Navegação Periódicos - Artigos por assunto "dusts"

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  • IPEN-DOC 27704

    OLIVEIRA, DANIEL C.F. dos S.; MONTILLA-ROSERO, ELENA; LOPES, FABIO J. da S. ; MORAIS, FERNANDO G. ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; HOELZEMANN, JUDITH J.. Aerosol properties in the atmosphere of Natal/Brazil measured by an AERONET Sun-photometer. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, v. 28, n. 8, p. 9806-9823, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11373-z

    Abstract: We analyzed data measured by a Sun-photometer of the RIMA-AERONET network with the purpose to characterize the aerosol properties in the atmosphere over Natal, state capital of Rio Grande do Norte, at the coast of Northeast Brazil. Aerosol Optical Depth, Ångström Exponent, Volume Size Distribution, Single Scattering Albedo, Complex Refractive Index, Asymmetry Factor, and Precipitable Water were analyzed from August 2017 to March 2018. In addition, MODIS and CALIOP observations, local Lidar measurements, and modeled backward trajectories were analyzed in a case study on February 9, 2018, that consistently confirmed the identification of a persistent aerosol layer below 4 km agl. Aerosols present in the atmosphere of Natal showed monthly mean Aerosol Optical Depth at 500 nm below 0.15 (~ 75%), monthly means of the Ångström Exponent at 440–670 nm between 0.30 and 0.70 (~ 69%), bimodal Volume Size Distribution is dominantly coarse mode, Single Scattering Albedo at 440 nm is 0.80, Refractive Index - Real Part around 1.50, Refractive Index - Imaginary Part ranging from 0.01 to 0.04, and the Asymmetry Factor ranged from 0.73 to 0.80. The aerosol typing during the measurement period showed that atmospheric aerosol over Natal is mostly composed of mixed aerosol (58.10%), marine aerosol (34.80%), mineral dust (6.30%), and biomass burning aerosols (0.80%). Backward trajectories identified that 51% of the analyzed air masses over Natal originated from the African continent.

    Palavras-Chave: satellite atmospheres; sun; photometers; optical radar; optical systems; aerial monitoring; atmospheres; optical properties; dusts; environment; environmental impacts; physical properties; biomass; brazil; africa; climatic change

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  • IPEN-DOC 26403

    OLIVEIRA, ALINE M. de; SOUZA, CRISTINA T.; OLIVEIRA, NARA P.M. de; MELO, ALINE K.S.; LOPES, FABIO J.S. ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; ELBERN, HENDRIK; HOELZEMANN, JUDITH J.. Analysis of atmospheric aerosol optical properties in the northeast Brazilian atmosphere with remote sensing data from MODIS and CALIOP/CALIPSO satellites, AERONET photometers and a ground-based Lidar. Atmosphere, v. 10, n. 10, p. 1-22, 2019. DOI: 10.3390/atmos10100594

    Abstract: A 12-year analysis, from 2005 to 2016, of atmospheric aerosol optical properties focusing for the first time on Northeast Brazil (NEB) was performed based on four di erent remote sensing datasets: the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), the Cloud-Aerosol LIDAR with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) and a ground-based Lidar from Natal. We evaluated and identified distinct aerosol types, considering Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Angström Exponent (AE). All analyses show that over the NEB, a low aerosol scenario prevails, while there are two distinct seasons of more elevated AOD that occur every year, from August to October and January to March. According to MODIS, AOD values ranges from 0.04 to 0.52 over the region with a mean of 0.20 and occasionally isolated outliers of up to 1.21. Aerosol types were identified as sea spray, biomass burning, and dust aerosols mostly transported from tropical Africa. Three case studies on days with elevated AOD were performed. All cases identified the same aerosol types and modeled HYSPLIT backward trajectories confirmed their source-dependent origins. This analysis is motivated by the implementation of an atmospheric chemistry model with an advanced data assimilation system that will use the observational database over NEB with the model to overcome high uncertainties in the model results induced by still unvalidated emission inventories.

    Palavras-Chave: aerosols; aerosol monitoring; optical radar; dusts; datasets; satellites; atmospherics; meteorology; optical properties; brazil; atmospheric circulation

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  • IPEN-DOC 24738

    GUEDES, ANDERSON G.; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; MONTILLA-ROSERO, ELENA; LOPES, FABIO J.S. ; HOELZEMANN, JUDITH J.; FERNANDEZ, JOSE H.; SILVA, MARCOS P.A.; SANTOS, RENATA S.S.; GUERRERO-RASCADO, JUAN L.; ALADOS-ARBOLEDAS, LUCAS. Detection of saharan mineral dust aerosol transport over brazilian northeast through a depolarization lidar. EPJ Web of Conferences, v. 176, n. 05036, p. 1-4, 2018. DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817605036

    Abstract: In this study we present results of linear volume depolarization ratio profiles obtained by a depolarization lidar in operation in Natal, Brazil. The DUSTER system has 4 channels, namely: 1064, 532 s/p and 355 nm. This system is calibrated with a half-wave plate using the Δ90° methodology. The data obtained from this system is correlated with AERONET sunphotometer data, and, when available, CALIPSO satellite data. In addition a trajectory model (HYSPLIT) is used to calculate backward trajectories to assess the origin of the dust polluted air parcels. The objective is to create a transport database of Saharan dust.

    Palavras-Chave: dusts; aerosols; aerosol monitoring; satellite atmospheres; depolarization; optical radar; brazil; deserts; minerals; africa

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  • IPEN-DOC 26653

    BENAVENT-OLTRA, JOSE A.; ROMAN, ROBERTO; CASQUERO-VERA, JUAN A.; PEREZ-RAMIREZ, DANIEL; LYAMANI, HASSAN; ORTIZ-AMEZCUA, PABLO; BEDOYA-VELASQUEZ, ANDRES E.; MOREIRA, GREGORI de A. ; BARRETO, AFRICA; LOPATIN, ANTON; FUERTES, DAVID; HERRERA, MILAGROS; TORRES, BENJAMIN; DUBOVIK, OLEG; GUERRERO-RASCADO, JUAN L.; GOLOUB, PHILIPPE; OLMO-REYES, FRANCISCO J.; ALADOS-ARBOLEDAS, LUCAS. Different strategies to retrieve aerosol properties at night-time with the GRASP algorithm. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, v. 19, n. 22, p. 14149-14171, 2019. DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-14149-2019

    Abstract: This study evaluates the potential of the GRASP algorithm (Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) to retrieve continuous day-to-night aerosol properties, both column-integrated and vertically resolved. The study is focused on the evaluation of GRASP retrievals during an intense Saharan dust event that occurred during the Sierra Nevada Lidar aerOsol Profiling Experiment I (SLOPE I) field campaign. For daytime aerosol retrievals, we combined the measurements of the ground-based lidar from EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) station and sun–sky photometer from AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network), both instruments co-located in Granada (Spain). However, for night-time retrievals three different combinations of active and passive remote-sensing measurements are proposed. The first scheme (N0) uses lidar night-time measurements in combination with the interpolation of sun–sky daytime measurements. The other two schemes combine lidar night-time measurements with nighttime aerosol optical depth obtained by lunar photometry either using intensive properties of the aerosol retrieved during sun–sky daytime measurements (N1) or using the Moon aureole radiance obtained by sky camera images (N2). Evaluations of the columnar aerosol properties retrieved by GRASP are done versus standard AERONET retrievals. The coherence of day-to-night evolutions of the different aerosol properties retrieved by GRASP is also studied. The extinction coefficient vertical profiles retrieved by GRASP are compared with the profiles calculated by the Raman technique at night-time with differences below 30% for all schemes at 355, 532 and 1064 nm. Finally, the volume concentration and scattering coefficient retrieved by GRASP at 2500ma.s.l. are evaluated by in situ measurements at this height at Sierra Nevada Station. The differences between GRASP and in situ measurements are similar for the different schemes, with differences below 30% for both volume concentration and scattering coefficient. In general, for the scattering coefficient, the GRASP N0 and N1 show better results than the GRASP N2 schemes, while for volume concentration, GRASP N2 shows the lowest differences against in situ measurements (around 10 %) for high aerosol optical depth values.

    Palavras-Chave: algorithms; aerosol monitoring; surface properties; dusts; optical properties; optical radar; deserts; aerosol wastes; raman effect

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  • IPEN-DOC 22603

    GERAB, FABIO ; ARTAXO, PAULO; GILLETT, R.; AYERS, G.. PIXE, PIGE and ion chromatography of aerosol particles from northeast Amazon Basin. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B - Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, v. 136, p. 955-960, 1998. DOI: 10.1016/S0168-583X(97)00887-2

    Abstract: Characterization of atmospheric aerosols collected in the northeast part of the Amazon Basin is presented. The main aerosol source in that region is the forest natural biogenic emission. The aerosol samples were collected using stacked filter units, and were analyzed applying several analytical techniques: Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) for the quantitative analysis of trace elements with 2 > 1 I; Particle Induced Gamma-ray Emission (PIGE) for the quantitative analysis of Na; Ion Chromatography (IC) was used to quantify ionic contents of aerosols from the fine mode particulate samples. A reflectance technique was used in order to measure black carbon concentrations; Gravimetric analysis was used in order to determine the total atmospheric aerosol mass concentration. The comparison from PIXE and IC concentration measurements for S. K and Ca techniques were in an excellent agreement. A good agreement was also obtained for Na concentrations measured by PIGE and IC techniques. Multivariate statistical analysis was used in order to identify and characterize the sources of the atmospheric aerosol present in the sampled region. The Serra do Navio aerosol is characterized by biogenic emissions. responsible for the majority of the total fine mass concentration. A strong marine influence was also noted. Soil dust is also an important aerosol source in that region.

    Palavras-Chave: gamma radiation; x-ray emission analysis; chromatography; aerosols; amazon river; gravimetric analysis; dusts; sedimentary basins

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  • IPEN-DOC 26501

    SOUPIONA, O.; SAMARAS, S.; ORTIZ-AMEZCUA, P.; BOCKMANN, C.; PAPAYANNIS, A.; MOREIRA, G.A. ; BENAVENT-OLTRA, J.A.; GUERRERO-RASCADO, J.L.; BEDOYA-VELASQUEZ, A.E.; OLMO, F.J.; ROMAN, R.; KOKKALIS, P.; MYLONAKI, M.; ALADOS-ARBOLEDAS, L.; PAPANIKOLAOU, C.A.; FOSKINIS, R.. Retrieval of optical and microphysical properties of transported Saharan dust over Athens and Granada based on multi-wavelength Raman lidar measurements: study of the mixing processes. Atmospheric Environment, v. 214, p. 1-15, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116824

    Abstract: In this paper we extract the aerosol microphysical properties for a collection of mineral dust cases measured by multi-wavelength depolarization Raman lidar systems located at the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA, Athens, Greece) and the Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA, Granada, Spain). The lidar-based retrievals were carried out with the Spheroidal Inversion eXperiments software tool (SphInX) developed at the University of Potsdam (Germany). The software uses regularized inversion of a two-dimensional enhancement of the Mie model based on the spheroid-particle approximation with the aspect ratio determining the particle shape. The selection of the cases was based on the transport time from the source regions to the measuring sites. The aerosol optical depth as measured by AERONET ranged from 0.27 to 0.54 (at 500 nm) depending on the intensity of each event. Our analysis showed the hourly mean particle linear depolarization ratio and particle lidar ratio values at 532 nm ranging from 11 to 34% and from 42 to 79 sr respectively, depending on the mixing status, the corresponding air mass pathways and their transport time. Cases with shorter transport time showed good agreement in terms of the optical and SphInXretrieved microphysical properties between Athens and Granada providing a complex refractive index value equal to 1.4 + 0.004i. On the other hand, the results for cases with higher transport time deviated from the aforementioned ones as well as from each other, providing, in particular, an imaginary part of the refractive index ranging from 0.002 to 0.005. Reconstructions of two-dimensional shape-size distributions for each selected layer showed that the dominant effective particle shape was prolate with diverse spherical contributions. The retrieved volume concentrations reflect overall the intensity of the episodes.

    Palavras-Chave: aerosols; minerals; dusts; aerial monitoring; deserts; optical radar; depolarization; computer codes; aerosol monitoring

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  • IPEN-DOC 29626

    XIAO, DA; WANG, NANCHAO; CHEN, SIJIE; WU, LINGYUN; MULLER, DETLEF; VESELOVSKII, IGOR; LI, CHENGCAI; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; SIVAKUMAR, VENKATARAMAN; LI, JING; CHE, HUIZHENG; FANG, JING; ZHANG, KAI; WANG, BINYU; CHEN, FEITONG; HU, XIANZHE; LI, XIAOTAO; LI, WEIZE; TONG, YICHENG; KE, JU; WU, LAN; LIU, CHONG; LIU, DONG. Simultaneous profiling of dust aerosol mass concentration and optical properties with polarized high-spectral-resolution lidar. Science of the Total Environment, v. 872, p. 1-13, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162091

    Abstract: Dust particles originating from arid desert regions can be transported over long distances, presenting severe risks to climate, environment, social economics, and human health at the source and downwind regions. However, there has been a dearth of continuous diurnal observations of vertically resolved mass concentration and optical properties of dust aerosols, which hinders our understanding of aerosol mixing, stratification, aerosol-cloud interactions, and their impacts on the environment. To fill the gap of the insufficient observations, to the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) observation providing days of continuous profiles of the mass concentration, along with particle linear depolarization ratio (PLDR), backscattering coefficient, extinction coefficient and lidar ratio (LR), simultaneously. We present the results of two strong dust events observed by HSRL over Beijing in 2021. The maximum particle mass concentrations reached (1.52 ± 3.5) x103 μg/m3 and (19.48 ± 0.36) x103 μg/m3 for the two dust events, respectively. The retrieved particle mass concentrations and aerosol optical depth (AOD) agree well with the observation from the surface PM10 concentrations and sun photometer with correlation coefficients of 0.90 and 0.95, respectively. The intensive properties of PLDR and LR of the dust aerosols are 0.31 ± 0.02 and 39 ± 7 sr at 532 nm, respectively, which are generally close to those obtained from observations in the downwind areas. Moreover, inspired by the observations from HSRL, a universal analytical relationship is discovered to evaluate the proportion of dust aerosol backscattering, extinction, AOD, and mass concentration using PLDR. The universal analytical relationship reveals that PLDR can directly quantify dust aerosol contribution, which is expected to further expand the application of polarization technology in dust detection. These valuable observations and findings further our understanding of the contribution of dust aerosol to the environment and help supplement dust aerosol databases.

    Palavras-Chave: dusts; aerosols; particles; optical radar; environmental impacts

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  • IPEN-DOC 24745

    LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; LOPES, FABIO ; RISTORI, PABLO; QUEL, EDUARDO; OTERO, LIDIA; FORNO, RICARDO; SANCHEZ, MARIA F.; BARBOSA, HENRIQUE; GOUVEIA, DIEGO; SANTOS, AMANDA V.; BASTIDAS, ALVARO; NISPERUZA, DANIEL. South american aerosol tracking - LALINET. EPJ Web of Conferences, v. 176, n. 09009, p. 1-4, 2018. DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817609009

    Abstract: LALINET lidar stations were used to track down aerosols generated over Amazon region and transported over the continent. These data were merged with collocated Aeronet stations in order to help in their identification together with HYSPLIT simulations. The results show potential indication of how aerosol can age in their long transport over regions South and Westward from the source areas by change of their optical properties.

    Palavras-Chave: dusts; aerosols; aerosol monitoring; satellite atmospheres; optical radar; amazon river; monitoring; information systems

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  • IPEN-DOC 22379

    BEDOYA, ANDRES; NISPERUZA, DANIEL; ALEGRIA, DAIRO; MUNERA, MAURICIO; GUERRERO RASCADO, JUAN L.; ZAPATA, CARMEN E.; JIMENEZ, JOSE F.; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; BASTIDAS, ALVARO. Strong saharan dust event detected at LALINET LOA-UNAL station, over Medellin, Colombia by active and passive remote sensing. EPJ Web of Conferences, v. 119, p. 08006-1 - 08006-4, 2016.

    Palavras-Chave: colombia; remote sensing; aerosols; optical properties; physical properties; optical radar; dusts; particles

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  • IPEN-DOC 25115

    MOREIRA, GREGORI de A. ; GUERRERO-RASCADO, JUAN L.; BRAVO-ARANDA, JUAN A.; BENAVENT-OLTRA, JOSE A.; ORTIZ-AMEZCUA, PABLO; ROMAN, ROBERTO; BEDOYA-VELASQUEZ, ANDRES E.; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; ALADOS-ARBOLEDAS, LUCAS. Study of the planetary boundary layer by microwave radiometer, elastic lidar and Doppler lidar estimations in Southern Iberian Peninsula. Atmospheric Research, v. 213, p. 185-195, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.06.007

    Abstract: The Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) is a relevant part of the atmosphere with a variable extension that clearly plays an important role in fields like air quality or weather forecasting. Passive and active remote sensing systems have been widely applied to analyze PBL characteristics. The combination of different remote sensing techniques allows obtaining a complete picture on the PBL dynamic. In this study, we analyze the PBL using microwave radiometer, elastic lidar and Doppler lidar data. We use co-located data simultaneously gathered in the framework of SLOPE-I (Sierra Nevada Lidar aerOsol Profiling Experiment) campaign at Granada (Spain) during a 90- day period in summer 2016. Firstly, the PBL height (PBLH) obtained from microwave radiometer data is validated against PBLH provided by analyzing co-located radiosondes, showing a good agreement. In a second stage, active remote sensing systems are used for deriving the PBLH. Thus, an extended Kalman filter method is applied to data obtained by the elastic lidar while the vertical wind speed variance method is applied to the Doppler lidar. PBLH′s derived by these approaches are compared to PBLH retrieved by the microwave radiometer. The results show a good agreement among these retrievals based on active remote sensing in most of the cases, although some discrepancies appear in instances of intense PBL changes (either growth and/or decrease).

    Palavras-Chave: planetary atmospheres; optical radar; doppler effect; spain; microwave radiation; radiometers; troposphere; dusts; meteorology

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  • IPEN-DOC 27774

    NORY, RENATA M. ; FIGUEIREDO, ANA M.G. ; SOUTO-OLIVEIRA, CARLOS E.; BABINSKI, MARLY. Urban contamination sources in tunnel dusts from São Paulo city: elemental and isotopic characterization. Atmospheric Environment, v. 254, p. 1-14, 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118188

    Abstract: Elemental and isotopic composition of tunnel dusts collected from Jânio Quadros (JQ) and Maria Maluf (MM) tunnels in São Paulo city were analyzed aiming to determine the potential sources of trace elements in these environments. Sampling was performed in the summer and winter of 2017. Elemental mass fractions were determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Graphite Furnace Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GF-AAS) for 28 elements. Isotopic signatures of Pb and Zn were determined by Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) and Multicollector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), respectively. The mean mass fractions of elements, such as Pb, Cd, Zn, Sb and Cu, were in general similar to the reported in the literature, in studies that demonstrated urban contamination by potentially toxic elements. Statistics demonstrated significant differences in mass fractions between the tunnels for most analyzed elements. Results showed that rare earth elements, U and Th, mostly associated with geogenic sources, presented higher concentrations in MM tunnels, while elements frequently related to vehicular emissions (Sb, Zn, Ba, Cu and Pb) presented mean mass fraction values higher in JQ tunnel, pointing to a more important contamination in JQ tunnel. No significant differences in the mass fractions between campaigns were observed, evidencing that tunnels are not much affected by external weather conditions. Pb isotopic analysis presented 206Pb/207Pb ratios between 1.1715 and 1.1791 and 208Pb/206Pb ratios between 2.0889 and 2.0961, which pointed out to a vehicular signature, related to tailpipe emissions. On the other hand, Zn isotope data also suggested a vehicular signature, but mostly related to the wear of tires and brakes. Grain size distribution analysis showed that the smallest fractions of dust contained, on average, about 10% of particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 μm, fractions highly inhalable, what may be a concern to human health. Enrichment factors (EFs) showed that Cr, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Sb are the most enriched elements, in both tunnels, but higher EFs were found for JQ tunnel. Principal Component Analysis revealed a profile for a crustal source, marked by U, Th and rare earth elements, whereas vehicular sources were characterized mostly by Pb, Ti and V from gasoline/diesel combustion; Pb and Ti from road paints; Sb, Ba and Zn from brakes, and Zn from wear of steel and tires. These results indicate an important anthropic impact in the tunnels and that vehicular traffic is the main source of potentially toxic elements.

    Palavras-Chave: absorption spectroscopy; contamination; dusts; elements; icp mass spectroscopy; isotope ratio; neutron activation analysis; toxic materials; tunnels; urban areas; x-ray diffraction; x-ray fluorescence analysis

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Operando, inicialmente como uma base de dados referencial o Repositório foi disponibilizado na atual plataforma, em junho de 2015. No Repositório está disponível o acesso ao conteúdo digital de artigos de periódicos, eventos, nacionais e internacionais, livros, capítulos, dissertações, teses e relatórios técnicos.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.