of resistant parasites was half of that of the WT strain (2.3 J/cm 2 and 4.7 J/cm 2 , respectively). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that MB-APDT could be a promising treatment to overcome the global issue of antileishmanial drug resistance in CL.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29537

    FUNGARO, DENISE A. ; IZIDORO, JULIANA de C. . Circular economy in the sugarcane agroindustry: bagasse-fly-ash-based zeolite. In: PLANETARY HEALTH ANNUAL MEETING, October 31 - November 2, 2022, Boston, MA, USA. Abstract... Boston, MA, USA: Planetary Health Alliance, 2022. p. 129-130.

    Abstract: The sugarcane industry in the process of producing sugar and ethanol generates bagasse in large amounts. The burning of bagasse used for steam and electricity generation produces 3 million tonnes of bagasse fly ash (BFA) annually. Handling and improper disposal of BFA cause pollution in soils, air, and water, which results in environmental challenges and human health problems. The valorization of BFA is a convenient and sustainable means to reduce solid waste generation and decrease the environmental pollution load. The purpose of this research is to investigate the application of BFA for the synthesis of zeolite. Because of three-dimensional structure and unique porous properties, zeolite is a value-added product with many applications such as adsorbent material and industrial catalysis. After separation of the coarser particles containing mainly unburned carbon, fine particles of BFA were used to synthesize zeolite by alkali fusion (550 oC; 1 h; BFA: NaOH= 1:1.2 w/w) followed by hydrothermal treatment at 100 °C for 3 h. Si/Al molar ratio of 1.0 was adjusted with an external alumina source. BFA and synthesized zeolite were characterized using XFR, XRD, and MEV. The results showed that BFA may be used effectively for the synthesis of zeolite NaA with high purity comparable with the commercial product. Zeolite NaA is employed in sugarcane mills in the dehydration processes for the removal of water from the hydrated ethanol. Thus, the application of BFA in zeolitization process strategy provides not only environmental and economic benefits for the sugarcane agroindustry but also contributes to a circular economy and towards the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 12.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29536

    SANTIAGO, RAQUEL; VIANNA, DANIELA; FUNGARO, DENISE A. ; VIANNA, NELZAIR; SARAIVA, ANTONIO M.. Brazilian Campus Ambassador Program as an educational strategy on Planetary Health. In: PLANETARY HEALTH ANNUAL MEETING, October 31 - November 2, 2022, Boston, MA, USA. Abstract... Boston, MA, USA: Planetary Health Alliance, 2022. p. 34-34.

    Abstract: The Brazilian Campus Ambassadors Program (BCAP) of Planetary Health Brazil has the mission of formally recognizing the leaders of the Next Generation in Planetary Health (PH). Throughout the ten months of the program, under the mentoring of professors and researchers, the ambassadors build their PH network and develop organizational and leadership skills. Along the BCAP, the ambassadors acquire skills and tools to take a leading role in their place of action, educate their community, and facilitate collaboration among the existing fields and initiatives on human health and climate change. The target public are undergraduate and graduate students, who acted as multipliers to involve the academic community and the civil society. This way, the BCAP, which is currently in its second edition, works as a strategy to spread the concept of PH in the Brazilian academic environment, giving it a greater capillarity to be inserted in the different areas of education. In 2021, the first edition of the program, we had 249 ambassadors, accompanied by 33 mentors, and 90 of them managed to finish the activities. For 2022, we opted for a smaller intake: 87 ambassadors, accompanied by 23 mentors - to provide more focused mentoring. The result of the 2021 edition was the union of ambassadors from different areas of knowledge in the realization of lectures, online events and lives, workshops, and active participation in the organization and Poster Sessions of PHAM 2021. They learned the value of working together and communicating in an accessible language. At the same time, they learned that we all have our role in PH, broadening their initial vision on the theme. It is worth highlighting the quantity and quality of the ambassadors' activities, even with the limitations imposed COVID-19 pandemic, even generating the insertion of SP content in undergraduate and graduate courses at Brazilian universities.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29535

    MONTEDO, UIARA B.; SANTOS, BARBARA J. dos . Food security and urban gardens, the case of São Paulo/Brazil. In: PLANETARY HEALTH ANNUAL MEETING, October 31 - November 2, 2022, Boston, MA, USA. Abstract... Boston, MA, USA: Planetary Health Alliance, 2022. p. 12-12.

    Abstract: With Covid-19 pandemic, food insecurity in Brazil has become urgent. Since 2020, there has been an increase in unemployment and the closing of schools and day care centers, demanding joint action from society, university, government and companies. Urban and agroecological gardens were highlighted in community actions in the periphery of São Paulo, which has 106 vegetable gardens mapped by the Sampa+Rural program. These gardens are run by solidarity enterprises, which have promoted the delivery of food baskets to vulnerable families. The objective was to enhance the quality of production and ensure healthy food for about 80 families, served by 8 gardens, which contributed to generating income and thus maintaining their dynamics. The methodology consisted of a training cycle from August/21 to April/22, with 5 meetings in each of the 8 participating gardens, covering the planning stages of planting, production, harvest and distribution/marketing. In total, more than 1000 seedlings were planted, ranging from conventional ones (lettuce, arugula, kale, parsley and chives) to seedlings of unconventional food plants, which show a high nutritional level, such as taioba and peixinho. Participants report community gardens as spaces that promote mental health, meeting and reflection, serving as an educational tool in the promotion of significant and permanent social changes, either through the form of production, through the collaborative management process and the fight against local food insecurity. Collective work is one of the ways to overcome food insecurity. It is necessary to take care of volunteers, increase engagement and improve their well-being. Between August and November/22 the focus will be to improve the ergonomic conditions of work in the gardens, to promote well-being and physical safety of those who work there. It is expected to reduce the turnover of participants and improve their comfort, thus contributing to the sustainability of these production systems.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29534

    RODRIGUES, ELAINE A. ; CARVALHO, AMANDA R. ; AQUINO, AFONSO R. de ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de ; BUSTILLOS, JOSE O.W.V. ; VICTOR, RODRIGO A.B.M.; REZENDE, VERONICA B.S. de. Water and climate in megacities and the contribution of nuclear science and technology to ecosystems and their services. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER, MEGACITIES AND GLOBAL CHANGE, 2nd, January 11-14, 2022, Online. Proceedings... Paris, France: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO, 2022. p. 687-697.

    Abstract: The loss of the services provided by ecosystems affects the well-being of people and compromises development in its multiple dimensions. In megacities, the promotion of human well-being and the conservation and restoration of ecosystems and their services are urgent global challenges, especially as a function of the growing expansion of water scarcity and its tendency to worsen due to the effects of climate change. This article addresses the growing use and application of nuclear science and technology for the conservation, assessment, and restoration of ecosystems and their services. It focus on water security and climate change, and on how this contributes to the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Tools based on nuclear science provide solutions for the development of "climate-smart" agricultural methods; the study of terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric systems; monitoring how climate change affects the environment and GHG routes, and their distribution and impact on ecosystems, among other aspects. Nuclear technologies are used for wastewater treatment, identification of pollution sources, studies on the quality and quantity of water resources, and adaptation to climate change. The demystification of nuclear science and technology and the increase in collaboration between the ecosystem services and nuclear areas, and society as a whole, are fundamental for facing the global challenges related to water and climate in large cities.

    Palavras-Chave: urban areas; water supply; climatic change; ecosystems; nuclear energy

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  • IPEN-DOC 29533

    VICTOR, RODRIGO A.B.M.; RODRIGUES, ELAINE A. ; ROCHA, GUSTAVO C. da; LUCA, EDGAR F. de; METZGER, JEAN P.; CARVALHO, AMANDA R. de; BICUDO, DENISE. São Paulo City Green Belt Biosphere Reserve: water security and human well-being. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER, MEGACITIES AND GLOBAL CHANGE, 2nd, January 11-14, 2022, Online. Proceedings... Paris, France: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO, 2022. p. 1160-1170.

    Abstract: The green belt surrounding São Paulo and Santos metropolises, designated by UNESCO as the São Paulo City Green Belt Biosphere Reserve - GBBR (1994), encompasses a population of 25,4 million people in a region responsible for nearly 20% of Brazilian GDP. With approximately 2,33 million hectares, the biosphere reserve and its inner urban area (220 thousand hectares) are host to expressive terrestrial and marine biodiversity, typical to the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. This paper presents the biosphere reserve as a water security territory: it provides around 90% and 100% of the water flows supplying São Paulo and Santos metropolises, respectively. Representing only 7,36% of São Paulo State territory, the GBBR harbors over 70% of the state´s volume for public supply. Spatial analysis shows that most of this volume comes from a few protected areas that act as hydric hotspots. During 2013-2015 Southeastern Brazil and especially São Paulo faced a severe shortage in rainfall that posed threats to the metropolitan water supply, leading to important reflections about the region´s hydric vulnerability. Combining classical built infrastructure with ecological infrastructure (conservation, restoration and sustainable use of its ecosystems) is paramount to ensure the populationʼs water security in the medium and long terms. In this sense, the geographical and conceptual frameworks constituted by the GBBR can provide integrated land management solutions for improving water supply in quantity and quality for such a complex and critical territory.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29532

    RODRIGUES, ELAINE A. ; CARVALHO, AMANDA R. ; CARVALHO, BEATRIZ R.; AQUINO, AFONSO R. de ; MENDONCA, RODRIGO A. de A.; SODRE, MARCELO G.. Megacities, climate vulnerability and environmental displacement: interdependent challenges. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER, MEGACITIES AND GLOBAL CHANGE, 2nd, January 11-14, 2022, Online. Proceedings... Paris, France: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO, 2022. p. 1149-1159.

    Abstract: Climate change and urbanization are the biggest challenges to be faced by humanity. Between 1950 and 2005, global carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning increased by almost 500% while the level of urbanization increased from 29% to 49%. Urban growth is one of the main factors that cause the increase of natural habitat loss on the planet, which affects the capacity of ecosystems to meet the vital needs of millions of people, including the growing number of international migrants, who are strongly directed to urban areas. Considering the trend of intensification of the effects of climate change, this study assesses the interdependence between urbanization, climate vulnerability and environmental displacement in the megacities of the world, based on the simulation of sea level rise in megacities. Although climate change is a global issue, it is also a local concern, since urban areas play a crucial role in the climate change scenario. As migration policies and urbanization are considered separately, megacities are spaces of high vulnerability, notably given the effects of climate change, and demand the development of coordinated responses to tackle them.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29531

    SILVA, ANDERSON M.B.; RODRIGUES, DANIEL S.; ANTONIO, PATRICIA L. ; JUNOT, DANILO O.; CALDAS, LINDA V.E. ; SOUZA, DIVANIZIA N.. Investigation of dosimetric properties of CaSO4:Mn phosphor prepared using slow evaporation route. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY, 22nd., September 19-23, 2022, Zacatecas, Mexico. Proceedings... Zacatecas, Mexico: Sociedad Mexicana de Irradiacion y Dosimetria, 2022. p. 145-170.

    Abstract: The objective of this work was to investigate the luminescent properties of CaSO4:Mn synthesized by slow evaporation route. The crystalline structure, morphology, thermal and optical properties of the phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, using thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques, the dosimetric properties of the phosphors, such as emission spectra, glow curve reproducibility, dose-response linearity, fading of the luminescent signal, variation of the TL intensity with the heating rate, OSL decay curves, correlation between TL and OSL emissions and minimum detectable dose (MDD) were comprehensively investigated. For dosimetric analyses, the samples were irradiated with doses from 169 mGy to 10 Gy. The emission band fits with the characteristic line of the Mn2+ emission features, ascribed to 6A1→4T1 transition. CaSO4:Mn pellets present a TL glow curve with a single typical peak centered around 494 nm, an OSL decay curve with predominance of a fast decay component, and a MDD on the order of hundreds of mGy. The luminescent signals showed to be linear and reproducible in the studied dose range. The trapping centers located between 0.83 eV and 1.07 eV were revealed for different heating rates in the TL study. The high TL sensitivity of CaSO4:Mn was proven when comparing with commercially available dosimeters. The luminescent signals exhibit a smaller fading than described in the literature for CaSO4:Mn produced by other methods.

    Palavras-Chave: calcium sulfates; comparative evaluations; decay; diagrams; evaporation; glow curve; heating rate; irradiation; manganese ions; optical properties; phosphors; photoluminescence; radiation doses; signals; thermal gravimetric analysis; thermoluminescence

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  • IPEN-DOC 29530

    TRINDADE, FABIANE J.; DAMASCENO, SERGIO; FLORIO, DANIEL Z.; FONSECA, FABIO C. ; FERLAUTO, ANDRE S.. Tuning of shape, defects, and disorder in lanthanum-doped ceria nanoparticles: implications for oxidative coupling of methane. In: CINE CONFERENCE, 3., 18-19 de outubro, 2022, Campinas, SP. Resumo... 2022.

    Abstract: The instability of petroleum prices and the advancements in extraction technologies of natural gas has increased the interest in the direct conversion of methane to C2 products via oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactions. The design of catalysts by tailoring the structural defects and disorder has a significant impact on their performance. Within this context, in this work, the fine-tuning of oxygen defects in rod-like NPs was performed via La3+ doping (LaxCe1-xO2-1/2), x, in the 10-70 mol% range. The NPs characterization was performed by SEM, HRTEM, XRD, BET and Raman spectroscopy, and the OCM catalytic performance was evaluated at 750 °C. The relative concentration of reagents (CH4 and O2) and products H2, CO, CO2, C2H4, and C2H6 was measured by an online mass spectrometer. XRD and Raman analysis revealed that the CeO2 fluorite crystalline structure is essentially maintained in the doped nanorods, even for x = 0.7. The Raman spectra analysis indicates that La doping results in the formation of extrinsic and intrinsic oxygen defects, which increase proportionally to La concentration. The catalysts showed good performance for OCM with methane conversion up to 32% and C2 selectivity up to 44% for x=0.5. In addition, all catalysts showed high stability within 20h time on stream. The demonstrated structural defect control on La-doped CeO2 NPs can provide important insights to improve the performance of OCM reactions.

    Palavras-Chave: doped materials; lanthanum; fracture mechanics; methane

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  • IPEN-DOC 29529

    TOMINAGA, F.K. ; BOIANI, N.F. ; SILVA, T.T. ; LEO, P.; BORRELY, S.I. . Application of electron beam irradiation for remediation of pharmaceutical compounds in water. In: CONGRESO ARGENTINO DE LA SOCIEDAD DE TOXICOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA AMBIENTAL, 8th, March 7-11, 2022, Mar del Plata, Argentina. Abstract... Mar del Plata, Argentina: Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 2022. p. 253-253.

    Abstract: A significant number of pharmaceutical active compounds have been released in the aquatic environment. These compounds are not fully removed from water and wastewater treatment plants. Furthermore, these contaminants are not commonly monitored, and they possess the potential to cause adverse ecological and human health effects. Electron Beam Irradiation (EBI) have been applied as an alternatively green method in water management, being efficient for removing organic recalcitrant pollutants at low doses. This work aims to assess the effect of EBI on toxicity of four pharmaceuticals from distinct class (anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antibiotic, and antidiabetic) using organism from different trophic levels. Acetylsalicylic acid and fluoxetine hydrochloride were obtained from Labsynth (>99.5%) and Divis Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd (98.8%), respectively. Metformin hydrochloride (97%) and ciprofloxacin (>98%) were purchased from Sigma- Aldrich. All aqueous solution were diluted using ultra-pure water. Acute toxicity assays with Daphnia similis and Vibrio fischeri were based on ABNT/NBR standard methods. The evaluated endpoint was immobility and bioluminescence inhibition, respectively. The yeast assays were carried by monitoring of changes in the specific conductivity of suspensions of S. cerevisiae. All the assays were performed in triplicate. The toxicity results of the microcrustacean and the bacteria were expressed in Toxicity Factor. For the yeast, data were analyzed by F-test and t-test using a significance level of 0.05. The UV-Vis spectrum showed changes in all pharmaceutical’s spectrum after irradiation at 2.5 kGy. The toxicity results indicated that the effects varied depending on the organism and the studied pharmaceutical. For acetylsalicylic acid, increase of toxicity was observed for all three the organism. In contrast, for fluoxetine, a great toxicity removal was achieved for D. similis while and for the bacteria and the yeast no changes of toxicity were noted. Regarding metformin, the radiolytic byproducts were only toxic to the microcrustacean, possibly including residual hydrogen peroxide. Finally, for ciprofloxacin, toxicity increase was verified for D. similis and V. fischeri, while detoxification was observed for S. cerevisiae. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated EBI is effective for removing pharmaceuticals and showed the importance of using different organism for toxicity assessment.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29528

    BOIANI, N.F. ; TOMINAGA, F.K. ; SILVA, T.T. ; REDÍGOLO, M.M. ; BORRELY, S.I. . Assessment of binary mixture toxicity of pharmaceuticals of environmental concern to aquatic organisms. In: CONGRESO ARGENTINO DE LA SOCIEDAD DE TOXICOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA AMBIENTAL, 8th, March 7-11, 2022, Mar del Plata, Argentina. Abstract... Mar del Plata, Argentina: Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 2022. p. 143-143.

    Abstract: Pharmaceutical products have been frequently detected in aquatic environments as mixtures. They may cause direct toxic effects to aquatic organisms and indirect effects on ecosystems, due to interactions which induce additive, synergistic or antagonistic effects. The classical mathematical models of concentration addition and independent action of pollutants have been extensively used for predicting the mixture effects of chemicals of environmental relevance. The objective of this study was to assess the binary mixture toxicity of pharmaceuticals: fluoxetine and propranolol; fluoxetine and sulfadiazine; fluoxetine and caffeine, in acute tests with Daphnia similis carried out based on ABNT/NBR standard methods. The prediction of the acute effects to binary mixture was performed considering the mentioned mathematical models and deviations of them (synergism/antagonism; concentration level-dependent or concentration ratio-dependent), using an automated Excel spreadsheet. For the mixture of propranolol + fluoxetine, the concentration addition model best described the mixture effects, which explained most of the variability of acute toxic responses. Through the concentration level-dependent, synergism at low doses and antagonism at high doses was pointed out. The concentration addition model better described the effects of the binary mixture of sulfadiazine + fluoxetine. Synergism related to the independent action model and an antagonism related to the concentration ratio-depend were identified. For caffeine + fluoxetine mixture, the concentration addition model described slightly better the effects of this binary mixture, synergism concentration level-dependent and dose ratio-dependent were identified. We can conclude that the nature of the interaction between the compounds of a mixture depends on effect level and on the ratio in which each one is applied. Major effects of the binary mixture were detected in the zone between the effects predicted by the evaluated models. The synergism/antagonism or additivity do not depend on the similarity/dissimilarity of the mode of action of the compounds of a mixture, showing a different behaviour respect to the theoretical assumptions.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29527

    SIMOES, A.M.P.; SILVA, R.M.P. ; SUFFREDINI, H.B.; SANTOS, L.F.; BASTOS, I.N.. Naphthenic corrosion using electrochemical and analytical techniques. In: JORNADAS DE CORROSÃO E PROTEÇÃO DE MATERIAIS, 8th, November 24, 2022, Lisboa, Portugal. Proceedings... Lisboa, Portugal: LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, 2022. p. 29-30. DOI: 10.34637/4cw4-w798

    Abstract: Naphthenic acid corrosion of steel was studied in a stagnant, biphasic oil/aqueous phase system, by means of electrochemical measurements and surface analysis. Corrosion was restricted to the region of the aqueous phase, as crater-shaped pits that eventually coalesced, generating a nearly uniform attack in the vicinity of the oil phase. In-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) reveals the processes occurring at the aqueous phase, which nevertheless increase with the fraction of oil phase and with degree of acidity of the oil.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29526

    ARAUJO, LEANDRO G. de; CAMPERA, ALEXSSANDRA A.A. ; MARUMO, JULIO T. ; GUILHEN, SABINE N. . Methylene blue biosorption by bone meal using experimental design. In: ENCONTRO BRASILEIRO SOBRE ADSORÇÃO, 14., 23-25 de novembro, 2022, Brasília, DF. Anais... Recife, PE: Even3, 2022.

    Abstract: This study aims at expanding the knowledge on the applicability of bone meal powder (BMP), and assess its potential as an adsorbent material for methylene blue (MB) removal, a toxic textile dye. BMP is a low-cost material still little studied for the adsorption of contaminants in aqueous media. In this work, we employed the 2k experimental design (k = 3) to systematically explore the most important process parameters, which were pH of the MB solution, initial MB concentration in solution and biosorbent dosage (mass of biosorbent/volume of contaminated solutions).

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  • IPEN-DOC 29525

    GUILHEN, SABINE N. ; MARTINS, GABRIEL F. ; MARUMO, JULIO T. ; ARAUJO, LEANDRO G. de. Anionic dye removal from aqueous solutions using standard biochars: preliminary study. In: ENCONTRO BRASILEIRO SOBRE ADSORÇÃO, 14., 23-25 de novembro, 2022, Brasília, DF. Anais... Recife, PE: Even3, 2022.

    Abstract: One of the most serious problems related to water pollution by the textile, plastics, leather and food industries, among others, is the emission of aqueous effluents containing dyes. The most commercially used dyes are resistant to biodegradation, photodegradation and the action of oxidizing agents. The presence of dyes in water bodies can significantly and adversely affect the photosynthesis of aquatic plants by reducing the penetration of sunlight. In addition, they can be toxic to certain forms of aquatic life. Treatment of aqueous effluents containing dyes can involve a variety of materials and techniques, of which adsorption stands out for its simplicity, low cost and efficiency. In this study, standard biochars derived from wheat straw (WSP), oil seed rape straw (OSR) and Miscanthus straw (MSP), obtained at two different pyrolytic temperatures (550 °C and 700 °C), were investigated as adsorptive materials for remazol black (RB) dye. Maximum adsorption capacities were obtained at a dosage of 5 g L-1 for most of the BCs, except for MSP550, for which the dosage of 10 g L-1 achieved the highest performance. pH effect indicated that most of the adsorptive functionalities of the BCs are favored at pH 5. The steps currently in progress refer to the experimental design for the optimization of adsorption parameters and will be added in the full paper.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29524

    NOGUEIRA, MARIA S.; SQUAIR, PETERSON L.; ENGLER, CAMILA; GOMES, DANIELE S.; LEYTON, FERNANDO; HWANG, SUY; SILVEIRA, RENATA; SILVEIRA, ROSANGELA C.; SOUZA, DIVANIZIA N.; POTIENS, MARIA P.A. . Evaluation of the mean glandular dose for digital breast tomosynthesis and Full-Field Digital Mammography in Brazil. In: EUROPEAN RADIATION PROTECTION WEEK, October 9-14, 2022, Estoril, Portugal. Abstract... 2022.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29523

    NASCIMENTO, G. ; CAMPOS, L.L. ; CAMPOS, V.P. . Characterization of the reproducibility of LiF:Mg, Ti dosimeters and the radiator system in the quantity Hp(0.07). In: EUROPEAN RADIATION PROTECTION WEEK, October 9-14, 2022, Estoril, Portugal. Proceedings... 2022.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29522

    SOUZA, L.P.; JESUS, J.M.S.; TOMINAGA, F.K. ; RAMOS, B.; BORRELY, S.I. ; TEIXEIRA, A.C.S.C.. Investigation of persulfate-based AOPs to decontaminate water with a mixture of fluoxetine and levonorgestrel. In: IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED OXIDATION TECHNOLOGIES, 5th, November 7-11, 2022, Cusco, Peru. Proceedings... 2022. p. 242-243.

    Abstract: This work reports a study on two forms of persulfate activation (solar irradiation and anodic oxidation-AO) for the degradation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). A solution containing a mixture of levonorgestrel and fluoxetine ([LNG]0 = 0.29 ± 0.03 mg L-1; [FLX]0 = 5.02 ± 0.34 mg L-1) was treated with persulfate ([PS]0 = 0.07 mol L-1) and irradiated or electrolyzed for 60 min under similar conditions. The results revealed similar decays of APIs in the two activation forms studied, solar/PS (k LNG = 6.6 × 10-2 min-1; k FLX = 7.7 × 10-2 min-1) and AO/PS (k LNG = 7.8 × 10-2 min-1; k FLX = 9.7 × 10-2 min-1), with slightly better results for the electrochemical process. However, acute toxicity accessed with Daphnia similis indicated that AO/PS provided a three-fold increase in the values of toxic units.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29521

    VICENTE, MARCOS A.A.H.; SILVA, LEONARDO G.A. ; LIMA, NELSON B. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; BERNUSSI, AYRTON; SARMENTO, BRUNO; BARBOSA, ISABELLA T.F.; MUNHOZ JUNIOR, ANTONIO H.. Synthesis of pseudoboehmite nanoparticles and use in simvastatin drug delivery. Defect and Diffusion Forum, v. 420, p. 141-151, 2022. DOI: 10.4028/p-04240m

    Abstract: Pseudoboehmite is an aluminium compound with a structure similar to that of boehmite. The unit cell of the pseudoboehmite is slightly larger than that of the boehmite because of the greater incorporation of water in the same structure [1]. It has particles of nanometric dimensions and can be synthesized with extremely high purity. Several papers published in the literature show the potential of using this material in the controlled release of drugs, including cancer treatment [2,3]. Using drugs in complexes incorporated into polymer matrices and ceramic gels can lead to adequate control of gastrointestinal absorption when administered orally. Consequently, there is the possibility of promoting a gradual action through the progressive release of the drug, thus increasing its efficiency and reducing dose and toxicity. Previous studies have shown that pseudoboehmite is non-toxic and can be used for drug delivery. During the tests to determine the toxicity of this material, it was observed that the blood glucose content was reduced in mice that took pseudoboehmite by gavage. Since pseudoboehmite is obtained via low-cost inorganic synthesis, different physicochemical characteristics can be incorporated into this high purity medium. The formed structure was evaluated as a drug delivery system to establish a profile of the influence of the physicochemical properties of a molecule in the process of interaction with pseudoboehmite, a drug with recognized pharmacological activity, simvastatin (IUPAC name (1S,3R,7S,8S,8aR)-8-{2-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl}-3,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl 2,2-dimethylbutanoate) was choose. It also emphasizes the importance of pseudoboehmite as a drug carrier, serving as a precursor to new therapeutic systems. The synthesis of pseudoboehmite from ammonium hydroxide and aluminium nitrate was optimized to release simvastatin in vitro. After absorption and hydrolysis in the liver to form the active β-hydroxy acid metabolite, simvastatin acts as a potent reversible, competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an early and rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29520

    COUTO, CAMILA P. ; BAERT, KITTY; COSTA, ISOLDA ; PANOSSIAN, ZEHBOUR; DE GRAEVE, IRIS; TERRYN, HERMAN; ROSSI, JESUALDO L. ; REVILLA, REYNIER I.. The hot-stamping effect on the corrosion properties of the 22MnB5 steel coated with hot-dip aluminum-silicon assessed by a salt spray test and Raman spectroscopy. Corrosion, v. 78, n. 4, p. 339-349, 2022. DOI: 10.5006/4016

    Abstract: The effect of hot stamping on the corrosion properties of boron-manganese 22MnB5 steel coated with hot-dip aluminum-silicon was evaluated under severe conditions by a continuous salt spray test (SST). The corrosion mechanism changed from localized to generalized, as cathodic precipitates were not present after hot stamping. Intrinsic defects in press-hardened steel samples were the reason for severe damage in both metallic coating and steel substrate under SST conditions. The red rust formed at the top surface, characterized as different iron-based compounds, is due to both the iron diffusion from the steel substrate toward the surface and the corrosion of the steel substrate.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29519

    GUSMAO, CAROLINA de A.; BORGES, LAURA T.; PALHARIM, PRISCILA H.; OTUBO, LARISSA ; RODRIGUES, ORLANDO ; GOUVEA, DOUGLAS; RAMOS, BRUNO; TEIXEIRA, ANTONIO C.S.C.. Synthesis, characterization, and application of Pt/PtO2-TiO2/SiO2 materials on a continuous flow packed bed microreactor for enhanced photocatalytic activity under sunlight. Water, v. 14, n. 23, p. 1-18, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/w14233864

    Abstract: The present work aimed at the development of Pt-TiO2/SiO2 materials applied to the degradation of a pharmaceutical pollutant in a fixed-bed microreactor in continuous mode. First, a wide investigation of the optimal platinum content in TiO2/SiO2 was carried out based on extensive characterization through XRD, DRS, SEM, TEM, and XPS techniques. For the content range studied, no significant changes were observed in the crystallinity of the material, with peaks related to the anatase phase and PtO2 in the diffractograms. SEM images combined with EDS spectra indicated the presence of platinum and a large heterogeneity in the particles. MET analyses showed PtO2 nanoparticles in close contact with TiO2, allowing the formation of a type II heterojunction. XPS showed platinum in the 0 and +4 oxidation states, suggesting that platinum metal and PtO2 are both present. Regarding the degradation experiments, the optimal catalyst achieved 81% degradation of acetaminophen for a residence time of 1 h, while the catalyst without platinum reached only 27% degradation. The catalyst activity dropped from 81 to 57% in 2 h and remained stable for six reuse cycles. Increasing the inlet flow rate and concentration reduced the pollutant degradation although there was an increase in the reaction rate. Finally, a photocatalytic mechanism was proposed in which a type II heterojunction was developed, with generation of hydroxyl radicals by the positive holes in the VB of TiO2 as well as superoxide radicals by the electrons in the CB of PtO2.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29518

    TASSO, ORION G. ; ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. ; SILVA, ANA C.K. de S. ; MEDEIROS, JOSE A.G. de ; SILVA, DALTON G.N. da . Comparação de desempenho do espectrômetro portátil de fluorescência de raios-X utilizando alvos de Au e Ag para análise de amostras na área da saúde / Performance comparison of portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer using Au and Ag targets for sample analysis in healthcare. Revista Remecs, v. 7, n. 13, p. 29-40, 2022. DOI: 10.24281/rremecs2022.7.13.29-40

    Abstract: Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho do espectrômetro portátil e compacto de Fluorescência de Raios-X (pFRX), para dosagem de íons em amostras biológicas de interesse na área da saúde (prioritariamente fluidos corpóreos como soro e urina), utilizando alvos de Prata (Ag) e Ouro (Au). O foco das comparações foi direcionado às análises quantitativas de elementos de relevância clínica e nutricional (prioritariamente a dosagem de Ca, Cl, Fe, K, P e S). Para este estudo foram avaliados (para cada alvo) os parâmetros: linearidade, reprodutibilidade, acurácia, sensibilidade e limite de detecção. Essas investigações permitiram a realização de um estudo comparativo entre os alvos, com a finalidade de fornecer subsídios que permitem a escolha adequada do alvo (Ag e/ou Au), agilizando as medidas além de fornecer resultados mais precisos. Os resultados de FRX em soro e urina formam comparados com as dosagens obtidas pela técnica de Análise por Ativação com Nêutrons e apresentaram boa concordância.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29517

    ARAUJO, MARCIO M. de ; SALAS, FERNANDO J.S.; ARTHUR, VALTER. Marcação de insetos para estudos biológicos / Insect marking for biological studies. Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, v. 121, n. 1, p. 1-14, 2022. DOI: 10.24215/16699513e093

    Abstract: A técnica de marcação permite estudar os comportamentos e interações ecológicas dos insetos, como por exemplo padrões de dispersão, movimento, territorialidade, manuseio, consumo de alimentos, associações vetor-parasita, e cadeias ou teias alimentares. Essa revisão descreve as vantagens e desvantagens dos marcadores, destacando três métodos cujo diferencial é a permanência no inseto independente do estágio de vida. Os radioisótopos minimizam a manipulação direta e o trauma nos insetos, podem ser aplicados em grandes populações e são facilmente rastreáveis, porém o seu descarte limita a aplicação em campo. Os isótopos estáveis ocorrem naturalmente no ambiente, não são radioativos e estão relacionados à estudos ecológicos de níveis tróficos e processos metabólicos, dentre os elementos mais são utilizados, os isótopos de carbono refletem principalmente a dieta dos animais; os isótopos de nitrogênio refletem as práticas agrícolas (extensiva x intensiva) e em parte a dieta. Os isótopos de oxigênio e hidrogênio são vinculados à composição isotópica da água que, por sua vez, é dependente de fatores geográficos tais como altitude, clima e latitude. Por sua vez, os oligoelementos também são utilizados como marcadores internos (não radioativos) e podem variar de acordo com a localização geográfica alterando as quantidades encontradas nas plantas e insetos. Portanto, a busca de uma melhor metodologia que permita detectar a correlação dos insetos com o homem e o meio ambiente depende do tipo de estudo a ser realizado.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29516

    AQUINO, SIMONE ; SILVA, FRANCISCO C. de M. e. Rare and opportunistic mycosis by Nigrospora spp. in a calf / Micose rara e oportunista por Nigrospora spp. em bezerra. Journal of Veterinary Science and Public Health, v. 9, n. 1, p. 122-132, 2022. DOI: 10.4025/revcivet.v9i1.56871

    Abstract: Os fungos estão presentes em diferentes ambientes, onde homens e animais estão expostos, como no solo, plantas e no ar. No entanto, fungos ambientais podem se tornar oportunistas e causar graves lesões de pele, oculares, pulmonares, micetomas, dentre outras, visto que as micoses oportunistas estão associadas às condições imunológicas do hospedeiro. O fungo do gênero Nigrospora é raramente considerado um patógeno oportunista ou agente primário de micoses. O objetivo deste relato de caso é descrever uma rara micose oportunista de pele, causada por Nigrospora em um bezerro de seis meses, fêmea, com escore de condição corporal ruim devido à desnutrição. Amostras de pele foram inoculadas em placas de Petri contendo ágar Sabouraud e após sete dias de incubação a 25(±2) ºC, lâminas de cultura examinadas em microscopia ótica com azul de lactofenol permitiram a identificação de estruturas conidiais de Nigrospora spp. Com a aplicação tópica semanal de solução a 1% de iodóforo, o animal apresentou a completa remissão dos sintomas após oito semanas.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29515

    MAZER, AMANDA C. ; YORIYAZ, HELIO . Avaliação de registro de imagem realizado com e sem pontos de referência extraídos através da técnica SIFT / Image registration assessment performed with and without landmarks extracted using SIFT technique. Revista Brasileira de Física Médica, v. 16, p. 1-8, 2022. DOI: 10.29384/rbfm.2022.v16.19849001676

    Abstract: Em Radioterapia Guiada por Imagem (IGRT), é comum a aquisição de diversas imagens de um paciente e, por consequência, a realização de registro de imagem para a comparação entre elas. Devido a isso, é fundamental que sejam realizados tanto um bom registro quanto um bom controle da qualidade (CQ) do registro. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar um registro de imagem quando realizado com e sem pontos de referência. Para isso, imagens de Tomografia Computadorizada (TC) de um paciente da radioterapia foram utilizadas para realizar registros rígido e elástico, com e sem pontos de referência. A técnica Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) foi utilizada para desenvolver um algoritmo para a extração semiautomática de pontos-chave estáveis das imagens, tanto para os registros quanto para a avaliação de tais registros. Através dos valores de erro médio, erro máximo e Informação Mútua (IM) encontrados, foi possível verificar um melhor alinhamento das imagens quando realizado o registro partindo inicialmente dos pontos de referência extraídos, em comparação com o alinhamento realizado sem esses pontos de referência. A SIFT mostrou ser uma ótima ferramenta para realizar ambas as tarefas e, quando possível, o profissional da clínica deve realizar um bom CQ quantitativo de registro, considerando pontos de referência distribuídos pelas imagens.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29514

    SILVA FILHO, JORGE C.; SILVA, SUELANNY C. da; VENANCIO, EVERALDO C.; TAKIISHI, HIDETOSHI ; ABE, IGOR Y.; SOARES, EDSON P. ; ANTUNES, RENATO A.; REY, JOSE F.Q.; MARTINEZ, LUIS G. ; ESCOTE, MARCIA T.. Aplicação de derivados de grafeno em baterias e ímãs permanentes / Application of graphene derivatives in batteries and permanent magnets. Revista da ABPN, v. 14, n. 41, p. 124-142, 2022. DOI: 10.31418/2177-2770.2022.v14.n41.p124-142

    Abstract: O presente trabalho aborda o estudo sobre a importância tecnológica dos compostos de grafeno, evidenciando a síntese, a caracterização do óxido de grafeno (GO) e óxido de grafeno reduzido (rGO) e suas aplicações em baterias e imãs permanentes de neodímio-ferro-boro. Os resultados de difração de raios-X mostraram a presença de apenas um pico em aproximadamente 2θ = 11°, o qual corresponde ao conjunto de planos de GO em (002). Os resultados das aplicações são: O eletrodo negativo da Bateria2 com 1% de adição de GO apresentou uma capacidade de descarga de 397,03 mAh/g e maior estabilidade cíclica durante os 30 ciclos. No caso dos imãs, o imã2, com 0,1% em massa de rGO mostrou os maiores valores de Br = 10,42 T, BHmax = 21,19 MGOe, ρ = 7135 kg m-3 e FQ = 0,63.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29513

    USSUI, VALTER ; LAZAR, DOLORES R.R. ; LIMA, NELSON B. de ; ARATA, ANELYSE ; RIBEIRO, FABIO N.; DALPIAN, GUSTAVO M.; MARCHI, JULIANA ; PASCHOAL, JOSE O.A. . Room temperature plasticity of zirconia-yttria-titania ceramics: experimental indications and structural modelling. Processing and Application of Ceramics, v. 16, n. 4, p. 367-373, 2022. DOI: 10.2298/PAC2204367U

    Abstract: Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) ceramics have excellent mechanical properties. However, such materials cannot undergo plastic deformation at room temperature due to their high hardness and brittleness values, hindering machinability. To overcome these limitations, we propose a zirconia-yttria-titania ceramics, based on zirconia containing 3mol% yttria and up to 15mol% titania. The zirconia-yttria-titania powders were synthesized by co-precipitation method, uniaxially pressed and sintered at 1400°C/5 h. Sample characterizations were carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties through Vickers hardness and toughness measurements. Compared to the Y-TZP ceramics, the yttria stabilised tetragonal zirconia ceramics co-doped with 10mol%Ti showed noticeable increase of tetragonality parameter, higher toughness and lower hardness values, indicating plasticity at room temperature. Furthermore, the atomistic simulation by Density Functional Theory methodology suggests the occurrence of spatial arrangement of the atoms, explaining the proposed plasticity.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29512

    MARCONDES, POLLYANA; ROSAS, GISELA H.; GONZALEZ, MARIA E.L.; QUEIROZ, ALVARO A.A. de ; MARQUES, PAULO S.. Poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(glycerol) dendrimer hydrogel mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Polímeros, v. 32, n. 3, p. 1-9, 2022. DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.20220025

    Abstract: In this paper, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(glycerol) dendrimer hydrogel incorporated with green synthesized silver nanoparticles (PVA/PGLD-AgNPs) using Cinnamomum verum extract as the reducting agent (Cz-extract). The Cz-extract was prepared using ultrasonic technique. UV-visible (UV-vis) spectra of Cz-extract confirmed the presence of cinnamaldehyde. PVA/PGLD-AgNPs films were prepared using 5, 10 and 20 mL of Cz-extract and characterized by UV-vis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface plasmon resonance band in the UV-vis spectra confirmed the formation of AgNPs. XRD pattern confirmed the presence of silver, with average crystallite sizes calculated by Scherrer equal to 13.64 nm, 16.63nm and 20.27 nm for AgNPs prepared with 5 mL, 10 mL and 20 mL of Cz-extract, respectively. AgNPs release kinetic was studied by Korsmeyer– Peppas model. The antimicrobial results revealed that the PVA/PGLD-AgNPs hydrogels showed good antibacterial activity behavior against Escherichia coli.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29511

    UMBELINO, U.; LICHTENTHALER, R.; SANTOS, O.C.B.; PIRES, K.C.C.; SERRA, A.S.; SCARDUELLI, V.; LARA, A.L. de; ZEVALLOS, E.O.N.; ZAMORA, J.C.; LEPINE-SZILY, A.; SHORTO, J.M.B. ; ASSUNCAO, M.; ZAGATTO, V.A.B.. Quasielastic scattering of light radioactive and stable projectiles on 9Be. Physical Review C, v. 106, n. 5, p. 054602-1 - 054602-15, 2022. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.106.054602

    Abstract: Quasielastic scattering angular distributions of radioactive (8Li, 7,10Be, and 8,12B) and stable (6,7Li, 9Be, and 11B) projectiles on a 9Be target are presented. The angular distributions have been analyzed by the optical model using Woods-Saxon form factor and São Paulo potential. Total reaction cross sections have been obtained from the optical model analysis and a comparison between different systems is presented. Coupled channels (CC), coupled reaction channels (CRC), and continuum-discretized coupled channels (CDCC) calculations have been performed to investigate the effect of the cluster configuration in the projectile inelastic excitation, breakup, and stripping reactions on the quasielastic angular distributions.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29510

    PEDROSA, TULIO de L.; FAROOQ, SAJID ; ARAUJO, RENATO E. de. Selecting high-performance gold nanorods for photothermal conversion. Nanomaterials, v. 12, n. 23, p. 1-11, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/nano12234188

    Abstract: In this work, we establish a new paradigm on identifying optimal arbitrarily shaped metallic nanostructures for photothermal applications. Crucial thermo-optical parameters that rule plasmonic heating are appraised, exploring a nanoparticle size-dependence approach. Our results indicate two distinct figures of merit for the optimization of metallic nanoheaters, under both non-cumulative femtosecond and continuum laser excitation. As a case study, gold nanorods are evaluated for infrared photothermal conversion in water, and the influence of the particle length and diameter are depicted. For non-cumulative femtosecond pulses, efficient photothermal conversion is observed for gold nanorods of small volumes. For continuous wave (CW) excitation at 800 nm and 1064 nm, the optimal gold nanorod dimensions (in water) are, respectively, 90 × 25nm and 150 × 30 nm. Figure of Merit (FoM) variations up to 700% were found considering structures with the same peak wavelength. The effect of collective heating is also appraised. The designing of high-performance plasmonic nanoparticles, based on quantifying FoM, allows a rational use of nanoheaters for localized photothermal applications.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29509

    FONSECA, DANIELA P.M. da; CARVALHO, LEANDRO G. de; LIMA, NELSON B. de ; PADILHA, ANGELO F.. Austenite formation in the oxidized layer of ultra-high-strength 13Ni15Co10Mo maraging steel. Metals, v. 12, n. 12, p. 1-10, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/met12122115

    Abstract: Maraging steels are precipitation hardening alloys that can achieve an ultra-high yield strength (~3 GPa), however associated with low toughness. During exposure to high temperatures, an oxidation process occurs on the surface of these steels, generally, the oxides formed are hematite and/or magnetite. The aim of this study was to investigate oxidation on a maraging 13Ni15Co10Mo at annealing temperature of 900 °C. The bulk microstructure was investigated by several complementary techniques and the oxidized surface was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the bulk microstructure, at annealed condition, consists of a lath martensite with a hardness of round 400 HV. The most external and oxidized surface contains the oxides hematite, magnetite and kamiokite. Finally, the presence of austenite was detected in the first 2 μm below the surface. Chemical microanalysis indicated that the austenite is stable at room temperature in this region due a composition gradient that makes this region rich in nickel and cobalt. The composition gradient is due atom diffusion during oxides formation. Austenite near to the surface is very convenient as it could avoid crack initiation and propagation, improving toughness.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29508

    SILVA, RITA C.A. ; MOREIRA, EDSON G. ; OLIVEIRA, PAULO T.M.S.; THEOPHILO, CAROLINA Y.S. ; SILVA, PAULO S.C. ; SANCHES, THAIS C.; COIMBRA, AMANDA A.; BIANCHI, TICIANA Z.D.; SAIKI, MITIKO . Temporal trends (2006–2019) of metals and nonmetals in livers of great egrets (Ardea alba) from the São Paulo metropolitan region. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, v. 331, n. 12, p. 5701-5707, 2022. DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08634-1

    Abstract: Temporal trends (2006–2019) of metals (Cd, Co, Cs, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb and Zn) and nonmetals (Br, Cl and Se) were assessed in livers of great egrets (Ardea alba) from São Paulo Metropolitan Region, Brazil. Male and female concentrations were compared and the relation between body mass and contaminant levels was evaluated as well as the risks of contaminant levels for the birds. Large variations were observed for toxic elements (Cd and Hg) over time. Some specimens presented toxic levels of Hg, Cu, Fe and Zn. Females presented lower concentrations of Br, Co, Cs, Rb, Se and Zn, while body mass and Zn were negatively correlated.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29507

    SUSSA, FÁBIO V. ; FURLAN, MARCOS R.; VICTORINO, MARCOS; FIGUEIRA, RUBENS C.L.; SILVA, PAULO S.C. . Essential and non‑essential elements in lettuce produced on a rooftop urban garden in São Paulo metropolitan region (Brazil) and assessment of human health risks. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, v. 331, n. 12, p. 5869-5879, 2022. DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08661-y

    Abstract: This study evaluated the essential and non-essential elements in lettuce cultivated on a rooftop urban garden in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. In addition, the human health risks associated with the potentially toxic metals based on the estimated daily intake (EDI), the target hazard quotient (THQ), and the possible sources of heavy metal contamination by multivariate statistical were analyzed. The lettuces contain essential macronutrients such as K, Ca, and Mg. The Cd, Cu, and Pb concentrations did not exceed the Brazilian legislation limit. Ba, Ni, Cr, Co, and Pb presented low levels compared to oral reference dose and they may be associated to vehicles emissions. Both EDI and THQ values suggested minimal risk upon consumption of lettuce.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29506

    SANTOS, R.F. dos; MUNHOZ, M.G.; MORALLES, M. ; SERRA FILHO, L.A.; BREGANT, M.; SOUZA, F.A. . Development of a fast simulator for GEM-based neutron detectors. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, v. 2374, p. 1-4, 2022. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012160

    Abstract: Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM)-based detectors using a layer of 10B as a neutron converter is becoming popular for thermal neutron detection. A common strategy to simulate this kind of detector is based on two frameworks: Geant4 and Gar eld++. The rst one provides the simulation of the nuclear interaction between neutrons and the 10B layer, while the second allows the simulation of the interaction of the reaction products with the detector gas leading to the ionization and excitation of the gas molecules. Given the high ionizing power of these nuclear reaction products, a full simulation is very time consuming and must be optimized to become viable. In this work, we present a strategy to develop a fast simulator based on these two frameworks that will allow us to generate enough data for a proper evaluation of the expected performance and optimization of this kind of detector. We will show the rst results obtained with this tool concentrating on its validation and performance.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29505

    KOMATSU, LUIZ G.H. ; CAJADO, GIUSEPPE M. ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. . Effects of silver addition in zinc oxide nanoparticles on films of HMSPP/SEBS against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli contamination. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering B, v. 12, n. 7-9, p. 108-116, 2022. DOI: 10.17265/2161-6221/2022.7-9.004

    Abstract: In this research we decided to analyze the addition of silver (Ag°) on zinc oxide (ZnO) utilizing two nanoparticles: the synthesized zinc oxide-doped-silver nanoparticles (ZnO/Ag_Lab) utilizing the zinc nitrate as metal precursor for ZnO and silver nitrate as metal precursor for Ag°; and the commercial nanoparticle ZnO/Ag. For the study of application of the nanoparticles, they were processed in the form of films and the polymer utilized was the blend of HMSPP (high melt strength polypropylene) and styrene-ethylene/butadiene-styrene. For the study of nanoparticles, they were submitted to biocide tests against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Escherichia coli (ATCC8739) and XRD (X-Ray Diffraction). The XRD analysis results indicated, in both of nanoparticles, with the presence of wurtzite phase of ZnO, being that on the commercial nanoparticles the intensity of peak was higher than that of synthesized one, on other hand, the peaks attributed to Ag°, were more intense in the synthesized nanoparticle.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29504

    SOUZA, ARMANDO C.; ARISTONE, FLAVIO; SANTANA, ALEXANDRE N.; MIYAI, ADALTON; CIONE, FRANCISCO C. ; TSAKIROPOULOS, PANOS; ROSSI, JESUALDO L. . Characterization and determination of the gamma radiation attenuation coefficient in the W20Cu3Ni metallic alloy to be applied in the transport of radioactive substances. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, v. 21, p. 951-960, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.09.083

    Abstract: The final responsibility of civil society protection regarding the nuclear sector in every country is a local/national governmental duty. The way this task is wielded changes little from country to country. The principal concern is to reduce the exposure of people to sources that eventually emit radiation. The shield used for this purpose is called biological shielding. The W20Cu3Ni metallic alloy was obtained using W powder as a matrix and the infiltrating elements Cu and Ni and subjected to sintering processes at different temperatures. All samples were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The main objective of this work is to determine the gamma radiation attenuation coefficients of the W20Cu3Ni metallic alloy subjected to different sintering temperatures. The determination of the alloy attenuation coefficient was performed using an experiment set up with a source of cobalt (Co-60), which emits characteristic energy peaks of 1.173 MeV and 1.332 MeV. The gamma rays are focused to reach the detector and the resulting photons are counted for 1800 s in three situations. Initially, the gamma rays are directed to the detector in a free path. The second experiment consists of using pure tungsten to shield the radiation, i.e., all gamma rays have to pass through it before entering the detector. Finally, the metallic alloy replaces tungsten, and the same measurements are done. Despite the amount of copper and nickel present in the final sample, the results obtained for this new metallic alloy are very satisfactory. The measurements of the gamma attenuation coefficient in the W20Cu3Ni metallic alloy at different temperatures, showed significant results, ie, a difference between 7.08% and 14.63% lower than the attenuation coefficient of pure tungsten used as a reference. Therefore, this new W20Cu3Ni metal alloy has excellent potential for application in shielding systems and in the transport of substances with high nuclear activity used in the production of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29503

    MONTEIRO, LUCILENA R. ; OLIVEIRA, MERCIA L.; MENEZES, MARIO O. ; POZZO, LORENA . Exploratory analysis of a Brazilian real-world open database applied to prostate cancer. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, v. 38, S1, p. S97-S98, 2022. DOI: 10.1017/S0266462322002835

    Abstract: Introduction. Prostate cancer was the second most frequent cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death among men in 2020. The incidence rates vary substantially in countries with different Human Development Indexes (HDI), while the mortality rates decrease with improved access to the health system, availability of therapies and earlier detection. Worldwide, population-based cancer registries are important tools for planning and managing health systems. The Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo (FOSP) is responsible to collect, clean and publicize data from cancer treatment institutions. This study aimed to describe retrospectively the demographic and clinical profile of prostate cancer (PC) in Brazil using this database. It is not an incidence study as data is representative only from specific institutions. Methods. This was a retrospective observational study of the years 2000 to 2020 from analysis of the publicly available FOSP database (http://www.fosp.saude.sp.gov.br). The records were extracted, merged, and cleaned using a fully documented and validated data process. Only patients included on the register with a primary PC diagnosis were considered. Results. From January 2010 to June 2020, there were 943,660 patients diagnosed with C61 in FOSP database for the considered time period. The majority of the FOSP database records are from patients who live and/or were born in SP (91.8 and 58.4%, respectively) orMG(2.8 and 10.5%, respectively). The mean age of PC at baseline was 69 years. Considering the stage of the disease, the mean ages are 55, 70, 67, 66 and 61, for stages 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. This cohort was also analyzed in relation to treatments received, and status at the end of treatment (51.3% are disease-free, 18.4% are alive with cancer, and 30.3% are dead). Conclusions. FOSP population-based cancer registries are a powerful tool to obtain information for planning, and improving the management of healthcare services especially for São Paulo.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29502

    SARDO, ARIANE V.N. ; ANDRADE, MAIRA F. ; FIGUEIREDO, ANAELIZA; ROSIN, FLAVIA C.P.; CORREA, LUCIANA; ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Does photobiomodulation affects CK10 and CK14 in oral mucositis radioinduced repair?. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 23, n. 24, p. 1-9, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415611

    Abstract: The mechanisms of action of photobiomodulation (PBM) in oral mucositis (OM) are not completely elucidated. To enlighten the role of PBM in the evolution of epithelial maturity in OM ulcers, the present study evaluated the effect of PBM with red ( ) wavelength of 660 nanometers (nm) and infrared of 780 nm in radio-induced OM wounds on the tongue of rats, eight and twenty days after irradiation with single dose of 20 Gy. The percentage area corresponding to positive staining for cytokeratin 10 (CK10) and 14 (CK14) proteins was evaluated in the epithelial area of the lesions, using an immunohistochemical technique (IHC), 8 and 20 days after the induction of lesions, and compared with an untreated control group. CK10 was significantly more expressed in the group treated with 660 nm PBM. CK14 did not show quantitative differences between the groups evaluated. However, whereas in the groups treated with PBM, CK14 was already restricted to the basal layer of the epithelium, as expected in healthy epithelia, in control group it was also expressed in upper layers of the epithelium. In this work, PBM was able to improve epithelial maturity of the repaired OM wound, especially in the 660 nm group.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29501

    ARAUJO, JOAO V. ; MILAGRE, MARIANA X. ; GABBARDO, ALINE D. ; KLUMPP, RAFAEL E. ; COSTA, ISOLDA . The effect of tartaric-sulfuric acid (TSA) anodizing on the corrosion resistance of the AA7475-T761. ECS Meeting Abstracts, v. MA2022-02, 2022. DOI: 10.1149/MA2022-02142475mtgabs

    Abstract: The microstructure of the high strength aluminum alloy, AA7475–T761, in the as-received condition was characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and statistical analyses of grain size and micrometer precipitates distribution and density were performed. An anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) film was potentiostatically grown on the alloy in tartaric sulfuric acid (TSA). The anodizing behavior of the alloy and the mechanisms of localized corrosion initiation and propagation in bare (not anodized) and anodized conditions were discussed. The alloy corrosion behavior was investigated in sodium chloride solutions using electrochemical techniques (cyclic potentiodynamic polarization) and the morphology and extent of corrosion propagation was investigated through optical microscopy, optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy analyses. It was observed that the two alloy surface conditions (bare and anodized) play different roles in the propagation of the localized corrosion process. The bare alloy presented lower localized corrosion potentials and the propagation of the localized corrosion was shallower, but more heavily distributed, than in the anodized condition. However, the alloy in the anodized condition presented lower repassivation potentials due to the deeper pits formed. In addition, the variability of pitting potentials for the anodized condition was high, due to the heterogenous structure of the AAO film formed, and dependent on the time and drying storage conditions previous to electrochemical characterizations. The electrochemical results were correlated with the microstructural characteristics of the oxide surface film of the alloy in both conditions, bare (not anodized) and anodized.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29500

    BORDON, ISABELLA C.; LIMA, MARIANA ; ABESSA, DENIS M.S.; FAVARO, DEBORAH I.T. ; SILVA, PAULO S.C. da ; COTRIM, MARYCEL E.B. ; ULRICH, JOAO C. ; TAKAHASHI, CAMILA K.; SILVA, JOSE R.M.C. da. The Brumadinho mining disaster: immediate impacts of mine tailings 5 days after the dam rupture. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, v. 17, n. 2, p. 37-45, 2022. DOI: 10.5132/eec.2022.02.05

    Abstract: The rupture of the Córrego do Feijão Dam close to Brumadinho municipality is one of the recent and most devastating environmental disaster in Brazil. This study aims to report the results of metal determinations and acute toxicity assays of mining tailing samples collected 5 days after the dam rupture. Concentrations of As, Cu and Ni in site 1 (close to the dam); concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb in site 2 (Solo Sagrado) and As, Cd and Cr in the three replicates of site 3 (Mario Campos municipality) were higher than TEL reference value. The Cd concentration in of site 1, and As, Cd and Ni concentrations in of site 2 were higher than the PEL reference value, indicating effective effects of these metals to biota. Corroborating with previous studies, the Uranium contamination was detected close to Solo Sagrado. However, the evaluation of radionuclides came to the absence of relevant radioactivity. Regarding the ecotoxicological assays, survivor percentages of Daphnia similis were lower than the lab control in sites 2 and 3. Thus, results support concerns regarding environmental recovery, which can take years to occur. Monitoring of biota, abiotic and physical-chemical parameters should be performed continually.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29499

    PALHARIM, PRISCILA H.; CAIRA, MARIA C.D.A.; GUSMAO, CAROLINA de A.; RAMOS, BRUNO; SANTOS, GABRIEL T. dos; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, ORLANDO ; TEIXEIRA, ANTONIO C.S.C.. Effect of temperature and time on the hydrothermal synthesis of WO3-AgCl photocatalysts regarding photocatalytic activity. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, v. 188, p. 935-953, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.10.045

    Abstract: Heterogeneous photocatalysis is an important and promising alternative for efficient water and wastewater treatment processes. The synthesis of composite materials has attracted attention due to their improved photocatalytic activity and stability. In the present work, composites made of WO3-AgCl were synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The evaluation of the effects of reaction temperature and synthesis time for this composite is reported for the first time. The materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS, BET, UV–vis DRS, XPS, EPR and PL. All photocatalysts showed broad-spectrum activity due to their strong absorption in the UV region and some absorption in the visible region. The morphology of the materials was highly influenced by the synthesis temperature and time, which affected the photocatalytic efficiency. All materials exhibited good photocatalytic activity under simulated sunlight, with maximum acetaminophen removal of 99.6% for the catalyst synthesized at 120 °C and 12 h. Stability tests showed considerable stability after four cycles. The main reactive species participating in the photodegradation reaction were found to be O2•-> h+ ∼ •OH. The heterojunction formed between AgCl and WO3 plays an important role in the photocatalytic activity, especially when the AgCl surface is not completely covered by WO3.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29498

    BEZERRA, RITA de C.F.; MOTA, GABRIELA; VIDAL, RUTH M.B.; CARMO, JOSE V. do; SARAIVA, GILBERTO D.; CAMPOS, ADRIANA; OLIVEIRA, ALCINEIA C.; LANG, ROSSANO; OTUBO, LARISSA ; JIMENEZ, JOSE J.; RODRIGUEZ-CASTELLON, ENRIQUE. Effect of basic promoters on porous supported alumina catalysts for acetins production. Catalysts, v. 12, n. 12, p. 1-23, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/catal12121616

    Abstract: A facile strategy for the design of porous supports was obtained by modifying the sol-gel method followed by the wet impregnation technique. In this respect, herein, the acidity of the -Al2O3 phase was modulated by adding basic MgO, La2O3 or ZnO promoters to form binary supported catalysts. The Ni and Co dispersion on the supports associated with their tunable acidity and morphologies resulted in highly porous supported alumina-based catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the solids were comprehensively investigated by XRD, textural properties, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, SEM-EDS, TEM, EPR and XPS analyses. The catalytic performances in the esterification of glycerol in the presence of acetic acid (EG) for the acetins production were evaluated. The highly dispersed NiO and Co3O4 active species on binary porous supports produced synergistic effects appearing to be the reason for the activity of the solids in the EG reaction. Under the optimized reaction conditions, NiCo/MgO-Al2O3 was found to be a robust solid with superior catalytic performance and improved stability in four reaction cycles with 65.0% of glycerol conversion with an exclusive selectivity of 53% for triacetin. The presence of Co2+/Co3+ and Ni2+ strongly interacting with the spinel -Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 phases, the latter having a large number of lattice oxygen species, was considered another active component besides those of Ni and Co in the esterification of glycerol.

    Palavras-Chave: porous materials; supports; catalysts; glycerol; esterification

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  • IPEN-DOC 29497

    TORRECILHA, JEFFERSON K. ; GOUVEA, PAULO F. de M. ; COTRIM, MARYCEL E.B. ; SILVA, PAULO S.C. da . Disponibilidade de elementos traço para absorção cutânea em tratamentos com a lama negra de Peruíbe / Availability of trace elements for skin absorption in treatments using Peruíbe black mud. Cadernos de Naturologia e Terapias Complementares, v. 10, n. 18, p. 17-26, 2022.

    Abstract: Introdução: No Brasil, o uso de recursos naturais passou a fazer parte do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) com a implantação da “Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares” e a Lama Negra, localizada na cidade de Peruíbe, Estado de São Paulo, tem sido amplamente utilizado para tratamentos terapêuticos, por exemplo psoríase, dermatite periférica, neuropatia, acne e seborreia, mialgia, artrite e processos reumáticos não articulares. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a mobilidade dos elementos da Lama Negra de Peruíbe, e avaliar quais (benéficos ou tóxicos) estão disponíveis para transferência ao paciente durante o tratamento terapêutico tópico. Para tanto, foram empregados dois métodos de extração: procedimento de extração sequencial e extração única com emprego de suor artificial. Métodos: Dois métodos de extração foram empregados para medir os elementos extraídos: espectroscopia de emissão atômica com plasma indutivamente acoplado e espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno de grafite. Resultados e discussão: Os resultados mostraram que os elementos Ca, Cd, Mg, Mn e Na são altamente extraídos na fração trocável e resultados semelhantes foram observados na extração com suor artificial, entretanto, isso pode não ser um problema durante o tratamento terapêutico. Conclusão: Todos os outros elementos investigados foram extraídos em baixas concentrações, indicando que os efeitos adversos à saúde devem ser desprezíveis, embora até o momento haja pouca ou nenhuma evidência de absorção pela pele.

    Palavras-Chave: black sands; elements; trace amounts; sweat; skin absorption; public health; coastal regions

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  • IPEN-DOC 29496

    MARQUES, RODOLFO F.; QUINTILIO, WAGNER; KNIRSCH, MARCOS C.; FUCASE, TAMARA M. ; SPENCER, PATRICK J. ; STEPHANO, MARCO A.. Action of bromelain and ficin on horse anti Bothrops sp venom antibodies. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, v. 58, p. 1-9, 2022. DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20867

    Abstract: The treatment with hyperimmune sera constitute the only specific and effective therapy available against snakebite envenomation, most common in developing countries. Serum quality is an important factor on patient recovery time and in the incidence of death and permanent disability. To date, most sera consist of pepsin digested IgG antibodies harvested from hyperimmune animals. The use of animal derived enzymes, such as pepsin, to digest IgG, constitute a source of adventitious agents and contaminants, such as porcine circovirus. The present study aims to evaluate the use of the plant derived enzymes bromelain and ficin, as an alternative to pepsin. To this purpose, horse serum immunized against Bothrops venoms was purified with caprylic acid and digested with bromelain or ficin. SDS-PAGE results evidence the formation of F(ab)’2 fragments and suggest that a digestion time superior to 8 hours may be required to completely digest the antibodies with bromelain or ficin. F(ab)’2 fragments obtained by digestion with either bromelain or ficin digestion preserved the ability to recognize Bothrops sp. venom in western blotting assays. Therefore, both enzymes are suitable for use in large-scale production, minimizing contamination risks and increasing safety and efficiency of serotherapy treatments.

    Palavras-Chave: enzymes; pineapples; immune serums; monoclonal antibodies; snakes; venoms

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  • IPEN-DOC 29495

    LINO, JULIANA dos S. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de . Improving contaminated land data communication through the developing of an environmental indicator / Desenvolvimento de um indicador ambiental para aprimorar a comunicação de dados sobre áreas contaminadas. Brazilian Journal of Development, v. 8, n. 12, p. 78628-78645, 2022. DOI: 10.34117/bjdv8n12-120

    Abstract: Environment contamination is a widespread problem in all countries around the world. Contaminated sites are consequence of land use and occupation without environmental concerns, and it can cause contamination of superficial soil, subsoil, and groundwater. This issue affects urban planning, human health as well natural resource availability. The management of contaminated land data and its communication to stakeholders is a significant driver to achieve sustainable urban planning, promoting equally sustainable cities and communities. Therefore, tools to improve comprehension of environmental quality of cities is essential to face this challenge. Here, we develop an environmental indicator to analyze contaminated land data and communicate its complexity to non-technical stakeholders. The indicator developed, adopts 15 variables and considering three parameters: polluting substance concentration, affected environmental matrices, and the environmental behavior of the polluting substance. A dataset has been elaborated containing information about 25 contaminated sites of Lapa District, the pilot area of São Paulo city, and the environmental indicator was applied, resulting in four environmental contamination levels: low, moderate, high, and remarkably high degrees, existing in an individually site.

    Palavras-Chave: environment; sustainable development; land use; land pollution; planning; pollution control

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  • IPEN-DOC 29494

    NAUS, STIJN; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G. ; KROL, MAARTEN; LUIJKX, INGRID T.; GATTI, LUCIANA V. ; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, EMANUEL; BASU, SOURISH; CORREIA, CAIO ; KOREN, GERBRAND; WORDEN, HELEN M.; FLEMMING, JOHANNES; PETRON, GABRIELLE; PETERS, WOUTER. Sixteen years of MOPITT satellite data strongly constrain Amazon CO fire emissions. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, v. 22, n. 22, p. 14735-14750, 2022. DOI: 10.5194/acp-22-14735-2022

    Abstract: Despite the consensus on the overall downward trend in Amazon forest loss in the previous decade, estimates of yearly carbon emissions from deforestation still vary widely. Estimated carbon emissions are currently often based on data from local logging activity reports, changes in remotely sensed biomass, and remote detection of fire hotspots and burned area. Here, we use 16 years of satellite-derived carbon monoxide (CO) columns to constrain fire CO emissions from the Amazon Basin between 2003 and 2018. Through data assimilation, we produce 3 d average maps of fire CO emissions over the Amazon, which we verified to be consistent with a long-term monitoring programme of aircraft CO profiles over five sites in the Amazon. Our new product independently confirms a long-term decrease of 54% in deforestation-related CO emissions over the study period. Interannual variability is large, with known anomalously dry years showing a more than 4-fold increase in basin-wide fire emissions relative to wet years. At the level of individual Brazilian states, we find that both soil moisture anomalies and human ignitions determine fire activity, suggesting that future carbon release from fires depends on drought intensity as much as on continued forest protection. Our study shows that the atmospheric composition perspective on deforestation is a valuable additional monitoring instrument that complements existing bottom-up and remote sensing methods for land-use change. Extension of such a perspective to an operational framework is timely considering the observed increased fire intensity in the Amazon Basin between 2019 and 2021.

    Palavras-Chave: carbon; emission; satellites; fires; satellite atmospheres; carbon monoxide; forests; amazon river

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  • IPEN-DOC 29493

    PASQUALINI, ALEXANDRE A. ; ARTHUR, VALTER ; SCHIAVOLIN, MICHELEN B.; ABREU, MARINA R. de; CAMARGO-MATHIAS, MARIA I.. Histological evaluation of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick ovaries subjected to cobalt-60 ionizing radiation. Applied Veterinary Research, v. 1, n. 2, p. 1-7, 2022. DOI: 10.31893/avr.2022007

    Abstract: Females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks ingurgitated and in the prepost phase were submitted to doses of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 Gy of Cobalt-60 with the aim of evaluating their effects on ovarian morphohistology with consequent establishment of the degree of damage caused to the reproductive organs of this species. For this purpose, 24 hours after exposure to Co-60 (142 Gy/h) the ectoparasites were dissected and had their ovaries removed and prepared for histology with haematoxylin and eosin staining. The results obtained showed that the 5 Gy dose radiation had a morphological aspect similar to the control standard adopted. The histological sections related to doses of 10 and 15 Gy did not cause many changes in the ovaries, except that changes were observed in the calf granules (size, distribution and staining pattern), as well as the extensive presence of cytoplasmic vacuoles in the ovocytes, especially in the region that makes contact with the ovocyte/pedicel, suggesting the occurrence of changes also in the physiology of the organ. In the ovaries exposed to doses of 20 and 25 Gy, severe alterations were observed in the organ as a whole, as well as in the germ cells (oocytes) which suffered alterations in size and shape, distribution of calf granules, involvement of the DNA present in the germinal vesicle (oocyte nuclei), besides the extensive cytoplasmic vacuolization, alterations which made the maturation of these cells impossible and consequently inhibited the production of new individuals.

    Palavras-Chave: insects; ticks; histology; animal tissues; cobalt 60; ovaries; ionizing radiations; histological techniques

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  • IPEN-DOC 29492

    ARTHUR, PAULA B. ; LEANDRO, RODRIGO S.R. ; HARDER, MARCIA N.C.; ARTHUR, VALTER . Animal welfare provisions in cattery: an observational study. Applied Veterinary Research, v. 1, n. 4, p. 1-4, 2022. DOI: 10.31893/avr.2022020

    Abstract: The present study had the objective of proposing adaptations for a permanent housing environment for neutered cats. Priorities and management practices were characterized by better animals health and quality of life. An animal observation survey was carried out on two different types of catteries: A, where the animals had an environment with greater freedom of movement, and cattery B, with animals with a reduced environment. The problems encountered in each were observed, such as sanitary, nutritional, and especially environmental management. Behavior was taken into account, according to the environment experienced by domestic cats castrated in confinement in the two different types of catteries. Based on the frequency and behavioral sequence of the groups analyzed, it was concluded that the environment of the cattery A promoted greater well-being of the animals.

    Palavras-Chave: animals; domestic animals; quality of life; cats; management; public health; environment

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  • IPEN-DOC 29491

    REIS, FABRICIO C. ; ARAUJO, MARCIO M. de ; ROMANO, JAMILE I.S. ; POTENZA, MARCOS R.; ARTHUR, VALTER. Dose letal imediata de radiação gama para espécies de carunchos do feijão utilizando irradiador multipropósito / Immediate lethal dose of gamma radiation for three species of weevil of bean used multipurpose irradiator. Agrarian, v. 15, n. 55, 2022. DOI: 10.30612/agrarian.v15i55.15712

    Abstract: Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a dose letal imediata de radiação gama do Cobalto-60 (60Co) para Acanthocelides obtectus, Zabrotes subfasciatus e Callosobruchus maculatus utilizando o irradiador multipropósito IPEN/CNEN. Os insetos foram mantidos em grãos de feijão das variedades Phaseolus vulgaris e Vigna unguiculata acondicionados em potes plásticos. Utilizando-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, foram selecionados 20 indivíduos adultos com idade entre 3–7 dias, para cada repetição, num total de 5 repetições por tratamento. Foram aplicadas doses crescentes de radiação gama até atingir a mortalidade total dos insetos. A dose de 3,0 kGy foi estabelecida para controle imediato dos insetos adultos das espécies estudadas.

    Palavras-Chave: food processing; irradiation; insects; pest control; cobalt 60; gamma radiation; radiation doses

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  • IPEN-DOC 29490

    FELGUEIRAS, CARLOS F. . Avaliação do bioindicador Sterikon® plus (Merck-Millipore) por filtração em membrana. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - SECQR, Março, 2023. (IPEN-SECQR-2023-0002 Rev.00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Desenvolvimento de processos de controle de qualidade de radiofármacos (CECRF)

    Abstract: O procedimento de esterilização por autoclavação deve ser monitorado pelo uso de indicadores biológicos (bioindicadores), em adição aos indicadores químicos e aos registros de temperatura e pressão da autoclave. A esterilização por calor úmido é o processo terminal que assegura a esterilidade tanto dos produtos GAL-IPEN e CARD-IPEN quanto da solução de molibdato de sódio-99Mo, antes que esta seja adicionada às colunas de alumina na produção do GERADOR IPEN-TEC. O indicador biológico em uso no Centro de Radiofarmácia é o da marca Sterikon® plus, fabricado pela empresa Merck-Millipore. A rotina de utilização do referido bioindicador revelou frequente alteração da coloração do conteúdo da ampola, antes e após incubação a (60 ± 1) °C por 48 horas, o que prejudica a interpretação do teste e a liberação final dos lotes de radiofármacos estéreis. A fim de detectar microrganismos viáveis no bioindicador após incubação, sem tomar a coloração como referência, propomos neste trabalho a adoção da técnica de filtração em membrana. Também foi avaliada a possibilidade de realizar o ensaio após o decaimento dos radionuclídeos residuais nas ampolas, visando a minimizar o risco radiológico para o analista. Metodologia: (a) verificação do teste de filtração em membrana para detecção de Geobacillus stearothernophilus nas ampolas de bioindicador, frente a duas condições físico-químicas distintas do conteúdo das ampolas (adequação do teste); (b) estimativa da atividade radioativa residual média em ampolas de bioindicador, após incubação, submetidas à autoclavação nos processos produtivos de GERADOR IPEN-TEC, GAL-IPEN e CARD-IPEN; (c) cálculo do tempo para decaimento da atividade radioativa residual até os limites de isenção de cada radionuclídeo: Mo-99 (GERADOR IPEN-TEC), Tl-201 (CARD-IPEN) e Ga-67 (GAL-IPEN); seleção do maior intervalo de tempo como referência para os próximos testes com o bioindicador; (d) aplicação do teste de filtração em membrana com bioindicadores submetidos a três condições simuladas de autoclavação, em dois momentos (logo após incubação, e após o tempo de decaimento calculado). Principais resultados: (I) o teste qualitativo com filtração em membrana se mostrou adequado ao uso pretendido, com recuperação microbiana satisfatória em ambas as matrizes testadas; (II) o período estimado para decaimento até os limites de isenção foi de aproximadamente 31 dias, 16 dias e 13 dias para ampolas com Mo-99, Tl-201 e Ga-67, respectivamente; (III) os resultados dos testes qualitativos com ampolas logo após a incubação de 48 horas se mostraram compatíveis com as três condições simuladas de autoclavação, o que não ocorreu com ampolas após o período de decaimento calculado. Conclusões e recomendações: o teste qualitativo de filtração em membrana para detecção de G. stearothernophilus nas ampolas do bioindicador Sterikon® plus é adequado para avaliar as ampolas autoclavadas e incubadas a (60 ± 1) °C por 48 horas, e que apresentem conteúdo com coloração variante antes e/ou após a incubação. Recomendamos medidas ordinárias de proteção radiológica na manipulação das ampolas, que usualmente portam traços de radionuclídeos com atividade inferior aos limites de dispensa conforme norma CNEN NN 8.01. A descrição da técnica para o teste qualitativo segue em Anexo ao trabalho.

    Palavras-Chave: radioisotopes; radiopharmaceuticals; quality control; biological indicators

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  • IPEN-DOC 29489

    VICENTE, ROBSON V. . Validação de método de pureza radioquímica do radiofármaco GUAN-IPEN-131 / Validation of the radiochemical purity method of the radiopharmaceutical GUAN-IPEN-131 . 2022. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologia das Radiações em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 78 p. Orientador: Margareth Mie Nakamura Matsuda. Coorientador: Elaine Bortoleti de Araújo.

    Abstract: Tumores neuroendócrinos (TNE) têm suas origem nas células especializadas do sistema neuroendócrino difuso pelo corpo. A 131I-MIBG cuja denominação comum brasileira é iobenguano, é um radiofármaco utilizado para diagnóstico, na detecção, localização e estadiamento de TNE e suas metástases, tais como feocromocitomas, neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, e etc; sendo a meta-iodo-benzil-guanidina (MIBG) um análogo da guanetidina, um falso neurotransmissor, que é captado pelos neurônios adrenérgicos à semelhança da norepinefrina, mas que não participa do metabolismo intracelular. A Medicina Nuclear contribui para o diagnóstico e terapia de vários tipos de doenças em diferentes órgãos do corpo humano, o uso dos radiofármacos como agentes diagnósticos, podem fornecer informações úteis sobre um câncer em estágio inicial, ou mais avançado, além de viabilizar o prognóstico. Os ensaios de controle de qualidade (CQ) nos radiofármacos devem ser realizados conforme o preconizado nas monografias farmacopeicas nacionais e internacionais, após a preparação do radiofármaco e antes da administração no paciente. As Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF) constituem parte do Gerenciamento da Qualidade que garante que os produtos sejam sempre fabricados e produzidos de acordo com os padrões de qualidade apropriados para o uso pretendido. Um dos principais ensaios de CQ é a pureza radioquímica (PRQ) e o atendimento à essa especificação, é um dos requisitos para obter uma biodistribuição do radiofármaco e imageamento por SPECT (Tomografia Computadorizada por Emissão de Fóton Único) ou PET (Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons), livres de artefatos, e de dosimetria em órgãos não alvos, causados pela presença de impurezas radioquímicas. A PRQ é definida como a porcentagem total da radioatividade presente na forma química desejada em um produto farmacêutico radioativo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar o protocolo de validação do método de pureza radioquímica do radiofármaco GUAN-IPEN-131 e executar a validação completa do método, incluindo realizar ensaios de seletividade, linearidade, intervalo (faixa de trabalho), precisão (repetibilidade e precisão intermediária) e robustez. Os resultados de todos os ensaios atenderam aos requisitos e a pureza radioquímica do produto foi acima de 94%. A execução do protocolo permitiu concluir que a cromatografia em papel é uma técnica adequada para uso rotineiro de controle de qualidade para determinação da pureza radioquímica da GUAN-IPEN-131.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29488

    JUNGES, SAMIRA . Elaboração de um sistema de proteção física para fontes radioativas utilizadas nas práticas clínicas de radioterapia / Elaboration of a physical protection system for radioactive sources used in radiotherapy clinical practices . 2022. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologia das Radiações em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 85 p. Orientador: Carlos Alberto Zeituni.

    Abstract: A utilização de materiais radioativos na prática clínica é empregada para tratamento ou melhoria da qualidade de vida de pacientes com doenças como o câncer, desde a descoberta da radioatividade. A remoção mal-intencionada e não autorizada destas fontes pode levar a consequências catastróficas e irremediáveis. Pensando na segurança destes materiais radioativos, a norma Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear 2.06 foi proposta em 2019, com prazo de adequação para as instalações brasileiras em relação aos requisitos de segurança física por ela definidos. Objetivo: Propor um modelo para a elaboração de sistema de proteção física para fontes de radiação, especialmente as utilizadas na técnica de braquiterapia, que contribua para melhoria da segurança de fontes e na adequação às normas vigentes dos serviços de radioterapia brasileiros. Materiais e Métodos: Um projeto conceitual de um Sistema de Proteção Física para fontes radioativas utilizadas em radioterapia foi elaborado utilizando a metodologia DEPO (Perfil do Processo de Projeto e Avaliação), considerando também as recomendações da Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica (IAEA) e as exigências da Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), em especial a normativa nuclear 2.06. Resultados: As sequências de eventos considerando diferentes caminhos até a fonte foram traçados e a partir deles os pontos críticos de detecção (PCD) foram determinados. As probabilidades de interrupção do sistema foram calculadas e avaliadas e então a eficácia do sistema pode ser estimada, apresentando valores entre 91% 99% considerando otimizações na estrutura do projeto de Proteção Física. Conclusões: Utilizando a metodologia proposta foi possível estruturar o projeto de um sistema de proteção física, delineando as áreas que segurança, os elementos de proteção física e os fluxos de adversários possíveis. Frente às ameaças postuladas, os objetivos de eficácia do SisPF para o projeto conceitual foram atingidos, após adequações do projeto. Medidas personalizadas dos elementos de proteção (detecção, retardo e resposta) para cada SisPF são necessárias para corroborar a robustez de um projeto de proteção física bem como o conhecimento real acerca das ameaças brasileiras às fontes radioativas.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29487

    MENDES, VALERIA . Non-ablative treatment of sleep breathing disorders with the association of two high-intensity pulsed lasers : Nd:YAG and Er:YAG / Tratamento não-ablativo dos distúrbios respiratórios do sono com associação de dois lasers pulsados de alta intensidade: Nd:YAG e Er:YAG . 2022. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologia das Radiações em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 198 p. Orientador: Denise Maria Zezell.

    Abstract: Primary snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) represent different severity degrees of the same chronic, complex and progressive disease, which affects about one billion people worldwide. It is more prevalent in elderly men. Historically, snoring is seen as a social problem, being considered the most benign form of sleep breathing disorders (SBD). Because of this, treatment is not prescribed. Snoring noise occurs as a result of soft tissue vibration in the region of upper airway (UA) greater constriction during sleep. Therapeutic options may involve medical treatments, use of devices, and surgical procedures. As for the results, all of them have limitations. Adherence to treatment and cases of relapse over time represent the greatest challenge in disease control. Increased cardiovascular risk, emergence of chronic diseases and use of medications result from worsening and disease progression. A dysregulation of palatopharyngeal muscle tone plays a significant role in this disorder. After determining the best irradiation conditions, this study aims to evaluate the treatment of SBD with high intensity non-ablative irradiation with two pulsed lasers: Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) followed by Er:YAG laser (2940 nm), both from Fotona LightWalker platform, comparing results before and after the intervention. A controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was performed with approval of the research ethics committee. Thirty volunteers that transitioned between primary snoring and moderate obstructive sleep apnea were treated in three sessions of non-ablative laser irradiation, with a 14-day interval between them. The upper airway lumen for airflow passage was analyzed by photographic record, according to modified Mallampati index. Oxyhemoglobin desaturation parameters, severity of snoring (noise amplitude and sleep time with snoring) as well as aspects of sleep quality were also evaluated. The main clinical result obtained is the expansion of the upper airways lumen by reduction of tissue compliance in an outpatient procedure. Therefore, improvement of sleep breathing disorder.

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A pesquisa no RD utiliza os recursos de busca da maioria das bases de dados. No entanto algumas dicas podem auxiliar para obter um resultado mais pertinente.

✔ É possível efetuar a busca de um autor ou um termo em todo o RD, por meio do Buscar no Repositório , isto é, o termo solicitado será localizado em qualquer campo do RD. No entanto esse tipo de pesquisa não é recomendada a não ser que se deseje um resultado amplo e generalizado.

✔ A pesquisa apresentará melhor resultado selecionando um dos filtros disponíveis em Navegar

✔ Os filtros disponíveis em Navegar tais como: Coleções, Ano de publicação, Títulos, Assuntos, Autores, Revista, Tipo de publicação são autoexplicativos. O filtro, Autores IPEN apresenta uma relação com os autores vinculados ao IPEN; o ID Autor IPEN diz respeito ao número único de identificação de cada autor constante no RD e sob o qual estão agrupados todos os seus trabalhos independente das variáveis do seu nome; Tipo de acesso diz respeito à acessibilidade do documento, isto é , sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, ID RT apresenta a relação dos relatórios técnicos, restritos para consulta das comunidades indicadas.

A opção Busca avançada utiliza os conectores da lógica boleana, é o melhor recurso para combinar chaves de busca e obter documentos relevantes à sua pesquisa, utilize os filtros apresentados na caixa de seleção para refinar o resultado de busca. Pode-se adicionar vários filtros a uma mesma busca.

Exemplo:

Buscar os artigos apresentados em um evento internacional de 2015, sobre loss of coolant, do autor Maprelian.

Autor: Maprelian

Título: loss of coolant

Tipo de publicação: Texto completo de evento

Ano de publicação: 2015

✔ Para indexação dos documentos é utilizado o Thesaurus do INIS, especializado na área nuclear e utilizado em todos os países membros da International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA , por esse motivo, utilize os termos de busca de assunto em inglês; isto não exclui a busca livre por palavras, apenas o resultado pode não ser tão relevante ou pertinente.

✔ 95% do RD apresenta o texto completo do documento com livre acesso, para aqueles que apresentam o significa que e o documento está sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, solicita-se nesses casos contatar a Biblioteca do IPEN, bibl@ipen.br .

✔ Ao efetuar a busca por um autor o RD apresentará uma relação de todos os trabalhos depositados no RD. No lado direito da tela são apresentados os coautores com o número de trabalhos produzidos em conjunto bem como os assuntos abordados e os respectivos anos de publicação agrupados.

✔ O RD disponibiliza um quadro estatístico de produtividade, onde é possível visualizar o número dos trabalhos agrupados por tipo de coleção, a medida que estão sendo depositados no RD.

✔ Na página inicial nas referências são sinalizados todos os autores IPEN, ao clicar nesse símbolo será aberta uma nova página correspondente à aquele autor – trata-se da página do pesquisador.

✔ Na página do pesquisador, é possível verificar, as variações do nome, a relação de todos os trabalhos com texto completo bem como um quadro resumo numérico; há links para o Currículo Lattes e o Google Acadêmico ( quando esse for informado).

ATENÇÃO!

ESTE TEXTO "AJUDA" ESTÁ SUJEITO A ATUALIZAÇÕES CONSTANTES, A MEDIDA QUE NOVAS FUNCIONALIDADES E RECURSOS DE BUSCA FOREM SENDO DESENVOLVIDOS PELAS EQUIPES DA BIBLIOTECA E DA INFORMÁTICA.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

1. Portaria IPEN-CNEN/SP nº 387, que estabeleceu os princípios que nortearam a criação do RDI, clique aqui.


2. A experiência do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) na criação de um Repositório Digital Institucional – RDI, clique aqui.

O Repositório Digital do IPEN é um equipamento institucional de acesso aberto, criado com o objetivo de reunir, preservar, disponibilizar e conferir maior visibilidade à Produção Científica publicada pelo Instituto, desde sua criação em 1956.

Operando, inicialmente como uma base de dados referencial o Repositório foi disponibilizado na atual plataforma, em junho de 2015. No Repositório está disponível o acesso ao conteúdo digital de artigos de periódicos, eventos, nacionais e internacionais, livros, capítulos, dissertações, teses e relatórios técnicos.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.