Abstract: In the last decades tree barks have become a very common bioindicator of air pollution because of its several advantages over other bioindicators. In the present study, tree barks were collected from different sites of Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP) and from two control sites far away from MRSP. The barks were analyzed by neutron activation analysis (NAA) for determinations of As, Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, K, La, Mg, Mn, Ni, Rb, Sb, Sc, V and Zn and for Cd, Cu and Pb by graphite furnace absorption spectrometry (GF AAS). Results obtained for samples collected in different sampling sites in the MRSP presented wide variability due to the different pollutants levels that each tree was exposed to. High concentrations of Cd, Pb, Sb and Zn were obtained in tree barks sampled close to high vehicular traffic. The principal components analysis (PCA) applied a identify four possible emission sources, soil resuspension plus vehicular emission, industrial, marine aerosols as well as the tree bark structure itself. The enrichment factor (EF) results indicated that all the elements originated from anthropic sources, with the exception of Cs. The cluster analyses indicated no significant differences between MRSP and control sites were observed with regards to characteristics of element emissions, probably due to the control sites are located also in urban areas. The results of certified reference material analyses indicated that NAA and GF AAS provided reliable data for element concentrations with standardized differences, |Z score| < 2.

Palavras-Chave: absorption spectroscopy; air pollution; bark; cluster analysis; concentration ratio; ecological concentration; elements; graphite; particulates; trees

SANTOS, ELIANE C.; SAIKI, MITIKO. Air pollution assessment using tree barks as biomonitors. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 22-27, 2017, Belo Horizonte, MG. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2017. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/28258. Acesso em: $DATA.

Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.

Como referenciar este item

Abstract: The study of artificial radionuclides dispersion into the environment is very important to control the nuclear waste discharges, nuclear accidents and nuclear weapons testing. The accidents in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, released several radionuclides in the environment by aerial deposition and liquid discharge, with various level of radioactivity. The 90Sr was one of the elements released into the environment. The 90Sr is produced by nuclear fission with a physical half-life of 28.79 years with decay energy of 0.546 MeV. The aims of this study are to evaluate the precision and accuracy of three methodologies for the determination of 90Sr in water samples: Cerenkov, LSC direct method and with radiochemical separation. The performance of the methodologies was evaluated by using two scintillation counters (Quantulus and Hidex). The parameters Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) and Figure Of Merit (FOM) were determined for each method, the precision and accuracy were checked using 90Sr standard solutions.

Palavras-Chave: accuracy; chemical analysis; concentration ratio; detection; ecological concentration; liquid scintillation detectors; performance; separation processes; strontium 90; water

NISTI, MARCELO B.; SAUEIA, CATIA H.R.; CASTILHO, BRUNA; MAZZILLI, BARBARA P. Assessment of SR-90 in water samples: precision and accuracy. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 22-27, 2017, Belo Horizonte, MG. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2017. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/28247. Acesso em: $DATA.

Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.

Como referenciar este item

Abstract: The concentrations of Se, Ba, Zn and Mn were determined in samples of Brazil nuts collected in two ways: a) in a production farm predominantly for export and, b) in various points of sale from different regions of Brazil. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was the analytical technique used in this study. Results indicate that the concentrations of Se and Ba varied greatly among the Brazil nut samples analyzed. This large variability may be related to the soil characteristics from which the nuts were produced. An inverse correlation was observed between the concentrations of Se and Ba. On the other hand, the concentrations of Zn and Mn did not show significant differences among these samples.

Palavras-Chave: barium; concentration ratio; ecological concentration; manganese; nuts; quality control; selenium; zinc

ARMELIN, MARIA J.A.; MAIHARA, VERA A.; COZOLLINO, SILVIA M.F.; CARDOSO, PAULO S.; SAIKI, MITIKO. Concentrations of Se, Ba, Zn and Mn in Brazil nuts. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 22-27, 2017, Belo Horizonte, MG. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2017. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/28241. Acesso em: $DATA.

Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.

Como referenciar este item

Abstract: The indiscriminate use of phosphate fertilizers causes adverse effects on biota, mainly due to the contaminants present in the rocks used in their manufacture. Among these contaminants, stand out the Rare Earth Elements (REEs) because of the significant increase in the use in several technological areas, such as in vehicle catalysts and also in fertilizer enrichment. In order to evaluate the levels of La, Sm, Nd, Yb and Lu by the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA), the present study aims to survey the ETRs in agricultural soils in Pernambuco/Brazil. For this study, 120 soil samples with a depth of 20 cm were collected in the main vegetable producing regions of the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), evaluating organic and conventional crops with and without influenced by automotive vehicles. The results obtained when compared to the Netherlands reference values defined by the National Institute of Health and Environment (RIVM). The results were higher in all points for La (35 mg.kg-¹ at 85 mg.kg-¹) Yb, (4 mg.kg-¹ at 11 mg.kg-¹) and Lu (0.3 mg.kg-¹ at 0.7 mg.kg-¹ at 4 mg.kg-¹). For Nd (9 mg.kg-¹ at 137 mg.kg-¹) the concentrations were above the values reported by RIVM in 4 points. Comparing the types of crops evaluated with the literature, the results are found was above for all elements analyzed. It may be related to the increase in the use of phosphate fertilizers. However, in environments using smaller amounts of additives, the results were also significant and the more detailed studies are needed to evaluate other possible contamination pathways.

Palavras-Chave: activity levels; agriculture; crops; ecological concentration; elements; irradiation; neutron activation analysis; rare earths; soils; thermal neutrons; vehicles

FRANÇA, FERNANDA C.S.S.; TICIANELLI, REGINA B.; MOREIRA, EDSON G.; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A.; ALBUQUERQUE, ADRIANA M. de A.; SILVEIRA, PATRICIA B. da; BARBOSA, JONNAS T. de L.; ALMEIDA, AMANDA C. de; HONORATO, ELIANE V.; HAZIN, CLOVIS A. Determination of REEs in agricultural soils of pernambuco by the neutron activation technique. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 22-27, 2017, Belo Horizonte, MG. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2017. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/28266. Acesso em: $DATA.

Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.

Como referenciar este item

Abstract: The use of mineral water for medical treatment is widespread throughout the world, and several mineral water springs have considerable concentrations of natural radionuclides from the 238U and 232Th series. The estimate of probable adverse effects on human health that may occur because of the ingestion or inhalation of radioactive substances present in these waters is relevant in Radiological Protection. The objective of this study was to determine the activity concentrations of the radionuclides 226Ra, 228Ra and 210Pb in the mineral water springs of Monte Alegre do Sul and Socorro, cities of the Paulista Water Circuit, collected in the seasons of summer, autumn, winter and spring of 2018; these cities have several mineral water springs distributed in many parts of them. The activity concentrations for the mineral waters from Monte Alegre do Sul ranged for 226Ra from limit detection of 2.2 ± 0.2 mBq L-1 to 23.0 ± 0.2 mBq L-1 , from limit detection of 3.7 ± 0.1 mBq L-1 to 16.0 ± 0,8 mBq L-1 for 228Ra and for 210Pb from the limit detection of 4.9 ± 0.4 mBq L-1 to 58 ± 5 mBq L -1 ; for Socorro ranged from limit detection of 2.2 ± 0.2 mBq L-1 to 11.0 ± 0.9 mBq L-1 for 226Ra, from limit detection of 3.7 ± 0.1 mBq L-1 to 48 ± 3 mBq L-1 for 228Ra and for 210Pb from limit detection of 4.9 ± 0.4 mBq L-1 to 49 ± 4 mBq L -1 .

Palavras-Chave: natural radioactivity; radium isotopes; radium 226; radium 228; lead 210; ecological concentration; drinking water; minerals

SANTOS, THIAGO O.; CARMO, AMANDA P.; GONÇALVES, PEDRO N.; DAMATTO, SANDRA R. Determination of the natural radionuclides 226Ra, 228Ra and 210Pb activity concentrations in the mineral waters from the cities of Monte Alegre do Sul and Socorro, SP. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 21-25, 2019, Santos, SP. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2019. p. 42-49. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/32165. Acesso em: $DATA.

Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.

Como referenciar este item

Abstract: The objective of the work is to evaluate the mercury exposure of children living in an artisanal gold mining area and in a control area, without mining. A cross-sectional study was conducted with children living in the municipalities of Chapada de Natividade and Porto Nacional, in the State of Tocantins, where hair samples were collected for laboratorial analysis of mercury concentrations, comparing between municipalities, gender, monthly fish consumption, profession of parents and the presence of amalgam in dental restorations. The hair samples were analyzed by the methods of neutron activation analysis and also by means of the DMA (Direct Mercury Analyzer) equipment, in the last case being a partnership with CETESB. There was no evidence of mercury-related diseases in the studied children. The mean concentration of mercury in children in Chapada de Natividade was significantly higher than in Porto Nacional. Children exposed to artisanal gold mining areas have higher concentrations of mercury than children living in non- artisanal gold mining areas. There was no significant relationship between mercury concentrations and gender, monthly fish consumption, parental profession and amalgam presence in dental restorations. The results suggest that the children living in an area exposed to mining experience greater environmental exposure to mercury, regardless of their eating habits or gender.

Palavras-Chave: children; concentration ratio; cross sections; ecological concentration; gold; hair; mercury; mining; neutron activation analysis

MENDES, SEYNA U.R.; VASCONCELLOS, MARINA B.A.; CATHARINO, MARILIA G.M.; QUINAGLIA, GILSON A.; HELD, BARBARA. Evaluation of mercury levels in hair of children resident in artisanal gold mining area in the city of Chapada de Natividade-Tocantins. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 22-27, 2017, Belo Horizonte, MG. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2017. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/28242. Acesso em: $DATA.

Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.

Como referenciar este item

Abstract: The study of the distribution of metals in sediments is very important from the point of view of environmental pollution once the sediment concentrates metals in aquatic systems and represents a relevant contamination monitor. The analysis of sediments has been used to evaluate the quality of aquatic systems in relation to the concentration of metals. This study aimed to assess sediment contamination by metals in the Guarapiranga Reservoir. Sediment and water samples were analyzed by ICP OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn and by CV AAS (Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) for Hg. The sediment samples results were compared to TEL (Threshold Effect Level) and PEL (Probable Effect Level) guidance values and RRV (Reference Regional Values). Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) was calculated to evaluate metals pollution degree using reference values stablished for metals and metalloids in sediments from the Upper Tietê Basin and EH-pH diagrams were applied to explain chemical forms and bioavailability of toxic metals in sediment samples. In general, most of the analyzed elements exceeded TEL values and Cr, Cu and Zn exceeded RRV guidelines. The high concentrations of Cu found in this reservoir can be explained by the frequent application of CuSO4 algicide, mainly at sampling site S-03. The Igeo indicated moderated polluted sediments by Zn and moderately to extremely polluted sediments by Cu, especially at S-03, in agreement with the TEL, PEL and RRV values comparison. These results may indicate potential risk of the reservoir water quality.

Palavras-Chave: absorption spectroscopy; aquatic ecosystems; chemical analysis; concentration ratio; ecological concentration; metals; sediments; semimetals; water pollution monitors; water reservoirs

COUTINHO, SUELLEN N.; FIGUEIREDO, ANA M.G.; QUINAGLIA, GILSON A. Metal assessment in sediments from the Guarapiranga Reservoir. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 22-27, 2017, Belo Horizonte, MG. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2017. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/28259. Acesso em: $DATA.

Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.

Como referenciar este item

Abstract: Twenty-eight 5-liter samples were collected during the year of 2018 on four different campaings (January, April, August and December) for seven selected sources (SP-123, Britania, Amizade, Dom Bosco, Volta Fria, Simao and Renato) of easy and free access to the population on the city of Campos do Jordão, SP, Brazil. Samples were concentrated from 1L to 50 mL of which 4 mL pipetted on 60 mm diameter stainless steel planchet were analyzed with a Berthold’s PC-controlled 10-channel Low-level Alpha-Beta Counter LB 770 Win in three 120-minute counting cycles. Preliminary results have shown low alpha and beta activity concentrations for all sources with values ranging between 0.0288 Bq/L ± 0.0036 Bq/L and 0.1059 Bq/L ± 0.0118 Bq/L for alpha activity and between 0.0371 Bq/L ± 0.005 Bq/L and 0.1352 Bq/L ± 0.0148 Bq/L for beta activities. Results showed a tendency of higher concentrations during periods of drier weather. All obtained values are below the limits of 0.5 Bq/L and 1 Bq/L, respectively for alpha and beta activity concentrations, recommended by the 2017 WHO Guideline on Drinking Water Management.

Palavras-Chave: aquifers; concentration ratio; ecological concentration; natural radioactivity; radiation detectors; recommendations; underground; water; who; brazil

AFFA, GABRIEL B.; PECEQUILO, BRIGITTE R.S. Preliminary results of natural radioactivity evaluation in underground waters of the city of Campos do Jordao, SP, Brazil. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 21-25, 2019, Santos, SP. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2019. p. 672-680. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/30420. Acesso em: $DATA.

Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.

Como referenciar este item