Navegação Periódicos - Artigos por assunto "ecology"

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  • IPEN-DOC 25204

    DUTRA, VERUSKA C.; AQUINO, AFONSO R. . Aplicação e análise da pressão turística como indicador ambiental no Parque Estadual do Jalapão (TO) / Application and analysis of tourist pressure as an environmental indicator in Jalapão State Park (TO, Brazil). Revista Brasileira de Ecoturismo, v. 11, n. 3, p. 311-334, 2018.

    Abstract: O presente artigo visa analisar a aplicabilidade ou não do monitoramento do turismo com o foco na sustentabilidade por meio de indicadores chave do Turismo sustentável propostos pela Organização Mundial do Turismo. A aplicação foi feita em um estudo de caso na unidade de conservação Parque Estadual do Jalapão - PEJ, localizado no Estado do Tocantins, Brasil. Esta é uma pesquisa de caráter interdisciplinar, que teve como norteador o método dedutivo cujo resultado, o indicador Pressão do PEJ, será apresentado. Conclui-se que os pontos chave do turismo sustentável analisados com foco em indicadores ambientais são uma importante ferramenta de avaliação e quantificação desta atividade no destino em estudo e se mostrou adequada para o monitoramento da região. Foi igualmente possível traduzir os principais impactos ambientais que ocorrem nos atrativos e sua intensidade, o que viabilizou uma análise que objetiva traçar caminhos para a correção e prevenção dos impactos apresentados.

    Palavras-Chave: environment; environmental protection; tourism; environmental impacts; sustainable development; water pollution monitors; ecology; ecological balance; brazil

  • IPEN-DOC 20082

    SILVA, ANGELICA M. da ; ABESSA, DENIS M. de S.; PAMPLIN, PAULO A.Z.; BOHRER-MOREL, MARIA B.. Avaliação da qualidade das águas e dos sedimentos do rio São Lourenço-SP / Water and sediment quality assessment at São Lourenço River-SP. O Mundo da Saúde, São Paulo, v. 38, n. 1, p. 75-85, 2014.

    Palavras-Chave: brazil; rivers; water supply; water quality; sewage; sediments; ecology; toxic materials; toxicity; water treatment plants; chemical analysis

  • IPEN-DOC 28602

    PINTO, ANDREIA A.G.; NAGAI, MIRIAN Y. de O.; COIMBRA, EDNAR N.; MOHAMMAD, SUHAM N. ; SILVA, JEFFERSON S.; VON ANCKEN, ADALBERTO; PINTO, SANDRA A.G.; AGUIAR, MICHELLE S.; DUTRA-CORREA, MARISTELA; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A. ; MIRANDA, ADRIANA ; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S. ; SUFFREDINI, IVANA B.; PERES, GIOVANI B.; BERNARDI, MARIA M.; CARTWRIGHT, STEVEN J.; BONAMIN, LEONI V.. Bioresilience to mercury chloride of the brine shrimp Artemia salina after treatment with homeopathic Mercurius corrosivus. Homeopathy, v. 110, n. 4, p. 244-255, 2021. DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729562

    Abstract: Introduction: Finding solutions to mitigate the impact of pollution on living systems is a matter of great interest. Homeopathic preparations of toxic substances have been described in the literature as attenuation factors for intoxication. Herein, an experimental study using Artemia salina and mercury chloride was developed as a model to identify aspects related to bioresilience. Aims: The aim of the study was to describe the effects of homeopathic Mercurius corrosivus (MC) on Artemia salina cysts hatching and on mercury bioavailability. Methods: Artemia salina cysts were exposed to 5.0 µg/mL of mercury chloride during the hatching phase. MC potencies (6cH, 30cH, and 200cH) were prepared in sterile purified water and poured into artificial sea water. Different controls were used (non-challenged cysts and challenged cysts treated with water, succussed water, and Ethilicum 1cH). Four series of nine experiments were performed to evaluate the percentage of cyst hatching. Soluble total mercury (THg) levels and precipitated mercury content were also evaluated. Solvatochromic dyes were used to check for eventual physicochemical markers of MC biological activity. Results: Significant delay (p < 0.0001) in cyst hatching was observed only after treatment with MC 30cH, compared with controls. This result was associated with an increase of THg concentration in water (p = 0.0018) and of chlorine/oxygen ratio (p < 0.0001) in suspended micraggregates, suggesting changes in mercury bioavailability. A specific interaction of MC 30cH with the solvatochromic dye ET33 (p = 0.0017) was found. Conclusion: Changes in hatching rate and possible changes in Hg bioavailability are postulated as protective effects of MC 30cH on Artemia salina, by improving its natural bioresilience processes.

    Palavras-Chave: ecology; ecosystems; toxicity; pharmacology; drugs; mercury; artemia

  • IPEN-DOC 25120

    MUTARELLI, RITA de C. ; LIMA, ANA C. de S. ; SABUNDJIAN, GAIANE . Comparative study of methodologies for measuring corporate social responsibility. International Journal of Development Research, v. 8, n. 6, p. 20894-20903, 2018.

    Abstract: The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a current issue increasingly present in the strategic planning of the companies. Although managers of public or private organizations have turned their attention to social and environmental issues in their strategic actions, measuring the social responsibility of a company is not an easy task. This paper aims to observe the eight most relevant methodologies of CSR measurement and establish a comparative analysis among them by considering the scope and feasibility of each methodology. The most relevant CSR methodologies were selected. The main characteristics of each of the eight tools were observed and compared. The results demonstrated that although most methodologies have strong measuring characteristics the Ethos Indicators consist of the most effective tool for measuring CSR mainly regarding the institutional issues

    Palavras-Chave: management; socio-economic factors; institutional factors; sustainability; resource management; social impact; environmental policy; environmental protection; cooperation; ecosystems; ecology; economic impact

  • IPEN-DOC 27201

    FREITAS, LUCAS F. de ; CRUZ, CASSIA P.C. da ; CAVALCANTE, ADRIANA K. ; BATISTA, JORGE G. dos S. ; VARCA, GUSTAVO H.C. ; MATHOR, MONICA B. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Comparison between gold nanoparticles synthesized by radiolysis and by EGCG-driven gold reduction. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v. 174, p. 1-9, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108959

    Abstract: Radiolytic synthesis and phytochemical-driven gold reduction for the generation of nanoparticles are successful examples of Green Chemistry applied for nanomaterials. The present work compares these two green approaches focusing on hydrodynamic size, stability over time, optical properties and toxicity in NIH 3T3 (ATCC® CRL- 1658™) cells and Danio rerio (Zebra Fish). The radiolytic synthesis was performed by mixing 1 mM NaAuCl4; polyvinyl pyrrolidone 0.5%, AgNO3 6×10−5 M, propan-2-ol 0.2 M and acetone 0.06 M, followed by irradiation at 15 kGy (5 kGy h−1, 60Co source). The EGCG-functionalized nanoparticles were synthesized by mixing 1.6 mM of Au with 0.8 mM of EGCG in phosphate buffer (10 mM) for 2 h. Both methods yield the formation of gold nanoparticles featuring plasmon resonance bands at 520–530 nm, polydispersity above 0.3 was relevant only for the radiolytic protocol. Regarding stability over time, after 30 days, the nanoparticles synthesized radiolytically presented no relevant size changes, while some aggregation was observed for the EGCG-particles. The same nanoparticles demonstrated a lack of stability in high ionic strength medium. Slight toxicity was observed for the EGCG-nanoparticles in Danio rerio, with an IC50 calculated as 40.49%, while no IC50 was established within the concentration range of radiolysis-AuNPs used in this study. In conclusion, both green methods generated nanoparticles with good control of size and optical properties, especially via reduction by EGCG. However, the stability and toxicity results were found to be more promising for the radiolytically synthesized gold nanoparticles.

    Palavras-Chave: gold; nanoparticles; synthesis; chemistry; ecology; polyphenols; fishes

  • IPEN-DOC 27913

    RODRIGUES, E.A. ; AQUINO, A.R. ; CARVALHO, A.R.. Convergence between the study of ecosystem services and nuclear technology: a necessary approach. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 9, n. 1A, p. 1-18, 2021. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v9i1A.1567

    Abstract: If in the 19th century scientific knowledge moved from a generalist perspective to a growing specialization, in recent decades, problems that transcend disciplinary and political boundaries have required solutions based on interdisciplinary research and global actions, which led to the establishment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Viewing from the latter perspective, the study of ecosystem services has converged on a fast-growing, transdisciplinary area of knowledge, at the same time that the advances in the nuclear field have enabled applications in industry, health, agriculture and the environment. Considering the development of these two areas of knowledge, the objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between Ecosystem Services (ES) and Nuclear Science and Technology (NST), by means of category building and content analysis applied to articles compiled from Web of Science. From 1980 to June 2020, 27,301 records (articles and reviews) were listed for the term “Ecosystem Service*”. When refining the result with the application of descriptors related to the nuclear field, correspondences were found for “Uranium”=14; “Nuclear Power”=6; “Nuclear Energy”=3; “Nuclear Technology*”=1; “Nuclear Fuel*”=1; “Nuclear Material*”=1; “Radiation”=7; “Isotope*”=188, totalizing 221 correspondences. On the other hand, 9,949 records were obtained for the same time interval, when using the descriptors for the nuclear field, plus the terms “Nature” or “Ecosystem*” or “Environment”. Despite attesting that NST truly converges on ES, this correlation needs to be made more explicit in ES studies, in order to expand the perspectives for the conservation, preservation and recovery of the ecosystem services and their contribution to human well-being.

    Palavras-Chave: sustainable development; ecology; ecosystems; environment; nuclear energy; technology utilization

  • IPEN-DOC 23207

    SILVA, ANGELICA M. ; ABESSA, DENIS; PAMPLIN, PAULO A.Z.; BOHRER-MOREL, MARIA B. . Ecological risk assessment of a subtropical river influenced by discharges of residues from water and sewage treatment plants. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, v. 28, n. 2, p. 156-174, 2017. DOI: 10.1108/MEQ-09-2015-0169

    Abstract: Purpose – The São Lourenço River (SLR) is used to supply potable waters for the cities of São Lourenço da Serra and Juquitiba, but receives the residues from the water treatment plants (WTPs) and sewage treatment plants (STPs), respectively. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impacts of the discharges of Juquitiba’s WTP and STP on the quality of the SLR, by using an integrated approach based on different lines of evidence. Design/methodology/approach – Six sampling sites were established along the river and comprised areas situated upstream and downstream of the discharges. Five sampling surveys were performed between 2004 and 2006 for collecting water and sediment samples for ecotoxicological assays. In two of these campaigns, benthic community structure and geochemistry (metals, nutrients and sediment texture) were also assessed. Findings – Concentrations of P, Fe and Al in waters exceeded the national standards, but sediments were not considered to be contaminated by metals or nutrients. Water and sediments tended to exhibit marginal toxicities, excluding the sediments from JQT007 and JQT008 that were frequently toxic. Combination of geochemistry, toxicity and ecological indices indicated that some sites are not degraded, but in some stations the benthic alteration may be due to non-measured contaminants, especially in JQT007 and JQT008. Practical implications – As the use of waters from SLR for public supply has increased, these results show that action should be taken in order to reverse the environmental degradation of SRL. Originality/value – This research combined sediment and water quality assessments in order to provide a more suitable and reliable diagnostic of the environmental quality of the SLR.

    Palavras-Chave: ecology; risk assessment; water; drinking water; sewage; waste processing; sediments; contamination; environmental quality; monitoring

  • IPEN-DOC 25728

    DAMASCENO, K.C. ; CAVALCANTE, A.K. ; MAZIERO, J.S. ; MARTINI, G.A. ; ORMENIO, M.B. ; MAMEDE, F.C. ; MIRANDA, C.S. ; CAMPELLO, F.A. ; IZIDORO, J.C. ; ROGERO, S.O. ; FUNGARO, D.A. ; LOPES-FERREIRA, M.; ROGERO, J.R. . In vitro and in vivo toxicity of coal fly Ash Lechatee. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, v. 13, n. 1, p. 73-78, 2018. DOI: 10.5132/eec.2018.01.08

    Abstract: Coal Fly ash is a major solid waste from coal-fired power stations. In Brazil, more than 4 million tons per year of fly ash are generated and only 30% is applied as raw material for cement and concrete production. The remaining is disposed in on-site ponds, nearby abandoned or active mine sites and landfills. The inadequate disposal of fly ash may pose a significant risk to the environment due to the possible leaching of hazardous pollutants into the surrounding soil and groundwater. A combination of leaching tests, cytotoxicity and ecotoxicological assays were used in this studyin order toevaluate the possible adverse effects of coal fl y ash in non-target organisms. The sample was collected from coal-fi red power plant located in Southern Brazil and the coal fly ash was submitted to a leaching procedure using USEPA SW 864 Method 1311. The leachate was prepared in six dilutions: 1.56%, 3.12%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25% and 50%. Acute toxicity tests were performed on NCTC clone 929 (CCIAL-020) culture cells by neutral red uptake cytotoxicity method; acute ecotoxicity usingDaphnia similisand Danio rerio embryos according to ABNT NBR 12713 and OECD 236, respectively were employed. The cytotoxicity index (CI50) obtained was 33%; the EC50of D. similis after 48 h of exposure to the leachate was 7.25% and the LC50of D. rerio after 96 h of exposure was 4.39%. The results of these bioassays indicated toxicity of the coal fly ash leachate toward exposed organisms.

    Palavras-Chave: coal; fly ash; ecology; toxicity; combustion products; waste disposal; water pollution; fishes; elutriation; environmental impacts; aquatic organisms; acute exposure; leachates; ore composition

  • IPEN-DOC 25068

    BORRELY, S.I. ; GARCIA, V.S.G. ; BORRELY, T.; FAVARO, D.I.T. . Metals, trace elements and ecotoxicity in sediments of the Cubatão River, Brazil. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, v. 13, n. 2, p. 49-61, 2018. DOI: 10.5132/eec.2018.02.07

    Abstract: The Cubatão River is one of the most important waterways of the coast of São Paulo. The continuous discharge of domestic and industrial effluents into the river and its tributaries resulted in loss of water quality across the system. Industrial and domestic landfills are also located around the studied area. The purpose of this study was to assess two aspects of sediments from the river and two of its tributaries (Perequê and Pilões Rivers): presence of trace elements and toxic metals, and ecotoxicity. Four sampling surveys were conducted from 2010 to 2011 on six different sites (here named P0, P2, P4, P5, P7 and P8). Ecotoxicity was assessed by exposing Hyalella azteca to the collected sediments. Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GF AAS and CV AAS) techniques were applied for measuring concentration of metals and trace elements. The latter enabled quantification of Cd, Pb and Hg, while the former enabled quantification of a wide range of metals and trace elements. As, Cr and Zn concentrations obtained by INAA as well as AAS results were compared to threshold effect levels (TEL) and probable effect levels (PEL), the sediment quality guidelines proposed by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) for evaluating the potential effects on aquatic organisms. Cd and Hg values did not exceed TEL at the most of samples. Pb exceeded TEL at only one site campaign. As, Cr and Zn values exceeded TEL in most of sampling sites, with P2 and P4 showing the highest concentrations. Enrichment Factor (EF) and Geoaccumulation Index (IGeo) were calculated for the elements determined by INAA using North American Shale Composite (NASC) and regional background values. In short, As, Br, Cr, Hf, Pb, Sb and Zn were the elements found in concerning amounts, especially As, Br, Cr and Zn. Toxicity results revealed toxic effects on sediments from P2 and P5 (mortality > 50%). Body size analysis demonstrated negative effects at P4 (length smaller than 2,500.00 μm). Data crossing analyses indicate As and Br as main possible contributors to high toxicity levels.

    Palavras-Chave: trace amounts; elements; sediments; heavy metals; neutron activation analysis; absorption spectroscopy; ecology; toxic materials; water; water quality; water pollution; environmental impacts; biological indicators; aquatic organisms

  • IPEN-DOC 21283

    SENNA, MARY L.G.S.; DUTRA, VERUSKA C.; AQUINO, AFONSO R. . Methodologies for management of sustainable tourism: A case study in Jalapão/Tocantins/Brazil. International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation, v. 9, n. 8, p. 2646-2650, 2015.

    Palavras-Chave: brazil; sustainability; sustainable development; tourism; management; barometers; environmental impacts; ecology; environmental protection; resource conservation

  • IPEN-DOC 20448

    FUNGARO, DENISE A. . Synthesis of value-added materials from coal combustion products and biomass ash: environmental appliction. American Association for Science and Technology, v. 1, n. 2, p. 22-26, 2014.

    Palavras-Chave: solid wastes; adsorbents; coal; ashes; fly ash; straw; sugar cane; ecology; bricks

  • IPEN-DOC 23548

    SENNA, MARY L.G.S. ; AQUINO, AFONSO R. . The ecological footprint of tourism in Jalapão/TO/Brazil. International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering, v. 10, n. 11, p. 3611-3616, 2016.

    Abstract: The development of tourism causes negative impacts on the environment. It is in this context, through the Ecological Footprint (EF) method that this study aimed to characterize the impacts of ecotourism on the community of Mateiros, Jalapão, Brazil. The EF, which consisted in its original a method to construct a land use matrix, considering some major categories of human consumption such as food, housing, transportation, consumer goods and services, and six other categories from the main land use which are divided into the topics: land use, degraded environment, gardens, fertile land, pasture and forests protected by the government. The main objective of this index is to calculate the land area required for the production and maintenance of goods and services consumed by a community. The field research was conducted throughout the year of 2014 until July 2015. After the calculations of each category, these components were added according to the presented method in order to determine the annual EF of the tourism sector in Mateiros. The results show that the EF resulting from tourism in Mateiros is 2,194.22 hectares of land required for tourism activities in the region. The EF of tourism was considered high, nevertheless, if it is added the total of hectares needed annually for tourism activities, the result found would be 2,194.22 hectares needed to absorb the CO2 emissions generated in the region directly from the tourism sector.

    Palavras-Chave: environment; ecology; tourism; sustainability; environmental impacts; fossil fuels

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A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

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A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.