Navegação Eventos - Resumos por Autores IPEN "ZEITUNI, CARLOS A."

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  • IPEN-DOC 30142

    FEHER, ANSELMO ; BAPTISTA, TATYANA S. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; MOURA, JOÃO A. . Challenges in iodine-125 sources production for cancer treatment. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TRENDS IN RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, April 17-21, 2023, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA, 2023. p. 25-25.

    Abstract: There is a great challenge the implantation on assurance quality system in the brachytherapy sources production. It involves tofulfill the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) requirements, involving the process validation and of all supporting activities such as cleaning and sanitization. The purpose of this work was to execute a process validation in the iodine-125 seeds production on Radiation Technology Center located at IPEN- Brazil. Besides this, the sanitization was to evaluate the effectiveness of different surface cleaning products, determining the best to reduce radiological contamination to acceptable levels during the sources production, according to legislation. The fabrication process was performed three times for evaluation. The parameters evaluated in this study were: the source welding efficiency and the leakage tests results (immersion test). The welding efficiency doesn’t have an established parameter, since is visually evaluated by the operator, and the leakage detection has to be under 5 nCi / 185 Bq, accordingly with the ISO 9978. In the relation of sanitization, it was established a cleaning program for three production lots of iodine 125 seeds using three types of sanitizers: Lot 1 with extran 1/1 (v/v), Lot 2 with hydrogen peroxide 6% and Lot 3 with sodium hydroxide 1M. Each lots contained seven iodine 125 seeds and was immersed in the sanitizer for 1 hour and then two washes with distilled water. An activity detected in each lots does not exceed 0,2 kBq (˭5nCi). The observed values on process validation were: 75% welding efficiency and 32% leakage detection. Although established values for the global efficiency aren’t available in the literature, the results showed high consistency and acceptable percentages, especially when other similar manufacturing processes are used in comparison (average 85-70% found in the literature for other similar metallic structures). According to results of sanitization, the best choice for remove de surface contamination was peroxide hydrogen. Further testing should ensure the sanitizer's choice is based not only on the removal of surface contamination, but also this sanitizer does not leave residues requiring further rinsing with distilled water. Those values will be important data when drafting the validation document and to follow the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs).

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  • IPEN-DOC 13846

    ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; RELA, PAULO R. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; MANZOLI, JOSE E. ; MOURA, JOAO A. ; MOURA, EDUARDO S.; SILVA, CONSTANCIA P.G. . Development and production of radioactive sources for cancer tratment in Brazil. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES, September 15-17, 2008, Bialowieza, Poland. Abstract... 2008. p. 63.

    Palavras-Chave: neoplasms; therapy; brachytherapy; wires; iridium 192; iodine 125; sealed sources

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  • IPEN-DOC 30158

    ROSERO, WILMMER A.A. ; BARBEZAN, ANGELICA B. ; RIGO, MARIA E.Z. ; RODRIGUES, PRISCILA S. ; TEODORO, LARA E.H. ; TALACIMON, CRISTHIAN F. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. . Development of radioactive nanoparticles functionalized with gum arabic to be used in nanobrachytherapy. In: BRAZIL MRS MEETING, 21st, October 1-5, 2023, Maceió, AL. Abstract... São Carlos, SP: Aptor Software, 2023. p. 553-553.

    Abstract: The development of new materials emerges as an alternative to the treatment of cancer, from the combination of nanotechnology and brachytherapy a new area of research was born, Nanobrachytherapy, which through the properties of nanometric materials can achieve better results in the fight against cancer. The objective of this work is classified as radiotherapy, which consists of the use of ionizing radiation to destroy or inhibit the growth of abnormal cells that form a tumor. [1] The ability to integrate NPsAu into biological systems is due to the nanometric dimensions of NPsAu probes which facilitate their incorporation into biological systems, as well as their bioconjugation and non-cytotoxic potential. [2] Taking into account the previous objective, gold was selected as the base element for obtaining nanometric systems, which due to its chemical richness and especially due to the intrinsic properties of one of its radioisotopes, which would allow us in theory to meet the stated objective. . Initially, it was based on the knowledge of the literature, and non-radioactive nanometric systems were obtained, and after a series of stability, characterization and application tests, the radioactive nanometric systems were obtained. Working with radioactive systems posed a great challenge, and up to now it presents us with situations to solve, but we have managed to create a methodology for obtaining, characterizing and applying radioactive gold nanoparticles, and also obtaining positive results from their application.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23884

    ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; MOURA, JOAO A. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; COSTA, OSVALDO L. da ; MOURA, EDUARDO S. de ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; KARAM JUNIOR, DIB . Estudo, desenvolvimento e produção de fontes radioativas para radioterapia. In: ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE FÍSICA NA INDÚSTRIA, 1., 04-05 de abril, 2013, São Carlos, SP. Resumo... São Paulo: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2013. p. 44-44.

    Abstract: Desde 1997, o IPEN-CNEN/SP por meio do seu “Laboratório de Produção Fontes para Radioterapia - LPFR”, produz fontes radioativas de Irídio-192, na forma de fi os, e fornece aos hospitais para utilização em radioterapia de baixa taxa de dose (LDR). Está em fase de conclusão, a montagem de uma instalação para a produção de fontes radioativas de Iodo-125, na forma de sementes, para uso em tratamento de câncer de próstata, oftálmico e cerebral. Essa instalação consiste de três glove-box (uma caixa estanque). A primeira, semi-automatizada, é a reação do iodo radioativo com o núcleo de prata que forma a semente. É a parte do processo que apresenta maior risco, tendo diversos sistemas redundantes de segurança como duplo fi ltro, depressão de ar e proteção física. A segunda é a solda da cápsula de titânio que envolve esse núcleo. Essa parte é inteiramente automatizada e o controle visual da qualidade da solda é feito pelo operador através de um sistema de câmaras. A terceira fase é o controle de qualidade, totalmente automatizado, que garante a estanqueidade das sementes prontas de acordo com a norma ISO 9978 - “Sealed Radioactive Sources-Leak Test Methods”. Como fase extra a dosimetria da semente está em desenvolvimento. Ela engloba o estudo de diversos parâmetros que auxiliam no cálculo da dose exata que o paciente recebeu ao utilizar esse tratamento. O grupo espera a conclusão para 2014. Atualmente encontra-se em desenvolvimento e implementação um laboratório para produção de fontes de Irídio-192, na forma de “pellets”, para utilização em radioterapia de alta taxa de dose (HDR). Estas fontes são importadas acarretando altos custos para a sociedade. Estas fontes são usadas para tratar vários tipos de câncer. Por exemplo: colo de útero, mama, pulmão e outros. A produção local de fontes radioativas para radioterapia reduzirá sensivelmente seus custos, permitindo um aumento do número de pacientes tratados no país. A proteção implementada no caso do Irídio-192 é maior quando comparada com o iodo-125. O primeiro isótopo apresenta energia de emissão entre 0,137 a 0,65 MeV enquanto o segundo 0,03MeV. Por essa razão o irídio será manipulado em hot cell (célula quente) que são enormes estruturas totalmente revestidas de chumbo pesando aproximadamente 25 toneladas. O operador usará um telemanipulador e o sistema do ar será totalmente selado. O vidro para visualização contém chumbo na formulação. Como resultado o operador leva praticamente nenhuma dose de radiação. O grupo espera a conclusão do novo prédio em 2018.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26024

    SOUZA, PAULO R.D. de ; RODRIGUES, BRUNA T. ; MACHADO, LUCAS K. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. . Evaluation of dose received in adjacent organs in the dosimetric plan of lung cancer. In: RUBIO, MARCELO (Ed.); TIRAO, GERMAN (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RADIATION PHYSICS, 14th, October 7-11, 2018, Córdoba, Argentina. Abstract... Córdoba: Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos, 2018. p. 64-64.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28562

    SILVA, JOSE T. da ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; NOGUEIRA, BEATRIZ R. ; ANGELOCCI, LUCAS V. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. . Homogeneity evaluation of phosphorus-32 epoxy plaques to be used in the treatment of spinal and intracranial cancer by brachytherapy. In: BRAZIL MRS MEETING, 19th; INTERNATIONAL UNION OF MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETIES - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRONIC MATERIALS, August 30 - September 3, 2021, Online. Abstract... São Carlos, SP: Aptor Software, 2021. p. 919-919.

    Abstract: In Brachytherapy, radioactive source is positioned close to the tumor. The most important advantage is that the target region receives most of the dose, protecting the healthy tissues adjacent to the tumor region. In order to use these sources, a high dosimetric uniformity must be achieved, so a homogeneous dose delivery can be delivered to the target. In the present work, the consistency of the epoxy resin plate was evaluated using a methodology developed in the laboratory for the production of radiotherapy sources at IPEN / CNEN - SP. Several tests were carried out to determine the best mold for the source manufacture. It was concluded that polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which is commercially known as teflon, obtained the best result, due to the ease unmold of the source after the resin curing process. The epoxy plaques were produced with resin 2220 and catalyst 3154 (Avipol), at a 2:1 mass ratio. To simulate the radioactive material, hydrochloric acid (HCl) equivalent to 5% of the total mass (resin + catalyst) is added. The epoxy resin cured for 24 h at room temperature. The thickness of the plaques was measured reaching an average value of 0.300 mm ± 0.070. The measurements were made with a micrometer, measuring 10 points of each plaque. The measures of width and length were not performed, as these parameters do not influence the uniformity of the dose. In order for the distribution of phosphorus-32 activity to be stipulated, a Monte Carlo Simulation using the MCNP code was performed. The maximum dose variation along the plaque, considering a totally uniform thickness of 0.300 mm, resulted in <0.5% up to 0.5 cm before the edge. The result of the simulation shows that with a uniformly thick plaque, the dose distribution trend is homogeneous. Based on the results, the epoxy polymer plaques are shown to be viable for use in brachytherapy, and the next step of the work will be the tests with radioactive material.

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  • IPEN-DOC 30122

    MEDEIROS, ILCA M.A.M. ; SILVA, ANA C.K. de S. ; TALACIMON, CRISTHIAN F. ; MOURA, JOAO A. ; TEODORO, LARA E.H. ; RIGO, MARIA E.Z. ; RODRIGUES, PRISCILA S. ; ROSERO, WILMMER A.A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. . How to select a dosimeter?. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DOSIMETRY AND ITS APPLICATIONS, 4th, October 16-20, 2023, Valencia, Spain. Abstract... Valencia, Spain: ISIRYM, 2023. p. 217.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26556

    COSTA, OSVALDO L. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; MOURA, JOÃO A. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; MOURA, EDUARDO S. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. ; SOMESSARI, SAMIR L. . Improvements in the quality control of iridium-192 wire used in brachytherapy. In: DUDALA, JOANNA (Ed.); STEGOWSKI, ZDZISLAW (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES, September 11-14, 2011, Krakow, Poland. Abstract... Krakow, Poland: Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 2011. p. 126-126.

    Abstract: Brachytherapy is a method used in the treatment of cancerous tumors by ionizing radiation produced by sources introduced into the tumor area, this method seeks a more direct attack to the tumor, thereby maximizing the radiation dose to diseased tissue while minimizing the dose to healthy tissues (1). One of the radionuclides used in brachytherapy is iridium-192. The Radiation Technology Center (CTR) of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN) has produced commercially, since 1998, iridium-192 wires used in low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy (2). To produce this radionuclide, firstly a iridium-platinum wire is irradiated in the nuclear reactor IEA-R1 for 30 hours with a neutron flux of 5 x 1013 ncm-2s-1, the wire is left to decay by 30 days to remove the main contaminants and then goes through a quality control before being sent to the hospital. In this quality control is checked the radiation homogeneity along each centimeter of the wire (3). To implement this procedure is used a device consisting of an ionization chamber surrounded by a lead shield with a small 1 cm wide slit, linked to the ionization chamber is a voltage source and a Keithley 617 electrometer, 2 minutes is the range used to measure the charge by the electrometer. The iridium wire is considered in accordance when there is no variation greater than 5% between the average measures and the maximum and minimum values. However, due to design features of the measurement system, the wire may appear to the detector through the slit in larger sizes than the ideal, improperly influencing the final quality control. This paper calculates the difference in size of these variations in profile and their influence on the final count, it compares the actual values obtained and describes the improvements made in quality control procedures that provided more accurate measurement data, analyzes the results and suggests changes in devices aimed at further improving the quality control of iridium-192 wires produced at IPEN and used in hospitals in Brazil.

    Palavras-Chave: brachytherapy; external irradiation; iridium 192; quality control; sealed sources

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  • IPEN-DOC 22981

    MOSCA, RODRIGO C. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. . Low-level laser therapy to treat cutaneous radionecrosis induced by 125I seed in a murine model. In: CONGRESS OF THE WORLD FEDERATION FOR LASER DENTISTRY, 15th, July 17-19, 2016, Nagoya, Japan. Abstract... 2016. p. 117-117.

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  • IPEN-DOC 30146

    ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSERO, WILMMER A.A. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; MOURA, JOÃO A. . Nationalization of brachytherapy radioactive sources in Brazil and the importance of IAEA cooperation. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TRENDS IN RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, April 17-21, 2023, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA, 2023. p. 23-23.

    Abstract: Brazil has a cancer incidence of about 625,000 cases a year. It is a public health problem, demanding constant efforts to deliver for patients the most efficient treatment modalities, improving their life expectancy and quality. Brachytherapy is a type of Radiotherapy where the radioactive source is placed close to or inside the tumor. The main advantage of the technique is to deliver the maximum dose in the target, saving healthy tissues. In Brazil, Our group had the objective of producing sources nationally, diminishing treatment costs, enabling the treatment to more patients. Some of our projects are developed in collaboration with the International Atomic Energy Agency-IAEA by technical cooperation projects. The IAEA participation is very important to provide technological transfer through scientific visits, expert missions, and contacts with more advanced centers. The financial support is also important, allowing us to buy the necessary equipment to make these cancer treatment sources production feasible in Brazil. Our team has received training through fellowships. We received some experts and organized several workshops to propagate the Brachytherapy technique at national and Latin American level. For producing new sources, five major areas must be considered: 1) source production: nuclear activation and/or radiochemical reaction; 2) welding; 3) quality control: leakage tests; 4) dosimetry and metrology; 5) operational procedures; 6) validation studies. To perform all steps, a multidisciplinary team works together to overcome difficulties. Our major projects are: Iridium-192 pellets: In Brazil there are 150 afterloading machines with pellets that replacement every 4 months (about 450 Iridium-192 sources a year). Our new production line, with the support of IAEA, is in progress, with the hot-cell being installed in a brand-new facility. Iridium-192 wires: In production since 1997, also supported by IAEA. The wire is activated at IPEN’s IEA-R1 reactor for 30 hours with 5x1013 n/cm-2.s-1 neutron flux resulting in 7.1 GBq (192 mCi) maximum activity. Iridium-192 seed: New seed for ophthalmic cancer treatment. The core presented 90% activity homogeneity. We are making the experimental dosimetry and Monte Carlo simulation. Iodine-125 seeds: Largely used in low dose brachytherapy. I-125 binding yield achieved with our new reaction was 90%; Laser welding presented 70% efficiency. Approved in all leakage tests. Our Iodine-125 seeds laboratory production is 90% ready. Other ongoing projects: polymeric Phosphorus-32 source for spinal cancer treatment, Gold-198 nanoparticles for prostate, breast, and liver cancer treatment, Iodine-125 seed as markers for non-palpable cancers, and dosimetry calculations for all new sources. All the projects are advancing, despite national funding difficulties. Withing those, several mSc, Phd, and Post-doc are getting their degrees. We will continue to develop new products hoping to help the Brazilian population fight against cancer. The support of IAEA has proven to be of the utmost importance for these projects not only in direct funding, but in providing knowledge to our team, the possibility to share information with the scientific community, and to form the next generation of scientists.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24640

    RODRIGUES, BRUNA T. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; TOZETTI, CINTIA A.; NOGUEIRA, BEATRIZ R. ; SOUZA, DAIANE C. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; MARQUES, JOSE R. de O. ; SILVA, JOSE T. da . Nova metodologia para fixar iodo-125 em fontes radioativas RM resina epóxi. In: ANAIS DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE BIOCIENCIAS NUCLEARES, 09-11 de outubro, 2017, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Biociências Nucleares, 2017. p. 130-130.

    Abstract: Introdução: O câncer de próstata é o mais comum entre os homens, aproximadamente 28,6%. A escolha do tipo de tratamento para o câncer da próstata deve considerar vários fatores como: tamanho e extensão do tumor, agressividade aparente (características patológicas), idade, saúde. A braquiterapia vem sendo utilizada em estágios iniciais e intermediários da doença porque é um tratamento seguro e efetivo para câncer prostático localizado. As sementes radioativas são colocadas em contato com ou dentro do órgão a ser tratado, permitindo que a dose de radiação seja liberada apenas no tumor alvo que proteja os tecidos circundantes saudáveis. As fontes podem ter diferentes formas e tamanhos, e a utilizada para câncer de próstata geralmente tem 4,5 mm de comprimento e 0,8 mm de diâmetro. Cerca de 80 a 120 sementes podem ser usadas por paciente. O Iodo-125 é o radioisótopo mais utilizado na braquiterapia da próstata, emite raios-X de 35,49 keV em 100% dos decaimentos, com energia média de 29 keV. Objetivos: Este trabalho propõe uma alternativa às sementes que já foram desenvolvidas, a fim de reduzir o custo. Desenvolvendo uma configuração de núcleo alternativa com o objetivo de aumentar o rendimento de iodo-125 fixado na matriz epoxídica, reduzindo assim o custo total. Resultados: Após produzidas as fontes, foi realizado teste de estanqueidade, com a fonte imersa em água destilada à temperatura ambiente. O resultado não excedeu o limite permitido pela norma ISO 9978 que é de 5 nCi (185 Bq) e o teste de esfregaço não indicou atividade no papel filtro. Conclusão: A fonte foi considerada estanque, após testes padrões, sem qualquer vazamento do material radiativo, viabilizando a matriz epóxi para confecção dos núcleos. Resultando em um método seguro e eficiente. Todos os resultados obtidos apresentaram um alto percentual de eficácia e melhor distribuição de atividade quando comparada às metodologias clássicas de núcleo de prata. As diferenças de eficiência entre núcleos foram causadas por flutuações estáticas do sistema de detecção e balança. A eficiência média dos núcleos foi 82,1 ± 3,2%

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  • IPEN-DOC 30157

    TEODORO, LARA E.H. ; TALACIMON, CRISTHIAN F. ; RIGO, MARIA E.Z. ; RODRIGUES, PRISCILA S. ; NOGUEIRA, THUANY C. ; ROSERO, WILMMER A.A. ; VIEIRA, JOSE M. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. . Possible molds for a new brachytherapy source for spinal and intracranial cancer. In: BRAZIL MRS MEETING, 21st, October 1-5, 2023, Maceió, AL. Abstract... São Carlos, SP: Aptor Software, 2023. p. 461-461.

    Abstract: Central Nervous System (CNS) cancer is the 18th most incident cancer in the world, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), and in 2020, in Brazil, it represented 2.5% of all new cancer deaths [1]. Brachytherapy is a type of radiotherapy that positions the radioactive source close to (or in contact with) the tumor. Thus, the targeted region receives most of the dose, protecting the healthy tissues adjacent to the tumor. A promising radioactive source for use in brachytherapy for the treatment of CNS cancer is phosphorus-32 in a polymeric substrate. This source has been prominent as a minimally invasive treatment for craniopharyngiomas and in the treatment of metastatic bone diseases in general [2]. To produce such a source, it is necessary to search for possible molds that can conform the polymeric material into the desired format. Several tests were carried out to determine the best mold for the radioactive source manufacture. Different materials were tested to observe if the mold material would react with the source's components, silicone rubber mixed with orthophosphoric acid. In order to be considered a possible mold, the mixture should cure; if the cure did not concretize, the mold would be descarted. It was concluded that polystyrene (PS) obtained the best result, due to the ease of unmold after the resin curing process.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26564

    SOUZA, CARLA D. ; VICENTE, ROBERTO ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; MOURA, JOÃO A. ; MOURA, EDUARDO S. ; MATTOS, FABIO R. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; COSTA, OSVALDO L. da ; VIANNA, ESTANISLAU B. ; CARVALHO, LAERCIO de ; KARAN JUNIOR, DIB. Preliminary proposal for radioactive liquid waste management in a brachytherapy sources production laboratory. In: DUDALA, JOANNA (Ed.); STEGOWSKI, ZDZISLAW (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES, September 11-14, 2011, Krakow, Poland. Abstract... Krakow, Poland: Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 2011. p. 48-48.

    Abstract: Malignant tumors are responsible for a high death rate in the entire world population (1). Prostate cancer is the third most common among men, after skin and lung. The treatment using permanent Iodine-125 seed are too costly, preventing the use in large scale (1) (2). A multidisciplinary team was formed to develop a source of Iodine-125 and assemble a national facility for local production. For the production correct implementation, a plan for radiological protection that has the management of radioactive waste fully specified are necessary. This work has developed an initial liquid waste management proposal. The most important Iodine-125 liquid waste is generated in the first phase of the process, radioactive material fixation. The initial proposal is that the waste is deposited in a 20 L container (2 years to fill). The final activity of this container is 4.93 x 1011 Bq. According to the discharge limits presented in the brazilian's regulation CNEN - NE - 605 - Management of radioactive wastes in radioactive facilities (3) this waste could safely be release to the environment in 3.97 years. In the other hand,if a minimization waste policy will be implemented, the production could becomes more efficient and cheaper. Waste storage at 25 L containers and changing some production parameters results in 3 years waste to be eliminated in 3.94 years. This new plan will optimize the materials used and diminished the waste generation facilitating the management, contributing to a cheaper product.

    Palavras-Chave: iodine 125; isotope production; liquid wastes; radioactive waste management; radioactive waste processing

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  • IPEN-DOC 26660

    ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; JAE-SON, KWANG; LEE, JUN S.; COSTA, OSVALDO L. ; MOURA, JOÃO A. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; MOURA, EDUARDO S. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. ; MATTOS, FABIO R. ; PELEIAS JUNIOR, FERNANDO S. ; KARAM JUNIOR, DIB. Production of iodine-125 in nuclear reactors: advantages and disadvantages of production in batch or continuous production in cryogenic system. In: DUDALA, JOANNA (Ed.); STEGOWSKI, ZDZISLAW (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES, September 11-14, 2011, Krakow, Poland. Abstract... Krakow, Poland: Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 2011. p. 149-150.

    Abstract: Cancer is one of the worst illnesses in the world and one of the major causes of death in Brazil [1,2]. For this reason, the Nuclear Energy National Commission (CNEN) started a project to produce some medical radioisotopes to treat cancer. One of the main products is the iodine-125 seeds [3]. This iodine seed can be used to treat several kinds of cancer: prostate, lung, eye, brain. As Brazil will construct a new reactor to produce radioisotopes, it is necessary define how the iodine-125 production will carry out [4,5]. The main reaction of this production is the irradiation of the enriched xenon-124 in gaseous form. Xe-124 changed to Iodine-125 by neutron capture following in two decays: Xe-124 (n, y) —• Xe-125m (57s) —• I- 125 or Xe-124 (n, y) —• Xe-125 (19.9 h) —• 1-125. However the production in reactors is the most common technique used, there is one disadvantage to use it: the production of iodine- 126 after several hours of irradiation. Iodine-126 has a half life of 13.1 days and it has some usefulness emitters for medical uses. Iodine-126 is considered a contamination [6]. For all these reasons, the IPEN/CNEN-SP research group decided for two techniques of production: in batch or continuous system. The production in batch consists in a sealed capsule that is placed in the reactor core for around 64 hours. In this type of production, some iodine-126 is produced and a certain quantity of Xe-124 is not activated. Normally, it needs to wait around 5 to 7 iodine-126 half-lives to guarantee the decrease of the activity of the contamination. This time will make Iodine-125 with only 50% till 34% of the initial production. The second technique is the continuous production using a cryogenic system. This technique consists in two capsules: one inside the reactor core and the second one out of the neutron flux. These two capsules will be linked with two cryogenic pumps to guarantee that all iodine-125 produced in the core will be take off the reactor core. The great disadvantage of this technique is the using of two positions in the core of the reactor. Brazil will have only one radioisotope reactor producing. And like there is a huge quantity of materials to be produced, it is not a guarantee the position in the reactor for this production. Besides of that the seeds production in Brazil is only 3000 per month, which demands around 3.5 Ci per month. The batch production produces a low quantity per reactor cycle of iodine-125, but this low quantity can be more than that [2,3].

    Palavras-Chave: cryogenics; iodine 125; isotope production; isotope production reactors; nuclear medicine; radiopharmaceuticals

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  • IPEN-DOC 30145

    ROSERO, WILMMER A.A. ; BARBEZAN, ANGELICA B. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; NOGUEIRA, BEATRIZ R. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. . Synthesis, activation and application testing of gold nanoparticles for nanobrachytherapy. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TRENDS IN RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, April 17-21, 2023, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA, 2023. p. 24-24.

    Abstract: For more than 50 years, the Energy and Nuclear Research Institute IPEN, has been offering solutions to Brazil through nuclear technology. Thus, one of the main areas where IPEN has contributed assertively is medicine. Reaching the level of 32 radiopharmaceuticals and radioactive sources intended both for therapy and for the diagnosis of several pathologies, including cancer, which are obtained with the help of the two nuclear reactors and two cyclotrons present in the institution. The Institute has a team for the development, production and distribution of radioactive sources for brachytherapy, such as 192 Ir wires and 125 I seeds. Brachytherapy is a cancer treatment technique where the radioactive source is placed close to or in contact with the lesion. The great advantage of the technique is to save healthy tissues. Currently, we are working on obtaining nanometric materials that can be applied in the emerging nano brachytherapy, because of its properties and characteristics at the nanometric level, gold has been the subject of studies and tests. Elemental Au gold can be activated 198 Au inside a nuclear reactor, and has β- decay and a half-life of 2.7 days, which makes it ideal for short-term irradiations. In addition, gold in the form of nanoparticles has a completely different chemistry, with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) being easily functionalized by a large part of molecular and polymeric binders, which may present favorable characteristics for the studies, and together with AuNPs they are able to work synergistically to achieve greater efficiencies. Currently, AuNPs have been successfully functionalized with gum arabic (GA), a coating widely used in the cosmetic and food industry, which is low cost and along with nanoparticles has shown biocompatibility with different cell groups and has been shown to be very stable over time. The project includes studies regarding the synthesis of nanoparticles, coating, cytotoxicity of AuNPs in vitro "cold" (non-radioactive) and the development of activation protocols in the nuclear reactor. In the next phase, after activation, in the reactor, "hot" tests will be performed in vitro and in vivo.

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  • IPEN-DOC 17791

    ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; MANZOLI, JOSE E. ; MOURA, EDUARDO S.; TERREMOTO, LUIS A.A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; MOURA, JOAO A.; FEHER, ANSELMO . Thermoluminescent and simulation dosimetry of the SUP(125)I brachytherapy seed. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES, September 15-17, 2008, Bialowieza, Poland. Abstract... 2008. p. 124.

    Palavras-Chave: brachytherapy; iodine 125; thermoluminescent dosimetry; simulation; quality control

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  • IPEN-DOC 30127

    TEODORO, LARA E.H. ; BURIN, ANA L. ; TALACIMON, CRISTHIAN F. ; MEDEIROS, ILCA M.M.A. ; RIGO, MARIA E.Z. ; TAVARES, PAULO V. dos S. ; RODRIGUES, PRISCILA S. ; NOGUEIRA, THUANY C. ; ROSERO, WILMMER A.A. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, ORLANDO ; VIEIRA, JOSE M. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. . Using a Monte Carlo simulation to analyze the ideal activity for a phosphorus-32 polymeric brachytherapy source for paraspinal tumors. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DOSIMETRY AND ITS APPLICATIONS, 4th, October 16-20, 2023, Valencia, Spain. Abstract... Valencia, Spain: ISIRYM, 2023. p. 171.

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  • IPEN-DOC 27037

    ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; SOUZA, DAIANE C.B. de ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; TIEZZI, RODRIGO ; COSTA, OSVALDO L. da ; RODRIGUES, BRUNA T. ; MOURA, JOÃO A. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; SORGATTI, ANDERSON ; MOURA, EDUARDO S. de ; MARQUES, JOSE R. de O. ; SANTOS, RAFAEL M. dos ; KARAM JUNIOR, DIB. Waste management protocols for Iridium-192 sources production laboratory used in cancer treatment. In: CLEMENT, CHRISTOPHER (Ed.); VALENTIN, JACK (Ed.); OGINO, HARUYUKI (Ed.); FOOTE, DEVON (Ed.); REYJAL, JULIE (Ed.); OMAR-NAZIR, LAILA (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL RADIATION PROTECTION ASSOCIATION, 14th, May 9-13, 2016, Cape Town, South Africa. Abstract... The International Radiation Protection Association, 2016. p. 2038-2038.

    Abstract: Introduction: Brachytherapy is a form of treatment that uses radioactive seeds placed in contact or inside the region to be treated, maximizing the radiation dose inside the targeted areas. Iridium-192 is being used in brachytherapy since 1955. It presents emission energy in the “therapy region” (370keV) and is easily produced in a nuclear reactor (191Ir (n, γ) → 192Ir). Wires are an iridium-platinum alloy with 0.36 mm diameter and they can be cut in any needed length. They can be used in several types of cancer. The linear activity is between 1 mCi/cm (37 MBq/cm) and 4 mCi/cm (148 MBq/cm) with variations of 10% in 50 cm maximum. This activity values classified the treatment and low dose rate (0,4 à 2 Gy/h). The propose of this work is to present a waste management system in a cancer treatment radioactive sources production laboratory. Methodology and Results: The solid waste is previously characterized in the analysis phase. The contaminants are already known and they are insignificant due to their fast half- life. The iridium-192 half-life is 74.2 days, classified as very short half-life waste. The waste activity is adds to 8mCi (2.96x108 Bq) per wire. According to the CNEN-NN 6.08 standard, that presents the discharge levels, the limit is 1 kBq.kg-1 (2.7x10-5 mCi.kg-1). The radioactive waste generated during the I192 wires production has a weakly activity of 9.7 GBq.g-1. According to the standards, this activity is too high to be discarded into the environment. The waste must be managed following the ALARA principal using the R&R (retain e retard) system, that means, temporary storage and posterior discharge. Since every 4 months, maintenance is performed inside the hot cell used for production, the waste must be removed. Using the equation: 𝐴 = 𝐿 λ (1 − 𝑒−λt), the total calculated activity is 1.68 x 1016 Bq and 4.8 g mass at the end of each 4 months period. This amount is stored inside a shielding device that has 212.37 cm3 volume. The waste will take 9.8 years (calculated by 𝐴 = 𝐴0(𝑒−λt)) to decay to the discharge levels. To store 30 devices during 10 years, a space with 6,370 cm3 is necessary. The laboratory has enough space for this storage. Thus, the radioactive waste management can be performed through the R&R (retain and retard) system safely.

    Palavras-Chave: waste management; radioactive materials; radioactive wastes; neoplasms; therapy; iridium 192; radioactive waste management; sealed sources; brachytherapy

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A pesquisa no RD utiliza os recursos de busca da maioria das bases de dados. No entanto algumas dicas podem auxiliar para obter um resultado mais pertinente.

✔ É possível efetuar a busca de um autor ou um termo em todo o RD, por meio do Buscar no Repositório , isto é, o termo solicitado será localizado em qualquer campo do RD. No entanto esse tipo de pesquisa não é recomendada a não ser que se deseje um resultado amplo e generalizado.

✔ A pesquisa apresentará melhor resultado selecionando um dos filtros disponíveis em Navegar

✔ Os filtros disponíveis em Navegar tais como: Coleções, Ano de publicação, Títulos, Assuntos, Autores, Revista, Tipo de publicação são autoexplicativos. O filtro, Autores IPEN apresenta uma relação com os autores vinculados ao IPEN; o ID Autor IPEN diz respeito ao número único de identificação de cada autor constante no RD e sob o qual estão agrupados todos os seus trabalhos independente das variáveis do seu nome; Tipo de acesso diz respeito à acessibilidade do documento, isto é , sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, ID RT apresenta a relação dos relatórios técnicos, restritos para consulta das comunidades indicadas.

A opção Busca avançada utiliza os conectores da lógica boleana, é o melhor recurso para combinar chaves de busca e obter documentos relevantes à sua pesquisa, utilize os filtros apresentados na caixa de seleção para refinar o resultado de busca. Pode-se adicionar vários filtros a uma mesma busca.

Exemplo:

Buscar os artigos apresentados em um evento internacional de 2015, sobre loss of coolant, do autor Maprelian.

Autor: Maprelian

Título: loss of coolant

Tipo de publicação: Texto completo de evento

Ano de publicação: 2015

✔ Para indexação dos documentos é utilizado o Thesaurus do INIS, especializado na área nuclear e utilizado em todos os países membros da International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA , por esse motivo, utilize os termos de busca de assunto em inglês; isto não exclui a busca livre por palavras, apenas o resultado pode não ser tão relevante ou pertinente.

✔ 95% do RD apresenta o texto completo do documento com livre acesso, para aqueles que apresentam o significa que e o documento está sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, solicita-se nesses casos contatar a Biblioteca do IPEN, bibl@ipen.br .

✔ Ao efetuar a busca por um autor o RD apresentará uma relação de todos os trabalhos depositados no RD. No lado direito da tela são apresentados os coautores com o número de trabalhos produzidos em conjunto bem como os assuntos abordados e os respectivos anos de publicação agrupados.

✔ O RD disponibiliza um quadro estatístico de produtividade, onde é possível visualizar o número dos trabalhos agrupados por tipo de coleção, a medida que estão sendo depositados no RD.

✔ Na página inicial nas referências são sinalizados todos os autores IPEN, ao clicar nesse símbolo será aberta uma nova página correspondente à aquele autor – trata-se da página do pesquisador.

✔ Na página do pesquisador, é possível verificar, as variações do nome, a relação de todos os trabalhos com texto completo bem como um quadro resumo numérico; há links para o Currículo Lattes e o Google Acadêmico ( quando esse for informado).

ATENÇÃO!

ESTE TEXTO "AJUDA" ESTÁ SUJEITO A ATUALIZAÇÕES CONSTANTES, A MEDIDA QUE NOVAS FUNCIONALIDADES E RECURSOS DE BUSCA FOREM SENDO DESENVOLVIDOS PELAS EQUIPES DA BIBLIOTECA E DA INFORMÁTICA.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

1. Portaria IPEN-CNEN/SP nº 387, que estabeleceu os princípios que nortearam a criação do RDI, clique aqui.


2. A experiência do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) na criação de um Repositório Digital Institucional – RDI, clique aqui.

O Repositório Digital do IPEN é um equipamento institucional de acesso aberto, criado com o objetivo de reunir, preservar, disponibilizar e conferir maior visibilidade à Produção Científica publicada pelo Instituto, desde sua criação em 1956.

Operando, inicialmente como uma base de dados referencial o Repositório foi disponibilizado na atual plataforma, em junho de 2015. No Repositório está disponível o acesso ao conteúdo digital de artigos de periódicos, eventos, nacionais e internacionais, livros, capítulos, dissertações, teses e relatórios técnicos.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.