Navegação Periódicos - Artigos por assunto "ecological concentration"

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  • IPEN-DOC 28503

    BASSO, LUANA S.; MARANI, LUCIANO; GATTI, LUCIANA V. ; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, MANUEL; MELACK, JOHN; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G. ; ARAI, EGIDIO; SANCHEZ, ALBER H.; CORREA, SERGIO M.; ANDERSON, LIANA; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.; CORREIA, CAIO S.C. ; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.. Amazon methane budget derived from multi-year airborne observations highlights regional variations in emissions. Communications Earth & Environment, v. 2, n. 1, p. 1-13, 2021. DOI: 10.1038/s43247-021-00314-4

    Abstract: Atmospheric methane concentrations were nearly constant between 1999 and 2006, but have been rising since by an average of ~8 ppb per year. Increases in wetland emissions, the largest natural global methane source, may be partly responsible for this rise. The scarcity of in situ atmospheric methane observations in tropical regions may be one source of large disparities between top-down and bottom-up estimates. Here we present 590 lower-troposphere vertical profiles of methane concentration from four sites across Amazonia between 2010 and 2018. We find that Amazonia emits 46.2 ± 10.3 Tg of methane per year (~8% of global emissions) with no temporal trend. Based on carbon monoxide, 17% of the sources are from biomass burning with the remainder (83%) attributable mainly to wetlands. Northwest-central Amazon emissions are nearly aseasonal, consistent with weak precipitation seasonality, while southern emissions are strongly seasonal linked to soil water seasonality. We also find a distinct east-west contrast with large fluxes in the northeast, the cause of which is currently unclear.

    Palavras-Chave: methane; emission; ecological concentration; climates; amazon river

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  • IPEN-DOC 15450

    BORDON, ISABELLA C.A.C. ; SARKIS, JORGE E.S. ; TOMAS, ACACIO R.G.; SCALCO, ALLAN; LIMA, MARIANA ; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A. ; ANDRADE, NATHALIA P. . Assessment of metal concentrations in muscles of the blue crab, Callinectes danae S., from the Santos estuarine system. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 89, n. 3, p. 484-488, 2012.

    Palavras-Chave: brazil; coastal waters; estuaries; metals; tissues; ecological concentration; biological accumulation; muscles; crabs; crustaceans; contamination; industry

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  • IPEN-DOC 25750

    ARMELIN, M.J.A. ; MAIHARA, V.A. ; COZZOLINO, S.M.F.; SILVA, P.S.C. ; SAIKI, M. . Concentrations of Se, Ba, Zn and Mn in Brazil nuts. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 7, n. 2A, p. 1-10, 2019. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v7i2A.701

    Abstract: The concentrations of Se, Ba, Zn and Mn were determined in samples of Brazil nuts collected in two ways: a) in a production farm predominantly for export and, b) in various points of sale from different regions of Brazil. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was the analytical technique used in this study. Results indicate that the concentrations of Se and Ba varied greatly among the Brazil nut samples analyzed. This large variability may be related to the soil characteristics from which the nuts were produced. An inverse correlation was observed between the concentrations of Se and Ba. On the other hand, the concentrations of Zn and Mn did not show significant differences among these samples.

    Palavras-Chave: nuts; selenium; zinc; barium; manganese; concentration ratio; ecological concentration; neutron activation analysis; quality control; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 22642

    JESUS, SUELI C. de ; CHIRINOS, HUGO. Distribuição de sup(226)Ra e sup(228)Ra em águas subterrâneas da região sul do Estado de São Paulo / Distribution of sup(226)Ra e sup(228)Ra in underground water into the south region of São Paulo State. Periódico Tchê Química, v. 8, n. 16, p. 74-79, 2011.

    Abstract: Estudos de monitoração dos radionuclídeos naturais no meio aquático são muito importantes para garantir seu controle em níveis aceitáveis, que não prejudiquem o meio ambiente e o ser humano. Neste trabalho foram analisadas as concentrações de isótopos naturais de 226Ra e 228Ra em águas subterrâneas localizadas em Cananéia, Iguape e Ilha Comprida, na região sul do Estado de São Paulo, através do método de contagem de alfa e beta total. Foram observadas concentrações de 226Ra variando de 0,80 a 23 mBqL-1 em Abril/2009 (período chuvoso) e 0,63 a 12 mBqL -1em Agosto/2009 (período seco). As concentrações de 228Ra variaram de 18 a 39 mBqL-1 em Abril/2009 e 15 a 72 mBqL-1 em Agosto/2009. As razões das atividades 228Ra/226Ra estiveram no intervalo de 3,3 a 31,7 no período chuvoso e 1,1 a 26,7 no período seco. A comparação dos valores de 226Ra e 228Ra obtidos evidenciaram uma predominância da atividade do isótopo de 228Ra. As doses calculadas não excederam o nível de referência de dose efetiva comprometida recomendada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (WHO).

    Palavras-Chave: brazil; distribution; radium 226; radium 228; underground; water; radioisotopes; radium; abundance; concentration ratio; ecological concentration

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  • IPEN-DOC 27915

    BOIANI, NATHALIA F. ; GARCIA, VANESSA S.G. ; BORRELY, SUELI I. . Electron beam irradiation of combined pharmaceuticals: propranonol and fluoxetine and related ecotoxicity. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-12, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1575

    Abstract: There are serious evidences that justify the search for treatment technologies or processes combination for the improvement of decomposition for dozens of pharmaceuticals in wastewaters. Electron beam irradiation may play an important role in this scenario and relatively low doses have been reported for such purposes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxic response of the crustacean Daphnia similis exposed to individual and combined pharmaceuticals, before and after electron beam irradiation treatment. Several experimental trials of an acute immobilization test were performed with a mixture of pharmaceuticals composed of fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac®), and propranolol. Single pharmaceuticals were first tested separately. Toxicity of binary mixture was then assessed using five concentrations and five percentages of each substance in the mixture (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). Acute EC50% values ranged from 5.0 to 7.4 for fluoxetine and from 11.3 to 13.7 for propranolol. In mixture, values ranged from 6.4 to 9.8. Fluoxetine was more toxic than propranolol for D.similis. The different pharmaceuticals concentrations employed in a mixture showed no difference in toxicity values. When electron beam irradiation was applied, approximately 80% of acute effects were reduced at 5 kGy, and the mixture containing a higher percentage of fluoxetine, also showed a greater reduction of toxicity.

    Palavras-Chave: ecological concentration; crustaceans; environmental effects; environmental protection; waste water; irradiation; toxicity

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  • IPEN-DOC 23561

    KINOSHITA, ANGELA; GHILARDI, ALINE M.; FERNANDES, MARCELO A.; FIGUEIREDO, ANA M.G. ; BAFFA, OSWALDO. Electron spin resonance dating of toxodon tooth from upper Ribeira Valley, São Paulo, Brazil. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, v. 172, p. 296-301, 2016. DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw195

    Abstract: Electron spin resonance (ESR) dating was applied to date a sample of fossil tooth found in Ribeira Valley, São Paulo, Brazil. This region is characterized by abundant fossil records of Pleistocene–Holocene South American megafauna belonging to different faunistic moments related to climate changes during the quaternary. As the number of fossils dated is not too large, the dating of materials from this region will provide important information to better understand the events associated with the presence and extinction of these species. The equivalent dose (De) was determined using single exponential fitting resulting in (24 ± 1)Gy. The De was converted to age using ROSY ESR Dating program and the concentration of radioisotopes present in the sample and soil determined through neutron activation analysis. The ages cover the range of 25–34 ka. This information is important to contextualize other findings in the region from different sites and to help obtain better information about the climate changes in this region.

    Palavras-Chave: age estimation; climatic change; concentration ratio; dose equivalents; ecological concentration; electron spin resonance; fossils; neutron activation analysis; radioisotopes; spin; teeth; valleys; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 25767

    PEREZ, C. ; SANTOS, E.C. ; SAIKI, M. . Establishing adequate conditions for mercury determination in environmental samples by INAA. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 7, n. 2A, p. 1-18, 2019. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v7i2A.575

    Abstract: Mercury (Hg) is a toxic element released into the environment mainly by anthropic activities. Consequently, the improvement for Hg determination in environmental samples is of great interest. Instrumental Neutron Activa-tion Analysis (INAA) is considered an adequate method to determine several elements. However, Hg determina-tion by INAA is often hampered by its volatility, which causes losses, depending on the local temperature in the reactor where the sample is irradiated. The aim of this study was to establish adequate irradiation conditions in the IEA-R1 reactor for Hg determination in environmental samples by INAA. The following parameters were evaluated: irradiation time, container for irradiation and spectral gamma ray interferences. For the study, ali-quots of certified reference materials (CRMs) and tree bark samples were irradiated together with Hg synthetic standard at the IEA-R1 nuclear research reactor. Gamma ray activities of 197Hg and 203Hg were measured in a spectrometer coupled to a HPGe detector. Obtained results indicated that polyethylene capsules or envelopes can be used as container for sample irradiation and the Hg impurities in these containers were negligible. Irradiation time of one hour was adequate for Hg determination and in long irradiations of 8 h problems of spectral inter-ference of 198Au and 75Se were observed. In addition, Hg loss during the irradiation of 1 h and after irradiation was not observed. Quality control of Hg results, obtained in the CRMs analyses using one hour of irradiation, indicated good precision and accuracy with HORRAT < 2 and |Z score| < 2. The experimental conditions estab-lished in this study were applied to tree bark samples. Detection limits in these analyses were between 0.14 and 1.9 μg g-1.

    Palavras-Chave: neutron activation analysis; mercury 197; mercury 203; high-purity ge detectors; irradiation; ecological concentration; iear-1 reactor

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  • IPEN-DOC 27879

    ISHIMARU, G. ; SANTOS, E.C. ; SAIKI, M. . Evaluation of the spatial variability of the elements in tree barks used as biomonitors of atmospheric pollution. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-13, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1386

    Abstract: Tree barks have proven to be a valuable source of information on air quality. Nowadays, studies with this biomonitor are constantly being developed. However, data of several factors that affect the accumulation of the pollutants in the barks, such as bark porosity, duration of the deposition on the bark and dispersion or variability of pollutants in a defined area, are scarce in the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of chemical elements concentrations accumulated on Sibipiruna (Cenostigna pluviosarum) barks in order to examine their aerial dispersion in two small urban areas of the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo. The neutron activation analysis (NAA) applied in the analyses consisted of irradiation the aliquots of the sample together the synthetic element standards at the IEA-R1 nuclear reactor. Concentrations of the As, Br, Ca, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, K, La, Mn, Rb, Sb, Sc, V and Zn were determined in tree barks using short and long irradiations. Results obtained in the analyses of the tree bark samples indicated that the variability of element concentrations depends on the element, study area and numbers of trees. The variability of element concentrations in general was higher for elements presenting low concentrations. Quality control of the analytical results was evaluated by the analysis of INCT-MPH-2 Mixed Polish Herbs Certified Reference Material and these results presented good accuracy with values of standardized difference or |ζ score| ≤ 2, indicating that the procedure of NAA applied is suitable for the analyses.

    Palavras-Chave: air pollution monitoring; bark; biological markers; concentration ratio; ecological concentration; elements; neutron activation analysis; trees

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  • IPEN-DOC 27127

    BORDON, ISABELLA C.; JOVIANO, WILLIAN R.; MEDEIROS, ALINE M.Z. de; CAMPOS, BRUNO G. de; ARAUJO, GIULIANA S. de; GUSSO-CHOUERI, PALOMA K.; PRETO, MAYRA de F.; FAVARO, DEBORAH I.T. ; ABESSA, DENIS M. de S.. Heavy metals in tissues of blue crabs Callinectes danae from a subtropical protected estuary influenced by mining residues. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 104, n. 4, p. 418-422, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02815-y

    Abstract: This short note aims to report in detail a preliminary assessment of the concentrations of Cd, Hg and Pb in tissues of blue crabs Callinectes danae collected from the Cananéia-Iguape-Peruíbe estuarine complex (CIP), in the South of São Paulo State coast, Brazil. In October 2014, blue crabs were collected from CIP. Tissues were removed by dissection and metal determination was performed by GF-AAS and CV-AAS. According to statistical analysis, Pb and Cd concentrations in gills were significantly higher than those found in muscles and hepatopancreas, respectively. There were no significant differences in Hg concentrations between samples. Cd, Hg and Pb concentrations in gills and hepatopancreas were lower than those reported in a previous study performed at CIP. However, Cd concentration in hepatopancreas was higher than the Brazilian limit for consumption and new efforts to monitor Cd concentrations in C. danae tissues must be performed.

    Palavras-Chave: crabs; environmental impacts; heavy metals; cadmium; mercury; lead; estuaries; aquatic ecosystems; mineral industry; mining; mines; water pollution; toxicity; ecological concentration; environment

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  • IPEN-DOC 25064

    BORDON, ISABELLA C.; EMERENCIANO, ANDREWS K.; MELO, JULIA R.C.; SILVA, JOSE R.M.C. da; FAVARO, DEBORAH I.T. ; GUSSO-CHOUERI, PALOMA K.; CAMPOS, BRUNO G. de; ABESSA, DENIS M. de S.. Implications on the Pb bioaccumulation and metallothionein levels due to dietary and waterborne exposures: the Callinectes danae case. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 162, p. 415-422, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.014

    Observação: Corrigendum anexado. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 165, p. 675–676. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.085

    Abstract: This study aimed to assess the bioaccumulation of Pb and induction of metallothionein-like proteins (MT) in Callinectes danae through single and combined dietary and waterborne exposures. Male C. danae individuals were collected in the south area of the Cananéia-Iguape-Peruíbe Protected Area (APA-CIP), in São Paulo State, Brazil. After an acclimatization period, exposure assays were performed during 7 and 14 days, at two Pb concentrations (0.5 e 2.0 µg/g) in 4 treatments: 1) control; 2) contaminated water only; 3) contaminated food only; 4) contaminated water and food. The results indicate that C. danae is highly tolerant to Pb exposure at the evaluated concentrations. In gills, Pb bioaccumulation is more dependent of water efflux and time of exposure (higher Pb values). However, pathways act simultaneously in the induction of MT expression in this tissue. The decreases in Pb accumulation in the combined treatments and MT increases after 14 days in gills suggests that these proteins play a detoxification function in the presence of Pb. In hepatopancreas, depending on the predominance of a certain pathway or combined pathways, accumulation occured at different times. For muscle tissue, bioaccumulation was observed due to contaminated water exposure, but not dietary exposure, probably because Pb concentrations were low.

    Palavras-Chave: biological accumulation; lead; metals; biological markers; crabs; crustaceans; proteins; metallothionein; ecological concentration; seawater; food

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  • IPEN-DOC 28405

    MARTINS, ANA P.G.; RIBEIRO, ANDREZA P.; FERREIRA, MAURICIO L.; MARTINS, MARCO A.G.; NEGRI, ELNARA M.; SCAPIN, MARCOS A. ; OLIVEIRA, ANDERSON de; SAIKI, MITIKO ; SALDIVA, PAULO H.N.; LAFORTEZZA, RAFFALE. Infraestrutura verde para monitorar e minimizar os impactos da poluição atmosférica. Estudos Avançados, v. 35, n. 102, p. 31-57, 2021. DOI: 10.1590/s0103-4014.2021.35102.003

    Abstract: O Material Particulado (MP) está entre os principais contaminantes do ar. A Infraestrutura Verde (IV) vem sendo reconhecida como alternativa para melhorar a qualidade do ar. As árvores podem afetar diretamente os níveis de MP, interceptando partículas em sua superfície. Devido a essa capacidade, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo contribuir com informações sobre a viabilidade da vegetação verde para interceptar e identificar as principais fontes de poluentes atmosféricos. Amostras de cascas de árvores de parques urbanos de São Paulo (SP) foram utilizadas como monitor biológico de poluentes atmosféricos. Foi observado um decaimento exponencial das concentrações e aprisionamento de poluentes em direção à região mais interna dos parques. Além disso, foi possível distinguir a emissão de veículos leves das emissões de veículos pesados. O baixo custo do monitoramento e sua eficácia mostram que a IV ocupa papel de destaque na melhoria da saúde e a qualidade de vida das pessoas, bem como nas ações que buscam atenuar os efeitos da poluição do ar em cidades de médio e grande porte.

    Palavras-Chave: air pollution monitoring; bark; ecological concentration; elements; emission; particulates; plants; pollutants; urban areas; vehicles; x-ray fluorescence analysis

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  • IPEN-DOC 27905

    WAKASUGI, D.S.M. ; DAMATTO, S.R. ; MENEGHINI, A.A. ; SANTOS, L.A.B. ; SALVADOR, V.L.R. . Inorganic chemical composition by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry of the mineral waters from the Minas Gerais Water Circuit, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-19, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1528

    Abstract: The water parks located in the cities of Cambuquira, Caxambu, Conceição do Rio Verde, Lambari and Marimbeiro are part of the Water Circuit of Minas Gerais and have their mineral waters regularly consumed by the local population and tourists motivated by the medicinal use of these waters, characterized as mineral waters. Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine the inorganic chemical composition of the mineral water from these parks, analysing the elements Ag, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K. Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Ti, V and Zn using the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence – EDXRF. Despite the proximity to one another, each park has different chemical elements and concentrations. The elements presenting the highest concentrations were the major elements Ca, Fe, K and Mn. However, among the five water parks studied, the Water Park of Caxambu presented the highest concentrations for all the determined elements.

    Palavras-Chave: x-ray fluorescence analysis; inorganic compounds; ecological concentration; elements; recreational areas; water springs; drinking water; composition

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  • IPEN-DOC 25066

    BORGES, CARLA R.; SAMAD, RICARDO E. ; GONCALVES, KARINA de O.; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. ; COURROL, LILIA C.. Interaction between protoporphyrin IX and tryptophan silver nanoparticles. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, v. 20, n. 6, 2018. DOI: 10.1007/s11051-018-4269-4

    Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been intensively studied for several purposes including therapeutic applications in cancer. When prepared with tryptophan and photoreduction, silver nanoparticles (TrpAgNPs) become an alternative to conventional anticancer drugs. In this study, the anticancer activity of synthesized TrpAgNPs against MCF-7 breast cancer cells was evaluated, and the inhibitory concentration (IC50) was found to be ~3.4 mg/mL. Since the protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) concentrations in tumor cells are elevate compared to normal cells, the PPIX-TrpAgNP interaction was studied to investigate if it could contribute for cell apoptosis. The investigation was performed using PPIX solution (0.9 μg/mL) with different TrpAgNP concentrations (from 0 to 13 mg/mL). PPIX was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The results have shown that the presence of spherical TrpAgNps with 16-nm diameter quench the PPIX fluorescence intensity. This quenching is strongly dependent on the concentration of the TrpAgNPs, and it is caused by a combination of a static and a dynamic process. The chemical binding leads to oxidation of tryptophan and formation of kynurenine, observed in the emission spectra around 470 nm. The strong reduction of the PPIX fluorescence decay lifetime with nanoparticle increasing concentration confirms the quenching processes due to charge transfer from the excited PPIX states to the resonant silver states. The present study confirms the anticancer activity of TrpAgNPs on the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) in vitro and indicates that PPIX-AgNP interaction could contribute with MCF-7 apoptosis.

    Palavras-Chave: concentration ratio; ecological concentration; emission spectra; fluorescence spectroscopy; interactions; mammary glands; nanoparticles; neoplasms; porphyrins; quenching; silver; time resolution; tryptophan

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  • IPEN-DOC 26467

    DUARTE, LUIS F. de A.; MORENO, JULIAN B.; CATHARINO, MARILIA G.M. ; MOREIRA, EDSON G. ; TROMBINI, CHIARA; PEREIRA, CAMILO D.S.. Mangrove metal pollution induces biological tolerance to Cd on a crab sentinel species subpopulation. Science of the Total Environment, v. 687, p. 768-779, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.039

    Abstract: Metals are persistent pollutants, able to accumulate in the biota andmagnify in trophicweb. In the specific case of cadmium contamination, it has been the subject of considerable interest in recent years because of its biological effects and it is one ofmajor pollutant in estuarine areas. Ucides cordatus is considered amangrove local sentinel crab species in Brazil and there are previous studies reporting crab subpopulations living frompristine to heavily metal impacted areas in São Paulo coast (Southeastern Brazil). Taking into account the background knowledge about these subpopulations, we proposed the hypothesis that crabs from a highly polluted mangrove (Cubatão - CUB) have developed biological tolerance to cadmium compared to animals from an Environmental Protected Area (Jureia - JUR). Aiming to verify this hypothesis, we have investigated total bioaccumulation and subcellular partition of Cd, besides biomarkers' responses during a long-termexposure bioassay (28 days, withweekly sampling) using a supposedly safe Cd concentration (0.0022 mg L−1). Specimens from the pristine area (JUR) accumulated higher total Cd, as such as in its biologically active form in gills. Animals living in the polluted site (CUB) presented higher amounts of Cd in themainly detoxifying tissue (hepatopancreas), which could be considered a pathway leading to tolerance for this metal. Multivariate analysis indicated that bioaccumulation (active, detoxified and total Cd) is linked to geno-cytotoxic damages. CUB subpopulationwas considered more tolerant since it presented proportionally less damage and more capacity to allocate Cd in themain detoxifying forms and tissues.

    Palavras-Chave: metals; pollutants; pollution sources; toxicity; mangroves; subcellular distribution; biological markers; crabs; environmental impacts; cadmium; ecological concentration; concentration ratio; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 27121

    ARAUJO, G.S.; GUSSO-CHOUERI, P.K.; FAVARO, D.I.T. ; ROCHA, R.C.C.; SAINT'PIERRE, T.D.; HAUSER-DAVIS, R.A.; BRAZ, B.; SANTELLI, R.E.; FREIRE, A.S.; MACHADO, W.T.V.; CRUZ, A.C.F.; ABESSA, D.M.S.. Metal‑associated biomarker responses in crabs from a marine protected area in Southeastern Brazil. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 78, n. 3, p. 463-477, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00710-5

    Abstract: The environmental quality of a Ramsar wetland site located at the Cananéia-Iguape-Peruíbe Protected Area (CIP-PA), in São Paulo, Brazil, was assessed by geochemical analyses and biomarker assessments (GPx, GST, GSH, GST, MT, LPO, DNA damage) performed in swimming crab Callinectes danae Smith, 1869 organs (posterior and anterior gills and hepatopancreas) to estimate sediment contaminant bioavailability. The results indicated that two sampling stations, PT and PM, exhibited the worst environmental conditions, as sediments collected at both points contained metal contamination, while crabs exhibited significant responses for GPx, GST, and LPO (mostly during winter). Sediment contamination tended to be associated to fine sediments (both seasons) and organic matter (winter). During the summer survey, Pb concentrations in sediments of station PT exceeded the Brazilian Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) and the Canadian Interim Marine Sediment Quality Guidelines. Metal concentrations in sediments sampled in winter were higher compared with summer, with Co, Ni, and Pb exceeding SQGs levels at PT, whereas Co, Ni, Hg, Zn, and Pb exceeded SQGs at PM. Biomarker induction during summer appeared to be caused by natural variables (water salinity and temperature, and molting cycle), whereas oxidative stress and tissue damage during winter appeared to be more clearly linked to metal contamination. Anterior gills presented the clearest signs of seasonal variability, being more responsive to sediment contamination. The results suggest that metals originated from the upper Ribeira de Iguape River are transported toward the estuarine system, causing effects on C. danae individuals. Additionally, seasonality is a strong factor concerning CIP-PA toxicity, since the rainfall regime significantly modifies the freshwater flow and, consequently, estuarine water salinity, suspended particle and metal inputs, as well as the location of depositional areas. Thus, efforts to mitigate CIP-PA contamination should be based on the control of upstream pollution sources.

    Palavras-Chave: crabs; sediments; sampling; biological markers; environmental materials; aquatic ecosystems; environment; water pollution monitors; metals; ecological concentration; chemical analysis; nature reserves

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  • IPEN-DOC 17838

    MAZZILLI, BARBARA P. ; SAUEIA, CATIA H.R. ; JACOMINO, VANUSA M.F.; MELLO, JAIME W.V.. Natural radionuclides and metals intake into soya, corn and lettuce grown on soil amended with phosphogypsum. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 92, n. 14, p. 1574-1586, 2012.

    Palavras-Chave: natural radioactivity; metals; phosphate rocks; gypsum; ecological concentration; trace amounts; elements

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  • IPEN-DOC 22831

    DIAS, THAIS H.; OLIVEIRA, JOSELENE de ; SANDERS, CHRISTIAN J.; CARVALHO, FRANCIANE; SANDERS, LUCIANA M.; MACHADO, EUNICE C.; SA, FABIAN. Radium isotope (223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra and 228Ra) distribution near Brazil's largest port, Paranaguá Bay, Brazil. Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 111, p. 443-448, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.07.004

    Abstract: This work investigates the 223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra and 228Ra isotope distribution in river, estuarine waters and sediments of the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (PEC). The stratification of the Ra isotopes along water columns indicate differing natural sources. In sediments, the radium isotope activities was inversely proportional to the particle size. The highest concentrations of 223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra and 228Ra in the water column were found in the bottom more saline waters and towards the inner of the estuary. These relatively high concentrations towards the bottomof the estuarymay be attributed to the influence of tidally driven groundwater source and desorption from particles at the maximum turbidity zone. The apparent river water ages from the radium isotope ratios, 223Ra/224Ra and 223Ra/228Ra, indicate that the principal rivers that flow into the estuary have residence times from between 6 and 11 days.

    Palavras-Chave: radium isotopes; radium; distribution; brazil; estuaries; harbors; bays; rivers; sediments; mangroves; ecological concentration; water

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  • IPEN-DOC 25821

    ALBUQUERQUE, C.R. ; MAIHARA, V.A. ; ALVES, C.B.L. ; SILVA, P.S.C. . Seaweed as a source of essential elements. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 7, n. 2A, p. 1-9, 2019. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v7i2A.687

    Abstract: Overtime seaweed species have been used as a food, mainly due to their high nutritional value. This type of food is considered as a functional food and it contributes to the nutritional human requirements, being beneficial to human health. In this study 13 edible seaweed samples acquired in São Paulo city markets were analyzed and the concentrations of Cl, K, Mg, Mn and Na were determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). The following edible seaweed species were analyzed: Nori (Porphyra umbilicates); Hijiki (Hijikia fusiforme); Kombu (Laminaria sp.) and Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) from China, USA, Japan and South Korea. Undaria pinnatifida species presented the highest Na concentration and the lowest K level. The highest concentration variation was obtained for Mn in the Porphyra umbilicates species.

    Palavras-Chave: seaweeds; elements; concentration; concentration ratio; neutron activation analysis; ecological concentration; quality control; aquatic organisms

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  • IPEN-DOC 28846

    SUSSA, FABIO V. ; FURLAN, MARCOS R.; VICTORINO, MARCOS; SILVA, PAULO S.C. da . Soil-to-plant transfer factor for stable elements in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) and estimates of the daily intakes. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, v. 331, n. 7, p. 3107-3115, 2022. DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08353-7

    Abstract: This study evaluated the transfer factor (TF) of stable elements from soil to Melissa officinalis and the estimated daily intakes for potentially toxic elements. INAA, GFAAS, and ICP-OES techniques were applied to determine the elemental concentration. Br, Ca, Cd, K, Ni, and Rb accumulated the most with the TF (> 1.0), followed by Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Na, Pb, Sb, and Zn (0.1–1.0), while As, Fe, Hf, La, Sc, Sm, Th, Ti, and V had the lowest accumulation (< 0.1). The daily intake (μg day− 1) of As (1.35–10.35), Br (22.5–297), Cd (0.09–0.54), Cr (220–1,270), Cu (31.5–76.5), Ni (0.09–0.54), Pb (4.5–31.5), and Zn (139.5–400.5) even overestimated was still lower than values established by WHO/FAO.

    Palavras-Chave: plants; herbs; agriculture; medicinal plants; ecological concentration; soils; concentration ratio

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  • IPEN-DOC 26510

    THEOPHILO, C.Y.S. ; FIGUEIRA, R.C.L.; COLABUONO, F.I.; MONTONE, R.C.; MOREIRA, E.G. . Study on elements concentrations on seabird feathers by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 7, n. 2A, p. 1-14, 2019. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v7i2A.599

    Abstract: Seabirds are very sensitive to environmental changes and due to their large longevity, they are also sensitive to cumulative impacts. These birds usually occupy the higher trophic levels. White-chinned petrel (Procellaria aequinoctialis) and black-browed albatross (Thalassarche melanophris) are Procellariiformes, which is a seabird order, composed of 4 families. In the last years, researches are being done and actions are being taken to reduce the mortality of albatrosses and petrels caused by human activities. Due to the great ecological importance of these birds and the developed work with Procellariiformes, this study purpose was to quantify the Br, Cl, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na and V elements in white-chinned petrel and black-browed albatross feathers. Bird specimens were collected by the Albatross Project with permission of collection given by ICMBio (SISBIO 19560-1). The specimens were killed accidentally by pelagic longline fisheries operating off southern Brazil. Feathers were cleaned with acetone and then milled in a cryogenic mill. Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) was used for quantification of the element concentrations and measurements of induced activities were performed in a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector for gamma ray spectrometry. The obtained results on feathers showed that concentrations in these birds are not higher than others studies with the same species and, with exception of Br, there are no significant differences between elements mean concentrations in the two seabirds.

    Palavras-Chave: birds; concentration ratio; ecological concentration; elements; feathers; high-purity ge detectors; neutron activation analysis; gamma spectroscopy

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