Eventos - Resumos: Recent submissions

  • IPEN-DOC 23271

    NUNES, R.M. ; COSTA, D. ; SOUZA, S.B.R. de ; ORTIZ, N. . The comparison of charcoal activation processes to improve methylene blue adsorption for water treatment. In: IWA LEADING EDGE CONFERENCE ON WATER AND WASTEWATER TECHNOLOGIES, 14th, May 29 - June 02, 2017, Florianópolis, SC. Resumo expandido... London, UK: International Water Association, 2017.

    Abstract: A series of charcoal activation processes was performed to absorb and remove methylene blue (MB) from synthetic solutions. The MB adsorption can also promote valuable measurements for charcoal activated processes evaluation. The higher activations efficiencies were obtained using potassium chloride, potassium carbonate and water stream. The activated charcoal removal percentages were 90, 88 and 79 % respectively, the surface coverage degree (Ɵ) 2.87, 5.72 and 6.04 % and surface area of 230.0, 145.0 and 121.9 (m2/mg).

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  • IPEN-DOC 23269

    VILLANI, DANIEL ; MORENO, CAROLINA dos S.; GONCALVES, VINICIUS D.; SAKURABA, ROBERTO K.; CAMPOS, LETICIA L. . Comparison between AAA and ACUROS XB calculation algorithms for VMAT treatment planning of brain multiple metastases using osl dosimetry. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 68-69.

    Abstract: The “Alabama Technique” demonstrates plan quality and provide a practical, systematic approach to the treatment planning technique for single isocenter cranial radiosurgery with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) used in metastatic carcinoma treatments. The Optically Stimulated Luminescence dosimetry has become one of most used techniques for radiation dosimetry now days, especially after the improvement of Landauer’s Luxel™ and creation of Landauer’s Inlight™System, initially for individual monitoring radiation protection, and now it has been tested and validated for radiation therapy dosimetry with good results. This work aims to compare Varian AAA and Acuros XB dose calculation algorithms for treatment planning of multiple brain metastases using “Alabama Technique” with a 3D printed anthropomorphic phantom and the OSL InLightTM system for dosimetric validation. An anthropomorphic skull 3D printed phantom was submitted to a CT scan and planed five target volumes. In order of comparison, two dose calculations were performed in the Varian Eclipse with VMAT planning with "Alabama technique", using the Varian’s AAA and Acuros XB and treatment was delivered with a VARIAN True Beam linear accelerator with Multileaf Collimator HD and 6 MV photon beam were used. Landauer nanoDot dosimeters were positioned inside each of the five target volumes planned and the experimental dosimetric results were compared with the two calculation algorithms. The experimental results using the OSLDs show agreement of 97.26 %, 99.12 %, 99.99 %, 95.94 % % and 98.79 % for the targets 1 to 5 respectively for the ACUROS XB calculated doses.The findings of this work indicate that ACUROS XB calculates more accurate doses compared with AAA, with all the experimental agreements better than 96 %. The intrinsic precision and uncertainty of the InLight system device is sufficient to sustain the dosimetric uncertainties below 2 %, validating the results.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23268

    VALERIANO, C.C.S. ; MORENO, C.S.; CORREA, E.L. ; SAKURABA, R.K.; CAMPOS, L.L. . Equivalence between Solid Water and printed PLA plates for 6 MV clinical photon beam - An assessment using thermoluminescent dosimetry. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 68-68.

    Abstract: Three dimensional models of anatomical structures, produced by rapid prototyping are being adopted for medical application as hemodynamics studies and maxillofacial surgery planning. Models with geometrical accuracy can be achieved using medical images as MRI or CT and produced using polyurethane, polylactic acid and epoxy resins[1]. When a volume of tissue equivalent material is used to simulate an interaction of radiation, this volume is given by the name phantom [2]. Plates with different thickness were printed using a 3D printer using a filament of PLA. As the standard material it was used plates of Solid Water RMI-457. The plates of PLA and Solid Water were irradiated using a Linear Accelarator of 6 MV. For each material were performed irradiations for the same thickness of material, in each of them were used thermoluminescent dosimeters of LiF:Mg,Ti to measure the absorbed dose. This work aims to compare the thermoluminescent (TL) dosimetric behavior of PLA plates printed using a 3D printer and solid water plates in the absorbed dose evaluation using clinical photon beams.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23267

    SOARES, M.R. ; SANTOS, WILLIAM S.; BELINATO, WALMIR; MAIA, ANA F.; CALDAS, LINDA V.E. . Dose estimate for cone beam CT equipment protocols using Monte Carlo simulation in computational adult anthropomorphic phantoms. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 100-101.

    Abstract: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become essential for dental diagnosis in the last decade. The objective of this study was to estimate the effective dose and the absorbed dose in tissue and organ for CBCT protocols intended for dental use. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were used to estimate the effective dose and absorbed dose in tissue / organ suggested by the International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICPR) in its report ICRP-103. Seven different fields of view (FOV) were simulated. Two CBCT equipment were used in this work: i-Cat Classic CBCT and ProMax 3D CBCT. The code used was MCNPX. Anthropomorphic phantoms FASH (Female Adult MeSH) and MASH (Male Adult MeSH) were used. The results were compared with measurements previously obtained, and they were satisfactory. The tissue and organ doses vary for different FOV. The effective dose was in the range 66-111 μSv for the i-Cat Classic CBCT equipment and 68 - 236 μSv for the ProMax 3D equipment. The ProMax 3D equipment presented absorbed doses of at least 34% higher than the i-Cat Classic equipment in all protocols with the same clinical objective image. For both devices, the largest single contribution to the effective dose was from the salivary glands (31%, between 27 – 36 %) and other tissues (36%, between 31 – 39 %). The highest dose range, using the protocols, was shown in the salivary glands and thyroid. For the i-Cat equipment, the conversion factor dose–area product (DAP) was more efficient. For the ProMax 3D equipment the conversion factor kerma was more effective. The effective dose and the dose absorbed in tissues / organs vary according to the FOV exposure parameters and the positioning of the beam relative to the radiosensitive organs. The conversion factors for the equipment used were satisfactory.

    Palavras-Chave: computerized tomography; monte carlo method; dosimetry; phantoms; computerized simulation; irradiation; tomography

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  • IPEN-DOC 23266

    SALES, T.S.N. ; BOSCH-SANTOS, B. ; SAIKI, M. ; PEREIRA, L.F. ; CARBONARI, A.W. ; SAXENA, R.N. ; BURIMOVA, A. . Determination of Si content in Fe-doped HfSiO4 nanoparticles by neutron activation analysis. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 76-77.

    Abstract: New synthesis method of Fe-doped hafnium silicate nanoparticles (NPs) with tetragonal structure is reported. The procedure implies auto-controlled incorporation of Si from the quartz to the iron-doped hafnium oxide NPs. X-ray diffraction data has shown that lattice parameters of Fe-HfSiO4 thus obtained are very close to those previously known for hafnon. It was established that the hafnon-like phase has stabilized at T=1173K which is ~500K lower than the corresponding transition of bare bulk hafnium silicate. The fractions of Si and Fe in the composite matrix were evaluated via neutron activation analysis (NAA). Delayed gamma NAA results allowed to assume that (i) Fe initially substituted Hf in the HfO2 lattice; (ii) there was no migration of iron atoms from Hf to Si sites throughout the formation of hafnon-like phase; (iii) Fe-doped hafnium oxide has taken as much Si from the quartz as was needed for the arrangement of Fe1-x-Hf x SiO4 tetragonal system. Our results are consistent with those observed for similar materials, such as metal (Fe,V) doped zircon, where metal has also demonstrated catalytic effect on phase stabilization.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23265

    ROCHA, FELICIA D.G. ; VILLANI, DANIEL ; CAMPOS, VICENTE de P. de ; NOGUEIRA, MARIA do S.; GOULART, MAURICIO E. ; SICHITO, VALTER; CAMPOS, LETICIA L. . Performance of TL and OSL techniques using CaSO4 and Al2O3 Dosimeters for Mean Glandular Dose (MGD) and Entrance Surface Skin Dose (ESD) determination in a digital mammographic unit as alternative dosimeters. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 62-63.

    Abstract: The mammography is the most important and simple tool in the diagnosis of breast diseases in women. In digital mammography, the process of image acquisition, display and storage are separated which allows optimization of each. Despite the innumerous advantages of this technique, such as an accurate diagnosis for women with dense breast, it was noticed an increase of radiation doses to obtain the images by the new system. As with any examination that includes x-rays, there is always a small stochastic risk of inducing cancer. It is therefore important to evaluate the risk from the dose delivered to the patient during the screening process. The mean glandular dose within the breast is the recommended quantity to evaluate the risk from radiation to the breast. To guarantee proper conditions of protection for patients, the radiation dose should be as low as reasonably achievable possible and simultaneously compatible with image quality requirements. Thus, this work proposes the use of the thermoluminescent (TL) CaSO4:Dy sintered discs, produced at IPEN, widely used in individual, environmental and area monitoring in Brazil, and Al2O3:C optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ‘dot’ dosimeters, manufactured by Landauer® Inc., as application as easy-to-use and low cost alternative dosimeters to evaluate the entrance skin doses (ESD) delivered to patients, the half value layer (HVL) and the mean glandular doses (MGD) in a mammographic digital unit, comparing these two techniques with the results obtained using an All-in-one QC meter. The results obtained demonstrated that the TL and OSL dosimetry systems and the CaSO4 and Al2O3 dosimeters used are able to evaluate the entrance skin dose as well as mean glandular doses in a digital mammographic unit accurately within the requirements, and they can be considered a practical, simple, easy-to-use and low cost tools for verification of these items in a Quality Assurance Program.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23264

    PERINI, ANA P.; SANTOS, WILLIAM S.; NEVES, LUCIO P.; BELINATO, WALMIR; CALDAS, LINDA V.E. . Estimative of conversion coefficients for absorbed and effective doses in pediatric CT examinations in two different PET/CT scanners. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 59-60.

    Abstract: The use of computed tomography (CT) in pediatric patients has grown substantially in recent years. As a result, there is an increase to maintain the radiation doses as low as possible, in order to avoid long-term effects, as cancer. In this work, the radiation doses on radiosensitive organs of pediatric patients undergoing head, chest and abdomen CT examinations, utilizing Monte Carlo simulations, were evaluated. In this sense, a new set of pediatric virtual anthropomorphic phantoms with Monte Carlo simulation was employed to determine the conversion coefficients for absorbed and effective doses. Two CT equipment were simulated, taking into account the main characteristics of those commercially available. The F6 tally (MeV/g) was employed to compute the absorbed organ doses. The obtained results were converted to conversion coefficients for all radiosensitive organs, considering all applied beams. The highest conversion coefficients for effective dose were for the newborn virtual anthropomorphic phantom. Therefore, this work provides a useful tool regarding the risks involving ionizing radiation in pediatric patients, employing a reliable technique.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23263

    OLIVEIRA, LUCAS N. de; NASCIMENTO, ERIBERTO O. do; ANTONIO, PATRICIA L. ; ANDREETA, MARCELLO R.B.; CALDAS, LINDA V.E. . Characterization of lithium diborate, sodium diborate and commercial glass exposed to gamma radiation via linearity analyses. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 57-58.

    Abstract: The linearity characteristic in radiation dosimetry presents a growing interest in medical physics. In this work, the lithium diborate, sodium diborate and commercial glass were irradiated with doses from 10 Gy to 10 kGy using a 60Co Gamma-Cell system 220, and then they were evaluated with the UV-Vis technique. The linearity analyses were applied through four methodologies, which the objetive to find linear regions in their response. The results show that all four analyses indicate linear regions for the studied radiation detectors. The samples with higher linearity range, in descending order, were lithium diborate, sodium diborate and commercial glass. In conclusion, the materials may be promising in dosimetry for intermediate and high doses of radiation.

    Palavras-Chave: borates; lithium compounds; sodium compounds; dosimetry; ultraviolet spectra; visible spectra; dose rates; radiation doses

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  • IPEN-DOC 23262

    NASCIMENTO, ERIBERTO O.; OLIVEIRA, LUCAS N.; CALDAS, LINDA V.E. . Improvement of Sievert Integration Model in brachytherapy via inverse problems and artificial neural networks. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 75-76.

    Abstract: Increasing the radial distance, the accuracy of the Sievert Integration Model (SIM) decreases in a non-linear manner, adding errors up of 10% into the dose rate calculations; a similar fact occurs to the 2D anisotropy function where the errors may achieve 30% as already related. For that reason, this paper sought an innovative approach to optimize the error variance and its biases of dose rate calculations around a Nucletron brachytherapy source of 192Ir from 0 to 10 cm taken in the radial distance, using an improved SIM through a hybrid coupling of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Inverse Problem Theory (IPT). Since the traditional approach relies into the use of a small data set of dose rate, the ANN generalized these doses, making possible to search more broadly optimum parameters to SIM using the IPT. The results showed excellent accuracy evaluated with the Root Mean Square Percentage Error (RMSPE). In conclusion, the low RMSPE values indicate that the methodology is a consistent methodology, showing an excellent agreement with the state of art of dosimetric measurement techniques.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23261

    KUAHARA, LILIAN T. ; CORREA, EDUARDO ; POTIENS, MARIA da P.A. . Influence of the vials radioactive residue in Nuclear Medicine procedure applied to a new “in situ” activimeter calibration methodology. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 65-65.

    Abstract: A safe and efficient Nuclear Medicine Services (NMS) performance depends, among other factors, on a complete quality assurance program, mainly in the case of the activity meters. Many elements may influence this equipment response, being the major errors related to vials characteristics, such as volume and geometry, as presented in other studies [1,2]. Correction factors must be applied in order to avoid patient exposure to excessive doses.However, another aspect that should be taken into account is how much radioactive material is lost during the radioisotope labeling, a process that includes many recipient changes.In this study we present the estimated activity lost during 99mTc labeling process and show how important is to add this value to the total activity measured in a new “in situ” calibration procedure, in which the activity meter is not removed from its place of use. For the radioactive residue determination99mTc labeling procedure was reproduced under laboratorial conditions, resulting in losses of up to 40 %. However greater errors are expected in a NMS. Activity meter calibration using two methodologies: the first consists in a direct comparison between the two systems with the same vial (P6-P6 and 10R-10R), and the second is a comparison made using two different vials (P6-10R), with and without geometry and residual activity corrections. A calibration factor of 0.999 was obtained in the reference situation. The same procedure performed without the application of the necessary correction factors resulted in a variation of almost 3 %, which is high considering the test was made under controlled conditions and less residue was left inside vials. The “in situ” calibration procedure worked well and was important to present the need of correction factors application, including the residue activity measurement.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23260

    FONTES, LADYJANE P. ; POTIENS, MARIA da P.A. ; CORREA, EDUARDO L. . Application of a tandem system for HVL evaluation in computed tomography. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 63-64.

    Abstract: Computed Tomography (CT) is a method of imaging used for diagnosis and diseases treatment. In CT equipment due to its geometry, the determination of the HVL is a difficult task and is usually determined only by the manufacturer. By definition, the energy of a beam is determined by the value of HVL. When HVL values are not easily determined, as in the case of CT, it is possible to evaluate the effective energy of the beam through a system consisting of the use of different energy dependent dosimeters, where the ratio between the calibration curve responses in Energy can provide the effective energy of the beam (Tandem System). The application of this system was proposed by Kenney and Cameron1 and Gorbics and Attix2 that used thermoluminescent materials to determine energy of gamma and X radiation. In 2004, Maia3 studied the application of a Tandem System obtained through a set formed by an ionization chamber of the Type pencils and cylindrical absorber sleeves made of aluminum, PMMA and copper, as a non-invasive method for the determination of HVL values in computed tomography beams. Although the proposed Tandem System initially consists of two dosimeters with different energetic dependencies, the sets formed by the ionization chamber and the cylindrical absorber layers of different materials can also be considered a Tandem System. Taking as a reference the System built by Maia3, a Tandem System was developed at the Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), formed by cylindrical absorber layers of aluminum and PMMA. The thickness of the aluminum layers was chosen from the HVL values of the standard RQT beams, implemented in 2010 by Dias4 in IPEN's Instrument Calibration Laboratory (LCI).

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  • IPEN-DOC 23259

    CORREA, E.L. ; BOSCH-SANTOS, B. ; SAIKI, M. ; NASCIMENTO, N.M. ; EFFENBERGER, F.B.; CARBONARI, A.W. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. . Determination of gadolinium and erbium in Gd2O3 and Er2O3 nanoparticle samples by neutron activation analysis. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 27-28.

    Abstract: Along these years the applications of nanoparticles (NPs) in medicine as radiosensitizers have been widely studied, so several methods for its syntheses are presented. One of the best synthesis methods for this application is by thermal decomposition, which produces small NPs size (3-5 nm) with a narrow size distribution. On the other hand NPs synthetized by this method are covered by an organic material, hence making their mass measurement impossible by conventional means. In this study neutron activation analysis (NAA) was applied to determine Gd and Er concentrations in their NP oxides. The analysis of NPs composition is not commonly carried out. However these determinations are of great importance when the NPs are used in radiosensitization tests and magnetization measurements. NPs were synthetized by the method of thermal decomposition, which consisted in adding and mixing Gd and Er acetate in an organic solution by stirring and heating at high temperature (about 573 K) for about six hours. After cooling at room temperature the solution was centrifuged to obtain the NPs that were separated from the liquid. For NAA about 5 mg of post-synthesis and 873 K annealed samples of Gd2O3-NP and Er2O3-NP were irradiated together with their respective element standard. One-minute irradiations were carried out at the IEA-R1 research nuclear reactor. Element concentrations were determined by measuring 159Gd and 171Er gamma ray activities (energy of 363.56 keV and 308.3 keV respectively). Concentration of (19.88 ± 0.43) % of Gd and (23.53 ± 0.82) % of Er were obtained in the Gd2O3-NP and Er2O3-NP samples, respectively. These results are useful and have been used to establish experimental conditions for NPs magnetization and irradiation in radiotherapy beams for dose enhancement factor determination.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23258

    CORREA, E.L. ; BOSCH-SANTOS, B. ; PEREIRA, L.F.D. ; CARBONARI, A.W. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. . 60Co irradiation effects in Gd2O3 and Er2O3 nanoparticles. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 13-14.

    Abstract: Enhanced radiosensitization in tissues using high-Z materials has been observed since 80’s, and the application of nanoparticles (NPs) for this purpose has been widely studied in the past years. NPs use in radiotherapy procedures implies to submit them to high dose radiation beams which might cause damage to these particles resulting in the release of toxic material to the biological environment. In order to verify radiation effect in Gd2O3 and Er2O3 NPs doses from 3 Gy to 20 Gy produced by a 60Co source were tested. The study with X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed, for Gd2O3-NP samples, a change in peaks positions featuring a decrease in the lattice parameter as function of dose increase up to 5 Gy. From this point lattice parameter presented no significant change. For Er2O3-NP the lattice parameters do not present a behavior in function of dose. A peak change can be noticed for samples irradiated with 5 Gy and 20 Gy, and samples irradiated with 3 Gy, 7 Gy and no irradiated presented no significant peak displacement. Perturbed angular correlation (PAC) gamma-gamma spectroscopy was performed using 111In(111Cd) as probe nuclei. Despite non-symmetric site C parameters presented no substantial change results showed a slight variation of eta parameter for the symmetric site D for both samples, which may indicate a distortion at that site caused by the radiation. This study showed that radiation doses used in radiotherapy procedures may cause damage to nanoparticles structures. However, this damage is not great enough to break the nanoparticle and liberate toxic Gd3+ or Er3+ into patient organism.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23257

    BOSCH-SANTOS, B. ; SAIKI, M. ; NASCIMENTO, N.M. ; SILVA, D.S. ; SALES, T.S.N. ; PEREIRA, L.F.D. ; CARBONARI, A.W. . A study on possible gamma ray interferences from 60mCo, 139Ba and 56Mn formed in the direct thermal neutron irradiation of LaBaCo2O6 e LaBaMn2O6 perovskites to produce 140La(140Ce) probe nuclei for PAC spectroscopy. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 27-27.

    Abstract: In this work, a method to introduce radioactive 140La nuclei with a half-life (t1/2) of 40.8 h, into samples of LaBaTM2O6 (TM = Mn, Co) double perovskites is described to carry out perturbed gamma-gamma angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy measurements using 140La(140Ce) as probe nuclei. There are several methods to insert this probe nucleus in the samples and the present paper presents a new methodology to obtain the 140La(140Ce) in the compounds. These compounds were submitted to short irradiations with thermal neutrons in the rabbit station of IEA-R1 nuclear reactor of the IPEN/CNEN-SP. This method could be used because natural La is present in samples. Natural La contains the 139La isotope which, when irradiated with neutrons produces the 140La radioisotope, the parent radioisotope of 140Ce used for PAC measurements. However, other elements present in the compounds are also activated, in particular the isotopes 56Mn, 139Ba and 60mCo. In order to verify if these radioisotopes are presents in the PAC measurements, the gamma ray spectra of these irradiated samples can be measured at different decays times using a high resolution HPGe spectrometer. Samples were irradiated with thermal neutrons for 3 minutes. After short irradiation, the gamma ray spectra were acquired, one hour, 18 h, 24 h and 48 h after irradiation. The gamma ray energies of 328.8 keV and 487.0 keV of 140La (measured in the PAC spectroscopy) can be identified. Besides this, gamma-rays peaks of 56Mn (Eγ of 847.3 and 1812.9 keV and t1/2 of 2.57 h), 139Ba (Eγ of 166.04 keV and t1/2 of 84.63 min) and 60mCo (Eγ of 58.75 and 1333.30 keV and t1/2 of 10.47 min) are identified too. The results indicate that PAC measurements can be started after at least 48 h of decay time when there is in interference of other radioisotopes.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23256

    ANTONIO, PATRICIA L. ; OLIVEIRA, RAQUEL A.P.; KHOURY, HELEN J.; CALDAS, LINDA V.E. . Evaluation of the thermally and optically stimulated response of as Italian Silicate irradiated in 60Co beams. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 58-59.

    Abstract: In this work, pellets were manufactured in a proportion of 2:1 of powdered samples of Obsidian black:Teflon (dimensions of 6.0 mm in diameter and 0.8 mm in thickness). The pellets were irradiated using a Gamma-Cell 220 System, model 200, Atomic Energy of Canada LTD (60Co). The TL and OSL responses were analyzed using the reader system composed by the TL/OSL meter Risø, model TL/OSL-DA-20, and the TSEE response was obtained using a homemade reader system developed at the Calibration Laboratory, at IPEN. After the TL, OSL and TSEE measurements, the pellets were thermally treated at 400 °C during 1 h, for reutilization. The physical and chemical characterization of powdered Obsidian was also investigated using the X-ray diffraction, XRD (using a diffractometer Equinox 1000, Inel), scanning electron microscope, SEM, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EDX (the last two using a scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray microanalyser Vega 3 SEM, Tescon) techniques. The results proved, basically, that Obsidian is a natural glass and composed mainly of silica (82.4%). The TL glow curve revealed a dosimetric peak at the temperature of 220 °C, and the TSEE emission curve showed a peak at about 300 °C. The results obtained in the reproducibility of response test were: 2.9% (TL), 3.0% (TSEE) and 3.1% (OSL). The lower detection limits were: 48.1 Gy (TL), 18.1 Gy (TSEE) and 79.3 Gy (OSL). The dose-response curves showed, in the case of TL, a supralinearity behavior between only 500 Gy and 2 kGy with a following saturation of the response. For the TSEE response, a sublinearity was seen with a following saturation of the response. For the OSL technique, linearity could be observed in the interval from 500 Gy to 2 kGy and then a tendency to saturation.

    Palavras-Chave: tektites; luminescence; radiation doses; dosimetry; gamma radiation; beams; cobalt 60

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  • IPEN-DOC 23255

    ALMEIDA, SHIRLANE B. de ; CAMPOS, LETICIA L. ; SAKURABA, ROBERTO K.; REZENDE, ANA C.P. de. Comparative study of the TL response of LiF:Mg,Ti and CaSO4:Dy in the clinical electron beams dosimetry applied to total skin irradiation – TSI treatments. In: INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL MEETING ON INDUSTRIAL RADIATION AND RADIOISOTOPE MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS, 10th, July 09-13, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA. Abstract... 2017. p. 57-57.

    Abstract: Dose verification in the patient has become an important part of quality radiotherapy programs in the departments. The thermoluminescent dosimeters have become essential for the determination of the dose applied to the patient; these detectors present a great accuracy and precision in the measurements, thus enabling the detection of various types of errors in the dosing process. High energy electron beams (> 5 MeV) have wide use in the medical field mainly in the treatment of various types of cancer, or in the irradiation of all skin - TSI. TSI dosimetry is difficult because of the complexity of the treatment in assessing dose uniformity and measuring the absorbed dose at shallow depths throughout the cutaneous surface area, resulting in wide variation in the dose distribution. TLDs have proven to be very useful for the distribution and verification of the dose prescribed for the patient, since the dose may differ from place to place due to the geometry of the patient's body, overlapping of structures and asymmetries of the radiation field. In this work the results obtained from the comparative study and the performance of the LiF:Mg,Ti and CaSO4:Dy detectors used in the clinical electron beams dosimetry applied to total irradiation of the skin treatment are presented. Other factors were analyzed in this study such as the homogeneity of the field and the dose at the calibration point (ZRef), where the detectors were located in the regions anterior, posterior, right anterior oblique, right posterior oblique and right side.

    Palavras-Chave: lithium fluorides; thermoluminescence; thermoluminescent dosimetry; skin; calcium sulfates; dysprosium; dosimetry

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  • IPEN-DOC 23254

    TATUMI, SONIA H.; TUDELA, DIEGO R.G.; HAZENFRATZ, ROBERTO ; YEE, MARCIO; MITTANI, JUAN C.R.; MUNITA, CASIMIRO S. ; SILVA, RODRIGO P. da. Análise arqueométrica de um tijolo do período neobabilônico. In: SIMPÓSIO DE DATAÇÃO POR MÉTODOS FÍSICOS, 2. - APLICAÇÕES EM ARQUEOLOGIA E GEOCIÊNCIAS, 14-17 de fevereiro, 2017, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... 2017. p. 25-25.

    Abstract: Um estudo sistemático foi efetuado em um tijolo de argila, com caracteres cuneiformes formando uma sentença completa, para determinar sua composição mineralógica, bem como os elementos maiores e traços presentes na peça através das técnicas de Difração de Raios X (DRX) e Análise por Ativação de Nêutrons Instrumental (AANI). Além disso a sua Idade foi determinada por Termoluminescência (TL) com o objetivo de avaliar se a amostra é arqueológica ou contemporânea. Estudos tipológicos de acordo com registros históricos sugerem que o tijolo foi fabricado no século VI a.C., durante a dinastia de Nabucodonosor o grande rei da Babilônia. Os resultados de DRX mostraram que o tijolo é constituído de cristais de quartzo, calcita, fluorita e pentlandita (Fe+2 4.5Ni4.5S8) e ralstonita (Na0.5(Al,Mg)(F,OH)6 . H2O). A presença da calcita na amostra indica que a temperatura de queima foi menor que 850 oC. Os estudos de TL, utilizando os cristas de quartzo, mostraram uma emissão TL com 5 picos, que foram ajustados teoricamente através de um processo de deconvolução (Computerized glow curve deconvolution analysis – CGCDA, Afrouxenidis et al, 2012), a dose equivalente De= (6,13􀵇 0,06)Gy foi encontrada através do método de regeneração total. A dose anual DA= (2,6 􀵇􀍲􀇡􀍵􁈻􀀃􀝉􀜩􀝕􀈀􀜽􀝊􀝋􀀃 foi determinada através dos teores de radioisótopos encontrados por AANI, U=2,3􀵇 0,1 ug/g, Th= 6,1􀵇0,4 ug/g e K=1,4􀵇􀍲􀇡􀍳 %. Utilizando esses valores foi encontrada a Idade de (2350 ± 40) anos para a amostra. Nosso estudo mostrou que esta Idade está de acordo com amostras de terracotas Tanagra da coleção do Museu Louvre de (2300 ± 400)anos. De fato, a Ruína Babilônica da Crônica de Esagila é um dos textos historiográficos da antiga Babilônia, que descreve na época da Monarquia Seleucida (268 AC), uma tentativa de reconstruir os templos da cidade que, de acordo com a linha 10 'IZI ŠUB = miqitti išâti, literalmente "queda de fogo". Concluímos que os modelos de idades foram aplicados com sucesso.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23253

    SANTOS, JOSE O. dos; MUNITA, CASIMIRO S. . Contribuição da Análise por Ativação com Nêutrons Instrumental (AANI) para datações arqueológicas de cerâmicas de Sergipe. In: SIMPÓSIO DE DATAÇÃO POR MÉTODOS FÍSICOS, 2. - APLICAÇÕES EM ARQUEOLOGIA E GEOCIÊNCIAS, 14-17 de fevereiro, 2017, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... 2017. p. 17-17.

    Abstract: Os métodos de datação arqueológica com base em fenômenos luminescentes e correlatos têm sido utilizados intensamente para determinação das idades de materiais inorgânicos, tais como cerâmicas arqueológicas. Esses métodos requerem as determinações de dois fatores: Dose Acumulada, que corresponde à dose de radiação absorvida ao longo dos anos, e a taxa anual de irradiação natural do ambiente onde foram localizados os restos arqueológicos. A Análise por Ativação com Nêutrons Instrumental (AANI), associada a espectrometria gama, constituí uma importante técnica para obtenção da taxa anual de radiação, como base nas concentrações dos isótopos radioativos, em especial nas concentrações de Th, U, K e Rb. Dentro dessa perspectiva, esse trabalho objetiva determinar as taxas naturais de radiação com base na AANI, bem com discutir as incertezas associadas à determinações dessas taxas, de um sítio arqueológico localizado no Baixo São Francisco – Sergipe. Para essa finalidade, amostras de sedimentos do sítio arqueológico ceramista Barracão foram coletadas, e as concentrações de Th, U, K e Rb foram obtidas por AANI. As amostras foram pulverizadas e secas a 105°C por 24 h, em seguida, cerca de 100 mg foram envelopadas em polietileno e empacotados em folha de alumínio para irradiação no reator de pesquisa IEA-R1, sob um fluxo térmico próximo de 5 1012 nêutrons cm-2 s-1, durante 8 h. A Espectrometria Gama foi realizada por meio de um detector de Ge (hiperpuro), cuja resolução é de 1,90 keV no pico de 1332,49 keV do 60Co, acoplado com um módulo Canberra S – 100 MCA, constituído de 8192 canais. As medidas foram realizadas com tempos de resfriamentos de 7 dias para obtenção do K e 30 dias para obtenção de U, Th e Rb. As medias dos elementos U, Th, Rb, e K foram 3,71± 0,48 ppm, 12,83 ± 2,35 ppm, 77,82 ± 12,68 and 2,45 ± 0,29, respectivamente. Com base nos resultados das concentrações dos radioelementos, e considerando uma contribuição da radiação cósmica de 250 μGy/ano, obteve-se taxa anual média de 2,89 ± 0,33 mGy.ano-1. Dessa forma, a AANI tem contribuído para datações de cerâmicas arqueológicas encontradas na região do Baixo São Francisco, Sergipe, colaborando no processo de reconstrução do contexto arqueológico de comunidade ceramistas do Nordeste brasileiro.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23252

    TUDELA, DIEGO R.G.; TATUMI, SONIA H.; ROCCA, RENE R.; MUNITA, CASIMIRO S. . O protocolo SAR aplicado em duas variedades de quartzo brasileiro. In: SIMPÓSIO DE DATAÇÃO POR MÉTODOS FÍSICOS, 2. - APLICAÇÕES EM ARQUEOLOGIA E GEOCIÊNCIAS, 14-17 de fevereiro, 2017, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... 2017. p. 16-16.

    Abstract: Os sedimentos utilizados nas datações luminescentes são amplamente encontrados em terraços marinhos e fluviais, falésias, dunas e etc. Esses sedimentos, no entanto, são formados pelos mais diversos tipos de quartzo que, geralmente, são diferenciados pela coloração que apresentam. Tais colorações são devidas às impurezas e defeitos que estão presentes na estrutura cristalina de cada espécime de quartzo. Sabendo disso, esse trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a emissão de LOE do quartzo verde e monocristalino através da obtenção da dose equivalente (De) utilizando o protocolo de regeneração de uma alíquota (Single Aliquot Regeneration – SAR). Este protocolo vem sendo usado, continuamente, no método de datação por Luminescência Opticamente Estimulada (LOE). Inicialmente, foram simuladas doses “natural acumulada” nas amostras irradiando-as com doses pré-determinadas de 3,3 Gy, 26,7 Gy, 40,0 Gy e 53,4 Gy. A seguir os valores de De foram obtidos utilizando o protocolo SAR com diversas temperaturas de tratamento térmico, aplicados após as doses regenerativas (160°C a 260°C com incremento do 10°C). Esses espécimes foram escolhidos para esse estudo, pois medidas iniciais de DRX comprovaram que ambos são quartzos puros e os resultados de Análise por Ativação com Nêutrons Instrumental (AANI) mostraram uma grande distinção nos tipos e quantidades de impurezas nesses cristais, sendo o monocristalino, praticamente, puro ao passo que o verde possui grande quantidade de impurezas. Os melhores resultados da De para cada valor de dose natural para o quartzo verde foram, respectivamente: 3,17±0,6 Gy, 27,5±1,6 Gy, 42,9±2,3 Gy e 54,2±2,4 Gy. O quartzo monocristalino, por sua vez, apresentou saturação em baixas doses e extinção do sinal de LOE em, quase, todos os valores de dose natural e regenerativa nas diversas temperaturas de tratamento térmico. Apenas alguns valores de De foram possíveis de se determinar, porém, muito diferentes dos esperados. Também foi observado o efeito de fototransferência nos resultados de LOE contínua (CW-LOE) e linearmente modulada (LM-LOE) deste quartzo. Podemos concluir que, embora, os dois espécimes de cristais sejam quartzo, estes são bem distintos entre si. O quartzo verde apresentou resultados reprodutivos e com boa acurácia. Contudo, o monocristalino foi o extremo oposto do ótimo resultado do verde. Essa diferença no comportamento luminescente, observada entre os dois espécimes, nos sugere que o principal responsável deve ser a presença das impurezas.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23251

    WETTER, N.U. ; GIEHL, J.M. ; BUTZBACH, F. ; ANACLETO, D. ; SIMONE, G. de ; JIMENEZ-VILLAR, E. . Optimized grain size distributions for maximum efficiency in neodymium doped powder random lasers. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NANOPHOTONICS, 10th, July 02-05, 2017, Recife, PE. Abstract... 2017. p. 3-3.

    Abstract: We show that polydispersed powders can have much higher random laser output power and efficiency than monodispersed powders. A more than 50% slope efficiency is achieved by using highly doped Nd:YVO4 powders composed of average grains size of 50 μm and 10% volume fraction of grains below 1 μm. We demonstrate that the smaller particles, trapped between large particles, serve as gain centers whereas the large particles control the light diffusion into the sample. A detailed light diffusion analysis of the samples explains the observed differences.

    Palavras-Chave: doped materials; neodymium; powders; lasers; neodymium lasers; randomness; backscattering; grain size

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  • IPEN-DOC 23250

    SILVA, T.F.A. da ; COSTA, C.H. ; VIANNA JUNIOR, A.S.; ROSSI, W. de ; MAZZOCCHI, V.L. ; BALDOCHI, S.L. . Study of different production processes of doped rare earth fluorides nanoparticles: co-precipitation and microfluidics. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NANOPHOTONICS, 10th, July 02-05, 2017, Recife, PE. Abstract... 2017. p. 51-51.

    Abstract: Recently, rare earth doped nanocrystals received great attention due to their application in high-resolution panels, integrated optical systems and biological labeling. For efficient application of such materials, it is important that they can be produced in a reproducible way. The controlled synthesis of nanoparticles with uniform size, shape, structure and rare earth doping became of fundamental importance once the final properties are directly related to these parameters [1]. The NaYF4 is a very efficient host matrix for trivalent rare earth ions such as Yb/Er and Yb/Tm for upconversion systems. This fluoride crystallize in different dimensions and shapes in both its cubic and hexagonal phases. There are several synthetic processes already reported in the literature for production of this material, involving different chemical routes and processing from organic and inorganic compounds, however, the reproducibility of these processes are not always achieved. The objective of this work is to study different process for preparation of NaYF4:Yb:Er up conversion fluorides nanoparticles aiming a reproducible form to obtain these nanocrystals with well-defined size, shape and structure targeting biological and medical applications. Two production process are under study: (1) NaYF4 co-doped with Yb3+/Er3+ obtained by co-precipitation with different fluorinating compounds and, (2) NaYF4 co-doped with Yb3+/Er3+ obtained by micro-flow reaction using a microchannel and a micro capillary system. The microfluidic circuit was designed and fabricated at the Center for Lasers and Applications at IPEN. The micro capillary system was a commercial Asia flow chemistry modules from Syrris Co. Rietveld analysis of X-ray data showed that NaYF4:10%Yb3+/0,5%Er3+ were obtained by the coprecipitation method with cubic phase, presenting crystallite size in the range of 70 nm (Fig 1a). Routes using different fluorine sources were tested, and the best results were obtained from the addition of a NaF excess in the starting compounds. Before the study of the synthesis process, the ideal microchannel architecture for the flow chemical reactions has to be defined. The microfluidic system designed at IPEN (Fig1b.) is a two-stage microfluidic reactor: in the first stage, the product stream (NaF solution) is combined with the second precursor stream (RECl3 solution, were RE = rare earth). In the second stage the compounds flow through a heated zone (temperature range of 70 - 100ºC). The main compounds are guided through the system with two syringes, with flow controlled by the applied pressure (electronic controlled). Preliminary experiments are under way to analyze injection flow rates of the components, aiming to define the residence rate and temperature for desired nanoparticles production. With the Asia flow chemistry modules different experiments were performed with flows in the range of 100 – 600 μL/min, for NaF and RECl3 solutions, at temperature of 125°C. No chemical reaction were observed between fluorides and the microcircuit materials. The obtained material are under characterization to determine the efficiency of the experimental conditions adopted, in the size and phase of obtained NCs. Other experiments are in progress.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23249

    SILVA, DANILO A.A. da ; WETTER, NIKLAUS U. ; SIMONE, GIORDANO B.C. de . Dependency of absorbed light in powders of Nd3+:YVO4 with different grain sizes and applied pressure. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NANOPHOTONICS, 10th, July 02-05, 2017, Recife, PE. Abstract... 2017. p. 8-8.

    Abstract: This work explores the relation between the absorption and reflectivity of several powders of Nd3+:YVO4 with different grain sizes. To do that, this powder was analyzed in a spectrometer with a calibrated integrating sphere. With that we obtained the reflectivity curve of the samples and calculated the ratio between the maximum of reflectivity and the maximum of absorption, which result in smaller grains absorbing more light.

    Palavras-Chave: doped materials; neodymium ions; yttrium; vanadates; grain size; radiation absorption analysis; lasers; powders

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  • IPEN-DOC 23248

    RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Nanoparticle-based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NANOPHOTONICS, 10th, July 02-05, 2017, Recife, PE. Abstract... 2017. p. 4-4.

    Abstract: The global concern about antibiotic resistance has created a strong demand for new methods of therapy. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) particularly presents mechanisms that lead to the lack of microbial resistance development as well as promising results against infections colonized by drug-resistant pathogens. APDT represents a therapeutic modality that involves the combination of a photosensitizing drug (PS) with luminous radiation of appropriate wavelength and molecular oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can inactivate microbial cells by oxidative stress. Reports in literature have confirmed its efficacy against pathogenic yeast, parasites, viruses, algae and bacteria [1]. Depending on parameters APDT is able to surpass the antioxidant defenses of cells and initiate a process of cellular death via different pathways [2]. However, the APDT outcome may be limited due to the difficulty in administering the PS in a biological system, which compromises the clinical use of several molecules. Thus, nanotechnology is an interesting approach for APDT mainly because nanoparticles (NP) can be structured to increase PS concentration at the target and reduce toxic effects to normal tissue and cells. Different types of NP (organic and inorganic) such as metallic (silver and gold NP), crystalline (up conversion- rare earth doped), superparamagnetic (SPION, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle), and semiconductor (quantum dots) have been described for use in APDT with distinct interactions between NP and PS [3]. Depending on interaction, NP can be active (NP acts as PS) or passive. Four interactions are described by literature [4] (Figure 1): i) the PS is surrounded by a polymeric NP. In this case, nanoparticles are loaded with PS and are used as carriers to deliver the PS into the target; ii) the PS is bound to the NP surface. In this case, the new PS presents better properties compared to original PS; iii) the PS is accompanied by NP. In this case, nanoparticles are used to enhance the photodynamic effect. Metallic NP (gold and silver) and quantum-dots have been reported to enhance APDT; iv) the NP acts as the PS. In this case, NP is itself photoactive and able to generate ROS. “Fig.1. Illustrative representation of the interaction between nanoparticles and photosensitizers to improve APDT [5]” Given the remarkable extensiveness of NP-based APDT applications, the significant promise of this therapeutic approach has a potential to revolutionize health care. In this talk we will discuss recent advances in this area.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23247

    RABELO, J.S. ; ANA, P.A.; MAZZOCCHI, V.L. ; VALERIO, M.E.G.; ZEZELL, D.M. . FTIR and XRD characterization of heat effect on nanostructured synthetic hydroxyapatite and dental enamel. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NANOPHOTONICS, 10th, July 02-05, 2017, Recife, PE. Abstract... 2017. p. 55-55.

    Abstract: Nanometer sized HAP and dental enamel powders were evaluated regarding changes in their degree of crystallinity and composition after oven or Er,Cr:YSGG laser heating. Decrease of the Ca/P ratio to levels close to the theoretical ones for both synthetic nano-HAp and for the enamel was measured. Laser irradiation caused considerable decrease in the amount of carbonate in the materials heated to high temperatures, but without changes in crystallographic phase.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23246

    JIMENEZ-VILLAR, ERNESTO; WETTER, NIKLAUS U. ; MESTRE, VALDECI; SA, GILBERTO F. de. Laser action at the critical regime of localization. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NANOPHOTONICS, 10th, July 02-05, 2017, Recife, PE. Abstract... 2017. p. 4-4.

    Abstract: This paper studies the random lasing at the critical regime of localization. A strongly disordered optical medium composed of core-shell nanoparticles (TiO2@Silica) suspended in ethanol solution of Rhodamine 6G conform the random laser material. Narrow peaks of approximately equal intensity are observed on top of the classical super-fluorescence band of random laser, indicating suppression of the interaction between the peaks modes (localized modes). The linewidth of these peaks is lower than that of the passive modes of the scattering medium. The classical super-fluorescence band of the random laser was measured separately by collecting the emission at the back of the samples, showing a linear dependence with pumping fluence without gain depletion. However, frontal emission of the random laser showed saturation.

    Palavras-Chave: randomness; lasers; rhodamines; nanoparticles; silica; titanium oxides; emission spectra

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  • IPEN-DOC 23245

    CORDEIRO, THIAGO da S. ; MATOS, RICARDO A. de; VIEIRA JUNIOR, NILSON D. ; COURROL, LILIA C.; ROSSI, WAGNER de ; SAMAD, RICARDO E. . Using lasers, genetic algorithms and microfluidic devices to modify silver nanoparticles. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NANOPHOTONICS, 10th, July 02-05, 2017, Recife, PE. Abstract... 2017. p. 32-32.

    Abstract: This work presents a technique to control silver nanoparticles dimensions using a femtosecond laser, a microfluidic device and a genetic algorithm. The importance of this technique is related to its interdisciplinarity and potential to actively control the nanoparticles dimensions and geometries.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23244

    CABRAL, F.V. ; PELEGRINO, M.T.; SEABRA, A.B.; RIBEIRO, M.S. . No releasing chitosan nanoparticles associated to photodynamic therapy for Leishmania amazonensis inactivation. An in vivo study. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NANOPHOTONICS, 10th, July 02-05, 2017, Recife, PE. Abstract... 2017. p. 17-17.

    Abstract: 1. Introduction Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a chronic disease developed by parasites of the genus Leishmania that promotes destructive and ulcerated lesions. The available treatments are limited because of side effects, resistance and toxicity. Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (NO) are potentially toxic to these parasites. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) involves the generation of oxidative stress and has been explored as an alternative treatment once it is less expensive and no reports about resistance have been described.1,2 Additionally, several studies indicate that the administration of exogenous NO donors represents an interesting strategy against CL.3 The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of methylene blue (MB)-mediated PDI in association with encapsulated NO donors (S-nitroso-MSA) in chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) on Leishmania amazonensis-induced CL in mice using real time bioluminescence. 2. Study design Promastigotes of L. (L) amazonensis transgenic line expressing luciferase were used. Sixteen BALB/c mice were infected in the left hind footpad with 1.106 promastigotes. After 4 weeks, mice were randomly assigned to experimental groups (n=4): Control (non-treated), PDI (treated only with PDI), PDI+CSNP (submitted to PDI and S-nitroso-MSA-CSNPs) and CSNP (treated only with S-nitroso-MSA-CSNPs). PDI was administered in two sessions separated by 24 h and CSNPs (80 μM) were applied immediately after the second PDI session. PDI was performed using a red LED (λ= 660 ± 22 nm), MB (100 μM), fluence rate of 100 mW/cm2 and fluence of 150 J/cm². Parasite load was analyzed through luciferase detection by bioimaging in the first 96 h following treatment and every week during 4 weeks. Statistically significant differences were considered when p < 0.05. 3.Results Test groups presented significant reduction in parasite load compared to control during all experimental period. Twenty-four h after treatments, parasite burden was lower for PDI+CSNP group but no statistically significant difference was observed when compared to other test groups. After 48 h all test groups were similar. Seven, 14 and 21 days after treatments despite lower parasite load in test groups than control, no statistically significant differences were observed. However, following 30 days test groups presented significant decrease in parasite l compared to untreated animals (Figure 1). Figure 2 displays the clinical aspect of L. amazomensis-induced lesions 30 days post treatments. We can notice that PDI only is able to delay ulceration. On the other hand, CSNP-treated footpads remain swelled. Both treatments show ulcerated and swelled footpads. 4. Conclusion Under conditions used in this study, we conclude that CSNPs were not able to enhance MB-mediated PDI efficiency in L. (L) amazonensis-induced CL in mice.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23242

    CABRAL, FERNANDA V. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; SAUTER, ISMAEL P.; VELIZ, MAURO J.C.. Comparison of protocols in methylene blue-mediated photodynamic inactivation on cutaneous leishmaniasis in a murine model using real time bioluminescence. In: WORLD CONGRESS ON LEISHMANIASIS, 6th, May 16-20, 2017, Toledo, Spain. Abstract... 2017. p. 749-749.

    Abstract: 1 Background Leishmaniasis is a chronic disease developed by parasites of the genus Leishmania. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has several different forms including destructive and ulcerated lesions. The available treatments are limited because of side effects, resistance and toxicity. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been explored as an alternative treatment once it is less expensive and no reports about resistance have been described. The aim of this work was to evaluate two protocols of methylene blue (MB)-mediated PDT on CL induced in mice using real time bioluminescence. In addition, we monitored lesion size progression and hyperalgesia. 2 Methods Promastigotes of L. (L) amazonensis transgenic line expressing luciferase were used. Twelve BALB/c mice were infected in the left footpad with 1.106 promastigotes. After 4 weeks, mice were randomly assigned to experimental groups (n=4): Control (non-treated), G1 and G2 submitted to one and two PDT sessions, respectively. The second session was performed 24h after the first. PDT was performed using a red LED (λ= 660±22 nm), MB (100μM) and 150J/cm² fluence. Disease progression was evaluated once a week by measuring lesion size with a caliper and hyperalgesia with von Frey filaments. Parasite burden was evaluated through luciferase detection by bioimaging, every day, in the first 96h and then for the next 4 weeks. Prior to imaging, mice received 75mg/kg luciferin, intraperitoneally. Results were quantified with proper software, expressing the number of photons/s/cm2. Statistically significant differences were considered when p<0.05. 3 Results Statistically significant lesion size reduction was observed after 2 weeks post PDT compared to G1 and control groups. In 4 weeks, G2 demonstrated to be clinically more effective and no ulcer signs were detected. Hyperalgesia revealed a positive outcome after 2 weeks, with 50% nociceptive stimulus decrease. In 3 weeks there was a 75% reduction in G2, suggesting that 2 sessions were more efficient. Parasite burden was lower in the first 24h and 72h in both treated groups. Besides, G2 demonstrated statistically significant parasite burden reduction 96h after PDT compared to control. 4 Conclusions The present study demonstrated that PDT reduced lesion size and hyperalgesia in BALB/c mice, suggesting that therapy probably influenced the inflammatory process. However, further studies are required to deep understanding about PDT mechanisms in cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23241

    SABINO, C.P.; RIBEIRO, M.S. ; BAPTISTA, M.S.; LINCOPAN, N.. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy challenges microbial drug-resistance. In: ASM Microbe, June 1-5, 2017, New Orleans, LA, USA. Abstract... 2017.

    Abstract: Background: The rising challenge of microbial resistance to chemotherapy demands immediate implementation of global policies and therapeutic alternatives. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) combines the administration of a photosensitizer (PS) compound with low-intensity monochromatic light to induce photochemical reactions that yield high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Since some PS molecular frameworks can be selectively incorporated by pathogens and ROS react with virtually all biomolecules, APDT offers a powerful strategy to challenge microbial resistance of local infections. Methods: In this study we assayed the APDT efficacy, using methylene blue (MB) as PS and red light provided by LED, against planktonic suspensions of high-risk representative fungal and bacterial species. The species tested include A. baumannii (OXA-23 and 143), E. aerogenes (NDM-1), E. faecalis (VAN-B), E. faecium (VAN-A), E. coli (MCR-1, CTX-M8 and 15), K. pneumoniae (KPC-2, IMP-1, OXA-48), S. aureus (MRSA, VISA), P. aeruginosa (VIM-1, SPM-1, GES-5), C. albicans and C. neoformans. For all species, we tested standard control strains compared to azole-resistant yeast, or bacteria resistant to nearly all commercially available antimicrobials, in attempt to observe any cross-resistance in between APDT and standard chemotherapy. Results: More than 5log10 reduction was observed within less than a minute of illumination for non-capsulated bacteria and within less than 5 minutes for yeast and capsulated bacteria. Regardless of resistance phenotype MB-APDT presented species-specific dose-response kinetics suggesting that similar therapeutic protocols may bring successful outcomes in clinical practice. Conclusions: Our study proposes that MB-APDT can efficiently inactivate a broad-spectrum of drug-resistant microorganisms and impair drug-resistance genes selection and dissemination.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23240

    SOUSA, THAINA S. ; JACOVONE, RAYNARA M.S. ; SOARES, JAQUELINE J.S. ; RODRIGUES, DEBORA F.; SILVA, FLAVIA R. de O. ; GARCIA, RAFAEL H.L. ; FELIX, FABIANA S.; ANGNES, LUCIO; SAKATA, SOLANGE K. . Synthesis of reduced graphene oxide/nickel (rGO/NiO) nanocomposite via electron beam. In: IUPAC WORLD CHEMISTRY CONGRESS, 46th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 40th, July 07-14, 2017, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... Durham, NC, USA: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2017.

    Abstract: Introduction Electron Beam is a flow of electrons with energy that has been used mainly for sterilization and to cross-link polymers. However, little is known about graphene based /metal nanocomposites generated by electron beam metal nanoparticles on graphene-based surfaces produces new materials with wide application in optics, electronics and catalysis 1. The aims of this work are to syntheze and characterize reduced graphene oxide/nickel oxide (rGO/NiO) via electron beam to generate conductive materials. Method, Results and discussion Dispersed graphene oxide was mixed with nickel in the complex form in water-isopropanol (1:1) solution. The mix was submitted to a dose of radiation varying between 150 and 400 KGy. The nanocomposite rGO/NiO characterization was performed by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XDR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning transmission electron microscope coupled to the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (TEM/EDS). The TGA curve showed that the incorporation amount of Ni was 20% (w/w) and the presence of Ni was confirmed by TEM/EDS and nanoparticle size was 20 nm. The nanocomposite crystalline structure was confirmed by XRD as well as the number of layers of rGO, which are four. From the XDR pattern of the rGO/NiO, a peak corresponding to the rGO at 2θ=9.10°. These results indicate the incorporation of Ni nanoparticles to the rGO. The electrochemical characterization of rGO/NiO was performed by CV. From the voltammetric profile, current peaks were observed at 0,45 V (vs.Ag/AgCl) and correspond to 0,75 A/mol/cm2 in ascorbic acid media and pH = 5.0. According to the data obtained, it was possible to observe that the rGO/NiO showed a higher current density compared to graphene oxide at the same conditions. Conclusions The analysis demonstrated that it is possible to apply electron beam in the synthesis of rGO/NiO and as confirmed by the characterization results. It is noteworthy that the incorporation of NiO occurred at the same time the reduction of graphene oxide. The voltammetric results showed that the presence of rGO/NiO facilitated the transfer of charge during the electrooxidation of ascorbic acid. This study allowed the generation of a conductive nanocomposite that can be widely used in the electrochemical area.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23239

    ROVANI, SUZIMARA ; SANTOS, JONNATAN J. ; CORIO, PAOLA; FUNGARO, DENISE A. . Sugarcane biomass ash as a renewable source of nanosilica. In: IUPAC WORLD CHEMISTRY CONGRESS, 46th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 40th, July 07-14, 2017, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... Durham, NC, USA: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2017.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23235

    ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de ; CUNHA, ICARO A. da; CUNHA, RAQUEL D.S. da . Comunicação dos riscos e o plano de emergência externo – um estudo de caso em Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro. In: WORKSHOP BRASILEIRO PARA AVALIACAO DE AMEAÇAS, VULNERABILIDADES, EXPOSIÇAO E REDUÇAO DE RISCO DE DESASTRES, 1., 6-8 de junho, 2017, São José dos Campos, SP. Resumo... 2017.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23068

    ASFORA, V.K.; ANTONIO, P.L. ; BARROS, V.S.M. de; GONCALVES, J.A.C. ; YAMATO, M.E.; BUENO, C.C. ; CALDAS, L.V.E. ; KHOURY, H.J.. Evaluation of TL and OSL response of CaF2:Tm for electron beams dosimetry in radiation processing. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 429-429.

    Abstract: An increasing number of pytosanitary irradiations using electron beams has encouraged the development of surface dosimetry systems to cope with both lowand intermediate absorbed doses and dose rates. Besides thewell-established reference and routine dosimeters, ranging from alanine to radiochromic films, there is an interest in dosimeters based on thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) effects. In this context, the aim of this paper is to study the TL and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) response of the calcium fluoride dosimeter doped with thulium (CaF2:Tm) produced via combustion synthesis (CS) by the Nuclear Energy Department of Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil. The pellets with 6mmin diameter and 1mmthicknesswere obtained by pressing the powder using 10% PTFE as binder material. The individual TL and OSL sensitivities of the dosimeters of the batch were previously evaluated and a group of 50 pellets with a standard deviation of 6:8% was selected to be used in this study. After that, the performance of these dosimeters to electron beams with 1:5 MeV from a DC 1500/25/4 – JOB 188 Accelerator at the Radiation Technology Center at IPEN-CNEN/SP was investigated. For each dose, four pellets of CaF2:Tm, together with four pellets of alanine were irradiated with doses from 0:5 kGy up to 10 kGy. The TL and OSL readings were carried out after a preheating at 100 C during 15 min using a Riso TL/OSL reader, model DA-20. The TL measurements were taken with a heating rate of 2 C/s, in the range from 50 C to 350 C. The OSL readings were carried out with infrared stimulation with optical power attenuated to 20% during 240 s. These readings were thermally assisted at 150 C. Residual thermoluminescent glow curves for IRSL were recorded after stimulation times. The reproducibility and stability of the TL and IRSL responses were also evaluated, as well as the dependence with different dose rates. The results showed that the main TL peak of the glow is in the region of 200 C and it was observed that the IRSL curve of the dosimeters presents a fast and a slow decaying IRSL signals. The TL and OSL dose response curves were fitted by a second order polynomial function with correlation coefficients of 0:97 and 0:99, respectively. The results indicated the possibility of the application of CaF2:Tm for electron beam dosimetry in radiation processing.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23067

    FERREIRA, M.S. ; MOURA, E. ; GERALDO, A. . Correlation of traditional and one-step irradiation process for chitosan production from charybdis hellerii crab shells. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 409-409.

    Abstract: Chitosan is a polysaccharide obtained from chitin’s molecule deacetylation, which is the main composition of certain fungi species and crustaceans and insects exoskeleton. The amino groups present in chitosan give it important biological properties such as biodegradability and biocompatibility, activity/immunological effects and antibacterial healing. The deacetylation of chitin is an aggressive process, which reaction processes in 6 to 8 h under hot concentrated alkali solution. In this work, Charybdis hellerii crab shells were fragmented and pretreated for chitosan production and each conversion step, from in natura material pretreatment to final chitosan,were investigated in detail. Itwas observed dose and dose rate applied as in natura as pretreated chitin influence neither pretreatment process nor chitin deacetylation step; at 20 kGy (from or electron beam sources), the conversion process was performed in 60 minutes. The obtained chitosan presented low weight and deacetylation degree compared to standard chitosan, considering specific irradiation conditions.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23066

    KLINGBEIL, M. ; ERNESTO, J.; LOPES, P.; ROCHA, D. ; OLIVEIRA, J. ; VARCA, G.H.C. ; SILVA, C.; STEFFENS, D.; LUGAO, A.B. ; MATHOR, M. . Development of advanced scaffolds and polymeric systems for improved cell and tissue growth. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 381-381.

    Abstract: The recent concern related to skin compromised patients, apart from the nature of the condition itself, such as wounds, chronic ulcers, or burns among others, has triggered and highlighted the importance of the development of artificial skins available in allogeneic donor tissue banks and/or scaffolds, composed by a wide variety of biocompatible, biodegradable and bioactive biomaterials. Within this context, tissue engineering has been in expansion as an attempt to overcome difficulties faced in such situations. The application of scaffolds, produced or not by nanotechnology, in the skin of a patient induces cells to proliferate and get organized on extracellular matrix regenerating tissue. Ionizing radiation is a particularly useful technology capable of promoting sterilization and cross-linking of the scaffold structure thus offering several possibilities for the development of advanced systems suitable for cell growth. Taking into account the variety of clinical applications of tissue engineering, the aim of this study was to investigate by means of histological tests, chemistries and non-destructive tests, the interaction of mesenchymal stem cells grown in vitro in conjunction with different frameworks in order to understand how the mesenchymal stem cells behave in different niches. Among those collagen, PVA, chitosan, PDLLA scaffolds were the systems of choice and -irradiation was applied for sterilization of the systems, as well as cross-linking for the PVA based scaffold. Thus this work allowed the achievement of dermo-epidermic matrices populated by epidermal cells that make up the skin and will contribute to the development of a more robust and useful material to be used in several treatments.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23065

    GERALDO, A. ; MOURA, E. ; GABRIEL, L. . Obtention and characterization of gamma-irradiated recycled HDPE/EPDDM blends. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 375-375.

    Abstract: Elastomeric materials have specific properties that allow the development and use of a variety of products. The application of elastomeric compounds in the automotive industry has increased considerably; due this, high volume of parts are disposal and among these, thermosetting materials, that are not easily recyclable. High density polyethylene (HDPE) is a commodity material with a wide range of uses in the industry. What make this polymeric material so interesting to the market are its unique properties such as good conformability, high resistance to heat and chemicals, and a relative low cost. Another characteristic for this material is its good reprocessability, which is the ability of being recycled many times. Thus, the environmental impact of both materials is evident, thereby promoting essential damage. In the present work the HDPE matrix has been recycled four times from original substrate and mixed to EPDM rubber not vulcanized in proportions from 1% to 10%. The -irradiation process was applied at 50 kGy and 100 kGy in both original and recycled blend samples; in this way, mechanical properties and morphologic characteristics were evaluated. The results shown EPDM in quantities of 1% bring high tensile strength and yield strength to recycled non-irradiated blends compared to higher concentration of 10%, that present high impact resistance. Irradiation process applied to these samples carried an increase in these parameters and the recycled blends presented higher tensile strength values than pristine HDPE samples. Blends are homogeneous and presented no specific morphologic aspects that suggests HDPE and EPDM are miscible and compatible components; crystallinity is higher in low EPDM content blend and at a dose value of 50 kGy the crystallinity reached the maximum value of 79:5% compared to 72:2% for pristine HDPE. These results suggest irradiated blends formed by recycled HDPE with 1% of EPDM present high viability for industrial use due its high mechanical performance compared its low production cost.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23064

    CARDOSO, J. ; GERALDO, A. ; MOURA, E. . Recycled HDPE/Vulcanized EPDM mixtures obtained by irradiation processes. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 366-366.

    Abstract: Recycling polymers process includes techniques that present solutions to the problem of plastic waste in the environment. This process is important to improve the economic sector in many countries, like cooperative societies. Primary recycling is related to the reuse of plastic waste directly from the production site in the industry, that carry on some advantages besides the low cost involved in the reuse of this waste: the raw material is free from dust of many kinds (metals, different powders and plastics). Among this polymeric waste, packaging dominates this scenario, covering 62:2% of the total, where polyolefins account more than 50% of the packaging production. In the same way, the recovering of sulfur-cured rubber contribute to release the environment from this almost non-degradable rubber. The goal of this work is to produce an alternative recycled product composed by mixing twenty-times reused HDPE (by primary recycling process) with vulcanized EPDM rubber. The twenty-times recycled thermoplastic was reached by extrusion, which intention was to simulate a polyolefin like a scrap. The EPDM rubber was fragmented and incorporated to the thermoplastic matrix in proportions of 1% and 5% w/w, from both kinds of rubber, like received and after a thermal treatment. One of the thermal treatment of rubber consisted in an oven ageing in the temperature of 100 C; the other was a simultaneous heating under irradiation process by electron beam at 130 C and at 100 kGy absorbed dose (at 22:4 kGy/s dose rate). The final mixture was obtained by injection molding and specimens from injection process were -irradiated at 50 kGy and at 100 kGy. Mechanical analysis of stress-strain, infrared FTIR spectra and thermogravimetric degradation were performed to evaluate the final product. The obtained product showed heterogeneous; the rubber without thermal treatment was better incorporated to thermoplastic matrix and the irradiated samples present mechanical resistance that suggests this new material intended to be viable to industrial use.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23063

    VASQUEZ, P. ; KODAMA, Y. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; GARCIA, R.H.L. ; OTUBO, L. ; SANTOS, P.S. . Kinetics of free radicals decay reactions in cellulosic-based heritage materials disinfected by gamma-radiation. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 355-355.

    Abstract: Disinfection by -radiation of cultural heritage artefacts and archived materials has been successfully applied in recent years. Radiation processing used for cultural heritage disinfection has several advantages when compared to conventional methods (e.g., chemical gases) mainly related to the safety, efficiency, reliability, capacity, process time and safety for users and the environment. However, more research is still required to study undesirable effects (side-effects) which may appear in sensitive materials as a function of the absorbed radiation dose. Some conservators and restorers are frequently worried about possible long-term effects in irradiated materials (post-effects). During the irradiation process, some energetic and unstable chemical species called free radicals appear in the treated matter. They disappear in different ways, interacting either with each other or with the artefact compounds thus becoming responsible for disinfestation and irradiation side-effects. The kinetics of free radical decay reactions depend on the absorbed dose, the properties of irradiated material among others. In this study, contemporary paper samples were irradiated using -radiation from 60Co with different absorbed doses. The absorbed dose range was chosen taking into account the effective values to promote insect eradication, fungal disinfection and sterilization. The decay kinetics of the cellulose free radicals induced by irradiation was analyzed using electron paramagnetic resonance. Several spectra were obtained at room temperature for each applied absorbed dose immediately after irradiation as reference measurements. To understand the free radical decay process, additional spectra were obtained for different decay times up to almost 50 days after irradiation. De-noising treatment of the original obtained spectra signals were performed using wavelets. Free radical populations, proportional to the spin concentrations, were found by integrating the electron paramagnetic resonance signal curves. Comparison of spectra was done by normalizing the calculated area corresponding to cellulose spin concentration, taking first measurement after irradiation as 100%. Further analyses and calculations were made to study the half-life and the kinetics models of the free radicals created. X-ray diffraction was carried out to identify crystalline phases and the effect of ionizing radiation on the crystalline structure of cellulose in paper. Scanning electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectrometry were performed to analyze structure modifications induced by ionizing radiation, identifying cellulose fibre agglomeration zones and to quantify chemical elements. Results show that for the sterilization dose, 80% of the cellulose free radicals induced by ionizing radiation disappear in almost 40 days and for disinfection dose in 8 days. It can be concluded that if no modifications (side-effects) appear in the irradiated material after the radical decay time, the material will stay stable for the remaining lifetime. Results showed that the proposed method using electron paramagnetic resonance is suitably to study the behaviour of radicals on cellulosic-based cultural heritage materials.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23062

    SOUZA, D.; SOUZA, L.; ANTONIO, P.L. ; CALDAS, L.V.E. . Dosimetric properties of MgB4O7:Ce and MgB4O7:Ce, Li for thermoluminescence dosimetry applications. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 351-351.

    Abstract: Thermoluminescent dosimetry is known as a well-established technique for monitoring radiation dose in medical practices. Some most used thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) are: LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100), CaF:Mn, CaSO4:Dy, Li2B4O7, and aluminophosphate glasses. Recent studies have demonstrated that borates can be very useful for TL dosimetry because their compounds may be more sensitive to radiation than the commercial dosimeters as TLD-100. Furthermore, compounds with 10B allow the detection of thermal neutrons (E   0:25 eV). They also have other good dosimetric properties, such as linear dose response over a large absorbed dose range, effective atomic number close to that of human tissue, and a simple TL emission curve with a single peak. However, there is not much discussion about preparation routes for dosimeters based on borates and on the structure of their compounds. Among these, we examined thermoluminescence properties of magnesium tetraborate doped with cerium (MgB4O7:Ce) and co-doped with lithium (MgB4O7:Ce,Li). Some important TL properties were investigated such as: dose response for and , fading and kinetic parameters of TL curves. To study TL response, the material was investigated in pellet format (3 mm diameter) that were irradiated with sources of particles (90Sr/90Y) and -rays (60Co) with different absorbed doses. The TL responses were measured using an TL/OSL reader (TL/OSL reader Riso). The results showed that the materials have great potential for TLD dosimetry, presenting low fading of TL signal (  3% in one month) and prevalence of first-order TL peak. The dose response curves also show that saturation occurs at higher doses (up to 1000 Gy) and the kinetic parameter shows TL curve follow kinetic of first order.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23061

    GENEZINI, F. ; CALVO, W.A.P. ; FERNANDO, A.J. ; MARRA NETO, A. ; AOKI, P.E. . Industrial applications of the IEA-R1 research reactor in Brazil. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 255-255.

    Abstract: The IEA-R1 is an open pool type research reactor located at theNuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN/SP) site and achieved its first criticality on September 16, 1957. IEA-R1 is the largest research reactor in operation in Brazil, with a core composed of 24 fuel elements with 20% enriched uranium silicide, 4 control rods (Ag􀀀In􀀀Cd) and many irradiation positions supplying thermal neutron fluxes ranging from 1012 to 1014 n/cm2s. Currently, IEA-R1 is operating at 4:5 MW on an 8 hours per day and 4 days per week cycle. The IEA-R1 reactor is a multipurpose facility used for basic and applied research in nuclear and for the production of radioisotopes for industry and nuclear medicine. For industry, IEA-R1 produces radiotracers and sealed radioactive sources (60Co and 192Ir) for industrial -radiography, as well as doped silicon by neutron transmutation. For radiotracer production, IEA-R1 has been working with a compact local staff (3 persons) and is assisted by the Radiation Technology Centre at IPEN-CNEN/SP, in which there are installed hot cells for high activity handling. Most of the radiotracers produced at IEA-R1 are irradiated in a quartz bulb inside an aluminium vessel; the only exception is for 41Ar production, where a special device that doesn’t require a hot cell is used. These are the radiotracers produced at IEA-R1 and their applications in industry and environment: • 203Hg: determination of the mercury mass immobilized in electrolytic cells from soda and chlorine producing industries (46:6 days and 0:28 MeV). • 131I and 82Br: flow rate measurement and residence time distribution (RTD) studies in rivers, lakes and wastewater treatment plants (8:04 days and 36 h, 0:36 MeV and 0:55 MeV, respectively). • 192Ir: environmental studies, in the form of a premixed sand (glass powder plus activated iridium), to study drag sediment in river (73:8 days and 0:32 MeV). • 198Au: representative study, in real conditions, of the impact of great civil works for the construction of important artificial harbour, airport and hydroelectric reservoir, by labelling sand to be removed from the bottom with emulsion of gold (2:7 days and 0:41 MeV). • 41Ar and 79Kr: study the gas phase of fluidized cracking catalytic plants (110 min and 35 h, 1:29 MeV and 0:51 MeV, respectively). • 140La: study the solid phase (catalysts) of fluidized cracking catalytic plants in petroleum refineries (40 h, 1:16 MeV). For doped silicon production, a device that affords the best axial and radial uniformity of the neutron dose is used. These doping uniformities as well as the doping accuracy are determined using resistivity values, showing an excellent doping quality. A recent improvement was the development of an irradiation system to produce gaseous radioisotopes (41Ar and 79Kr), delivering the activated gases directly into the shield bottle without handling and dose exposition for operators, instead of via small quantities (batches), through quartz ampoules containing these noble gases.

    Palavras-Chave: radioisotopes; reactors; research reactors; industry; nuclear medicine; industrial radiography; tracer techniques; iear-1 reactor; radiation sources; sealed sources

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  • IPEN-DOC 23060

    NUNES, M.G. ; VILLANI, D. ; RODRIGUES, L.L. de C. . CaSO4:Dy and CaSO4:Ce,Eu intrinsic efficiencies dependence on ionizing radiation type and quality. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 428-428.

    Abstract: The dependence of a thermoluminescent (TL) dosimeter response to the type and quality of radiation is a key issue that is being tackled worldwide by the development of new dosimetric materials associated with this technique. In this context, the aim of the present work is to evaluate the intrinsic efficiency of CaSO4:Dy, considered as the standard material, and CaSO4:Ce,Eu, a newly developed TL material, for different ionizing radiation types and energies. To do so, a batch of 55 dosimeters of each material was selected according to their non-irradiated TL readout and intrinsic efficiency to the 60Co -radiation on air and electronic equilibrium conditions and then divided into eleven sets of five dosimeters, one of the sets being kept as the control set to evaluate the non-irradiated TL signal while the ten remaining sets were irradiated, again in air and electronic equilibrium conditions, with doses ranging from 0:1 mGy to 10 Gy in secondary standards 60Co and 137Cs - radiation sources, RQR, RQA and RQT ISO/IEC 61267 series and N ISO 4037 series X-ray beams, always including the reference quality for the radiation beam series, and tertiary standard collimated electron beams with effective energies from 4 MeV to 20 MeV. AThermo (Harshaw) 3500 thermoluminescent reader was used to evaluate TL readouts 24 h after the irradiation and the obtained glow curves were exported in the ASC format through WinREMS TL reader controller associated software. Individual peak intensity, integrated response, peak to peak intensity ratio, calibration curves and intrinsic efficiency, provided that all dosimeters are 0:8 mm thick pellets of 6:0 mm of diameter containing 16:67 mg of TL material, were calculated with the aid of SciLab 5.5.2 software, also used to graphically explore the behaviour of CaSO4:Dy and CaSO4:Ce,Eu intrinsic efficiencies with the radiation type or the radiation quality. As expected from literature, CaSO4:Dy intrinsic efficiency presented a dependence of up to 30% with radiation type or quality while CaSO4:Ce,Eu intrinsic efficiency varied by 200% with radiation quality. Despite this huge dependence, the CaSO4:Ce,Eu peak I to peak II intensity ratio remains stable with the radiation type and varies by 5% from one radiation type to another, so that this newly developed TL material can be used as a dosimeter capable of determining, in non-mixed radiation fields and after an adequate and rigorous calibration, both radiation type and quality besides the dose.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23059

    MESQUITA, C.H. de ; VELO, A. ; CARVALHO, D.V.S. ; RIBEIRO, L.D.J. ; HAMADA, M. . Holdup analysis of a bubble column using an industrial fourth generation like gamma-Ray tomography. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 194-194.

    Abstract: This work has been performed using the fourth-generation-like industrial computed tomography developed at the IPEN, constituted with 70 NaI(Tl) 25:4 mm 50:8 mm (diameter length) and a bubble column for industrial process was evaluated. The column is a Perspex glass cylindrical tube of 80 mm internal diameter, 100 mm external diameter and 1400 mm height constituted the following parts: liquid circuit (water), a gas circuit (4 `{min) bubbled into a system containing two limiting holes of 4 mm and 2 mm, located at 65 mm from the centre of the column each one in opposite side. -ray tomography experiments were carried out, using this simulator column both empty and filled with water plus gas bubbling. In this work the scanner was set for 5 views and 14 projections each. The resulting images describe the liquid or gas phase holdup distributions for bubbles generated in a hole of 4 mm and 2 mm diameters located at 15 mm of the column wall in a opposite side, respectively. It was established that the newly developed fourth-generation-like fan-beam arrangement -scanner unit has a good temporal resolution acceptable given the size of the column used in this study and capable to infer the relative proportional of gas and liquid proportion in the column.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23058

    CALVO, W.A.P. ; DUARTE, C.L. ; SOMESSARI, S.L. ; SPRENGER, F.E. ; COSTA, F.E. ; FEHER, A. ; SALVADOR, P.A.V. ; OMI, N.M. ; SILVA, L.G.A. ; LAINETTI, F.F. ; RELA, P.R. ; SAMPA, M.H.O. . Multipurpose gamma-irradiator and mobile unit with an electron beam accelerator developed in Brazil. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 176-176.

    Abstract: Radiation processing technology for industrial and environmental applications has been developed and used worldwide in the fields of water treatment, advanced materials, nanotechnology, medicine, tissue engineering, disinfestations and disinfection of books and documents, processes and industrial production and natural resources, among others. The Radiation Technology Centre (RTC) of the Nuclear Energy Research Institute (IPEN), of CNEN, Brazil, developed a small size continuous run and multipurpose industrial - irradiator with a revolutionary design and national technology to be used as a demonstration facility for manufacturers and contract service companies that need economical and logistical in-house irradiation system alternatives. It will be useful for supporting the local scientific community for product and process development using -radiation, assisting the traditional and potential users on process validation, and for training and qualification of operators and radioprotection officers. The technology developed for this facility consists of a continuous tote box transport system comprising a single concrete vault, where the automated transport system of products in and out of the irradiator utilizes a revolving door integrated with the shielding, avoiding the traditional maze configuration. Covering 76 m2 of floor area, the irradiator design is product overlap sources with a maximum 60Co capacity of 37 PBq (tote boxes, Category IV, wet storage). The performed qualification programme of this multipurpose irradiator was based on AAMI/ISO 11137 standard. The irradiator currently holds 7:4 PBq (200 kCi) of 60Co. For irradiator dose optimization, the source distribution was done using the Cadgamma software. The poly-methylmetacrylate (PMMA) dosimeter system was used for irradiator dose mapping. The economic analysis and performance, concerning to the dose uniformity and 60Co utilization efficiency were calculated and compared with other commercial irradiators available in the market. The RTC is involved in establishing a mobile electron beam accelerator unit to treat industrial effluents for reuse purposes. The mobile unit will be equipped with an electron beam accelerator (0:7 MeV, 20 kW) with safety requirements (BSS, IAEA and CNEN Safety Standards), and can be used for effluent treatment from petroleum production, for petroleum desulfurization, and, in addition, for degradation of toxic organic compounds in wastewater for reuse. This project is supported by the IAEA (TC Project BRA1035, 2016–2018) and by the Brazilian Financial of Studies and Project (FINEP). To enlarge the national capacity to treat industrial effluents using electron beam accelerators, the mobile unit treating effluents on site from 1 m3/h up to 1000 m3/day, will provide an effective facility between a laboratory-scale plant to a large-scale plant, with the objective to demonstrate its efficacy and to transfer the technology. Studies have taken place in various productive sectors in the country and in other foreign laboratories to prove that radiation treatment offers technological and economic benefits over conventional techniques for treating recalcitrant pollutants.

    Palavras-Chave: gamma radiation; electron beams; accelerators; pmma; radiation doses

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  • IPEN-DOC 23057

    VARCA, G.H.C. ; MOHAMED, L.B. ; FAZOLIN, G.N. ; BATISTA, J.G.D.S. ; QUEIROZ, R.G. ; LUGAO, A.B. ; NAVARRO MARQUES, F.A.; FERREIRA, A.H. . State of the art and current advances on protein cross-linking by irradiation: protein based nanocarriers and bioactive nanoparticles. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 171-171.

    Abstract: The highlighted role of protein and peptide based delivery systems relies upon the possibility to develop biocompatible drug carriers featuring site specific delivery, biological affinity among unique advantages. Recently, a technique for protein nanostructuring by the use of radiation has been recently reported by our group. Advantages of the use of radiation over conventional methods are related to the possibility to achieve protein cross-linking and sterilization in a single step, as well as the capacity to allow the design of nanocarriers without the need of monomers or toxic cross-linkers. This work reports the use of high energy irradiation towards the design of size-controlled protein-based nanocarriers and bioactive nanoparticles, using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and papain as model protein and protease, respectively, including the state of the art and current advances of the technology. The technique implies on protein desolvation/solvation techniques followed by cross-linking by EB radiation or -irradiation alone, although nanoparticles were also achieved in absence of the cosolvents. Size-controlled BSA nanocarriers were manufactured up to 80 nm and papain bioactive nanoparticles up to 12 nm, as determined by dynamic light scattering. Nanocarrier morphology was evaluated by and negative staining transmission electron microscopy. Protein cross-linking and changes in aromatic the amino acids were evaluated by fluorescence measurements. Biocompatibility experimentswere also performed by means of cytotoxicity and cytokines production. The potential of the systems for the delivery of radiopharmaceuticals or chemotherapeutic agents were also assayed, using technetium or Paclitaxel respectively. In conclusion, the technique allowed the production of biocompatible and bioactive protein nanoparticles suitable for the administration of radiopharmaceuticals and chemotherapeutic agents.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23056

    HAVERMANS, J.; PONTA, C.; QUOC-KHOI, T.; VASQUEZ, P. ; BOUTAINE, J.L.. Disinfection and consolidation of archived materials and cultural heritage artefacts by radiation processing techniques. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 139-139.

    Abstract: Degradation of organic and especially cellulose based heritage is caused by both endogenous and exogenous factors. One of the most common exogenous factor is moisture, and the variation of the equilibrium moisture content of the material can initiate the development of mold in the substrate. Mold not only affects cellulose materials, but is also impacts occupational health and thus should be rendered inactive as soon as possible. Doing nothing is not an option because active mold (even dormant) may deteriorate cellulose based heritage easily, while its wake-up call, i.e., an atmospheric moisture increase, can occur easily. Much work has been performed on the application of -radiation and therefore it is well accepted in, e.g., the food industry and for medical device sterilization. However for cultural heritage application, discussions are still on-going as ionizing radiation may be capable of deteriorating organic materials. Compared to conventional disinfection with chemicals, -radiation can be seen as a clean disinfection method as no harmful volatiles are emitted after the treatment with full effectiveness on deteriorating the mold species. In the past decade, many heritage science research programmes world-wide were dedicated to the application of ionizing radiation for disinfection and conservation. The research varied from optimization of the treatment to understanding of deterioration mechanisms, and in 2012 for the first time, an IAEA supported event was held in São Paulo, Brazil. The IAEA now supports a new research network dedicated to this topic aiming to solve final research gaps and produce well accepted recommendations. This paper reviews not only the state-of-the-art of international developments on the application of ionizing radiation for cultural heritage for both disinfection and conservation, but includes a summary of show-cases. For example, the disinfection of the Library collection of the Peace Palace, the Hague (Netherlands) and conservation of a XVIIIth century parquet, Grenoble (France). Finally a novel book dedicated to the topic of this presentation, supported by the IAEA, shall be introduced.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23055

    BORRELY, S. ; FUNGARO, D. . Toxicity assays applications for assessing acute effects for radiation decomposition of organics in waters. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 108-108.

    Abstract: The knowledge for using electron bem irradiation for pollutants degradation is developing. Textile effluents and pharmaceuticals were the samples submitted to irradiations and to acute toxicity assays. An electron beam accelerator was the radiation source used for the treatment in batch experiments. Dafnids, rotifers and bacteria were applied for toxicity measurements. All the assays were performed at LEBA/IPEN (Environmental Biological Assays Laboratory). Doses required for decomposition of organics in water and related toxicity indicated that reduced colour of effluents with 2:5 kGy and 5 kGy. These doses were also suitable for toxic effects removal at pharmaceutical solutions (fluoxetine in sewage; propranolol and fluoxetine mixture and at fluoxetine and voltaren mixture). Part of real textile effluent (about 35% of samples) were very toxic (CE50   5%) for daphnids and luminescence Vibrio fischeri. The surfactants contained at textile effluent were the most toxic compound. Vibrio fischeri luminescence was confirmed as one of the most sensitive assay, followed by Ceriodaphnia dubia, Brachionus plicatis rotifers and Daphnia similis.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23054

    KODAMA, Y. ; CARNEIRO, R. ; ROSSI, M.; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; VASQUEZ, P. . Polycarbonate chromatography column to be used in a 99Mo/99mTc generator irradiated in saline solution with EB and gamma-Rays. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 99-99.

    Abstract: The technetium-99m generator (technetium cow or moly cow) is a device used to extract the metastable technetium isotope 99mTc from a source of decaying molybdenum-99. 99Mo has a half-life of 66 hours and can be easily transported over long distances to hospitals whereas its 99mTc decay product (half-life of 6 h is inconvenient for transport) is extracted and used for several nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures, where its short half-life is well adapted. This device works as a closed system, where the principal component is a chromatographic column of acid alumina (Al2O3) as stationary phase. Currently this column is produced using borosilicate type 1 glass. The goal of this study was to characterize the irradiated polycarbonate (PC) column in saline solution to simulate a 99Mo/99mTc generator in real use conditions. PC column and PC sampleswere EB and -irradiated in saline solution with radiation absorbed doses up to 200 kGy. Samples were analyzed by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). Additionally, the -irradiated PC column in presence of saline solution was studied using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with fluorescence detection in order to investigate the chemical phase diffusion of bisphenol A (BPA). EPR results showed at X band region a strong singlet attributed to a phenoxyl radical in the irradiated sample at room temperature. Decay of radical occurs approximately within 40 days. UV spectra presented increase in relative absorbance at 400–450 nm with increasing radiation dose. Ionizing radiation caused greenness of the original clear PC samples. This discolouration confirms the formation of phenoxyl radicals. On the other hand, glass transition temperature decreased by 1% (5K) for the maximum radiation applied dose. Similarly, a small decrease on carboxyl group peak at 1770 cm 1 was observed by FTIR. No detectable change on crystallinity was observed by WAXD. For sterilization absorbed dose, results shown no significant changes on the studied properties that way can be recommend to use PC columns instead borosilicate glass column in the 99mTc generator. The protocol via HPLC with fluorescence detection used in this work can be employed to detect the chemical phase diffusion of BPA in saline solution at ppb concentration

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  • IPEN-DOC 23053

    VASQUEZ, P. . Overview of disinfection of cultural heritage artefacts and archive materials by ionizing radiation in brazil: culture meets nuclear. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, April 24-28, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2017. p. 87-87.

    Abstract: Brazil is a multicultural South American country has had the influence of the pre-Columbian native civilizations, the Portuguese and African colonization and lately the European colonization especially from Germany and Italy, not to mention that Brazil is home to the largest Japanese population outside Japan. In addition other factors, this situation makes the country own a vast variety collection of historic value objects. Brazilian weather conditions have been affected directly tangible materials causing deterioration besides on insects and fungi attack. Natural disasters particularly floods also have been affected many collections inside the country. Within this scenario, the -radiation processing arises as an alternative to traditional methods to the disinfection of cultural heritage artefacts and archived materials. Over the last years, the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN), mainly through the Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility located inside the São Paulo University campus, started a strong interaction programme with conservation and preservation institutions and too with the conservation community to disclose the irradiation technique. Currently, this facility has irradiated for disinfection purposes effectively several works of art, museum collections artefacts, books, manuscripts, drawings, archive documents, musical instruments, ethnographic objects, archaeological findings, natural history collections among others from various regions of the country. -irradiation has several advantages when compared with conventional preservation methods mainly related to the safety, efficiency, reliability, capacity, process time and safe for environment. The success obtained in Brazil with these applications is due to the support of the IAEA to many regional projects related to the nuclear techniques applied to cultural heritage preservation and research. The IAEA policies are helping to understand that the cultural heritage is a legacy of physical artefacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and restored for the benefit of future generations.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23084

    HAGIWARA, Y.S.; PECORARO, G.D.; HORTELLANI, M.A. ; SARKIS, J.E.S. ; AZEVEDO, J.S.. Avaliação espacial dos teores de mercúrio total (THg) em ariídeos bioindicadores: uma estratégia preliminar de monitoração e conservação para o complexo estuarino-lagunar de Cananéia-Iguape. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE OCEANOGRAFIA, 7., 05-09 de novembro, 2016, Salvador, BA. Resumo... 2016. p. 769-769.

    Abstract: O mercúrio é um metal de grande importância ambiental, tanto pelos efeitos adversos que pode causar ao ambiente quanto aos danos associados à biota. O Complexo Estuarino-Lagunar de Cananéia-Iguape (CELCI) pode ser caracterizado ambientalmente de acordo com os diferentes processos hidrodinâmicos e influência antropogênica. A porção Norte do estuário representa um local de maior influência humana devido a plantações, construções, como o Vale Grande, e a presença do rio Ribeira do Iguape que contribui com aporte fluvial ao sistema estuarino. O setor Sul, por sua vez, apresenta condições mais preservadas, com uma hidrodinâmica mais acentuada regida pelo fluxo de maré e proximidade com o oceano. Deste modo, estudos sobre monitoramento na região de Cananéia (SP) apresentam elevada relevância. Cathorops spixii, bagres estuarinos da família Ariidae, tem sido utilizado como espécies bioindicadoras de contaminação por metais. O presente estudo objetivou verificar a existência de diferenças entre os setores Norte e Sul do CELCI, a partir da quantificação dos teores de THg no tecido muscular de Ariídeos bioindicadores de contaminação. Adicionalmente, os índices somáticos Fator de Condição (FC) e Índice Hepatossomático (IHS) foram calculados, uma vez que podem fornecer informações do bem-estar do indivíduo quanto ao ambiente em que se encontra e do grau de trofia hepática. 61 exemplares de Ariídeos foram coletados em agosto de 2014 nos setores Norte (n = 28) e Sul (n = 33) do CELCI. Após coleta e tomada dos dados biométricos, os peixes foram dissecados para retirada do tecido muscular para análise quanto a concentração de THg por via direta, através de decomposição termal utilizando um DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer – Milestone. Dados dos índices somáticos mostraram valores ligeiramente maiores para os peixes amostrados na região Sul (IHS = 1,94±0,46 e FC = 0,80±0,06) quando comparado aos peixes do setor Norte (IHS = 1,78±0,38 e FC = 0,72±0,06) do CELCI, indicando condições bióticas mais estáveis quanto à trofia hepática e bem estar para os exemplares do setor Sul. Em relação aos dados de THg, os Ariídeos do setor Sul apresentaram uma variação de THg de 33,49 a 455,11 μg Kg-1 enquanto que os indivíduos do setor Norte variaram a concentração de THg de 34,24 a 247,56 μg Kg-1. Os valores de mediana entre os 2 setores não mostraram diferenças significativas nos teores de THg (Sul: 64,69 μg Kg-1; Norte: 60,25 μg Kg-1). Em conjunto, os dados dos índices somáticos e dos teores de THg demonstram um melhor grau de bem-estar para os peixes da área mais preservada, com baixos e similares teores de THg entre os setores Norte e Sul não indicando condições disruptoras significativas para estes organismos. Entretanto, deve-se considerar, que por ser tratar de uma área de proteção ambiental, mesmo em baixas concentrações, a monitoração do THg faz-se necessária, uma vez que seu ingresso no estuário pode estar relacionado a região de Ribeira de Iguape, no setor Norte do estuário.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23083

    PECORARO, G.D.; HORTELLANI, M.A. ; BRAGA, E.S.; SARKIS, J.E.S. ; AZEVEDO, J.S.. Padrões de bioacumulação de mercúrio total (THG) como indicativo de atividade metabólica de ariídeos da porção norte e sul do complexo estuarino-lagunar de Cananéia-Iguape, SP. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE OCEANOGRAFIA, 7., 05-09 de novembro, 2016, Salvador, BA. Resumo... 2016. p. 740-740.

    Abstract: A bioacumulação representa o processo pelo qual compostos químicos são acumulados em diferentes órgãos/tecidos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo, entender a bioacumulação do mercúrio total (THg), devido seu elevado potencial tóxico, nos Ariídeos Cathorops spixii e Genidens genidens a partir da análise deste metal nas brânquias, gônadas e rim. Um total de 65 peixes foram coletados no estuário de Cananéia (SP, Brasil), em duas porções, Norte e Sul, com diferentes características, a saber: Norte - aporte de água doce devido à proximidade com o Rio Ribeira de Iguape, o qual recebe diferentes materiais de origem continental e antropogênica via Valo Grande; Sul - localizada entre a baia de Trapandé e a ilha de Cananéia, apresentando assim características mais estuarina naturalmente influenciada pelo hidrodinamismo com o mar. Os peixes foram amostrados durante o inverno de 2014, com auxílio de redes de arrasto de fundo em uma profundidade média de 6m. Após coleta, foi feita a biometria dos espécimens para efeito dos cálculos dos índices somáticos: Fator de Condição (FC) e Índice Hepatossomático (IHS). Após dissecção, para obtenção dos diferentes tecidos, as amostras foram analisadas quanto ao teor de Hg por processo de análise sólida direta por decomposição termal (DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer – Milestone). Dados dos índices somáticos mostraram ausência de diferenças significativas tanto para os peixes amostrados na porção Sul (IHSSul = 1,939 ± 0,452; FCSul = 0,797 ± 0,060) quanto na porção Norte (IHSNorte = 1,844 ± 0,429; FCNorte = 0,710 ± 0,063;) do estuário, indicando condições estáveis quanto ao bem estar e trofia hepática dos peixes para ambas áreas. Em relação aos teores de THg, verificou-se um acúmulo decrescente na ordem rim>gônada>brânquia. Comparando as áreas, foi possível verificar maiores concentrações de THg na porção Sul (HgRim = 377,32μg/kg; HgGônada = 68,07μg/kg; HgBrânquia = 23,97μg/kg), quando comparado aos peixes amostrados na porção Norte (HgRim = 165,48μg/kg; HgGônada = 19,40μg/kg; HgBrânquia = 18,25μg/kg). O padrão de bioacumulação observado indica uma maior atividade metabólica nos peixes oriundos da porção Sul do estuário. Este padrão pode estar associado a maior exigência metabólica dos organismos em água mais salobra que consiste no principal fator abiótico que diferencia os dois setores, uma vez que o setor sul, mais preservado, está sob maior influência da hidrodinâmica marinha e os organismos devem estar mais ativos quanto ao controle osmótico. Esta hipótese é corroborada pela salinidade das águas de fundo (SFundo – Sul = 30,59; SFundo – Norte = 11,67), assim como, os processos de mistura mais intensos que influenciaram as amostragens, realizadas em maré de sizígia durante o período de enchente. Finalmente, os maiores dados de THg nas gônadas dos peixes da porção Sul pode ocasionar efeitos diretos na reprodução destes espécimens. Porém, não se pode deixar de observar que a fonte de contaminantes na região ocorre, sobretudo, via setor norte. Este trabalho mostra que as condições abióticas devem ser avaliadas em associação com as metabólicas, principalmente em ambientes com grande gradiente de transição natural ou antrópica.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23082

    VEDOLIN, M.C.; THEOPHILO, C.Y.S. ; FIGUEIRA, R.C.L.; TURRA, A.. Variabilidade espacial da concentração de metais em microplásticos coletados em praias: um novo insight sobre poluição. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE OCEANOGRAFIA, 7., 05-09 de novembro, 2016, Salvador, BA. Resumo... 2016. p. 805-805.

    Abstract: O termo “microplástico” é atribuído a produtos plásticos, os quais o tamanho estão dentro do intervalo de 1 a 10mm, variando de estudo para estudo. Dentre estes produtos, estão os pellets, grânulos plásticos que correspondem à forma principal com que as resinas plásticas são produzidas e comercializadas para serem usadas como matéria-prima em indústrias de transformação, onde são derretidas e moldadas de acordo com o produto final. Devido à perda durante os processos de produção e transporte, tais pellets podem atuar como uma potencial fonte contaminante no ambiente por conta da liberação e/ou adsorção de contaminantes orgânicos e inorgânicos. Este estudo investiga as interações entre poluentes inorgânicos, os metais, dissolvidos em pellets coletados em diferentes praias do litoral de São Paulo. Especificamente, o estudo comparou a realização do método e seus resultados em grânulos virgens, ou seja, aqueles obtidos a partir de uma fábrica de moldagem com os recolhidos das praias. Foram quantificados os elementos: Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Sn, Ti e Zn empregando a técnica de espectrometria de emissão atômica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-OES). Os polímeros foram solubilizados via digestão ácida (EPA3050B). Os níveis de metais em amostras de pellets virgens são relativamente baixos, se comparados aos pellets coletados, indicando a possível pureza destas amostras. Já para os pellets coletados, os níveis de metais apresentam a seguinte ordem crescente de concentração: Fe> Al > Mn> Ti > Cu , Zn, sendo os maiores valores encontrados para Fe e Al, 391,56 mg kg-1, praia de Itaguaré e 58,63 mg kg-1, praia de Tabatinga , respectivamente. Houve diferença significativa nos níveis de metais em relação aos locais amostrados (Anova p<0,05) e em relação aos elementos analisados (Anova p<0,05), no entanto, não houve diferença estatística entre os elementos Ti e Zn (teste de Tukey p>0,05). Para a maioria dos metais, os maiores níveis ocorrem em áreas de intensa urbanização e/ou próximas a regiões portuárias, indicando a poluição gerada por tais locais. Essa condição, somada ao fato da capacidade de adsorção de metais em pellets coletados ser maior devido ao desenvolvimento de sítios de absorção na superfície durante a exposição a condições ambientais; pode aumentar o potencial do pellet como um acumulador. Sendo assim, os resultados sugerem que pellets de plástico têm o potencial de acumular e transportar metais no ambiente marinho, mesmo em pequena quantidade, podendo ser considerados como um vetor para o transporte destes poluentes no meio ambiente.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23035

    MORA, T.A. ; OLIVEIRA, J. ; FIGUEIRA, R.C.L.; MAHIQUES, M.M.; SOUSA, S.H.M.. Evaluation of the activity concentrations of Ra-226, Ra-228 and Pb- 210 in sediments from Antarctica, in the admiralty bay region. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE OCEANOGRAFIA, 7., 05-09 de novembro, 2016, Salvador, BA. Resumo... 2016. p. 690-690.

    Abstract: The natural radionuclides of U-238, U-235 and Th-232 series have been used as tracers in research of oceanic processes and management of the coastal region. Some of the natural radionuclides are especially used as tracers of the flux of particulated material into the ocean, which occur both in the water column and/ or in the sediment. The Ra-226, Ra-228 and Pb-210 have helped scientists understand some environmental phenomena occurring on the planet. In this study we performed a radiochemical characterization of a sedimentary column called (1B) of 248 cm collected in the Admiralty Bay, South Shetland archipelago – Antarctica region to determine the activity concentrations (mBq g-1) of Ra-226, Ra-228 and Pb-210 and the its application in a geochronological model to calculate the sedimentation rate. The sediment samples were submitted an acid leaching and then the radiochemical separation of Ra-226, Ra-228 was performed by coprecipitation of the Ba(Ra)SO4 and sequential separation of the Pb-210 by co-precipitation of PbCrO4. These precipitates were measured in gas-flow low background proportional detector. The Ba(Ra)SO4 was measured after 21 days of the precipitation and the PbCrO4 precipitate were measured after 10 days from the final date precipitation. The Pb-210 was detected via gross beta counting of its Bi-210 decay products. The time interval of 21 days for Ra-226 measurement was required for its achieve secular equilibrium with their daughters and the contribution of alpha emitting radioisotopes Ra-223 an Ra-224 were nil. This time interval was also enough to allow the equilibrium Ra-228/Ac-228. The activity concentration of Ra-226 ranged from 11±1 (mBq g-1) to 54±5 (mBq g-1), and the Ra-228 ranged from 48±5 (mBq g-1) to 155±13 (mBq g-1). With the values obtained from activity concentrations of Ra-226 and Pb-210, it was determined the activity concentration of unsupported Pb-210, which is Pb that comes from the atmosphere. The activity concentration of Pb-210 ranged from 7±1 (mBq g-1) to 458±23 (mBq g-1), while unsupported Pb-210 ranged from 7±3 (mBq g-1) to 434±25 (mBq g-1). Based on CIC (Constant Initial Concentration) geochronological model, the sedimentation rate of 0.59±0.05 cm year-1 was estimated in the sedimentary column (1B) coming from the Admiralty Bay region.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23023

    AGUIAR, LAIS; CARVALHO FILHO, CARLOS A. de; RIOS, FRANCISCO J.; SCHENATO, FLAVIA; VICENTE, ROBERTO ; SANTOS COTA, STELA D.; FERREIRA, EDUARDO G.A. ; GHARBIEH, HEIDAR K.; HIROMOTO, GORO ; MARUMO, JULIO T. ; PEREIRA, IGOR T.R.; PRATES, SONIA P.; RODRIGUES, PAULO C.H.. Borehole disposal of DSRS in Brazil. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, November 21-25, 2016, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna: IAEA, 2016.

    Abstract: The safe management of disused sealed radioactive sources (DSRS) is presently a concern of the government of many countries, as well as the IAEA because many of these sources have potential to cause severe radiological accidents and because a pathway that will eventually lead to their disposal as a radioactive waste is so far mostly unavailable. Brazil is currently one of those countries. The Brazilian inventory of sealed radioactive sources (SRS) includes about 15,630 DSRS, with total estimated activity of 1 PBq stored in centralized waste management facilities and about 7762 SRS still held by the users, with total estimated activity of about 0.2 EBq. When the 241Am sources removed from radioactive lightning rods and ionic smoke detectors are included, the number of stored DSRS amounts to about 190,000. The total activity figure is unchanged, however, because these are low-activity sources. Although the project of a near surface repository for LILW is still in the site selection phase, the inventory of DSRS stored in Brazilian facilities consists of alpha-emitting, long-lived radionuclides such as americium and radium. Besides, the inventory has a large number of sealed sources of short-lived radionuclides (e.g. 3H, 60Co, 85Kr, 90Sr, 137Cs). However, depending on the strength of the source, many of them may not meet the waste acceptance criteria for near surface disposal. Consequently, another disposal technology, a deep borehole repository, is being considered. The Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN) in Sao Paulo, Brazil, developed a concept of borehole disposal in the early 2000s. However, during a TCP with the IAEA in 2014-2015, with the participation of staff from other institutes of the Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN), project team chose the BOSS concept developed by NECSA, for further consideration. While the IPEN concept has still a long way to go in terms of detailed engineering, preliminary safety assessment and quality assurance documentation, the BOSS technology is now ready for implementation, with technical support from the IAEA. The paper will present the results of the work performed by the TCP team and the prospects for the implementation of the disposal of DSRS in Brazil, with an emphasis on the safety aspects of the endeavor.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23940

    MIRANDA, L.F.; MUNHOZ, A.H.; BRANDAO, L.; ROSSI, M.V.; MASSON, T.J.; SILVA, L.G.A. . Characterization of nanocomposits based on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) containing reduced graphene oxide for application in antistatic packaging. In: DSL CONFERENCE (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS, 13th, June 26-30, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... 2017. p. 200-201.

    Abstract: Package for electronic components is one that protects an electronic or electrical device against electrostatic discharge. Traditionally, antistatic packages are produced with polystyrene (PS) or polypropylene (PP) filled with carbon black. Recently studies have been carried out, with successfully, for the application of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filled with carbon for this purpose. This work aimed to obtain and characterize nanocomposites based on PET filled with reduced graphene oxide and compare its physicochemical properties with PET filled with carbon black and PP filled with carbon black used in anti-static packaging. PET compounds containing 0.1; 0.3; 0.5 and 0.7wt% reduced graphene oxide, obtained by the modified Hummers process from the graphite and reduced with hydrazine. The thermomechanical, electrical and morphological properties of the obtained compounds were determined. The results showed that the addition of reduced graphene oxide to PET causes an increase in the melt flow index, also increase the tensile strength and electrical conductivity. The addition of reduced graphene oxide promotes the decrease in the hardness and thermal resistance of the obtained nanocomposites. Nanocomposites based on PET containing 0.5wt% and 0.7wt% reduced graphene oxide can be used in the handling, transport and storage of electronic components since their mechanical, thermal and resistivity properties are satisfactory for this purpose.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23939

    MUNHOZ, A.H.; NASCIMENTO, A.L.; MIRANDA, L.F.; SILVA, L.G.A. . Synthesis of pseudoboehmite from NaOH and AlCl3.6H2O for controlled release of drugs. In: DSL CONFERENCE (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS, 13th, June 26-30, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... 2017. p. 158-159.

    Abstract: The sol-gel obtained pseudoboehmite is an aluminum compound [AlOOH].xH2O, a non-metallic synthetic inorganic nanomaterial with high purity and high specific surface area. Studies are currently being held to use it in the controlled release of drugs. Drugs of controlled delivery aim at offering a therapeutically dosage to a predetermined place in the body, keeping a desired drug concentration, thus controlling the speed release and how long it is retained in the body. The present work seeks to obtain pseudoboehmite as support to the controlled release of Acyclovir. The pseudoboehmite nanoparticles were obtained through sol-gel process using aluminum chloride hexahydrate in sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide solution. A 3.00 OH/Al molar ratio was kept and synthesis with a 0.4 and 0.5 [OH]- molar concentration at 20°C and 65°C were carried. The aging effect at 95°C/120h was also analyzed. For the Acyclovir in vitro analysis in the gastric medium, the acyclovir dissolution with pseudoboehmite was realized in a HCl 0,1 mol/L. For the in vitro analysis in plasmatic absorption, in the intestinal system, the release of Acyclovir in distilled water was analyzed. Pseudoboehmite showed a structure with high specific surface area, which remained stable in both environments used to emulate the Acyclovir liberation. The results made evident that the pseudoboehmite used as excipient to the controlled release of Acyclovir kept the drug’s chemical stability, without degrading it or the pseudoboehmite. The Acyclovir concentration curves shows that pseudoboehmite synthesis with low temperatures and not aged results in more uniform dissolution rates, a desired characteristic in the drug release. The experiments shows that there is also a correlation between these synthesis conditions and the pseudoboehmite superficial area and porosity.

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  • IPEN-DOC 22801

    PEREIRA, C.C. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; SILVA, L.G.A. ; SANTIAGO, E.I. . Syntheses and characterization of radiation-grafted poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) films as electrolyte for alkaline fuel cells. In: DSL CONFERENCE (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS, 13th, June 26-30, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... 2017. p. 150-150.

    Abstract: Anion Exchange membranes (AEMs) are a promising alternative to the development of more efficient electrolytes for alkaline fuel cells. In general, the AEMs are ionomeric membranes able to conduct hydroxide ions (OH-) due to quaternary ammonium exchange groups, which confer to AEM high pH equivalent [1]. In order to develop alkaline membranes for fuel cells applications, poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) pre-irradiated by using electron beam and stored at low temperature (-70 ºC) as a function of time (up to ten months) have been synthesized by styrene-grafting, and functionalized with trimethylamine to introduce quaternary ammonium groups [2,3]. The resulting membranes were characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (ERS), thermogravimetry (TG) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The determination of grafting degree and water uptake were conducted by gravimetry and ion exchange capacity by titration. Results have shown that styrene-grafted ETFE membranes, pre-irradiated at 70 kGy and stored at low temperature (-70 ºC), up to ten months, showed ionic conductivity results, in hydroxide form (OH-), of 80 mS.cm-1 at 60 ºC. Such results have demonstrated that ETFE-based AEMs are promising electrolytes for alkaline fuel cell applications.

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  • IPEN-DOC 22914

    ARAUJO, M.S. ; SILVA, A.C. ; SILVA, D.L.C. e ; MELLO-CASTANHO, S.R.H. . Multifunctional bioactive glasses for tissue regeneration: compositions modified with strontium oxide. In: DSL CONFERENCE (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS, 13th, June 26-30, 2017, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... 2017. p. 121-121.

    Abstract: The complexity in designing brand-new compositions as 45S5 Bioglass® is mainly due to the fact the more components you have, the more difficult it is to trace the relationship between composition, structure and bioactivity. Also, the properties of bioactive compositions should reflect directly their ability to release a critical amount of different ions in the surrounding host material, creating or not favorable conditions for the cellular processes. The present research was conducted by modifying the glass network of 45S5 by adding Al2O3 and SrO in order to obtain a multifunctional glass for biomedical applications, i.e. a not only with bioactive properties as osteoinductive and also biocidal. Three series of compositions were produced to optimized the amounts of both oxides, thus, minimizing undesirable effects and enhancing the mobility of Ca2+ cations due to the rearrangement of the glass network. The samples were obtained by melting (1500°C) and quenching and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (ATD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The initial results indicates that the vitreous network is predominantly of Q3 arrangements in detriment of the typical 45S5 Q2 structure. And, the FT-IR and Raman spectra are similar to glasses with adequate solubility and bioactivity for the interaction between the implant and the host.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23916

    REIS, A.S. ; GUILHEN, S.N. ; ORTIZ, N. . Water treatment adsorption and UV photodecomposition processes for antibiotics: Cephalexin and Amoxicillin. In: IWA LEADING EDGE CONFERENCE ON WATER AND WASTEWATER TECHNOLOGIES, 13th, June 13-16, 2016, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain. Resumo expandido... 2016.

    Abstract: The developed of water treatment process to adsorb and decompose the pharmaceutical antibiotic amoxicillin and cephalexin using iron oxide –hematite, quitosan and UV radiation. The equilibrium time te= 180 min and the removal percentage for amoxicillin was 90% similar with those found in literature. In same experimental parameters the Cephalexin removal percentage was 25% some parameter have been alter to promote the photodecomposition such antibiotic mixture. The results confirm an indicate the possible use of UV photodecomposition reaction as a promising water treatment to treat, adsorb and decompose antibiotic residues in the environment.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23915

    TOMINAGA, F.K. ; BOIANI, N.F. ; SOLE, S.V.D. ; BORRELY, S.I. . Efeito da irradiação com feixe de elétrons na degradação e toxicidade de fármacos em solução aquosa: cloridrato de fluoxetina, diclofenaco de sódio e mistura de ambos. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 722-723.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23914

    SOLE, S.V.D.; TOMINAGA, F.K.; BOIANI, N.F.; BORRELY, S.I. . Avaliação de toxicidade do efluente têxtil antes e após a irradiação com feixe de elétrons. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 1239-1240.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23913

    SANTOS, D.R.A.; PUSCEDDU, F.H.; FRANCO, H.R.; NOBRE, C.R.; MORENO, B.B.; ROSA, J.L.; CORTEZ, F.S.; PEREIRA, C.D.S.; CESAR, A.; SANTOS, A.R.; ROGERO, S.O. ; ROGERO, J.R. . Análise da citotoxicidade de sedimentos marinhos contaminados com fluoxetina para mexilhões Mytella charruana. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 841-842.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23912

    SANTANA, N.S.; TOMINAGA, F.K.; COLOMBO, R.; BORRELY, S.I. ; NOLASCO, M.A.. Avaliação de remoção de toxicidade de esgoto sanitário tratado por meio de sistemas descentralizados. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 1647-1649.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23911

    PUSCEDDU, F.H.; MARANHO, L.A.; ABESSA, D.M.S.; NOBRE, C.R.; SANTOS, D.R.A.; PEREIRA, C.D.S.; CORTEZ, F.S.; SANTOS, A.R.; ROGERO, J.R. ; CESAR, A.. Biomarcadores de exposição e efeito em mexilhões Mytella charruana expostos a sedimentos marinhos contaminados com Triclosan, Ibuprofeno e 17α-ethinylestradiol. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 768-770.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23910

    NAKATSUBO, M.A. ; SARKIS, J.E.S. . Bioacessibilidade in vitro como ferramenta para avaliar e quantificar metais potencialmente toxicos nos pescados. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 144-146.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23909

    FRANCO, H.R.; SANTOS, D.R.A.; PUSCEDDU, F.H.; CORTEZ, F.S.; PEREIRA, C.D.S.; CESAR, A.; SANTOS, A.R.; ROGERO, S.O. ; ROGERO, J.R. . Avaliação do efeito crônico de sedimento marcado com fluoxetina sobre o desenvolvimento embriolarval de Echinometra lucunter. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 831-832.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23908

    DUARTE, L.F.A.; OSTANIK, P.A.G.; PAÇO, M.S.; FERREIRA, B.D.; EVANGELISTA, M.V.; MENDES, A.L.A.; NOBRE, C.R.; SEMMLER, M.G.M.C.; MOREIRA, E.G. ; PEREIRA, C.D.S.. Tolerância biológica, efeitos subletais e bioacumulação em Ucides cordatus (LINNAEUS, 1763) expostos ao metal cádmio. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 247-257.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23907

    CONICELLI, B.P. ; SCHENBERG, A.C.G.; BIONDO, R.; SILVA, F.A.; HORTELLANI, M.A. ; SARKIS, J.E.S. . Efeito do PH na biossorção de HG(II) NA Cupriavidus metallidurans recombinante. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 1622-1623.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23906

    CAVALCANTE, A.K.; MARTINI, G.A.; MAZIERO, J.S.; CARDOSO, K.D.; SANGES; FERREIRA, M.V.A.L.; SANGES, G.; ROGERO, S.O. ; ROGERO, J.R. . Avaliação das deformidades em larvas de Danio rerio após exposição à substância de referência (NACL). In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 1423-1424.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23870

    BOIANI, N.F. ; SOLE, S.V.D. ; TOMINAGA, F.K. ; BORRELY, S.I. . Remoção da toxicidade de fármacos em solução aquosa empregando irradiação com feixe de elétrons. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 14., 07-10 de setembro, 2016, Curitiba, PR. Resumo expandido... Campinas: Sociedade Brasileira de Ecotoxicologia, 2016. p. 716-718.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23884

    ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; MOURA, JOAO A. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; COSTA, OSVALDO L. da ; MOURA, EDUARDO S. de ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de ; KARAM JUNIOR, DIB . Estudo, desenvolvimento e produção de fontes radioativas para radioterapia. In: ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE FÍSICA NA INDÚSTRIA, 1., 04-05 de abril, 2013, São Carlos, SP. Resumo... São Paulo: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2013. p. 44-44.

    Abstract: Desde 1997, o IPEN-CNEN/SP por meio do seu “Laboratório de Produção Fontes para Radioterapia - LPFR”, produz fontes radioativas de Irídio-192, na forma de fi os, e fornece aos hospitais para utilização em radioterapia de baixa taxa de dose (LDR). Está em fase de conclusão, a montagem de uma instalação para a produção de fontes radioativas de Iodo-125, na forma de sementes, para uso em tratamento de câncer de próstata, oftálmico e cerebral. Essa instalação consiste de três glove-box (uma caixa estanque). A primeira, semi-automatizada, é a reação do iodo radioativo com o núcleo de prata que forma a semente. É a parte do processo que apresenta maior risco, tendo diversos sistemas redundantes de segurança como duplo fi ltro, depressão de ar e proteção física. A segunda é a solda da cápsula de titânio que envolve esse núcleo. Essa parte é inteiramente automatizada e o controle visual da qualidade da solda é feito pelo operador através de um sistema de câmaras. A terceira fase é o controle de qualidade, totalmente automatizado, que garante a estanqueidade das sementes prontas de acordo com a norma ISO 9978 - “Sealed Radioactive Sources-Leak Test Methods”. Como fase extra a dosimetria da semente está em desenvolvimento. Ela engloba o estudo de diversos parâmetros que auxiliam no cálculo da dose exata que o paciente recebeu ao utilizar esse tratamento. O grupo espera a conclusão para 2014. Atualmente encontra-se em desenvolvimento e implementação um laboratório para produção de fontes de Irídio-192, na forma de “pellets”, para utilização em radioterapia de alta taxa de dose (HDR). Estas fontes são importadas acarretando altos custos para a sociedade. Estas fontes são usadas para tratar vários tipos de câncer. Por exemplo: colo de útero, mama, pulmão e outros. A produção local de fontes radioativas para radioterapia reduzirá sensivelmente seus custos, permitindo um aumento do número de pacientes tratados no país. A proteção implementada no caso do Irídio-192 é maior quando comparada com o iodo-125. O primeiro isótopo apresenta energia de emissão entre 0,137 a 0,65 MeV enquanto o segundo 0,03MeV. Por essa razão o irídio será manipulado em hot cell (célula quente) que são enormes estruturas totalmente revestidas de chumbo pesando aproximadamente 25 toneladas. O operador usará um telemanipulador e o sistema do ar será totalmente selado. O vidro para visualização contém chumbo na formulação. Como resultado o operador leva praticamente nenhuma dose de radiação. O grupo espera a conclusão do novo prédio em 2018.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23871

    FERRAZ, CAROLINE C.; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. ; BUCIO, EMILIO. Radiation-grafting of thermo- and pH-sensitive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-acrylic acid) on silicone rubber and polypropylene films. In: AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY NATIONAL MEETING, 245th, April 07-11, 2013, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Abstract... 2013.

    Abstract: This work focuses on the effect of gamma-ray radiation conditions on the stimuli-responsiveness of polypropylene (PP) films and silicone (SR) rubber substrates grafted with N-vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) and acrylic acid (AAc). PP films and SR rubber were weighed and placed into glass ampoules and exposed to Co-60 gamma-source (Gammabeam 651 PT, MDS Nordion) in the presence of air at room temperature, at dose rate around 12 kGy/h and dose between 5 and 70 kGy. Solutions of NVCL and AAc (1/1, v/v), 50 % monomer concentration (v/v) in toluene were added to samples, the ampoules were degassed by repeated freeze-thaw cycles (5 times per 20 min) and sealed. The ampoules were heated at 60 and 70 °C at reaction time per 12 h. To extract the residual monomer and homopolymer formed during the grafting, the samples were soaked in ethanol for 24 h and then in distilled water, followed by drying under vacuum to constant weight. Samples where characterized by FTIR-ATR, DSC, swelling, LCST, and pH critical point.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23900

    STEFFENS, D.; SANTI, B.T.; LUCO, D.P.; MATHOR, M.B. ; PRANKE, P.. Co-cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells and skin keratinocytes on electrospun scaffolds. In: TERMIS-AM CONFERENCE, December 13-16, 2014, Washington, DC, USA. Abstract... 2014. p. S-89 - S-89.

    Abstract: Available treatments in skin regeneration are insufficient for promoting healing. This study has aimed to produce a cutaneous substitute combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), keratinocytes and a PDLLA biomaterial, constructed by electrospinning, into 3 groups: 1) PDLLA, 2) PDLLA/NaOH, scaffolds with hydrolyzed surfaces and 3) PDLLA/Lam, hydrolyzed and with laminin binding. The MSCs were seeded at the bottom of the scaffolds. After 24 hours, skin keratinocytes were seeded at the top. The scaffolds were characterized by morphology, fiber diameter, cell adhesion on the day of the seeding and viability on days 7, 14 and 21. As a result, the scaffolds presented randomly distributed, well formed fibers. The fiber diameter for all the groups was 4.58 mmfor the largest fibers and 574 nm for the smallest. The pore sizes of the scaffolds obtained were approximately 27.5 mm and 3.44 mm, for the largest and smallest fibers, respectively. In biological analysis, cell adhesion was greater in the PDLLA/Lam scaffolds with absorbance of 2.268 – 0.494, in comparison with 1.264 – 0.473 for the PDLLA and 1.159 – 0.120 for the PDLLA/NaOH scaffolds. There was an improvement in the number of viable cells from day 7 to day 21 of analysis. In general, the PDLLA/Lam group showed the best results for cell adhesion and viability tests. In conclusion, the PDLLA scaffolds, mainly the PDLLA/Lam groups, showed good results for the co-cultivation of the cells, with good cell adhesion and the presence of viable cells. Therefore, these scaffolds show promise to be suitable biomaterials for use in tissue engineering.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23899

    PRANKE, PATRICIA; STEFFENS, DANIELA; SANTI, BRUNA; LUCO, DAYANE P. ; MATHOR, MONICA B. . Evaluation of electrospun matrices for the co-cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells and skin keratinocytes. In: INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR STEM CELL RESEARCH, 12th, June 18-21, 2014, Vancouver, Canada. Proceedings... 2014.

    Abstract: The regeneration of skin is an important field for tissue engineering. Currently available treatments are insufficient to prevent scar formation and promote healing of the patient, especially in large burns and chronic wounds. Due to the great need for skin substitutes with the ability of regenerating large amounts of skin, as well as the lack of an ideal replacement, the current study has aimed to produce a cutaneous substitute with a PDLLA polymer as a biomaterial. These, in turn, must be able to serve as a suitable support for cellular growth for the period of time required for tissue regeneration. For this purpose, scaffolds were constructed by the electrospinning technique and divided into 3 groups: 1) PDLLA matrices, 2) PDLLA/NaOH, which were PDLLA scaffolds hydrolyzed with a solution of NaOH 0.75M and 3) PDLLA/Lam, also hydrolyzed with NaOH and in which the protein laminin was linked by covalent binding. They were all constructed with 2 different fiber diameters, with the smallest at the top of the scaffold. These scaffolds were characterized by morphology and fiber diameter and their hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity features. Mesenchymal stem cells were then seeded onto the bottom of the scaffold and, after 24 hours, skin keratinocytes were seeded on the other side. This procedure was performed in all the groups. The groups were evaluated for cell adhesion on the day of the seeding and on days 7, 14 and 21 for viability with WST-8 assay. From day 7, the scaffolds were submitted to an air/liquid system of culture. As a result, the scaffolds presented well formed fibers which were randomly distributed. The treatment of the matrices with NaOH for 15 minutes did not substantially affect the structure of the fibers, but it was enough to hydrophilize the surface of the biomaterials, which is necessary for laminin linkage. The fiber diameter for all the groups was 4.58 μm for the largest fibers and 574 nm for the smallest. The pore size of the scaffolds obtained were approximately 27.5 μm and 3.44 μm, respectively, for the largest and smallest fibers. The linkage of the laminin was confirmed by immunofluorescence assay. For the biological analysis, cell adhesion was greater in the PDLLA/Lam scaffolds with absorbance of 2.268± 0.494, in comparison with 1.264±0.473 for the control (PDLLA scaffold) and 1.159±0.120 for the PDLLA/NaOH scaffold. On day 7 of the viability analysis, the absorbance for the PDLLA scaffold was 1.148±0.411, the PDLLA/NaOH group was 1.380±0.501 and the PDLLA/Lam was 1.990±0.255. On day 14, the absorbance for groups 1, 2 and 3 were 1.032±0.169, 0.755±0.016, and 1.636±0.313, respectively. On day 21, the results were 2.204±0.317, 1.437±0.024, 2.811±0.477 respectively for groups 1, 2, and 3. In general, in terms of the biological analysis, the PDLLA/Lam group showed the best results for cell adhesion and viability tests. Histological analysis is being processed for greater understanding of the behavior of the cells interacted within the scaffolds. In conclusion, the PDLLA scaffolds, mainly the PDLLA/Lam groups, showed good results for the cocultivation of the cells, with good cell adhesion and the presence of viable cells. These biomaterials were capable of providing support for the growth of the cells, which was observed by the increase in the absorbance over time. Therefore, although histological analysis is still in progress, these scaffolds promise to be suitable biomaterials for use in tissue engineering.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23905

    ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. ; SILVA, DALTON G.N. da ; MORGADO, RAFAEL S. ; ZANATA, THIAGO; LEAL, LUIS G.M. ; MOREIRA, DAVISON de M.. Quantitative analysis of light elements using compact XRF spectrometers. In: RIO SYMPOSIUM ON ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, 14th, 02-07 de abril, 2017, Vitória, ES. Abstract... 2017.

    Abstract: The use of analytical techniques to investigate specific ions in body fluids has increase in last year’s presenting significant progress in clinical tests. This motivated us to check the performance of two compacts XRF spectrometers (X-123SDD, Amptek) consisting of Ag and Au X-ray mini-tubes associated with a Si Drift detector (25 mm2 x 500 μm) with Be window (12.5 μm) for this clinical finality. Using the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence technique (EDXRF) specific ions of clinical relevance, such as, Ca, Cl, Fe and K were investigated using standards (certified solutions). A simplified sample preparation procedure was proposed, i.e., the liquid samples were dripped in filter paper (Whatman, n° 41) and dried for a few seconds using infrared lamp and dry for few seconds using infrared lamp. The performance of these spectrometers were checked by evaluation of several parameter (linearity, reproducibility, accuracy, precision, sensitivity and detection limit) usually considered for validation procedures on analytical methods, in according to ISO 17025 and EURACHEM/CITAC norms. For simultaneous determination of these ions, the optimized excitation condition was established by 300s using 5μA and 30kV. The method was proved to give reliable results with limits of detection at levels of 0.23 to 0.58 mgL−1 for. Considering that the ranges of the body fluids, such as: blood, saliva, serum and urine, are in the order of hundreds of mg L-1, this procedure is very promising for ions dosage requiring a small amount of sample (50μL, 10 times less comparatively to the conventional tests), simultaneous analysis, short time of analysis (minutes) and simple sample preparation. In addition, this procedure offers a non-destructive alternative for clinical usage. Finally, these compact spectrometers have potential use when the biological material is scarce, case of the pediatric practice in newborns and premature infants (blood collection is the main cause of transfusions) and in vivo tests, in small size animal model (mice and rats), in order to evaluate the safety of new drugs, vaccines and others medical supplies.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23904

    SIMONS, SIMONE M.; LEAO, ANICARINE R. ; WEN, FAN H.; ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. . Comparative study of cl determination in antilonomic serum for caterpillars lonomia obliqua walker using EDXRF. In: RIO SYMPOSIUM ON ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, 14th, 02-07 de abril, 2017, Vitória, ES. Abstract... 2017.

    Abstract: The caterpillars Lonomia obliqua Walker (L. obliqua) species is very poisonous and has the ability to cause serious and fatal hemorrhagic effects in humans after contact [1]. The Butantan Institute (Research Center, São Paulo city) produces antilonomic serum (antidote), to reverse such effects, using caterpillars mainly from Paraná (PR) where the prevalence of incidents is high. However, in the last year, this species has present in various regions (Santa Catarina, São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul) from Brazil and there is no data of its elemental composition to ensure that the antivenom produced (considering the different origins) may be used to manufacture serum unchanged in the final product. Recent measurements identified mainly Cl was majority [2]. In this investigation, we intend to check the Cl range of the antigen obtained from Parana (standardize the antigen) using EDXRF. The XRF measurements were performed using MINI X-ray spectrometer (PXRFS) from Amptek (Bedford, MA, USA) model X-123 SDD with Ag X-ray tube. The characteristics X-ray fluorescent intensity of Cl was measured with a Si detector (Si Drift 25 mm2 x 500 μm/ 0.5 mil. The excitation was performed using 30 kV and 5 μA excitation for a counting time of 100s. The quantitative analysis was performed using WinQxas software program (IAEA, version 1.3). A comparison using data from Neutron Activation Analysis emphasizes a good agreement, suggesting the viability of using the compact spectrometer to monitor the antigens from different origins in fast and efficient way. These data can be used to standardize a specific antilonomic serum for caterpillars (L. obliqua) coming from different regions of Brazil, based in Cl range, which reduce cost in the serum production process, meeting the standards of good manufacturing practices and good laboratory practice.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23901

    SILVA, DALTON G.N. da ; METAIRON, SABRINA ; ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. ; SUZUKI, MIRIAM F. ; BUENO JUNIOR, CARLOS R.; RIZZUTTO, MARCIA de A.. Iron determination in whole blood samples of dystrophic mice strains using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. In: RIO SYMPOSIUM ON ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, 14th, 02-07 de abril, 2017, Vitória, ES. Abstract... 2017.

    Abstract: The use of alternative analytical techniques to investigate specific electrolytes in body fluids has increased in past years with the goal of adding advantages and simplifications, compared to the procedures used in conventional clinical practice. Specifically, in this study, a portable X-ray spectrometer (PXRFS) from Amptek (model X-123 SDD) with Ag X-ray mini-tube has been employed for the whole blood iron measurements in mice species with Muscular Dystrophy (Dmdmdx/J, SJL/J and A/J). The term whole blood refers to solid (cells) and liquid (plasma) components in blood. Usually the conventional procedures for clinical tests are performed in serum using samples of 0.5 to 1.0 mL. However, when the biological material is scarce (case of small size animal model, i.e. mice), the possibility to use whole blood became a fascinating alternative for clinical practice: the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDFRX) analyses, using PXRFS, can be done using 50 μL (the total body blood in mice is around 1.0 mL). In this study, we investigated whole blood samples of dystrophic mice strains, a genetic disease that cannot be reversed. In this investigation, twenty samples were investigated. The blood samples were obtained from Jackson Laboratory (Maine, USA) and further inbred at IPEN. The whole blood was collected by the retro–orbital venous plexus and immediately transferred to filter paper (Whatman n41), prior to its coagulation. No anticoagulants or reagents have been used to prevent interference on the results. This procedure simplify the preparation and conservation of biological samples: it is not a destructive procedure and the sample does not need refrigeration. The collection was performing according to the rules approved by Animal Research Ethics Committee (087/99). A comparative study between EDXFX and INAA (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis) data was also carried out and the results are in good agreement. This alternative procedure was capable, in a few minutes, to determine whole blood Fe concentrations higher than 6.5 mgL-1, without chemical digestion using direct and non-destructive analysis. The study of Fe behavior in whole blood samples of mice with muscular dystrophy contributes to its diagnosis.

    Palavras-Chave: x radiation; fluorescence spectroscopy; iron; x-ray fluorescence analysis; blood; mice

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  • IPEN-DOC 23898

    MARTINI, G.D.; ROGERO, S.O. ; AZEVEDO, J.D.; ROGERO, J.R. . Evaluation of DEET cytotoxicity on Perna perna mussels. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, 24th, May 11-15, 2014, Basel, Switzerland. Abstract... 2014. p. 164-164.

    Abstract: Recent studies have identified the presence of several emerging pollutants in aquatic environments. The occurrence in different environmental matrices has been continuously reported, highlighting the need for toxicity studies. Developed in the 1940s and present in many commercially available formulations, the DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) is the active agent used in most insect repellents. Several studies have been identified the DEET presence in surface water and in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent, so this compound is considered an emerging pollutant and studies indicate that DEET is only slightly toxic to aquatic organisms. Even nowadays the environmental destiny of DEET is not completely understood. Although DEET is considered a compound resistant to degradation and commonly found in surface water, there are not complete assessments for ecological risk of DEET, including studies evaluating chronic toxicity to aquatic organisms. In this study was evaluated the DEET toxicity and the effects caused in lysosomes of Perna perna mussels hemocytes. For this purpose, firstly was performed the acute toxicity assay to identify the DEET concentration that causes 50% mortality of exposed organisms to DEET concentrations in the range of 75 to 400 mg L-1 and the obtained lethal dose (LC50) was 114.27 mg L-1. To assess the stability of the lysosomal membrane in organisms exposed to this compound was carried out the cytotoxicity assay utilizing DEET concentrations in a range of 0.001 to 1.0 mg L-1. In fact, is important reinforce that the data of DEET cytotoxicity showed disturbances in Perna perna mussels in all tested concentrations.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23893

    AZEVEDO, J.D.; SILBIGER, H.N.; SARKIS, J.E. . Hepatic histopathological findings in Ariidae Cathorops spixii submitted to anthropogenic metal exposure in two Brazilian estuaries. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, 24th, May 11-15, 2014, Basel, Switzerland. Abstract... 2014. p. 150-150.

    Abstract: Histopathological lesions are used as biomarkers of contamination by organic and inorganic chemical compounds in the aquatic systems and can reflect chronic effects in sentinel species. Previous work demonstrated the ability of the catfish Cathorops spixii to be an efficient bioindicator species for metals contamination. Cananéia estuary is considered an area of environmental protection, and UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS), and as such, several biomonitoring studies in the São Paulo State, Brazil, use this estuary as a reference environment due to the fact that it shows very little human influence. However, in recent years, several studies have been indicating the presence of some toxic metals, for instance mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb). Santos-São Vicente estuary has a long history of contamination and release of pollutants, for instance metals such as Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn, Cu and Hg as a consequence of different anthropogenic activities such as petrochemical, metallurgical and harbor. In the present work, histopathological lesions in liver were investigated in the Ariidae Cathorops spixii from Cananéia estuary and in two sites affected by industrial and domestic sewage disposal, in order to verify the possible impact of the introduction of metals to the local fish species. Fish were collected in Cananéia and in two sites of the Santos São-Vicente estuary subjected to different anthropogenic influence (industrial and domestic sewage disposal). Biometric data (total length –TL- and total weight -TW- of each fish) was obtained and the fish dissected by collection of the hepatic liver to histopathological and metals analysis. Analyses of Hg was performed by FIA-CV AAS and Pb, Cd, Cu, Mn and Ni concentrations were determined by ICP MS. Fish from Cananéia showed higher levels of Mn (80%) and Cu (66%). The most important injuries observed in individuals from the impacted areas (industrial and domestic sewage) were the presence of necrotic areas, hepatitis focal, vacuolization and rupture of blood vessels. The occurrences of lesions were significantly higher in individuals from domestic and industrial area than in fish from Cananéia estuary (p>0.05).

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  • IPEN-DOC 23892

    AZEVEDO, J.D.; SARKIS, J.E. ; HORTELLANI, M.A. . Hepatic bioavailability of Total Mercury (THg) in Cichla sp from Tapajós River Region, Brazilian Amazon. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, 24th, May 11-15, 2014, Basel, Switzerland. Abstract... 2014. p. 360-361.

    Abstract: Most of the Hg occurring in the Amazon is of natural origin. However, the intense gold mining activity in the region has increased the levels of this toxic metal, especially in the middle section of the Tapajós River. Specimens of the Cichla genus have great economic and ecological significance, as they are the most consumed fish in the Brazilian Amazon region and are at the top of the Amazon food chain. In addition, they are a good indicator of Hg bioaccumulation because the concentrations of Hg in their tissues tend to reflect the accumulation process of successive exposure. A total of 26 adult specimens of Cichla sp were obtained by fisheries in the Tapajós River region’s contaminated gold mining area. In the laboratory, morphometric data of each fish was taken, for instance total length, total weight and sex. The liver tissue was removed from each specimen, washed with distilled water, packed in polyethylene identified bags and kept at - 20ºC for subsequent total mercury (THg) analysis. Assays were carry out in the total liver and in the cytosol hepatic fraction obtained by ultracentrifugation of the tissue in buffer Tris-HCl 10 mM, pH 7.4. The analyses were performed by flow injection Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FIA-CV AAS) with detection (DL) and quantification limits (QL) of 0.527 and 2.585 μg Kg-1, respectively. Individuals of C. sp had active gonadal maturation, including spawning and post-spawning individuals. The average length and total weight was 395 ± 51 mm and 840 ± 418 g, respectively. High levels of THg were obtained in the total liver ranging from 1.7 mg Kg-1 to 3.8 mg Kg-1. However, only 0.2% of the THg were available to the cytosol hepatic fraction. A significant and positive correlation (rs = 0.65) was found between the concentration of the THg in the total tissue and in the hepatic cytosol fraction. These data are a preliminary study with respect to the bioavailability of total mercury (THg) in different compartments of the hepatic tissue of C. sp in order to understand some aspects of the detoxification mechanism of this toxic metal in bioindicator species from the Amazon region. In fact, it was possible to observe differences in the transference of this important toxic metal into the cell and its linkage in the compartments.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23891

    AZEVEDO, J.D.; SARKIS, J.E. ; ROGERO, S.O. . Evaluation of the detoxification mechanisms of metals in aquatic organisms by characterization of hepatic metallothionein (MT). In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, 24th, May 11-15, 2014, Basel, Switzerland. Abstract... 2014. p. 151-151.

    Abstract: Metallothionein (MT) has been thoroughly used as a biomarker of metals exposure. MT is a low-molecular-weight protein which has many sulfhydryl groups due to the large amount of cysteine in the molecule. These sulfhydryl groups bind a variety of metals and therefore, presumably, make them less toxic to other cellular constituents. However, biochemistry aspects of the protein as isoforms identification and quantification and their specific mechanisms of detoxification in sentinel species are, as yet, weak. Previous data showed that fish, such as the catfish Cathrorops spixil, are efficient bioindicator species to metals contamination in coastal aquatic areas under anthropogenic influence, for instance inputs of Pb, Cd, Hg, Ni, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn. C. spixil is the most common catfish in the Brazilian coast and has a feeding habit mainly of materials and organisms upon the sediment, where the availability of contaminants is high. In order to understand intrinsic aspects of the detoxification process of toxic metals in sentinel species in natural and anthropogenic conditions, hepatic samples of C. spixii were collected in a non-polluted (Cananeia), as well as one polluted, estuary (Santos-São Vicente) and tested under different assays in order to establish an effective bioanalytical technique to purify the protein like-MT, identify and quantify the specific isoforms and the metal contents in the cell. Therefore, hepatic samples were submitted to ultracentrifugation, thermocoagulation and a chromatographic purification and identification of MT isoforms by size-exclusion-HPLC and anion-exchange-HPLC, respectively. The elution of the protein was made with online UV/Vis detection. Metals in hepatic cytosols were also quantified by HR-ICP-MS. Obtained results showed that the established protocol of bioanalytical technique was effective to purify MT-like protein by SE-HPLC and to identify its isoforms by AE-HPLC. With these analytical strategies, it was possible to identify two kinds of MT isoforms (MT-1 and MT-2) in the C. spixil. Fish MT-1 from polluted areas showed a strong linkage with the levels of Cu, Hg, Pb, Fe and Ni suggesting that the MT-1 is an effective biomarker of metal contamination.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23889

    VASCONCELLOS, MARINA B.A. ; ISHIKAWA, N.M.; PAIVA, M.J.T.R. de; LOMBARDI, J.V.; MOREIRA, E.G. . Study of methylmercury biomagnificationww in wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) fed with methylmercury contaminated Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In: ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ENVIRONMENT, 8th, May 13-16, 2013, Athens, Greece. Abstract... 2013. p. 55-55.

    Abstract: In the present paper, the biomagnification of methylmercury was studied in Wistar rats (Rattus norvergicus) fed with tilapia fish (Oreochromics niloticus) that were fed with diet contaminated with methylmercury. Wistar rats have several characteristics common to mammals in general and are frequently used in biomedical studies of physiological and morphological nature. Two groups of fish were fed with contaminated diet (Hg concentration 1= 1.03 ± 0.15 μg g-1 and Hg concentration 2 = 8.27 ± 1.25 μg g-1) and one group was fed with diet not contaminated with methylmercury (control group). The experiment was conducted for a period of forty two days. Afterwards, two groups of Wistar rats were fed, via gavage, with tilapia fish muscle diets, contaminated with methylmercury from the previous experiment (Hg concentration 1 = 0.31 ± 0.03 μg g -1 and Hg concentration 2 = 3.04 ± 0.94 μg g -1) for twenty eight days. Another group was fed in the same way with fish muscle diet from the controls of the tilapia experiment. The rats were fed with one gram of crushed and homogenized fish feed and afterwards they were fed ad libitum with their usual pelletized feed. In the rats, the blood and biochemical parameters as well as somatic relations were analyzed periodically and did not present significant differences between the evaluated groups. In the other hand, the rats that were fed with fish muscle containing the highest level of added methylmercury presented higher bioaccumulation of Hg in the kidney, liver, spleen, muscle and brain if compared to the group with lower added Hg. Methylmercury was determined as total Hg by CV AAS. The results showed the following comparative degree of accumulation of Hg: kidney > liver > spleen > muscle = brain.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23885

    SABUNDJIAN, GAIANE ; BELCHIOR JUNIOR, ANTONIO ; CONTI, THADEU das N. ; ROCHA, MARCELO da S. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de ; TORRES, WALMIR M. ; MACEDO, LUIZ A. ; UMBEHAUN, PEDRO E. ; MESQUITA, ROBERTO N. de ; LIMA, ANA C. de S. . Heat transfer mode in the core of the Angra 2 nuclear power plant during small break loca obtained with RELAP5 code. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 36., 1-5 de Setembro, 2013, São Sebastião, SP. Resumo... São Paulo: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2013. p. 1-1.

    Abstract: This work aims to identify the heat transfer mode with RELAP5/MOD3.2.gama code in the core of Angra 2 facility. The postulate accident is the Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) in the primary circuit for Small Break (SB), which is described in Chapter 15 of the Final Safety Analysis Report of Angra 2 (FSAR). The accident consists basically of the total break of the cold leg of Angra 2 facility. The rupture area considered was 380 cm2, which represents 100% of the primary circuit pipe °ow area. The Emergency Core Cooling System (ECCS) e±ciency is also tested in this accident. In this simulation, failure and repair criteria are adopted for the ECCS components in order to verify the system operation e±ciency - preserving the integrity of the reactor core and guaranteeing its cooling - as expected by the project design. SBLOCA accidents are characterized by a fast blowdown in the primary circuit to values that activate the low pressure injection system followed by the water injection from the accumulators. The thermal-hydraulic processes inherent to the accident phenomenon, such as hot leg vaporization and consequently core vaporization cause inappropriate °ow distribution in the reactor core that can lead to reduction in the core liquid level, up to the point that the ECCS is able to re°ood it. This work shows the mode numbers and the wall convection heat transfer used in the RELAP5 code that were accessed during the execution of the program. The results showed that the numerical simulations with RELAP5 were satisfactory and that the ECCS worked e±ciently, guaranteeing the integrity of the reactor core.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23872

    GONÇALVES, VITOR C. ; ZAHN, GUILHERME S. ; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. . Development of a novel data analysis procedure for half-life measurements. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 36., 1-5 de Setembro, 2013, São Sebastião, SP. Resumo... São Paulo: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2013. p. 1-1.

    Abstract: The precise determination of nuclear parameters for nuclides with a long half-life is of extreme relevance, as these nuclides are often used as standard radiation sources for calibration of detector systems, for instance. On the other hand, the determination of a precise value for the half-life of ling-lived nuclei can be di±cult, as it may require that the activity of a single radioactive source be followed for a long period of several months or even years. In a previous paper, the decay of 57Co and 60Co was studied using daily detector veri¯cation data from the Neutron Activation Analysis Lab of IPEN-CNEN/SP. In this analysis, the presence of many outliers in the datasets proved to be a big issue, so a robust data ¯tting procedure was developed. The aim of the present work was to enhance this data ¯tting method. The enhancement was attained using pre-¯tting ¯lters to deal with data points and uncertainties that fall too far from the perceived behavior of the data, thus reducing the possibility that these very gross outliers would interfere with the ¯tting procedure. Moreover, a software implementation of the ¯tting procedure was developed, written in the Python computing language. The aim is that this software, still in an early stage of development, will be able to ¯t experimental data (initially, decay curves) dealing properly with outliers that may exist in the original dataset.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23859

    LEVY, DEBORA; RUIZ, JORGE L.; BROCARDO, GRACIELA; FERREIRA, ADILSON; QUEIROZ, RODRIGO ; MARIA, DURVANEI; BYDLOWSKI, SERGIO; PEREIRA, JULIANA. In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of Azidothymidine in a human multiple myeloma cell line. In: ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING/EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY, 41st, August 23-26, 2012, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Abstract... Chicago, Illinois, USA: International Society for Experimental Hematology, 2012. p. S144-S144.

    Abstract: Azidothymidine (AZT) is an antiretroviral nucleoside analogous inhibitor of reverse transcriptase with known effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis Multiple myeloma is a severe disease and one of the steps involved in the malignant transformation of plasma cells is the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23858

    CARVALHO, A.A.T.; SANTOS, L.F.C.; GUEIROS, L.A.; BARKOKEBAS, A.; FONSECA, D.D.D.; CARDOSO, S.; FREITAS, P.M.; NOGUEIRA, G.E.C. ; LEAO, J.C.. Low-level laser therapy in the treatment of burning mouth syndrome. In: BIENNIAL CONGRESS OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL MEDICINE, 11th, September 13-15, 2012, Athens, Greece. Abstract... 2012. p. 29-29.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23851

    ZAHN, GUILHERME S. ; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. ; TICIANELLI, REGINA B. ; SAIKI, MITIKO . Long-term performance assessment of hpge detectors used in the neutron activation analysis (LAN) of IPEN-CNEN/SP (Brazil). In: ENCONTRO DE FISICA, 03-07 de setembro, 2016, Natal, RN. Abstract... São Paulo: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2016.

    Abstract: In nuclear spectroscopy measurements, the performance of the radiation detectors employed is a key issue in the final results; moreover, in comparative measurements, the results depend on the stability of the detector between measurements, so that the detector’s efficiency can be effectively ruled out of the equation. Due to the relevance of the detectors' performances, LAN-IPEN have been performing daily verification measurements in its operational detectors since 1999; this verification consists in the measurement of composite 57+60Co sources, in which the position, resolution and CPS (counts per second) for the 122 keV peak of 57Co and the 1332 keV peak of 60Co are registered, along with the date and time of the measurement. In this work, verification data for 11 HPGe detectors from two different makers and three different intrinsic configurations were analyzed in respect to the efficiency stability (determined by the arbitrary efficiency calculated by correcting the CPS for the isotope's decay) and resolution for both peaks, as well as the ratio between the efficiencies for 122 keV and 1332 keV. The results allow a discussion about the stability of these parameters over time (in some cases, more than 15 years), their sensitivity to imminent detector failures and their performance after a failure has been corrected; moreover, the results show a clear correlation between the maker or configuration and the long-term performance of the detector.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23850

    TANIGUSHI, ESTHER; FARIA, FERNANDA; PIMENTA, DANIEL; FANHANI, MARCELA; ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. ; MENDONÇA, RONALDO Z.; SIMONS, SIMONE M.. Characterization of inorganic elements, proteins and hemostatic activity present in coxal fluid of Ornithodoros brasiliensis (Acari: Arrgasidae). In: REUNIÃO CIENTIFICA ANUAL DO INSTITUTO BUTANTAN, 18., 31 de novembro - 02 de dezembro, 2016, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2016.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23841

    LEAO, A.R. ; ZAMBONI, C.B. ; SILVA, D.G.N. ; MEDEIROS, I.M.M.A. ; WEN, F.H.; ALINE, A.V.; MENDONÇA, R.Z.; SIMONS, S.M.. Quantification of Cl and Na in the antigen used for the production of serum antilonomic. In: REUNIÃO CIENTIFICA ANUAL DO INSTITUTO BUTANTAN, 18., 31 de novembro - 02 de dezembro, 2016, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2016.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23848

    REIS, S.L. ; MUCCILLO, E.N.S. . Electrical conductivity of La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-delta with small additiions of strontium gallate. In: ELECTROCERAMICS, 15th, June 27-29, 2016, Limoges, France. Abstract... 2016.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23847

    PIERETTI, E.F. ; COZZA, R.C.; NEVES, M.D.M. . Biotribological behaviour evaluation of the ISO 5832-1 stainless steel for biomedical applications treated by optical fiber laser. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOTRIBOLOGY, 3rd, September 11-14, 2016, London, UK. Abstract... 2016.

    Abstract: The present study evaluated the influence of an optical fiber laser surface treatment process on the tribological behaviour of the ISO 5832-1 austenitic stainless steel (SS) on the coefficient of friction and coefficient of wear in ball-cratering wear tests. For comparison reasons, surfaces non treated by laser were also evaluated. A phosphate buffer solution (PBS) was used as electrolyte. Samples of this biomaterial were treated by alternating the laser frequency in order to find out a condition that improves its tribological behaviour. Micro-abrasive wear tests were carried out with a ball of AISI 316L SS (diameter of 25.4 mm – 1”), used as counter-body, and abrasive slurries prepared with abrasive particles of Al2O3 and distilled water. The sample’s surfaces finishing were analyzed by optical and electronic (SEM-EDX) microscopy. The surface characterization showed microstructure modification due to the high temperatures involved in the laser process and the micro-abrasive wear results indicated that the tribological behaviour is influenced by the frequencies values used for the laser surface treatment.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23846

    NAVARRO, RAPHAELLA; MOURA, TIAGO F.A.; YOSHITO, WALTER K. ; ICHIKAWA, RODRIGO ; MARTINEZ, LUIZ G. ; MATOS, RONALDO V.R.; MIRANDA, JOSE R. de A.; SAEKI, MARGARIDA J.. The influence of synthesis parameters on the structure and acb response of Mn0.75 Zn0.25FeyO4 ferrite. In: INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS RESEARCH CONGRESS, 25th, August 14-19, 2016, Cancún, Mexico. Abstract... 2016.

    Abstract: The interest to use magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine has increased due to their inducible magnetic properties[1-4]. In the treatment of certain diseases as cancer, it has been used to constitute drug carrier systems[2,3] as well as hyperthermia agents[3,4]. These materials can also be used as a tracer in the diagnosis by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)[3,4] and Alternating Current Biosuceptometry (ACB)5, which are techniques that do not use ionizing radiation. Neverthless, the sensitivity of these techniques depend on the magnetic susceptibility of tracers. In this work, the ferrite nanoparticles with the composition of Mn0.75Zn0.25FeyO4 (ferrite), where 1.5 ? y ? 2.8, were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and the influence of iron content, reaction time and concentration of precipitating agent on the structure and ACB response was analyzed. It was noted that the synthesis using alkaline metal hydroxide between 0.1 and 0.2 mol/L provides single-phase materials with spinel structure [ICSD 28515 (PDF - 742 402), space group Fd3m]. The higher concentration (0.2 mol/L) leads to materials with higher crystallinity and adequate performance for the ACB technique. The longer the reaction time the greater is the magnetic susceptibility for compositions wherein the iron is in excess (y>2.0). Also, the susceptibility is higher for ferrites with excess of iron.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23849

    SILVA, DALTON G.N. da ; METAIRON, SABRINA ; ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. ; OLIVEIRA, ELAINE C. da R.; DAMASCENO, TATIANE N. da S.. Determination of iron supplementation in food fortification using X-RAY fluorescence technique (EDFRX). In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 39., 03-07 de setembro, 2016, Natal, RN. Abstract... 2016.

    Abstract: Anemia in Brazil is a public health problem due to iron-deficiency. In the last decade, according to National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) several strategies have been adopted for preventing iron deficiency in the Brazilian population, such as, the food fortification. However, this dysfunction is still a public health problem: the prevalence among children under 5 years’ old and pregnant women is in a range of 20-40 %. Recent studies have shown that Fe supplementation still inappropriately used: many foods fortified with iron does not reach the minimum amount or exceed the recommended limit. Among the foods highly consumed by the Brazilian population, wheat flour is a target of nutritional interest (fortified food with Fe). The application of a fast and precise methodology to iron evaluation becomes necessary. In this research various brands commercially available were evaluated using X-ray fluorescence technique (EDFRX). The results obtained show that in some cases it is in disagreement with the established limits.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23852

    ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. ; SILVA, DALTON G.N. da ; METAIRON, SABRINA ; MORGADO, RAFAEL S. ; MOREIRA, DAVISON de M.; MEDEIROS, JOSE A.G. de. Quali-quantitative analysis of specific elements using mini-XRF spectrometer. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 39., 03-07 de setembro, 2016, Natal, RN. Abstract... 2016.

    Abstract: The use of alternative analytical techniques to investigate specific elements in body fluids has increase in last year’s presenting significant progress in clinical chemistry. Recently, the Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence technique (EDXRF) using the Fundamental Parameters method showed to be adequate for the determination of several elements in biological samples (serum and blood) using the SHIMADZU Co. EDXRF spectrometer, Rayny 720 model, at IPEN/CNEN-SP. This motivated us to check the performance of the Mini-XRF spectrometer (X-123SDD, Amptek) consisting of an Ag X-ray tube associated with a Si Drift detector (25 mm2 x 500 μm) with Be window (12.5 μm) for this clinical finality. Some specific elements (Ca, Cl and Fe) were investigated using standard solutions. The calibration curves, the elemental sensitivity values as well as the detection and qualification limits were obtained. The results emphases that this spectrometer is very promising for this finality offering a new procedure for clinical practices.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23843

    METAIRON, S. ; ZAMBONI, C.B. ; SUZUKI, M.F. . Whole blood differences of inorganic elements in dystrophic animal models. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 39., 03-07 de setembro, 2016, Natal, RN. Abstract... 2016.

    Abstract: The Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) disease is characterized by presenting an irreversible progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle. Currently, no effective treatment is available and the DMD research progress depends on animal models. In order to evidence in more details the alterations that DMD disease may cause in blood a comparison of inorganic elements between two animal models (mouse and dog) with muscular dystrophy were made. The dystrophic models were obtained from different research centers at São Paulo city. Several inorganic elements of clinical and nutritional relevance were investigated using Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA). These measurements were performed in the nuclear reactor IEA-R1 (3.5- 4.5MW, pool type) at IPEN/CNEN-SP, Brazil. The knowledge of the elemental composition in these animal models may also help to identify the physiologic difference among them. Moreover, these data can be useful for biochemistry analyses contributing for studying in more details the anomalies caused by DMD.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23842

    METAIRON, S. ; ZAMBONI, C.B. ; SUZUKI, M.F. . Analytic techniques to assist the antivenom production in Brazil. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 39., 03-07 de setembro, 2016, Natal, RN. Abstract... 2016.

    Abstract: According to World Health Organization (WHO) the number of deaths by poisonous animals in developed countries is significant. The situation in Brazil has been monitored by SINAN (Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação) and currently 400 accidents occur every month, of which 80% are due to venomous snakebites of the genus Bothrops. To meet the large number of incidences, Instituto Butantan (research center, at Brazil) has produced various types of antivenomous including anti-Bothrops serum. However, the high diversity of snakes (~380 species), a large portion of them being venomous, it can sometimes result of an inappropriate antivenom. In addition, recent investigation showed that the Bothrops venom of certain species can vary significantly according to geographic distribution (in the Northern region the snake poison of jararaca is 30 times more potent than that found in the Southeast region). In this study, the inorganic elements concentration in blood of mice immunized with different species of Bothrops snake venoms were investigated using NAA and XRF techniques. Comparing the results permit to assess whether it is possible to use a single anti-Bothrops serum. Moreover, these results were compared with human estimative to prevent damage due to toxicity of these elements in the immunological therapy.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23840

    LEAO, ANICARINE R. ; ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. ; SILVA, DALTON G.N. da ; MEDEIROS, ILCA M.M.A. ; WEN, FAN H.; MENDONÇA, RONALDO Z.; SIMONS, SIMONE M.. Neutron Activation Analyses for investigation of antilonomic serum for caterpillars Lonomia obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 39., 03-07 de setembro, 2016, Natal, RN. Abstract... 2016.

    Abstract: Since 1996 the Butantan Institute (IBu, São Paulo city), in collaboration with the Health Departments of some Brazilian states, produces serum antilonomic using the caterpillars of the species L. obliqua from several regions of Brazil. However, no data of their elemental composition to ensure that the antivenom produced (considering the different origins) may be used to manufacture serum unchanged in the final product, as regards the toxicity of inorganic elements. In this investigation, we intend to check the elemental characterization of this antidote using Neutron Activation Analyses technique (NAA). The NAA measurements were performed in the IEA-R1 nuclear reactor (IPEN/CNEN-SP, Brasil). Each sample was irradiated by 120s and gamma counting by 300s using HPGe detector (ORTEC-GEM 60195) coupled to a MCA (ORTEC - 919E). The elements concentration were obtained using the ATIVAÇÃO software. These quantitative analyzes of the antilonomic serum will generate data to evaluate the possibility of establishing a standard extract, which would reduce costs in the antilonomic serum production process, as well as improvements in serum production process antilonomic in the Butantan Institute, meeting the standards of good manufacturing practices and good laboratory practice.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23839

    LEAL, LUIS G.M. ; ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. ; MEDEIROS, JOSE A.G. de; NASCIMENTO, ROBERTO M. do; MENDONÇA, RONALDO Z.; SIMONS, SIMONE M.. Elemental characterization of the extract of propolis produced by Scaptotrigona Aff. Postica bee from Brazil. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 39., 03-07 de setembro, 2016, Natal, RN. Abstract... 2016.

    Abstract: The Scaptotrigona Aff Postica bee is an insect stingless belonging to Apidae family and subfamily Meliponinae. This genus occurs throughout in Neotropics. In Brazil, it is found in the northeastern mainly in the Barra do Corda County (Maranhão). Specifically, the propolis produced by this bee have several medical applications: it is used in the healing of wounds with an inflammatory process, in treatment of prostate tumors and, it has activity against herpes and rubella virus. Considering its importance in medicinal use and the great variability in relation to botanical origin, its standardization in relation to the dosage of inorganic elements is important to meet the different medical applications. The objective of this investigation was to perform its multielemental characterization using Neutron Activation Analysis technique. The measurements were performed using the IEA - R1 nuclear reactor at IPEN - CNEN/SP, Brasil. These data increase the knowledge of its inorganic components and can introduce improvements in the production these extracts of propolis, mainly as regards to toxicity.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23838

    LEAL, L.G.M. ; ZAMBONI, C.B. ; SIMON, M.S.; NASCINTO, R.M.; MENDONÇA, R.Z.. Caracterização multielementar da própolis de scaptotrigona AFF. postica utlizando técnica analítica. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE APICULTURA, 21.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE MELIPONICULTURA, 7., 4-7 maio, 2016, Fortaleza, CE. Resumo... 2016.

    Abstract: A própolis é formada com diferentes componentes químicos: resinas, ceras, óleos voláteis, o pólen e outras substâncias. Especificamente, o extrato de própolis produzidos pela abelha Scaptotrigona AFF. Postica têm várias aplicações médicas. No Brasil é encontrada no Nordeste, principalmente na Barra do Corda (Maranhão). Dada a sua importância para uso medicinal e da grande variabilidade em relação à origem botânica, sua padronização em relação à dosagem de elementos inorgânicos é importante para atender as diferentes aplicações médicas. O objetivo desta investigação foi realizar uma caracterização multielementar utilizando a técnica analítica de Ativação por Nêutrons (AAN). Para a realização das medidas alíquotas de 0,1mL de extrato de propolis (em triplicata) foram pipetado em papel de filtro, utilizando uma micropipeta calibrada, o qual é exposto à luz infravermelho para secagem. O princípio da técnica de AAN baseia-se na irradiação da amostra (própolis) com nêutrons gerando espectros de raios gama referentes aos elementos constituintes do propolis que foram ativados. A partir do cálculo da área dessas radiações é possível obter a concentração dos elementos. Amostras de extrato propolis provenientes de Barra do Corda foram irradiadas com nêutrons (por 5 minutos) no Reator de Pesquisas do IPEN/CNEN-SP e as analisadas por Espectrometria de Raios Gama utilizando espectrômetro de Germânio Hiperpuro (HPGe da ORTEC). O valor médio para a concentração dos elementos inorgânicos (considerando ±1Desvio Padrão) foi obtido utilizando o software ATIVAÇÃO e são expressos por: 1,4± 0,3 mg/kg (Br); 284±40 mg/kg (Ca); 0,786 ±0,071 g/kg (Cl); 0,501±0,065 g/kg (K); 0,317± 0,043 g/kg (Mg); 0,109±0,010 g/kg (Na); 1,15±0,33 g/kg (S). Esses dados constituem a primeira estimativa quali – quantitativa da própolis produzida por colônias de Scaptotrigona Aff. Postica e podem introduzir melhorias na produção destes extratos, principalmente no que diz respeito à toxicidade. Alem disso, geram conhecimento que podem auxiliar os profissionais da saúde a avaliar e seu uso em tratamentos promissores (como bactericida, fungicida e antiviral).

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  • IPEN-DOC 23837

    GROSSO, R.L. ; REIS, S.L. ; MUCCILLO, E.N.S. . Enhanced electrical conductivity of zirconia-scandia with niobia addition. In: EUROPEAN MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SPRING MEETING AND EXHIBIT, May 2-6, 2016, Lille, France. Abstract... 2016.

    Abstract: The electrical conductivity and the crystalline structure of zirconia-10 mol% scandia-x mol% niobia solid electrolytes were investigated for x=0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mol%. Dense specimens with relative densities higher than 95% were obtained by solid state reaction and sintering at 1500ºC for 5 h. Full stabilization of the cubic structure at room temperature was obtained for compositions with x=0.50 and 1.00, whereas for x=0.25 cubic and rhombohedric structures coexist. The electrical conductivity determined by impedance spectroscopy is of the same order of magnitude as that of the parent solid electrolyte (zirconia-10 mol% scandia) in the high temperature range (above 600ºC). The isothermal conductivity of the solid electrolyte with x=0.50 mol% niobium oxide remains constant up to 100 h at 600ºC.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23834

    BARBEZAN, A.B. ; SALES, B.R.; MARTINS, R. ; BUENO, J.B. ; SANTELLI, G.M.M.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H. . Potential evaluation of cytotoxic 2-tetradecylcyclobutanone lineage in cellular BRL 3A - studies in vitro. In: CONGRESSO DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE BIOLOGIA CELULAR, 18th, 13-16 de julho, 2016, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... 2016.

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A pesquisa no RD utiliza os recursos de busca da maioria das bases de dados. No entanto algumas dicas podem auxiliar para obter um resultado mais pertinente.

✔ É possível efetuar a busca de um autor ou um termo em todo o RD, por meio do Buscar no Repositório , isto é, o termo solicitado será localizado em qualquer campo do RD. No entanto esse tipo de pesquisa não é recomendada a não ser que se deseje um resultado amplo e generalizado.

✔ A pesquisa apresentará melhor resultado selecionando um dos filtros disponíveis em Navegar

✔ Os filtros disponíveis em Navegar tais como: Coleções, Ano de publicação, Títulos, Assuntos, Autores, Revista, Tipo de publicação são autoexplicativos. O filtro, Autores IPEN apresenta uma relação com os autores vinculados ao IPEN; o ID Autor IPEN diz respeito ao número único de identificação de cada autor constante no RD e sob o qual estão agrupados todos os seus trabalhos independente das variáveis do seu nome; Tipo de acesso diz respeito à acessibilidade do documento, isto é , sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, ID RT apresenta a relação dos relatórios técnicos, restritos para consulta das comunidades indicadas.

A opção Busca avançada utiliza os conectores da lógica boleana, é o melhor recurso para combinar chaves de busca e obter documentos relevantes à sua pesquisa, utilize os filtros apresentados na caixa de seleção para refinar o resultado de busca. Pode-se adicionar vários filtros a uma mesma busca.

Exemplo:

Buscar os artigos apresentados em um evento internacional de 2015, sobre loss of coolant, do autor Maprelian.

Autor: Maprelian

Título: loss of coolant

Tipo de publicação: Texto completo de evento

Ano de publicação: 2015

✔ Para indexação dos documentos é utilizado o Thesaurus do INIS, especializado na área nuclear e utilizado em todos os países membros da International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA , por esse motivo, utilize os termos de busca de assunto em inglês; isto não exclui a busca livre por palavras, apenas o resultado pode não ser tão relevante ou pertinente.

✔ 95% do RD apresenta o texto completo do documento com livre acesso, para aqueles que apresentam o significa que e o documento está sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, solicita-se nesses casos contatar a Biblioteca do IPEN, bibl@ipen.br .

✔ Ao efetuar a busca por um autor o RD apresentará uma relação de todos os trabalhos depositados no RD. No lado direito da tela são apresentados os coautores com o número de trabalhos produzidos em conjunto bem como os assuntos abordados e os respectivos anos de publicação agrupados.

✔ O RD disponibiliza um quadro estatístico de produtividade, onde é possível visualizar o número dos trabalhos agrupados por tipo de coleção, a medida que estão sendo depositados no RD.

✔ Na página inicial nas referências são sinalizados todos os autores IPEN, ao clicar nesse símbolo será aberta uma nova página correspondente à aquele autor – trata-se da página do pesquisador.

✔ Na página do pesquisador, é possível verificar, as variações do nome, a relação de todos os trabalhos com texto completo bem como um quadro resumo numérico; há links para o Currículo Lattes e o Google Acadêmico ( quando esse for informado).

ATENÇÃO!

ESTE TEXTO "AJUDA" ESTÁ SUJEITO A ATUALIZAÇÕES CONSTANTES, A MEDIDA QUE NOVAS FUNCIONALIDADES E RECURSOS DE BUSCA FOREM SENDO DESENVOLVIDOS PELAS EQUIPES DA BIBLIOTECA E DA INFORMÁTICA.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

1. Portaria IPEN-CNEN/SP nº 387, que estabeleceu os princípios que nortearam a criação do RDI, clique aqui.


2. A experiência do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) na criação de um Repositório Digital Institucional – RDI, clique aqui.

O Repositório Digital do IPEN é um equipamento institucional de acesso aberto, criado com o objetivo de reunir, preservar, disponibilizar e conferir maior visibilidade à Produção Científica publicada pelo Instituto, desde sua criação em 1956.

Operando, inicialmente como uma base de dados referencial o Repositório foi disponibilizado na atual plataforma, em junho de 2015. No Repositório está disponível o acesso ao conteúdo digital de artigos de periódicos, eventos, nacionais e internacionais, livros, capítulos, dissertações, teses e relatórios técnicos.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.