Navegação Eventos - Resumos por ano de publicação "2021"

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  • IPEN-DOC 28585

    DEL MASTRO, NELIDA L. ; GERVASONI, J.L.. Women in the nuclear field promoting Latin American integration. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 84-84.

    Abstract: Nuclear energy is used for the generation of electricity, but also for the production of radioisotopes, desalination of sea water and also for the production of hydrogen. Activities in the nuclear field are in the area of science, technology and innovation that has long belonged to an essentially male domain, in which the contributions of women were neglected or underestimated. The central idea for the creation of Women in Nuclear, WiN Global, was to support and encourage women working in nuclear science and technology and encourage the promotion of understanding and knowledge of the benefits of the peaceful use of nuclear energy by the public. WiN Global currently has predominantly female members coming from 129 different countries, belonging to chapters or individually. Today, WiN Global is integrated by 53 WiN Global chapters. Forty-nine countries have their own chapters and there are also regional and international ones. The history of Latin American integration started during the political independence movement of the countries of the New Continent. Since then, up and downs were overcome in order to keep a regional ambiance of good relationship. In the present study, a new form of integration is presented by the efforts of the women working in the nuclear ambit. This important movement involves Latin American WiN chapters (such as WiN Argentina, WiN Brazil, WiN ARCAL) promoting activities for the integration of our region. In order to quantify, to some extent, the participation of Latin American women, this paper presents a survey crossing data of the number of related publications to help to address an objective analysis of the trend of this integration.

    Palavras-Chave: documentation; information retrieval; information systems; nuclear energy; reactor technology; women

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  • IPEN-DOC 28460

    BACHMANN, LUCIANO; PEREIRA, THIAGO M.; ZEZELL, DENISE M. ; FELIPE, JOAQUIM C.. Vibrational spectroscopy of biological tissues. In: ENCONTRO DE OUTONO DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE FÍSICA, 44., 21-25 de junho, 2021, Online. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2021.

    Abstract: The vibrational modes of molecules in biological tissues can be assessed by either Raman spectroscopy, through inelastic scattering, or infrared spectroscopy, through direct measurement of transmittance or reflectance. When combined with mathematical methods, vibrational spectroscopic techniques have shown promising results for evaluation of biochemical changes in biological samples, and such combination can be used to develop new tools for medical diagnosis. Here, we provide an overview of the infrared spectral imaging techniques we use to characterize biological tissues and describe how we employ these techniques to diagnose cancer and to evaluate inflammatory processes. In the last decade, we have studied thyroid and colon cancer tissues as well as inflammatory processes attributed to an early stage of cancer. All the samples were obtained from human biopsy embedded in paraffin and cut according to the usual procedures in pathology. The sample slides were deposited over a Calcium Fluoride window that is transparent in the infrared spectral region. An FTIR spectrometer with 4-cm-1 resolution coupled to a microscope with 6x6 microns of effective pixel size was employed. Pre-processing algorithms were necessary to remove unwanted absorption bands such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and paraffin absorption bands. After that, the data of hyperspectral images were processed to classify and to predict tissue regions by using machine learning techniques. More recently deep learning algorithms have been employed to pre-diagnose colon and thyroid cancer. Aiming to identify tissue changes, deep neural networks can be trained under a supervised process by using the spectral values in different frequencies. The proposed study can be extended to other tissues and applied to a wide range of samples. A good dataset of samples to train the algorithms is key to achieving higher accuracy.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28448

    JACOVONE, RAYNARA M.S. ; JESUS, JULIANA M.S. de; SAKATA, SOLANGE K. ; RICARDO, ELIO C.. Uso do Kahoot! como ferramenta avaliativa em um ambiente interdisciplinar e remoto: primeiras impressões. In: CARMO, CAROLINA (Ed.); RANGEL, FERNANDA (Ed.); RIBEIRO, RAPHAEL de A. (Ed.); QUARTO, LUCAS C. (Ed.); SOUZA, THAIS C. de (Ed.) CONGRESSO NACIONAL DE ENSINO CIENTIFICO, 2., 15-18 de julho, 2021, Online. Resumo... Macaé, RJ: Congresse.Me, 2021.

    Abstract: O presente estudo visa apresentar as primeiras impressões observadas após o uso da plataforma on-line Kahoot! como ferramenta avaliativa do processo de aprendizagem ativa da disciplina IPN 0034 – Fundamentos dos Nanomateriais, integrante do conjunto de disciplinas optativas da graduação disponibilizadas no Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN). O curso baseia-se na fundamentação de conceitos aplicados ao estudo de nanomateriais, tais como síntese, caracterização e aplicação dessa tecnologia no âmbito científico e industrial. No ano atual, a disciplina, que ainda está em curso, é ministrada por quatro professores e quatro monitores do Programa de Aperfeiçoamento de Ensino (PAE), com 48 alunos dos seguintes cursos: Bacharelado em Biotecnologia (19%), Engenharia Química (19%), Química (17%), bacharelado em Física Médica (4%), além de alunos de outras Engenharias, Odontologia e Ciências Contábeis. Neste contexto, foram previamente selecionadas, dentro do plano da disciplina, a inserção de ferramentas e estratégias educacionais que buscam promover um aprendizado ativo. A heterogeneidade do público-alvo atribui ao curso um caráter multidisciplinar, além de motivar a atual necessidade de aprimorar a interação professor-aluno em um ambiente remoto. A título de exemplo, a disciplina em estudo propõem o uso de ferramentas como Kahoot! Mentimeter , uso de mapas conceituais e apresentações de posters na plataforma on-line Wonder . Entre as vantagens da plataforma Kahoot!, destaca-se a obtenção do desempenho imediato dos alunos. O questionário foi desenvolvido com questões de múltipla escolha, sendo apenas uma das alternativas correta, sendo aplicado ao término de cada aula, pelos monitores da disciplina. A hipótese que está sendo avaliada, após a execução de cinco aulas, refere-se à observação de que, ao disponibilizar material para consulta/estudo, antes da aula, os alunos tiveram um maior/melhor desempenho no Kahoot! As evidências obtidas até o momento indicam que em aulas que foram apresentadas questões referentes ao conteúdo pré-aula, cerca de 74% a 96% das questões foram respondidas corretamente. Porém, nas aulas sem material prévio, o máximo de acertos foi de 48%. Esses dados consideram a participação de 48 a 44 alunos, sem considerar o tempo para resposta das questões, mas apenas o que foi pontuado como certo e errado. Essa distinção de desempenho aponta para a importância do aluno estudar ou ter um contato prévio com o conteúdo que será dado em sala. Destaca-se que a investigação da efetividade de uma ferramenta no decorrer do curso permite ao professor aprimorar ou, até mesmo, rever suas escolhas didáticas propostas no plano de aula, o qual não deve ser engessado, mas sim dinâmico, em resposta ao grupo de alunos e suas particularidades. Portanto, é possível identificar que a aplicação de material pré-sala e o uso do Kahoot! está permitindo avaliar de forma efetiva o desempenho dos alunos, oferecendo indicadores para avaliar também as práticas do professor na disciplina em questão.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28451

    OLIVEIRA, ANDRESSA B.; FAGUNDES, JESSYCA L.A.; VEADO, HENRIQUE C.; FORTES, BEATRIZ N.A.; BITTENCOURT, ALEXANDRA A.; ADORNO, JOSE; CASTRO, MARCIO B.; VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. ; SANTOS, PAULO S. ; DALLAGO, BRUNO S.L.; CAMPEBELL, RITA C.. Uso de pele de rã na cicatrização de feridas em equinos / Use of frog skin in wound healing in horses. In: SIMPOSIO INTERNACIONAL DO CAVALO ATLETA, 5., April 26-30, 2021, Online. Abstract... Belo Horizonte, MG: EV-UFMG, 2021.

    Abstract: A pele de rã (Rana catesbeiana) possui peptídeos com ação antimicrobiana, resistência mínima a perda de água e otimiza o processo cicatricial de feridas. Objetivou-se avaliar a cicatrização de feridas experimentais tratadas com pele de rã (GPR), desidratada e esterilizada com raios gama, comparando os achados clínicos e histopatológicos com feridas tratadas com ringer com lactato (GC). Utilizando-se cinco equinos saudáveis, foram realizadas feridas (3 x 3 cm), duas de cada lado da região lombar, distantes 7 cm, incluindo pele e subcutâneo, sendo que um lado foi realizado avaliação clínica e outro histopatológica, aleatoriamente. Durante o período experimental, realizaram-se avaliações e coletas para exame histopatológico nos dias 0, 3, 7, 14 e 21, e curativos diários no GC e troca de pele, a cada 3 dias no GPR. Observou-se o preenchimento total do leito da ferida por tecido de granulação no 14º dia, nos dois grupos e epitelização evidente em ambos grupos no 21º dia. As menores médias das áreas das feridas e as maiores taxas de contração foram observadas no GPR até o 7º dia. No entanto, nas aferições seguintes, o GC apresentou menores médias de área e maiores taxas de contração. Na avaliação histopatológica o GPR apresentou maior fibroplasia e neovascularização precoce até o 7º dia, mas posteriormente, notou-se essas características mais acentuadas no GC. Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos estudados. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, a pele de rã possui precoce neovascularização e fibroplasia, podendo ser um potencial curativo biológico temporário em equinos.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28970

    MACEDO, FERNANDA M. ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO . Use of SNOM for analysis of biomarker molecules when excited by Raman. In: WORKSHOP ON LIDAR MEASUREMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA, 11th, October 19-22, 2021, Punta Arenas, Chile. Abstract... Punta Arenas, Chile: Universidad de Magallanes, 2021. p. 27-27.

    Abstract: During the last decade, many studies have made significant progress in understanding the causes and implications of our environment, with respect to the atmosphere. Bioaerosols are fundamental in the reproduction of plants and microorganisms (pollen, spores, etc.), which in the atmosphere are transported across borders and long distances. For this reason, bioaerosols have great importance in genetic diffusion between habitats and biomas geographic change, contributing as main elements in the development, evolution and ecosystems dynamics. The consequences related to public health and agriculture are associated by the dispersion of plants, animals, pathogens and human allergens, showed an increase of allergies and asthma cases during storms, due to high concentrations of bioaerosols, especially when attributed to fungal spores. The biological content found in the air of global land surfaces corresponds to a quarter of the total particles found in the air, consisting mainly of proteins, arising from pollens, fungal spores, bacteria, viruses or fragments of plant or animal matter. Some proteins act as marker molecules which autofluoresce if excited at a specific wavelength. A signature of biomarker proteins, existing in the cell wall of fungal spores of medical interest, will be developed using scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM). This new high resolution optical methodology will allow detailed analysis of biomarker molecules (ergosterol, mannitol and arabitol), as well as their behavior when excited by Raman. In possession of a molecular standard, a database of these characteristics will be created, which will provide technical support for the remote Raman sensing of these species in the atmosphere of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP).

    Palavras-Chave: aerosols; optical microscopy; biological markers; atmospheres

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  • IPEN-DOC 28643

    GONCALVES, J.A.C. ; SOMESSARI, E.S.R. ; NAPOLITANO, C.M. ; SOMESSARI, S.L. ; BUENO, C.C. . Transit dose measurements using alanine and diode-based dosimeters. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Palavras-Chave: radiation doses; accuracy; alanines; dosemeters

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  • IPEN-DOC 28564

    TOMINAGA, F. ; LEO, P.; BORRELY, S.I. . Toxicity assessment of acetylsalicylic acid using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In: SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY (SETAC) LATIN AMERICA BIENNIAL MEETING, 14th, September 26-29, 2021, Online. Abstract... Pensacola, FL, USA: Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), 2021. p. 50-50.

    Abstract: Urban and industrial growth has triggered the release of toxic compounds into the environment, causing negative impacts on the population and ecosystems. Among the pollutants, pharmaceuticals have drawn attention due to potential of impacting the environment at ecological relevant concentrations. Aspirin is widely used in human medicine as an analgesic, antipyretic and in actively preventing platelet aggregation, and it is frequently detected in influent samples at relatively high concentrations. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists in simple eukaryotic model, widely used for toxicity assessment. The current study aims to evaluate the toxicity of the anti-inflammatory acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) using viability and conductometric assays. The viability assays were based on the evaluation of the number of viable cells present in a cell suspension after 1 hour exposure, while the conductometric tests were done by monitoring of changes in the specific conductivity of suspensions of S. cerevisiae due to inhibition of fermentation in toxic conditions after 30 minutes of exposure. The viability tests showed no reduction of viability at the evaluated concentrations (up to 100 mg L-1). The conductometric assays demonstrated low sensibility of the yeast to aspirin with EC5030min of 815 mg L-1. The results also indicated that there was no increase in the sensitivity of conductometric assays even at 6 hours of exposure. Furthermore, the acute toxicity data was compared with data obtained from in silico toxicity models (ECOSAR). Toxicity data collated from the software from different trophic levels showed EC5096h, LC5048h and LC96h of 867, 1774 and 777 mg L-1 for green algae, daphnid and fish, respectively, indicating low toxicity of aspirin.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28586

    VIEIRA, DANIEL P. . Three-dimensional cellular culture system for testing of biological effects of radiations in tumoral and non-tumoral models. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 89-89.

    Abstract: In vitro cell cultures are a well-known controlled test system used to analyze tumor physiologic responses upon negative stimuli. Updated techniques, us-ing three-dimensional organization of cells in cultures, are being increasingly used to this purpose. Research organizations and industry are striving to pro-duce in vitro tumor surrogates that could be better test systems to antitumor agents as new compounds or to study radiation effects on cancers. The presentation will show some techniques currently used to build and maintain these specific cell cultures, and how experiments are evolving towards the production of tumoroids, or tumoral organoids, which will include various cell types and additive manufacturing.

    Palavras-Chave: cell cultures; three-dimensional calculations; tumor cells; radiations

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  • IPEN-DOC 28900

    VIVEIROS, BARBARA V.G. de ; BERBEL, LARISSA O. ; DONATUS, UYIME ; COSTA, ISOLDA . The corrosion behavior on AA2050-T84 and AA7050-T7451 welded and non-welded by FSW. In: INTERNATIONAL CORROSION CONGRESS, 21st; INTERNATIONAL CORROSION MEETING, 8th, July 20-23, 2021, Online. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Corrosão - ABRACO, 2021.

    Abstract: In this work, the corrosion resistance of the AA2050-T84 and AA7050-T7451 alloys welded by FSW and non-welded was investigated using chloride solutions. The corrosion resistance, microstructure and microhardness were studied. Microhardness measurements at the cross section and at the top surface of the weld identified significant differences between the various zones resulting from FSW. Characterization of the corrosion resistance was carried out by electrochemical and immersion tests. Localized electrochemical techniques were used in this work, specifically scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) and scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET). The results showed that the most electrochemically active zone at of the welded alloys was the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ). This zone corresponds to the transition between the two alloys. In the top surface of the welded alloys, besides the TMAZ, the heat affected zone (HAZ) was also highly active corresponding to the transition between zones of the AA7050. This was due to the formation of hardening precipitates in the HAZ of the AA7050. In the cross-section, the high activity related to the TMAZ was due to the galvanic coupling between the two alloys where the AA7050 alloy acted as anodic zones, and the AA2050, as the cathodic ones. When the two alloys, AA2050 and AA7050, were exposed separately to 0.005 mol.L-1 NaCl or 3.5 (wt%) NaCl solutions, the AA2050 alloy showed higher electrochemical activity compared to the AA7050 alloy which was due to the higher content of active micrometric precipitates in the AA2050 alloy relatively to the AA7050. However, when the alloys were coupled, the AA2050 was cathodically protected by the AA7050 alloy.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28642

    SANTOS, S.C. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; CAMPOS, L.L. . Synthesis of thulium-yttria nanoparticles with EPR response. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Abstract: Introduction: High dose dosimetry demands a continuous effort towards the development of new materials with the aim to guarantee assurance of activities in which ionizing radiation is used. The present work reports a hydrothermal synthesis based on a relative low temperature and pressure to form thulium-yttria nanoparticles with electron paramagnetic resonance response. Material and method: Thulium-yttria nanoparticles (Tm:Y2O3) prepared with 0.1at.%Tm (atomic percentage, at.%) were synthesized by an eco-friendly hydrothermal process as reported in previous study[1]. The nanoparticles were characterized by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR). Results: According to results, the hydrothermal method provided thulium-yttria nanoparticles with cubic C-type structure, mean particle size (d50) less than 90nm (Fig.1), and EPR response. The EPR spectra of powders exhibited two resonance peaks p1 and p2 recorded at 350 and 160mT, respectively (Fig.2). Conclusions: The enhancement of the EPR response of yttria by the use of thulium as a dopant provide meaningful parameters to advance in the formation of new rare earth based materials for radiation dosimetry.

    Palavras-Chave: hydrothermal synthesis; temperature range 0065-0273 k; pressure dependence; thulium; yttrium; nanoparticles

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  • IPEN-DOC 28443

    FELINTO, M.C.F.C. ; ALI, B. ; FRANCISCO, L.H.C. ; BLOIS, L.; BRITO, H.F.; MALTA, O.L.; TEOTONIO, E.E.S.. Synthesis and luminescent properties of three new and bright Eu - tta compounds modified on α-carbon for use as biological markers. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LUMINESCENCE, 19th, July 26-30, 2021, Changchun, China. Abstract... 2021.

    Abstract: Three smarts luminescent Eu3+ complexes (Eu1 = Eu(tta-ester)3phen 1, Eu2 = Eu(tta- NH2)3phen 2, Eu3 = Eu(tta-COOH)3phen, were synthesized by using phenanthroline as the neutral ligand and Cα modified 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate and as the anionic ligand. All the Eu(III) complexes were structurally characterized by spectroscopic methods. Photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra of Eu complexes showed red color emission in the solid state. These materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and by energy dispersive, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, luminescence and vacuum ultraviolet–ultraviolet spectroscopies.The spectra show several sharp emission bands ranging from 450 to 750 nm due to the 4f– 4f transition from the excited state 5D0 to the low-lying multiple level 7FJ (J = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4) of the Eu3+ ion. The five main sharp emission peaks were observed at wavelengths of c.a. 579, 591, 613, 653 and 702 nm, which are attributed to the f–f electronic transitions of the Eu(III) ion (5D0 → 7F0, 5D0 → 7F1, 5D0 → 7F2, 5D0 → 7F3 and 5D0 → 7F4, respectively). These complexes were evaluated also in terms of high energy.VUV-UV emission spectra present the 5D0→7F2 the transition dominating the spectrum under excitation at higher energies (Fig.1).

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  • IPEN-DOC 28577

    FREIRE, LUCIANO O. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de . A survey on the evolution of yearly works on Pd-D, Ti-D and Ni-H systems within cold fusion field. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER NUCLEAR SCIENCE, 23rd, June 9-11, 2021, Online. Abstract... 2021.

    Abstract: More than 30 years have been passed since Stanley and Pons press conference announcing the discovery of “Cold Fusion”. This work aims at presenting a general view of the evolution of experimental works in the various sub-fields, like Pd-D, Ti-D, Ni-H systems. For each subfield, this work presents the yearly number of successful and unsuccessful works published in conferences or journals. For Pd-D systems, since 1989, the number of positive results (finding some nuclear reactions) is superior to negative results but there is a trend of reduction of yearly works. Ti-D systems follow the same tendency. Ni-H systems, on the other hand, present a rising tendency besides having a higher ratio of successful/unsuccessful experiments. Perhaps the smaller cost of materials and easier replication is being decisive for new research groups starting in the field, besides enterprises starting advertisement of products based on the Ni-H system.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear reactions; cold fusion

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  • IPEN-DOC 28969

    SOUZA, GIOVANNI ; LOPES, FABIO J.S. ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO . Study of optical properties and spatial distribution of cirrus clouds over São Paulo, Brazil, using CALIPSO level 2 data. In: WORKSHOP ON LIDAR MEASUREMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA, 11th, October 19-22, 2021, Punta Arenas, Chile. Abstract... Punta Arenas, Chile: Universidad de Magallanes, 2021. p. 67-67.

    Abstract: Cirrus clouds have an important role in the earth’s radiation budget, they have a wide spatial extension and are the most present type of clouds in the atmosphere, especially in tropical regions (Sassen et al., 2018). Due their thickness, Cirrus clouds are almost transparent for the incoming shortwave solar radiation and opaque to the longwave emitted by the planet's surface. Despite the importance of Cirrus clouds in the earth’s climate, there is a lack of studies focused on this type of cloud in the southern hemisphere. Since 2006, the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO), a joint mission between NASA and the French space agency, CNES, provides physical and optical information of clouds and aerosols to improve the understanding of their role in the climate, air quality and radiation budget in the Earth. The primary instrument of CALIPSO payload is the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), which is a lidar system operating on 1064 nm and 532 nm (with parallel and perpendicular polarization) wavelengths. CALIOP provides as level 1 data, high-resolution vertical profiles of aerosols and clouds. In turn, the level 2 data provides processed products such as cloud-aersol discrimination, cloud base and top layer altitude, and cloud optical depth. The aim of this work is use the CALIOP global coverage to study the physical and optical properties of Cirrus clouds over the São Paulo State (roughly centered on 21.3°S, 50.3°W), in Brazil. We have employed a statistic analysis of 9 years (2007-2015) of data using the level 2 products to obtain spatial distribution and optical properties of cirrus clouds over São Paulo state, in order to understanding the long-term trend of Cirrus clouds coverage in the São Paulo state and later on Brazil.

    Palavras-Chave: optical radar; clouds; satellites; earth atmosphere; solar radiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 28961

    JESUS, ESTER O. de ; ROSARIO, NILTON M.E. do; YOSHIDA, ALEXANDRE C. ; CACHEFFO, ALEXANDRE ; GUERRERO-RASCADO, JUAN L.; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; LOPES, FABIO J.S. . Study of aerosol optical properties on South America using AERONET data analysis: preparation for EARTHCare ESA Satellite mission. In: WORKSHOP ON LIDAR MEASUREMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA, 11th, October 19-22, 2021, Punta Arenas, Chile. Abstract... Punta Arenas, Chile: Universidad de Magallanes, 2021. p. 21-21.

    Abstract: In the last decade, a new generation of satellite missions have been developed using advanced lidar systems capable to retrieve several cloud and aerosol optical properties and distinguish different aerosol types by applying a polarization sensitive high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) technique, as is the case of the Earth Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) mission, developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) together with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The EarthCARE payload will be compound by four main instruments, a cloud profiling radar, with Doppler capability, the HSRL system, a multispectral imager and a broadband radiometer, enabling the retrieval of global profiles of clouds, aerosols, precipitation and radiation field properties. The Atmospheric Lidar system (ATLID) on board of EarthCARE will operate at 355 nm and will use the cross and co-polarized components of Mie and Rayleigh scattering to derive aerosol properties. An important task to be developed by ground-based research groups is the data validation process. In this context, the Latin American LIdar NETwork (LALINET) has been playing a key role in the cloud and aerosol studies by using lidar and/or the AERONET sunphotometers data. In order to prepare the most suitable strategy for calibration and validation (CAL/VAL) processes of the EarthCARE mission, we have employed an extensive study of aerosol optical properties derived from 21 AERONET sunphotometer stations all over South America, from a period of at least 20 year. The aim of this work is to present preliminary results of columnar aerosol optical properties, such as AOD, lidar ratio, scattering and absorption Angstrom Exponent, single-scaterring albedo and aerosol fine-mode fraction, in order to select cluster-zones by aerosol types to guide the validation methodology for ATLID system products, since the continent is dominated by high spatial and temporal variability of aerosol systems.

    Palavras-Chave: aerosols; aerosols; satellites; validation; optical properties

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  • IPEN-DOC 28960

    LOPES, PEROLA P.Q. ; LOPES, FABIO J.S. ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO . Study between atmospheric paramenters and pyranometer global radiation measurements at São Paulo, Brazil. In: WORKSHOP ON LIDAR MEASUREMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA, 11th, October 19-22, 2021, Punta Arenas, Chile. Abstract... Punta Arenas, Chile: Universidad de Magallanes, 2021. p. 19-19.

    Abstract: According to the recently released report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on August of 2021, the well-mixed greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations have continued to increase in the atmosphere, reaching annual averages of 410 ppm for CO2,1866 ppb for CH4, and 332 ppb for N2O. The GHGs can contribute to warming the atmosphere up to 2.0°C, while aerosols can contribute to cooling up to 0.8°C. in this context, it is increasingly important to monitor the global solar radiation flux incident on the atmosphere. The pyranometer instrument is designed to measure the solar radiation flux density (W/m2) and it can be used to get information about the amount of radiation incident on the ground and how much of this radiation is absorbed or scattered. The aim of this work is to show preliminary results retrieved by Piranometer installed in the SPU Lidar Station, in São Paulo-Brazil, and how the global solar radiation can be correlated with other atmospheric parameters retrieved from AERONET sunphotometer and meteorologic stations, such as the aerosol optical depth (AOD), cloud cover, relative humidity, in order to quantify the aerosol influence in the process of atmospheric radiation and climate change.

    Palavras-Chave: solar radiation; radiometers; optical radar; clouds

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  • IPEN-DOC 28556

    SOUZA, JULIANA P. de; SERNA, JILDER D.P.; MORAES, LETICIA P.R. de ; SILVA, JULIO C.M.; ALVES, ODIVALDO C.. Structural and magnetic properties of CeO2 nanomaterials as a function of different morphologies: nanocube, nanowire and nanobelt. In: BRAZIL MRS MEETING, 19th; INTERNATIONAL UNION OF MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETIES - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRONIC MATERIALS, August 30 - September 3, 2021, Online. Abstract... São Carlos, SP: Aptor Software, 2021. p. 128-128.

    Abstract: The nanomaterials of cerium oxide can be applied in catalysts, fuel cells and spintronics [1]. Additionally, in its crystalline structure, small defects named oxygen gaps appear, caused by its high potential pattern of reduction from Ce IV to Ce III or that it becomes an oxidizing agent and the conferring agent. In this work we investigated the magnetic properties of three ceria morphologies on a nanometric scale: nanocubes, nanowires and nanobelt that were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. As samples prepared from studies by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), magnetometry (VSM) and paramagnetic resonance (EPR). XRD measurements show characteristic peaks of ceria fluorite face-centered cubic structure. Measurements of magnetization in function of the field applied at room temperature showing the ferromagnetic character with different values of the coercive field and saturation magnetization, we observe an increase in the coercive field and saturation magnetization in ceria nanocubes that can be explained by an increase in the density of vacancy [2]. The zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetization curves measured on low magnetic fields show a soft maximum around 60 K attributed to oxygen at the sample surface. Applying to the Curie-Weiss equation indicates the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions mainly in nanobelt and nanocubes morphologies. The EPR spectra at room temperature show two paramagnetic symmetry, with axial symmetry with g1 = 1.97 and g2 = 1.94 associated with Ce 3+ and another isotropic around g = 2.03 due to vacancies of isolated oxygen for all samples. The ferromagnetic arrangement characterized by the presence of broad signals at about 3500 G is also observed in nanobelt morphologies.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28973

    ANDRADE, IZABEL da S. ; ARAUJO, ELAINE C. ; CORREA, THAIS ; MACEDO, FERNANDA de M ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO . Spatial-temporal analysis of NO2 in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. In: WORKSHOP ON LIDAR MEASUREMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA, 11th, October 19-22, 2021, Punta Arenas, Chile. Abstract... Punta Arenas, Chile: Universidad de Magallanes, 2021. p. 68-68.

    Abstract: Nowadays, several methods of monitoring air pollutants exist, however few allow a large spatial and temporal coverage. Sentinel-5P is a satellite dedicated to atmospheric monitoring with a high spatial-temporal resolution, offering a large data of miscellaneous chemical species. Nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2), emitted by anthropogenic activities into the atmosphere - in large urban centers their main emitting source is vehicles - need particular attention, , in addition to being primary pollutants, they are precursors for formation of other chemical species due to photochemical reactions, mainly tropospheric ozone. These photochemical interactions of NOX stimulate to reduce its lifetime in the atmosphere. Furthermore, these pollutants are used as air quality indexes. The Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP) has more than 30 cities, being an important economic center for the state of São Paulo. The MRSP has highways with high circulation of light and heavy vehicles, industries and also a high population density. Such factors make this region a favorable area for a satellite study. Thus, the present work uses Sentinel-5P NO2 L2 data in order to analyze the evolution of concentrations throughout 2019.

    Palavras-Chave: air pollution; nitrogen dioxide; pollution control; air pollution monitoring; urban areas

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  • IPEN-DOC 28578

    FREIRE, LUCIANO O. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de . Some facts about nuclear forces and evidence of their range being longer than people believe. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER NUCLEAR SCIENCE, 23rd, June 9-11, 2021, Online. Abstract... 2021.

    Abstract: Nuclear forces are believed to have ranges around 2 fermi and beyond that range, only electrostatic force is relevant. Before trying to make theories about the phenomena of nuclear reactions observed in solids, it is important to revise critically the existing experimental literature and nuclear theory to check if current models are coherent and if they could explain the observed phenomena. The first step is to check the current nuclear models, the second is to analyse the neutron cross-section data, the third is to discuss coherence between empirical data and models, the fourth is to identify the order of magnitude of nuclear forces range, the fifth is to revise the full height of Coulomb barrier. It was found one isotope (Gadolinium-157) that can attract a thermal neutron at least at 2781 fermi and repulses neutrons at 179 Fermi. It was also found that the plane projection of volumes where neutrons are directly captured is distinct of the projection of the volume where neutrons are scattered for most isotopes. But Kryptonium, Ruthenium, Xenonium, Iridium, and Mercury elements seem having their scattering volumes covered by the absorption volumes, or not having a scattering volume at all. Ca-44, Ca-48, Ni-64, Se-74, Te-123, Dy-162, Hf-177 and W-186 isotopes seem having a partial screening of their scattering volume by the absorption volume. Resonance capture volumes seem to be independent of direct capture volumes and have interface with scattering volume. Three facts suggest absorption volumes are consequence of nucleons arrangement, assuming an FCC nucleus model. The first is that a single additional neutron may change the order of magnitude of absorption radius (like He-3 to He-4). Second, excited states also change absorption cross-sections, like Na-23 whose first excited state increases absorption cross-section and Cl-37 whose first excited state decreases absorption cross-section. Third, neutron capture resonance depends on existence of an excited state of the compound nucleus (target nucleus plus the neutron) with energy larger than this neutron binding energy. In other words, to have a resonance, the target nucleus needs to have two places available for a neutron, and the energetic distance between them needs to be larger than a minimum (the very neutron binding energy). Compared to Coulomb forces, the nuclear forces attracting neutrons are weak, about 6 orders of magnitude smaller than electrostatic repulsion at mean thermal neutron capture radius.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear forces; nuclear reactions; capture; resonance

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  • IPEN-DOC 28641

    ALMEIDA, S.B. ; CUNHA, A.P.V.; SAMPAIO, C.C.; MENEGUSSI, G.; CAMPOS, L.L. . Small fields dosimetry employing thermoluminescent dosimeters in the clinical aplication of photon beams. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Abstract: Introduction: In radiotherapy, the new techniques have some difficulties such as: beam dosimetry, geo- metric characterization and the use of small radiation fields(1). In some cases, the fields sizes are reduced due to the very small lesions, the simulations of the treat- ment in the planning have a very important role, there- fore, they must be provided with data referring to these small fields. Dosimetry becomes quite complex, as the precision becomes quite contestable, especially when small fields are being used in low density regions(2). Due to the absence of lateral electronic balance, de- termining the dose in the target volume in small field cases is quite difficult. Another problem for this type of dosimetry is the sharp dose gradient at the edges of the field. However, this fact requires that the choice of the radiation detector must be of a relevant size in the dosimetry of small fields, taking into account some parameters such as: high spatial resolution, density equivalent to water, linearity, reproducibility, regard- less of energy and rate of dose(3). Material and method: For this analysis LiF:Mg;Ti (3,15 mm in diameter, 0,9 mm in thickness) and μLiF:Mg;Ti (1 mm x 1 mm) dosimeters produced by Harshaw were used. The irradiation system was the Varian Clinac 6 EX with photon energies of 6MV, with the collimator Multi-leaf Brainlab M3 belonging to the Hospital das Clínicas de São Paulo - HC. In addition, for measurements solid water plates (SW) of 30x30x1cm³ dimension were used. The studied field sizes were 9,8x9,8cm2, 5x5cm2, 4x4cm2, 3x3cm2, 2x2cm2, 1x1cm2 and 05x05 cm2. . Results: The dosimeters were selected with TL sensitivity between ±3%. The TL response presented non-significant variation. The dose response curves to photon beams of 6MV presented a linear behavior in the dose range studied (2Gy to 10Gy). Results obtained in simulated irradiations demonstrated the viability of using μLiF:Mg;Ti as dosimeter to dose evaluation of small photon fields with relatively low uncertainties for this type of application. Table 1 presents the result of TL response of the dosimeters for the studied fields. Conclusions: The dosimetry of small fields is very complex and difficult due to the dimensions of the fields, however the LiF:Mg;Ti and μLiF dosimeters demonstrated an excellent viability for this type of application due to their dimensions being minimal and showing uncertainties below 3%.

    Palavras-Chave: radiotherapy; dosimetry; thermoluminescent dosemeters; radiation doses; photon beams

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  • IPEN-DOC 28598

    LIMA, MAYELLE M.P. ; NASCIMENTO, PAMELA F. do ; NASCIMENTO, ANA C.G. ; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. . A simple and quick method to generate in vitro tridimensional tumor bodies from a human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) using magnetic aggregation technique. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 382-382.

    Abstract: Tumor physiology studies have to rely on efficient and representative models, as animal-based or in vitro tridimensional cell constructs. The work used magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles produced by electron-beam induced chemical reduction to give cells the ability to form aggregates when submitted to a magnetic field, and thus to produce micro tumors in vitro. The work aimed to produce human breast adenocarcinoma mini tumors (BAMT's) in vitro. Paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PION’s) were synthesized through electron-beam induced Fe3+ reduction and subsequent coprecipitation. Due to its poly-L-lysine coating, PION’s were adsorbed on cell membranes of MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma). Cells were seeded in 24-well cell culture plates pre-treated overnight with Pluronic® F-127 to prevent cell adhesion and kept in culture conditions under magnetic fields for at least 6 days. BAMT's were differentially stained with Hoescht 33342 and ethidium bromide and imaged by wide-field fluorescence microscopy. BAMT's appeared as integer and well-defined cellular aggregates, with sparse dead cells stained by ethidium bromide. These structures can be further used for in vitro tumor studies, as BAMT’s are supposed to be more reliable models than monolayer cultures. Treatment of wells with poloxamer caused a mild to moderated cell-repellent effect, similar to those found in commercially available products, only by a fraction of the cost. The experiments succesfully produced mini tumors prone to be used in in vitro studies.

    Palavras-Chave: carcinomas; mammary glands; nanoparticles; iron oxides

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A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

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