Reposiório IPEN: Recent submissions

  • IPEN-DOC 28654

    BOAS, CRISTIAN A.W.V. ; SILVA, JEFFERSON de J. ; DIAS, LUIS A.P. ; FREIRE, MARIA R.B. ; BALIEIRO, LUIZA M. ; SANTOS, CAROLINA S.F. dos ; VIVALDINI, BIANCA F. ; BENEDETTO, RAQUEL ; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. ; PASSOS, PRISCILA de Q.S. ; MARUMO, MARIA H. ; TEIXEIRA, LUIS F.S. ; ARAUJO, ELAINE B. de . In vitro and in vivo response of PSMA-617 radiolabeled with CA and NCA lutetium-177. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 180, p. 1-7, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.110064

    Abstract: The PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy has been explored since 2015 with radioisotope lutetium-177, whose β− emission range is adequate for micrometastases treatment. This radioisotope is obtained by two different production routes that directly affect the specific activity of lutetium-177 (non-carrier added and carrier added) and, consequently, the specific activity of radiopharmaceuticals, like 177Lu-PSMA-617. The influence of the specific activity of lutetium-177 on the properties of the radiopharmaceutical PSMA-617 was evaluated through pre-clinical studies. The in vitro study pointed to a lower constant of dissociation with non-carrier added lutetium-177 due to the difference in the specific activity. However, competition and internalization assays resulted in similar results for both lutetium-177. Based on these pre-clinical experiments, the total in vitro tumor cell binding and tumor uptake in vivo were similar, with no influence of the specific activity of the 177Lu-PSMA-617. Regardless the specific activity did not directly affect tumor uptake, the tumor/non-target organs ratios were higher for the radiopharmaceutical labeled with carrier added lutetium-177, which had the lowest specific activity.

    Palavras-Chave: prostate; membranes; antigens; lutetium 177; activity levels; in vivo; in vitro; in vitro; radiopharmaceuticals; neoplasm

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  • IPEN-DOC 28653

    GARCIA, VANESSA S.G. ; TALLARICO, LENITA de F.; ROSA, JORGE M. ; NAKANO, ELIANA; BORRELY, SUELI I. . Avaliação ecotoxicológica de efluente têxtil submetido a radiação ionizante. In: ENCONTRO BRASILEIRO DE MALACOLOGIA, 27.; SIMPÓSIO LATINO AMERICANO DE JOVENS TAXONOMISTAS, 5., 4-8 de outubro, 2021, Online. Resumo... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Malacologia - SBMa, 2021. p. 162-162.

    Abstract: O setor têxtil demanda elevada quantidade de água para o processo de beneficiamento das fibras, e adicionalmente gera um grande volume de efluente colorido e com diversos contaminantes. Estes são responsáveis por uma parcela importante na degradação dos corpos hídricos em diversas regiões do mundo, causando efeitos adversos aos ecossistemas. Devido a elevada carga tóxica, composição e coloração, geralmente esses efluentes necessitam de tratamentos complementares para melhorar a degradação. Desta forma, tem-se buscado tecnologias mais eficientes para a oxidação destes contaminantes, com ênfase para os processos oxidativos avançados, como a irradiação por feixe de elétrons. O processo com radiação ionizante promove a radiólise da água com formação de radicais hidroxila ou produtos moleculares que atuam na degradação dos compostos orgânicos. O presente estudo dedicou-se a análise da toxicidade aguda de um efluente têxtil (contendo corante reativo Red 239) em dois níveis tróficos do ambiente aquático, o microcrustáceo Daphnia similis e o caramujo Biomphalaria glabrata. A exposição para D. similis foi de 48 horas e o efeito observado foi a imobilidade dos organismos expostos, já para B. glabrata a exposição foi de 24h e observada a letalidade. Os resultados de toxicidade foram expressos pela CE(L)50 (Concentração efetiva/letal mediana). A radiação ionizante por feixe de elétrons foi proposta como tecnologia para tratamento do efluente visando a redução da toxicidade, sendo avaliadas as doses de 2,5 kGy e 5 kGy. As amostras foram irradiadas em Acelerador de Elétrons (Dynamitron®), com energia fixada em 1,4 MeV. A eficiência da irradiação quanto à redução de toxicidade foi obtida a partir dos valores de CE(L)50, transformados para unidade de toxicidade (UT= 100/CE(L)50). Com relação ao efeito agudo para os organismos avaliados, pode-se observar que o efluente bruto foi mais tóxico para o microcrustáceo, com CE50= 9,61% enquanto para B. glabrata foi obtido o valor de CL50=25,09%. As amostras irradiadas, os valores em relação a redução da toxicidade foram melhores se comparados ao efluente bruto: D. similis, CE50%= 12,62 (2,5 kGy); 17,24 (5 kGy), B. glabrata, CL50= 63% (2,5 kGy) e 70,71% (5 kGy). A partir da dose de 2,5 kGy já foi possível observar eficiência em relação a redução da toxicidade para ambos os organismos. Com 5 kGy, a eficiência em relação a redução de efeitos agudos foi superior a 64% em B. glabrata e superior a 44% para D. similis. Os resultados aqui obtidos confirmam que efluentes industriais, como os do setor têxtil, são críticos do ponto de vista de contaminação ambiental, destacando, assim, a necessidade de melhor gerenciamento, tratamento e descarte adequados destes efluentes. Com a tecnologia por feixe de elétrons, foram obtidos dados promissores em termos de tratamento com diminuição significativa da toxicidade.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28652

    GARCIA, VANESSA S.G. ; TOMINAGA, FLAVIO K. ; BOIANI, NATHALIA F. ; SILVA, THALITA T. ; ROSA, JORGE M. ; BORRELY, SUELI I. . Avaliação da toxicidade de surfactantes não iônico e aniônico submetidos a tratamento por feixe de elétrons. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ECOTOXICOLOGIA, 16., 16-19 de agosto, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28651

    TODO, ALBERTO S. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, ORLANDO . Materiais radioativos e radiação ionizante. In: OGA, SEIZI (Ed.); CAMARGO, MARCIA M. de A. (Ed.); BATISTUZZO, JOSE A. de O. (Ed.). Fundamentos de toxicologia. 5 ed.. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Atheneu, 2021. p. 199-208, cap. 17.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28650

    SARTORI, M.N. ; CASTRO, D.P. ; VALENZUELA-DIAZ, F.R.; SILVA, L.G.A. . The incorporation of the Light Green clay in the textile polyamide residues. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.); SOMAN, RAJIV (Ed.); MOSER, ALEX (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2021. p. 587-593, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65493-1_60

    Abstract: The aim of this work is to evaluate the possibility to use textile residues of polyamide with elastane that are discarded by the industry as a matrix of a new polymer-clay composite material, evaluated on a manometric scale, and to propose a way of recycling for these materials. At the same time, with nanocomposite technology, value is added to this material. In this work, polyamide of textile residues from industrywas used. These materials were first processed in a compacter machine. Composites at 1, 2, and 3% by weight of Light Green clay/polyamide were prepared by double screw extrusion. The properties of the composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), tensile, flexural, impact tests, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results obtained were compared with the neat textile polyamide properties. It was concluded that it is feasible to recycle the textile residues of polyamide, and that the addition of clay, at the doses studied in this work, could lead to the obtaining of composite materials with better mechanical than untreated ones.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28649

    OLIVEIRA, JOAO M.; VERNUCIO, SILMARA L.; FREDIANI, LARISSA; ANTUNES, PAULA C.G. ; YORIYAZ, HELIO . O método de Análise de Modos de Falha e de seus Efeitos (FMEA) como ferramenta de decisão para os testes de comissionamento de novos sistemas / The use of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis as a decision tool for novel equipment commissioning tests. Revista Brasileira de Física Médica, v. 15, p. 1-7, 2021. DOI: 10.29384/rbfm.2021.v15.19849001576

    Abstract: Foi proposta a utilização da Análise de Modos de Falha e de suas Consequências (FMEA) como ferramenta de decisão para a escolha e priorização dos testes de comissionamento para novos equipamentos. Um aplicador Vienna para braquiterapia ginecológica intersticial foi utilizado como caso de estudo. Escalas de 1 a 5 foram utilizadas para classificar os riscos segundo a sua ocorrência, severidade e detectabilidade. Foram identificados 12 riscos e como resultado da sua classificação nove testes foram selecionados para o comissionamento. O índice de priorização do risco (RPN) médio mais elevado para o aplicador foi de 21,3 correspondente a 17% do máximo possível (125) e o mais baixo de 1,4. Em relação a sua classificação, 33,3% dos riscos tiveram RPN superior a 10 e 25% foram classificados com valor inferior a 5. Nenhum risco teve severidade superior ou igual a 4. Os três primeiros riscos por ordem de prioridade foram de naturezas diversas, sendo o primeiro e o segundo riscos de parâmetro físico, e o terceiro de software. Os testes finais selecionados após a classificação foram os listados inicialmente com base apenas nos riscos. Entretanto, a classificação dos riscos serviu de base para justificar a sua escolha. O método proposto permitiu a determinação dos testes ideais para o comissionamento do aplicador em questão, bem como a identificação dos testes mais críticos e prioritários.

    Palavras-Chave: brachytherapy; decision making; equipment; failure mode analysis; gynecology; radiation source; implants; risk assessment

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  • IPEN-DOC 28648

    FUNGARO, DENISE A. ; SILVA, KATIA C. ; MAHMOUD, ALAA E.D.. Aluminium tertiary industry waste and ashes samples for development of zeolitic material synthesis. Journal of Applied Materials and Technology, v. 2, n. 2, p. 66-73, 2021. DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.2.2.66-73

    Abstract: Wastes generated in large amounts have been recognized as sustainable sources of raw materials for the synthesis of adsorbents. The synthesis of zeolite through wastes recycling of two different ash sources (coal bottom ash and sugarcane waste ash) and industrial aluminum waste was evaluated. The molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 for zeolite 4A formation was achieved by the addition of aluminum waste from tertiary industry as aluminum source. Coal bottom ash and sugarcane waste ash were used as a source of both silica and alumina. The synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The analysis of the properties of the products demonstrates that the by-products can be used to produce zeolite A. The utilization of synthesized zeolites as adsorbent for cadmium removal from aqueous solution was conducted following the concept of implementation of utilization of waste materials as a component of the circular economy in the wastewater sector.

    Palavras-Chave: industrial wastes; aluminium; sugar cane; ashes; zeolites; hazardous materials; waste management

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  • IPEN-DOC 20254

    TOMACHUK, CELIA R.; COSTA, ISOLDA . Efeito da corrente pulsada na composição e estrutura da liga ZnCo eletrodepositada. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE CORROSÃO, 34.; INTERNATIONAL CORROSION MEETING, 5th.; CONGRESO IBEROAMERICANO DE CORROSIÓN Y PROTECCIÓN, 10th.; CONCURSO DE FOTOGRAFIA DE CORROSÃO E DEGRADAÇÃO DE MATERIAIS, 19.; EXPOSIÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIAS PARA PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE DA CORROSÃO, 34, 19-23 de maio, 2014, Fortaleza, CE. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Corrosão – ABRACO, 2014. p. 1-11.

    Abstract: As técnicas de modulação de corrente aplicadas à eletrodeposição podem ser consideradas como uma “evolução recente”, apesar da primeira aplicação ter sido realizada em 1893, na Alemanha. Essas técnicas têm sido raramente utilizadas. No entanto, nos últimos anos é possível constatar um crescente interesse visando otimização do processo de eletrodeposição de metais e ligas e da qualidade dos eletrodepósitos. Neste trabalho, foi investigado o efeito da frequência na faixa de 10 Hz a 1000 Hz, fixando a densidade de corrente média, a densidade de corrente catódica e o ciclo de trabalho, e variando o tempo “on” e o tempo “off”, na estrutura e composição de eletrodepósitos de ZnCo obtidos por corrente pulsada. Foi possível observar diferentes morfologias. Eletrodepósitos compactos e sem microporosidades foram obtidos na faixa de frequência entre 20 Hz a 166 Hz (região faradáica) com teor de cobalto na liga entre 0,8 % a 1,1 %. Os resultados foram comparados com eletrodepósitos de ZnCo obtidos por corrente contínua.

    Palavras-Chave: electrodeposition; zinc alloys; cobalt alloys; coatings; currents; pulses

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  • IPEN-DOC 20150

    QUEIROZ, F.M. ; SERE, P.R.; ELSNER, C.I.; DI SARLI, A.R.; TOMACHUK, C.R.; COSTA, I. . Study of the corrosion behavior of electrogalvanised steel/Cr(III) and Zr conversion layer/paint system by electrochemical and visual methods. In: EUROPEAN CORROSION CONGRESS, September 8-12, 2014, Pisa, Italy. Abstract... 2014.

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  • IPEN-DOC 20149

    COSTA, SANDRA M.C.; REGINALDO, EMERSON I.; COSTA, ISOLDA . Resistência à corrosão de ligas de ferros fundidos perlítico e bainítico em uma solução sintética de condensado a partir dos gases de combustão / Corrosion resistance of pearlitic and bainitic cast iron in a synthetic solution of condensed gas from combustion. Tecnologia em Metalurgia, Materiais e Mineração, v. 12, n. 1, p. 20-28, 2015. DOI: 10.4322/2176-1523.0740

    Abstract: A corrosão em componentes motores presentes na câmara de combustão é normalmente relacionada à formação de ácidos, como sulfúrico e nítrico, neste ambiente. Estes ácidos são gerados pela condensação dos gases de combustão que acontece geralmente nos sistemas de exaustão dos veículos. No entanto, com o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias destinadas à redução das emissões, a condensação também está sendo promovida nas câmaras de combustão de veículos. Este fato está associado às altas taxas de recirculação de gases de escape, conhecido como EGR, (termo em inglês para Exhaust Gas Recirculation). Consequentemente, os problemas de corrosão nos componentes de motores estão aumentando, especialmente em camisas de cilindros fabricados em ligas de ferro fundido. Neste estudo, foi investigada a resistência à corrosão de duas ligas de ferro fundido, uma com microestrutura perlítica e outra com microestrutura bainítica, em uma solução que simula a composição do condensado obtido a partir dos gases de combustão. Verificou-se que a microestrutura do ferro fundido é um fator determinante, afetando o comportamento de corrosão. Os resultados mostraram que nenhum dos dois materiais investigados é resistente à corrosão no meio de ensaio, e a pequena diferença observada entre os comportamentos dos dois ferros fundidos, foi associada às suas microstruturas, as quais são dependentes de suas composições químicas. O ferro fundido com microestrutura perlítica apresentou menor formação de produtos de corrosão do que o ferro fundido de microestrutura bainítica. Este resultado foi relacionado à presença da fase steadita, altamente estável e resistente à corrosão, na microestrutura perlítica, a qual ancora os produtos de corrosão formados na superfície. Estes atuam como uma barreira parcial retardando o processo de avanço da corrosão, mais pronunciado no ferro fundido bainítico que não apresenta fase steadita.

    Palavras-Chave: corrosion; cast iron; flue gas; exhaust recirculation systems

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  • IPEN-DOC 20147

    BALDO, FERNANDO B.; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.C.H. ; SCHMIDT, FLAVIO L.; RAGA, ADALTON. Gamma radiation as a potential phytosanitary squash treatment for the control of Anastrepha grandis (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Annual Research & Review in Biology, v. 36, n. 4, p. 19-31, 2021. DOI: 10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i430360

    Abstract: Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are the primary pests of horticultural crops worldwide, causing both direct and indirect damage to the fruit production, including Anastrepha grandis (Macquart, 1846), which exclusively infests Cucurbitaceae fruit. Dose-response tests were used to examine the effects of gamma radiation exposure on 24 – 48 h old eggs and third instar larvae, both in vitro and in Atlas squashes (Cucurbita moschata). The following physicochemical properties of Atlas squashes exposed to gamma radiation were evaluated: titratable total acidity, sugar, pH, external colouration, and texture. It was found that under in vitro conditions, a 20.0 Gy dose of gamma radiation was able to prevent larval eclosion, but a 200 Gy dose was necessary to prevent emergence after the exposure of third instar larvae. In Atlas squashes, 200 and 250 Gy doses of gamma radiation were able to prevent the emergence of A. grandis adults from eggs and larvae, respectively. The radiation doses estimated by Probit 9 to prevent emergence from squashes infested with eggs and third instar larvae were 257.13 Gy and 270.25 Gy respectively. The use of gamma radiation did not significantly affect the physicochemical properties of Atlas squashes, which suggested that gamma radiation may represent a potentially useful technique for the quarantine control of A. grandis in cucurbits.

    Palavras-Chave: fruit flies; insects; diptera; food processing; bioassay; gamma radiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 17283

    BARDI, MARCELO A.G. ; MUNHOZ, MARA de M.L. ; MACHADO, LUCI D.B. . Effect of transition metal salts on color, gloss and hardness of EB-cured pigmented coatings for polymeric substrates. In: DUDALA, JOANNA (Ed.); STEGOWSKI, ZDZISLAW (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES, September 11-14, 2011, Krakow, Poland. Abstract... Krakow, Poland: Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 2011. p. 63-63.

    Abstract: For the last 30 years, UV/EB radiation has been largely used to cure varnishes, inks, adhesives and coatings in order to improve productivity, increase product performance and eliminate hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [1-2]. Practically, the use of EB curing is more restricted than UV probably because of an apparently higher complexity and investment cost [3]. The desired final material is a cured and cross-linked polymer [4], but, in contrast, thermosetting networks endow excellent thermal and chemical stability, even at environmental conditions after the product is discharged [5]. An alternative can be incorporating compounds (i.e. metal transition salts) that can induce, under controlled conditions, photo-generated holes and electrons that can combine with the surface adsorbed species (e.g., water and oxygen) to form highly reactive radical species such as hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion [6]. So, the aim of this work is to analyze the effects of the presence of two metallic stearates in EB-cured pigmented coatings formulations by means of changes on gloss, hardness and color as a function of radiation doses in the studied range.

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  • IPEN-DOC 15721

    MARTINS, J.F.T. ; COSTA, F.E. ; SANTOS, R.A. ; MESQUITA, C.H. ; HAMADA, M.M. . A comparative study on the performance of radiation detectors from the HgI2 crystals grown by different techniques. In: DUDALA, JOANNA (Ed.); STEGOWSKI, ZDZISLAW (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES, September 11-14, 2011, Krakow, Poland. Abstract... Krakow, Poland: Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 2011. p. 192-192.

    Abstract: There have been attempts to develop room-temperature X- and gamma ray semiconductor detectors for various applications. The main physical semiconductor properties required for fabrication of room temperature semiconductor detectors are: (1) high atomic number; (2) high density; (3) high absorption coefficient; (4) a band gap large enough to keep leakage currents low, at room temperature and (5) large electron and hole mobility-lifetime products, for an efficient charge collection [1, 2]. Among these types of detectors, HgI2 has emerged as a particularly interesting material in view of its wide band gap (2.13 eV) and its large density (7.5 g/cm3 ). HgI2 crystals are composed of high atomic number elements (ZHg=80 and Zi=53) and with high resistivity (>1014 ficm). These are important factors in applications where compact and small thickness detectors are necessary for X- and gamma rays measurements. However, the applications of Hgi2 are limited by the difficulty in obtaining high-quality single crystals and the long-term reliability problems in devices made from crystals [1]. in this work, the Hgi2 crystals were grown using four different techniques: (a) physical vapor transport, (b) solution from dimethyl sulfoxide complexes, (c) vapor growth of HgI2 precipitated from acetone and (d) Bridgman method. The obtained crystals for four methods were characterized considering the following physical chemistry properties: crystal stoichiometry, crystal structure, plan of the crystal orientation, surface morphology of the crystal and crystal impurity. The influence of these physical chemistry properties on the crystals developed by four techniques was studied, evaluating their performance as a radiation detector. The best result of radiation response was found for the crystal grown by physical vapor transport. Also, the dependence of the radiation response on the HgI2 crystal purity was also studied. For this, the HgI2 raw material was purified by the many pass zone refining technique. A significant improvement in the characteristics of the detector-crystal was achieved, when the starting materials became purer.

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  • IPEN-DOC 15453

    CALVO, WILSON A.P. ; MESQUITA, CARLOS H. de ; SPRENGER, FRANCISCO E. ; COSTA, FABIO E. da ; SALVADOR, PABLO A.V. ; CARVALHO, DIEGO V. de S. ; HAMADA, MARGARIDA M. . Development of the mechanical system on a third-generation industrial computed tomography scanner in Brazil. In: DUDALA, JOANNA (Ed.); STEGOWSKI, ZDZISLAW (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES, September 11-14, 2011, Krakow, Poland. Abstract... Krakow, Poland: Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 2011. p. 133-133.

    Abstract: The development of measurement geometry for medical X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanners carried out from the first to the fourth-generation. This concept has also been applied for imaging of industrial processes such as pipe flows or for improving design, operation, optimization and troubleshooting. Nowadays, gamma CT permits to visualize failure equipment points in three-dimensional analysis and in sections of chemical and petrochemical industries. The aim of this work is the development of the mechanical system on a third-generation industrial CT scanner to analyze laboratory gas absorption column which perform highly efficient separation, turning the 60Co, 137Cs or 192Ir sealed gamma-ray source and the NaI(Tl) multidetector array. It has also a translation movement along the column axis to obtain as many slices of the process flow as needed. The mechanical assembly for this third-generation industrial CT scanner is comprised by strength and rigidity structural frame in stainless and carbon steels, rotating table, source shield and collimator with pneumatic exposure system, spur gear system, translator, rotary stage, drives, and stepper motors. The use of suitable spur gears has given a good repeatability and high accuracy in the degree of veracity. The data acquisition boards, mechanical control interfaces, software for movement control and image reconstruction were specially development. This third-generation industrial CT scanner has obtained good spatial resolution and images. The filtered back projection (FBP) tomographic reconstruction algorithm used has shown a faster convergence. The mechanical system presented a good performance in terms of strength, rigidity, accuracy and repeatability with great potential to be used for education or program dedicated to training chemical and petrochemical industry professionals and for industrial process optimization in Brazil.

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  • IPEN-DOC 15342

    SOMESSARI, SAMIR L. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; SPRENGER, FRANCISCO E ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; MOURA, JOAO A.; COSTA, OSVALDO L. ; CALVO, WILSON A.P. . Automation system for quality control in manufacture of iodine-125 sealed sources used in brachytherapy. In: DUDALA, JOANNA (Ed.); STEGOWSKI, ZDZISLAW (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES, September 11-14, 2011, Krakow, Poland. Abstract... Krakow, Poland: Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 2011. p. 122-122.

    Abstract: The aim of this work is to develop an automation system for Quality Control (QC) in the production of iodine-125 sealed sources, after undergoing the process of Laser Beam Welding (LBW). These sources, also known as iodine-125 seeds are used, successfully, in the treatment of cancer by brachytherapy, with low-dose rates. Each small seed is composed of a welded titanium capsule with 0.8 mm diameter and 4.5 mm in length, containing iodine-125 adsorbed on an internal silver wire. The seeds are implanted in the human prostate to irradiate the tumor and treat the cancerous cells. The technology to automate the quality control system in the manufacturing of iodine-125 seeds consists in developing and associate mechanical parts, electronic components and pneumatic circuits to control machines and processes. The automation technology for iodine-125 seed production developed in this work employs Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), step motors, drivers of control, electrical-electronic interfaces, photoelectric sensors, interfaces of communication and software development. Industrial automation plays an important role in the production of Iodine-125 seeds, with higher productivity and high standard of quality, facilitating the implementation and operation of processes with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Nowadays, the Radiation Technology Center at IPEN-CNEN/SP imports 36,000 iodine-125 seeds per year and distributes them for clinics and hospitals in the country. However, the Brazilian potential market is of 8,000 iodine-125 seeds per month. Therefore, the local production of these radioactive seeds has become a priority for the Institute, aiming to reduce the price and increase the supply to the population in Brazil.

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  • IPEN-DOC 15341

    MESQUITA, CARLOS H. de ; VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S ; PEREIRA, JOAO C.S. de M. ; MARTINS, JOAO F.T. ; CALVO, WILSON A.P. ; HAMADA, MARGARIDA M. . Development of a gamma ray computed tomography technique for random packed columns analysis. In: REUNIAO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FISICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 31., 8-12 de setembro, 2008, Marisias, SP. 2008.

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  • IPEN-DOC 15340

    CALVO, WILSON A.P. ; POLI, D.C.R. ; DUARTE, C.L. ; OMI, N.M. ; LIMA, W. . Overview of flue gas treatment in Brazil. In: IAEA TECHNICAL MEETING ON PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES IN APPLICATION OF RADIATION FOR TREATING EXHAUST GASES, May 14-18, 2007, Warsaw, POL. Vienna, Austria: INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, 2011. p. 76-90.

    Abstract: The coal mines in Brazil are primarily located in southern part areas. The total coal reserves are approximately 32.8 billions tons, 89% of which are located in Rio Grande do Sul state. The Brazilian agriculture potentiality is very high, mainly due to the availability of flat land and the existence of industrial capacity to supply the main fertilizers needs. Electron beam flue gas treatment process ensures simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOX from flue gases by single process, requiring no additional wastewater treatment system and can produce useful nitrogen fertilizer consisting of ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 and ammonium nitrate NH4NO3 as by-products. During the TC Project BRA/8/021 - Pilot Plant for Electron Beam Purification of Flue Gas supported by IAEA (1995-1996), a laboratory facility for electron beam flue gas treatment was set at IPEN. In 1997, an official request from Brazilian Government, Ministry of Science & Technology (MCT) and IPEN was made for the Japan Consulting Institute (JCI) to prepare feasibility studies of air pollution control by electron beam flue gas treatment in three power generation companies. These companies are responsible for the power generation, the transmission and the supply of electricity to Brazil: Jorge Lacerda – Eletrosul Centrais Eletricas do Sul do Brasil S.A., Presidente Medici – Companhia Estadual de Energia Eletrica (CEEE) and Piratininga – AES Eletropaulo Thermal Power Plants.

    Palavras-Chave: air pollution control; ammonium nitrates; ammonium sulfates; coal mines; coal reserves; electron beams; feasibility studies; fertilizers; flue gas; power generation; sulfur dioxide; thermal power plants; waste water

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  • IPEN-DOC 15207

    HARAGUCHI, MARCIO I.; KIM, HAE Y.; CALVO, WILSON A.P. . Process equipment imaging by tomographic gamma scan. In: AIChE ANNUAL MEETING, October 28 - November 2, 2018, Pittsburgh, PA. Apresentação... 2018.

    Palavras-Chave: image processing; tomography; computerized tomography; industrial radiography; radiation detectors

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  • IPEN-DOC 14970

    CALVO, WILSON A.P. . Irradiadores gama e aceleradores de elétrons: aplicações da tecnologia de processamento por radiação na indústria e no meio ambiente. In: WORKSHOP INTERNACIONAL SOBRE ENERGIA NUCLEAR, MEIO AMBIENTE E SEGURANÇA, 3., 23-24 Agosto 2012, Campinas, SP. Apresentação... 2012.

    Palavras-Chave: accelerators; cobalt 60; electron beams; environmental protection; gamma radiation; industry; pollution; radiation curing; radiation sources; uses

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  • IPEN-DOC 28647

    BITELLI, ULYSSES D. . Calibração das barras de controle do reator IPEN/MB-01 com o núcleo contendo elementos combustíveis tipo placa. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Fevereiro, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-PSE-RMB-005-00-RELT-090-03). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Prestação de Serviços Tecnológicos

    Abstract: Este relatório apresenta o procedimento experimental para calibração das quatro barras de controle do novo núcleo do Reator IPEN/MB-01 contendo elementos combustíveis tipo placa[1], correlacionando reatividade com o trecho de barra retirado ou inserido do núcleo (reatividade diferencial) e, por conseguinte, obtendo a reatividade total inserida (valor integral das barras de controle).

    Palavras-Chave: control elements; calibration; fuel plates; reactor cores

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  • IPEN-DOC 28646

    FAINER, GERSON ; FALOPPA, ALTAIR A. . Análise de tensões do suporte "SP-22" : nova bomba B1B. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Fevereiro, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-PSE-IEAR1-139-00-RELT-003-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Prestação de Serviços Tecnológicos

    Abstract: O objetivo deste relatório técnico é documentar os resultados da: → → ANÁLISE ESTRUTURAL DO SUPORTE “SP-22” que foi instalado, por recomendação do fabricante da bomba, na tubulação do Circuito Primário do reator IEA-R1 próximo do bocal de sucção da Nova Bomba “B1-B”. Para a verificação da integridade estrutural do Suporte “SP-22” foi desenvolvido um modelo de cálculo numérico aplicando-se o seguinte procedimento: → - desenvolver desenho do suporte com modelo sólido tridimensional no programa SolidWorks; → - desenvolver, a partir do desenho 3D acima, um modelo numérico, aplicando o método dos elementos finitos com o programa de computador ANSYS; → - realizar um estudo para a seleção de uma malha de elementos finitos adequada; → - aplicar as condições de contorno ao modelo de cálculo, simulando o vinculo da estrutura do suporte com o prédio do reator. → - realizar as simulações no programa ANSYS, aplicando as cargas oriundas da análise de tensões da tubulação ao modelo de cálculo, incluindo as cargas de atrito e peso próprio; → - realizar o pós-processamento no programa ANSYS, para obter a distribuição das tensões: normal, flexão e cisalhamento. Os resultados obtidos para o suporte “SP-22” da tubulação do Circuito Primário do Reator IEA-R1, ver tabela acima, mostram o pleno atendimento aos limites do código ASME B31.1 e MSS-SP-58, para as tensões: normal, flexão, cisalhamento e combinada. A rigidez real do suporte “SP-22” foi calculada e atende os critérios, da norma WRC-353 e da prática de engenharia das usinas nucleares de Angra 1 e Angra 2, para o desacoplamento do projeto e análise estrutural do suporte de modo independente da tubulação. Deste modo, está comprovado o projeto e a integridade estrutural do suporte “SP-22” da tubulação do Circuito Primário do Reator IEA-R1.

    Palavras-Chave: pumps; stress analysis; primary coolant circuits; pipes; computer codes

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  • IPEN-DOC 28645

    FAINER, GERSON ; FALOPPA, ALTAIR A. . Avaliação estrutural das tubulações de conexão com a nova bomba B1-B do circuito primário do IEA-R1. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Dezembro, 2021. (IPEN-CEN-PSE-IEAR1-139-00-RELT-002-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Prestação de Serviços Tecnológicos

    Abstract: O objetivo deste relatório técnico é documentar a análise estrutural realizada para se avaliar relevância das modificações da tubulação nas regiões próximas aos bocais da nova bomba que irá substituir a “Bomba B1-B” do Circuito Primário do reator IEA-R1. O processo de aquisição da nova bomba foi realizado mediante licitação pública vencida pela empresa “Acqua Vitae Tecnologia de Bombeamento”, contrato nº 049/19, que engloba a sua instalação em campo. A instalação da Nova Bomba B1-B no Circuito Primário do reator IEA-R1 consta das seguintes etapas: √ instalação do conjunto motobomba sobre a estrutura de aço fixada sobre o concreto; √ conexão da tubulação com o bocal de sucção; √ √ tubulação conectada ao bocal não foi alterada; √ √ foi introduzido o suporte SP-22 na válvula CP-VGV-02. √ conexão da tubulação com o bocal de descarga; √ √ trecho da tubulação conectada ao bocal da bomba antiga foi retirado; √ √ foi introduzido um trecho de tubo reto para conectar a tubulação ao bocal. Foi desenvolvida uma análise de tensões para se verificar o impacto, global e local, das modificações nas tubulações que conectam com os bocais da bomba. O modelo de cálculo é o modelo da análise de tensões das tubulações do Circuito Primário do reator IEA-R1 da ref. [6], onde foi aplicado o critério de se desenvolver a modelagem da tubulação entre pontos de ancoragem. Deste modo, foram elaborados os seguintes modelos de cálculo: √ Modelo de Cálculo #1 – Tubulação entre o bocal de saída do Tanque de Decaimento e o bocal de sucção das bombas (B1A / B1B). Ver figura 5; √ Modelo de Cálculo #2 – Tubulação entre a descarga das bombas (B1A / B1B) e o bocal de entrada dos Trocadores de Calor (CBC & IESA). Ver figura 6. Os resultados das máximas tensões equivalentes obtidos com a simulação numérica dos modelos de cálculo #1 e #2, na “Condição de Projeto” e “Condição de Operação” do Circuito Primário do Reator Nuclear de Pesquisa IEA-R1, atendem os limites prescritos pelo código ASME B31.1.

    Palavras-Chave: pumps; primary coolant circuits; reactors; stress analysis

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  • IPEN-DOC 28644

    LIMA, ANA C. de S. ; CABRAL, EDUARDO L.L. ; SABUNDJIAN, GAIANE ; TERREMOTO, LUIS A.A. ; ROCHA, MARCELO da S. . Análise de viabilidade do emprego de Reatores Modulares Pequenos (Small Modular Reactors – SMR) no Brasil. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - CEENG, Janeiro, 2022. (IPEN-CEN-PSE-DPD-011-00-INFT-001-00). Restrito.

    Título do projeto: Prestação de Serviços Tecnológicos

    Abstract: Este trabalho apresenta uma análise SWOT sobre os Reatores Modulares Pequenos (Small Modular Reactor- SMR), a fim de avaliar a viabilidade de implantação desses reatores nucleares no Brasil. A análie PESTLA foi utilizada como coadjuvante da análise SWOT servindo para auxiliar na categorização dos fatores considerados de maior relevância no sentido de possibilitar um melhor entendimento das condições de contorno relativas à implantação dos SMRs no Brasil. A análise PESTLA, envolve um estudo dos aspectos Tecnológico, Ambiental, Político, Social (Recursos Humanos/Infraestrutura), Econômico e Legal. As análises SWOT e PESTLA consideraram diversos aspectos no âmbito da instituição governamental responsável pela orientação e planejamento do programa nuclear brasileiro, a CNEN, que através de suas unidades desenvolve atividades de pesquisa e formação especializada na área nuclear. A metodologia adotada neste estudo selecionou os pontos positivos e negativos tanto da instituição quanto dos SMRs. Os reaotres modulares descritos neste trabalho são do tipo Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) e que se encontram em estágio avançado de desenvolvimento, são eles: CAREM, KLT-40S, SMART e NuScale. O estudo realizado neste documento possibilitará a tomada de decisão sobre a utilização de SMRs no Brasil.

    Palavras-Chave: small modular reactors; modular structures; feasibility studies; nuclear energy

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  • IPEN-DOC 28643

    GONCALVES, J.A.C. ; SOMESSARI, E.S.R. ; NAPOLITANO, C.M. ; SOMESSARI, S.L. ; BUENO, C.C. . Transit dose measurements using alanine and diode-based dosimeters. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Palavras-Chave: radiation doses; accuracy; alanines; dosemeters

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  • IPEN-DOC 28642

    SANTOS, S.C. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; CAMPOS, L.L. . Synthesis of thulium-yttria nanoparticles with EPR response. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Abstract: Introduction: High dose dosimetry demands a continuous effort towards the development of new materials with the aim to guarantee assurance of activities in which ionizing radiation is used. The present work reports a hydrothermal synthesis based on a relative low temperature and pressure to form thulium-yttria nanoparticles with electron paramagnetic resonance response. Material and method: Thulium-yttria nanoparticles (Tm:Y2O3) prepared with 0.1at.%Tm (atomic percentage, at.%) were synthesized by an eco-friendly hydrothermal process as reported in previous study[1]. The nanoparticles were characterized by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR). Results: According to results, the hydrothermal method provided thulium-yttria nanoparticles with cubic C-type structure, mean particle size (d50) less than 90nm (Fig.1), and EPR response. The EPR spectra of powders exhibited two resonance peaks p1 and p2 recorded at 350 and 160mT, respectively (Fig.2). Conclusions: The enhancement of the EPR response of yttria by the use of thulium as a dopant provide meaningful parameters to advance in the formation of new rare earth based materials for radiation dosimetry.

    Palavras-Chave: hydrothermal synthesis; temperature range 0065-0273 k; pressure dependence; thulium; yttrium; nanoparticles

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  • IPEN-DOC 28641

    ALMEIDA, S.B. ; CUNHA, A.P.V.; SAMPAIO, C.C.; MENEGUSSI, G.; CAMPOS, L.L. . Small fields dosimetry employing thermoluminescent dosimeters in the clinical aplication of photon beams. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Abstract: Introduction: In radiotherapy, the new techniques have some difficulties such as: beam dosimetry, geo- metric characterization and the use of small radiation fields(1). In some cases, the fields sizes are reduced due to the very small lesions, the simulations of the treat- ment in the planning have a very important role, there- fore, they must be provided with data referring to these small fields. Dosimetry becomes quite complex, as the precision becomes quite contestable, especially when small fields are being used in low density regions(2). Due to the absence of lateral electronic balance, de- termining the dose in the target volume in small field cases is quite difficult. Another problem for this type of dosimetry is the sharp dose gradient at the edges of the field. However, this fact requires that the choice of the radiation detector must be of a relevant size in the dosimetry of small fields, taking into account some parameters such as: high spatial resolution, density equivalent to water, linearity, reproducibility, regard- less of energy and rate of dose(3). Material and method: For this analysis LiF:Mg;Ti (3,15 mm in diameter, 0,9 mm in thickness) and μLiF:Mg;Ti (1 mm x 1 mm) dosimeters produced by Harshaw were used. The irradiation system was the Varian Clinac 6 EX with photon energies of 6MV, with the collimator Multi-leaf Brainlab M3 belonging to the Hospital das Clínicas de São Paulo - HC. In addition, for measurements solid water plates (SW) of 30x30x1cm³ dimension were used. The studied field sizes were 9,8x9,8cm2, 5x5cm2, 4x4cm2, 3x3cm2, 2x2cm2, 1x1cm2 and 05x05 cm2. . Results: The dosimeters were selected with TL sensitivity between ±3%. The TL response presented non-significant variation. The dose response curves to photon beams of 6MV presented a linear behavior in the dose range studied (2Gy to 10Gy). Results obtained in simulated irradiations demonstrated the viability of using μLiF:Mg;Ti as dosimeter to dose evaluation of small photon fields with relatively low uncertainties for this type of application. Table 1 presents the result of TL response of the dosimeters for the studied fields. Conclusions: The dosimetry of small fields is very complex and difficult due to the dimensions of the fields, however the LiF:Mg;Ti and μLiF dosimeters demonstrated an excellent viability for this type of application due to their dimensions being minimal and showing uncertainties below 3%.

    Palavras-Chave: radiotherapy; dosimetry; thermoluminescent dosemeters; radiation doses; photon beams

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  • IPEN-DOC 28640

    OLIVEIRA, L.N. ; NASCIMENTO, E.O.; ANTONIO, P.L. ; CALDAS, L.V.E. . Plastic bottle caps as radiation detectors for high gamma radiation doses. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Abstract: Introduction: Plastic detectors represent an important role in radiation dosimetry [1]. They have been used in a variety of applications, such as portal monitors, and for solar, cosmic, UV, thermal and gamma radiations. Dosimetric evaluation is indicated for material characterization seeking to identify possible applications; proper preprocessing techniques are critical features of this process. This work aimed to determine the linearity response of plastic samples exposed to gamma radiation, using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) measurements technique. Material and method: Plastic bottle caps were used as sample detectors. They were composed of a hollow cylindrical shape with a 14 mm radius, 0.05 mm thickness, 28 mm height and 3.1 g mass, and they were made of polyethylene (F217). These samples were irradiated in triplicates, with absorbed doses of 0.01 kGy, 0.05 kGy, 0.10 kGy, 0.25 kGy, 0.50 kGy, 1.0 kGy, 5.0 kGy and 10.0 kGy using a 60Co Gamma Cell-220 system (dose rate of 1.089 kGy/h at the Radiation Technology Center of IPEN). Afterwards, each sample absorbance spectrum was acquired on a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer (Frontier/Perkin Elmer) from 400 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1, with 1 cm-1 spectral resolution. The preprocessing was performed in the raw data composed by the broadband source interferogram with a +/- 0.04 cm-1 (2σ) precision for each absorbed dose profile. Subsequently, applying the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), FTIR was generated. Then, the derivates in the frequency (wavenumber) space were calculated seeking to assess high-order effects. The complex FFT coefficients were explicitly obtained for peak regions, which provided localized information regarding the spectrum approximate shape from the FTIR evaluations to obtain linearity estimatives. The resulting FTIR spectra for each peak was to numerical differentiation at the 1st, 2nd and 3 rd orders (D1, D2 and D3, respectively). The derivates obtained were useful in achieving the spectra shapes and the linearity of response. Results: Figure 1 presents the results after the application of the PCR method: Predicted absorbed dose versus absorbed dose, for: I, II and III regions (from spectrum). The results of the PCR method are the maximum values for linearity, 1.000 for all regions. This result demonstrates that the PCR method is more robust than the linear method, and the preprocessing via PCA provides the information pertinent to the evaluated plastic detector. Conclusion: The results on linearity of response show that plastic bottle caps represent potential radiation detectors for high gamma radiation doses.

    Palavras-Chave: plastics; radiation doses; fourier transformation; gamma radiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 28639

    CARIBE, P.R.R.V.; BONIFACIO, D.A.B. ; CORDEIRO, L.P.; SILVA, A.M.M. da. Influence of BPL-based reconstruction algorithm on image quality for quantitative 90Y-PET imaging. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Abstract: Introduction: PET/CT technology and image reconstruction algorithms are constantly being improved. This leads to changes in the resulting images which need to be tested and clinically validated. This study evaluated the performance and clinical use of the Bayesian Penalized-Likelihood (BPL) reconstruction algorithm on the state-of-the-art SiPM-based PET/CT for quantitative 90Y-PET imaging. Method: An image quality (IQ) phantom with an 8:1 hot sphere-to-background ratio was scanned on a GE Discovery MI 3-rings PET/CT system during a single bed scan. 90Y acquisition time was 14h and 20 min (representative for clinical count statistics) for an activity concentration of 218 kBq/ml. Reconstructions were performed using: 3-iterations OSEM algorithm with 16 subsets and Gaussian post-filter FWHM ranging from 4.5 to 10 mm; BPL-based algorithm employing a block sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM) with Beta parameter varying from 300 to 3000. Time-of-flight and point-spread function modellings were included in all reconstructions. Contrast recovery (CR), background noise levels (coefficient of variation, COV), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and metabolic tumour volume (MTV) were compared to investigate whether the BSREM reconstruction algorithm leads to an improvement in clinical image quality using 90Y. Results: The results for CR versus background COV of the IQ phantom are shown in Fig. 1. All plots show a similar trend: CRs values were as expected with higher CRs for lower β and post-filter FWHM values. The Contrast- to-noise ratio was significantly better in BSREM reconstructions when compared with OSEM in phantom studies. In terms of CR mapping, a BSREM β of 1000 corresponded to 5-6 mm post-filter for TOF-OSEM. Regarding noise characteristics of the 14h data, BSREM outperformed TOF-OSEM reconstructions in terms of noise levels with a 2-3 times lower background COV and improved SUVmean and MATV values for all spheres sizes. Lowering the counts for 20 min data, BSREM noise reduction can be controlled by increasing the β- parameter, but caution should be taken to avoid losing CR information. An optimal range of 1500-3000 β values, can provide a compromise between noise and CR at clinical count statistics. Conclusions: Based on a quantitative phantom study, the BPL-based reconstruction algorithm improves image quality and allows better noise characteristics for 90Y acquisitions when compared to OSEM reconstructions. BSREM reconstructions substantially improved contrast-to-noise ratio and MATVvalues for longer 90Y measurements with better count statistics. For clinically relevant count statistics, BSREM with β values lower than 500 had a limited impact on noise levels of 90Y-PET. The potential improvements of BPL applied to dosimetry calculations are currently being investigated to determine if BSREM can be used to avoids accuracy degradation in the absorbed dose distribution aiming at patient comfort.

    Palavras-Chave: images; positron computed tomography; yttrium 90; algorithms

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  • IPEN-DOC 28638

    CAMARGO, F. ; PASCOALINO, K. ; GONCALVES, J.A.C. ; BUENO, C.C. . Evaluation of a diffused oxygenated float zone (DOFZ) diode response as a high-dose dosimeter. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Palavras-Chave: dosemeters; radiation doses; radiation effects; decay

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  • IPEN-DOC 28637

    OLIVEIRA, L.N. ; NASCIMENTO, E.O.; ANTONIO, P.L. ; CALDAS, L.V.E. . Ethylene-vinyl acetate detector exposed to gamma radiation and evaluated via principal component regression. In: LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, 1st, September 13-17, 2021, Online. Resumo expandido... 2021.

    Abstract: Introduction: Applications of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) have been reported in radiation physics research, such as in electron beam irradiations, UV measurements and microwave irradiations. Gamma radiation is well known and presents several applications for radiation dosimetry [1]. The evaluation of EVA and other dosimeters can be undertaken by the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry technique. The goal of this work was to investigate the effect of gamma radiation in green, white and black EVA dosimeter samples for their sensitivity and linearity response, using the PCR method, and evaluated with the FTIR spectrophotometry technique. Material and method: The EVA samples had dimensions of 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.1 cm3, in colors green, white and black. These samples were irradiated in triplicates, with absorbed doses of 0.01 kGy, 0.05 kGy, 0.10 kGy, 0.25 kGy, 0.50 kGy, 1.0 kGy, 5.0 kGy and 10.0 kGy using a 60Co Gamma Cell-220 system (dose rate of 1.089 kGy/h of the Radiation Technology Center of IPEN); afterwards, the absorbance spectrum of each sample was acquired on a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer (Frontier/Perkin Elmer) from 400 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1, with 1 cm-1 spectral resolution. The linearity of response was evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient (R2). The sensitivity was set as the linear coefficient from a simple linear regression that was fitted using the Ordinary Least Squares Method between the absorbed doses and absorbance values for each wavenumber in the spectra for all colors of EVA samples. The PCR method combines all spectra from absorbance measurements into a single matrix, called here as Xnm, where n is the absorbed doses that varied discreetly from n = 1 up to 8, matching the absorbed doses of 0.01 kGy, 0.05 kGy, 0.10 kGy, 0.25 kGy, 0.50 kGy, 1.0 kGy, 5.0 kGy and 10.0 kGy, m is the spectral resolution index, from m = 1 up to 3600, equivalent to the range from 400 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1. Results: Predicted absorbed dose versus absorbed dose data are shown in Figure 1, for the PCR method, for EVA samples of all colors. The R2 obtained was 1.000 for the PCR method. It can be inferred that these methods are a good alternative, in the applications that require assessing linearity response in dosimetry, since the measurements from each kind of sample may be transformed in linear results. Consequently, these methods can be associated with other characteristics from radiation dosimetry as: reproducibility, fading, spatial resolution and others. Conclusion: EVA samples can be considered as a promising material for measurements of high doses of gamma radiation.

    Palavras-Chave: vinyl acetate; ethylene; polymerase chain reaction; electron beams

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  • IPEN-DOC 28636

    TRICARICO, JULIANA M. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de . Avaliação em pacientes da radioterapia oncológica em contato direto e não direto com intervenções durante o curso do tratamento: cartilha educativa para pacientes e profissionais da saúde na área de radioterapia com foco em garantir a completude do tratamento. In: WORKSHOP DO MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL EM TECNOLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES EM CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE, 3., 8 de dezembro, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... 2021.

    Abstract: Ao decorrer do tratamento de radioterapia oncológica os pacientes sofrem não somente com as dores físicas mas também com o estigma social que é causado por pressão psicológica de estar acometido com uma doença em que a sociedade chama de “incurável‟. Os profissionais da saúde tem um papel fundamental nesse momento no sentido de ouvir e respeitar as necessidades dos pacientes. O detrimento do estado emocional do paciente pode levar a perda de sessões, atrasos e consequentemente prejudicar o resultado final. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a educação de pacientes e profissionais da saúde, com o objetivo de aumentar a completude dos tratamentos radioterápicos. Isso será atingido por meio de 2 cartilhas contendo informalções que sejam claras e bem discutidas. Informações levadas corretamente através cartilhas e métodos educacionais voltados para a assistencia no campo do paciente oncológico e o seu vinculo de ligação com os profissionais de saúde, não somente educa, mas também gera sensação de segurança e qualidade que contribuem para a completude do tratamento. Embora a maioria das organizações institucionais sejam burocraticas e nem sempre preparam seus profissionais para a capacitação de educação continuada por meio de assitencia com foco na humanização e cuidado centrado no setor da radioterapia, é grande importancia que esse cenario seja olhado atraves de uma nova perspectiva, atraves de mais atenção e capacitação das equipes multi-disciplinares atraves de novas formalizações de planos institucionais que busquem visar e proporcionar para seus pacientes não somente um tratamento, mas também uma contribuição ainda mais valiosa, educando também seus pacientes, para que saibam a finalidade do tratamento, seus beneficios, como lidar com o enfrentaneto da doença e contar com uma rede de apoio disposta a ouvi-los através de cuidado e atenção. As cartilhas serão disponibilizadas gratuitamente em site próprio. Os temas utilizados são: Para Profissionais da Saúde - como o profissional em radioterapia devem se portar dentro setor; de que forma os profissionais em radioterapia devem abordar e auxiliar os pacientes; qual a rotina básica de tratamento no setor de radioterapia; como o profissional da radioterapia devem lidar com uma rotina agitada dentro do setor; quais ajudas os profissionais podem ter dentro ou fora de suas instituições em casos de exaustão; Para o paciente - O que é a radiação; o que radiação faz; o que é a radioterapia; qual a rotina da radioterapia para os pacientes; o que os pacientes podem esperar desse tratamento; quais ajudas os pacientes podem ter além do tratamento.

    Palavras-Chave: neoplasms; radiotherapy; human factors; personnel; health services; therapy

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  • IPEN-DOC 20023

    BERBEL, LARISSA O. . Avaliação da resistência à corrosão da liga Ti-6Al-4V para implantes dentários em ambientes aerados e deaerados / Evaluation of resistance to corrosion of Ti-6Al-4V alloy for use in dental implants in aerated and deaerated medium . 2021. Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 180 p. Orientador: Isolda Costa. DOI: 10.11606/T.85.2021.tde-10032022-150220

    Abstract: O titânio e suas ligas são amplamente utilizados na odontologia, principalmente como implantes dentários, devido à sua biocompatibilidade e elevada resistência à corrosão. A resistência à corrosão do titânio ocorre pela formação de um filme fino de óxido passivo de TiO2 em contato com o oxigênio. Esta camada é aderente e estável na superfície, e capaz de atuar como barreira protetora entre o substrato e o meio corrosivo. No entanto, a literatura associa a peri-implantite a grandes aumentos de produtos de corrosão de titânio e suas ligas ao redor de implantes em presença da inflamação em comparação com implantes em pessoas saudáveis. Assim, é importante a identificação dos fatores presentes no microambiente peri-implantar que possam reduzir a resistência à corrosão do titânio. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar e simular condições inflamatórias in vitro a fim de determinar quais fatores afetam a resistência à corrosão de implantes dentários fabricados com a liga Ti-6Al-4V em solução tampão de fosfato (PBS) utilizada para simular o efeito dos fluidos corpóreos. Foram investigados os efeitos do peróxido de hidrogênio, presente em infecções orais, da albumina, a deaeração do meio (para simulação das condições de pO2 reduzida durante a inflamação) e de íons fluoreto, em solução de PBS com pH ajustados para 3,0, 4,5 e 7,0. Também foi investigada a resistência à corrosão de implantes com conexão do tipo cone Morse de Ti-6Al-4V conectado a um pilar protético de aço inoxidável 316L por meio da avaliação da influência do efeito da conexão mecânica por batidas (3, 5 e 7) no mecanismo de corrosão. A avaliação da resistência à corrosão da liga de titânio foi realizada por técnicas eletroquímicas e caracterização da superfície (MEV). Os resultados mostraram que as condições mais favoráveis ao ataque corrosivo da liga Ti-6Al-4V são a presença no meio de um forte oxidante (H2O2), do pH ácido (pH 3,0), seja em presença ou ausência de fluoreto, presença de proteína e deaeração do meio fisiológico. As condições mais agressivas são típicas de situações presentes em infecções peri-implantares e de condições de fresta. O estudo da conexão pilar-implante mostrou que na junção entre um implante de Ti-6Al-4V e o pilar protético de aço inoxidável 316 L, a condição de fresta entre as interfaces foi o fator predominante no mecanismo de corrosão prevalecendo sobre o efeito de acoplamento galvânico.

    Palavras-Chave: dentistry; implants; titanium; titanium alloys; aluminium alloys; water gas processes; corrosion protection; corrosion resistance; electrochemical corrosion; impedance; evaluation

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  • IPEN-DOC 28635

    MARTINS, TAINA M.T.M. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. de. Perfil epidemiológico de caso de câncer de próstata em centro de referência no estado do Ceará entre o período de 2014 a 2019. In: WORKSHOP DO MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL EM TECNOLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES EM CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE, 3., 8 de dezembro, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... 2021.

    Abstract: No Brasil, o câncer de próstata é o segundo tipo de câncer mais comum entre os homens. Estima-se que no ano de 2020 ocorreram 65.840 novos casos da doença. Durante a campanha do Novembro Azul, o Ministério da Saúde e o Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA) desempenham um papel de suma importância para quebrar preconceitos e paradigmas entre os homens, fazendo com que haja uma busca por informações sobre prevenção e tratamento da doença. Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma análise do perfil epidemiológico para câncer de próstata entre o período de 2014 a 2019, utilizando dados do Centro Regional Integrado de Oncologia – CRIO, localizado no Estado do Ceará. Para isso, foi feito uma revisão dos prontuários dos pacientes. Correlações foram criadas a partir do perfil clinico, social, regional e econômico; tipos e justificativas dos tratamentos indicados; fatores de risco associados ao câncer; e correlacionar a incidência com a região do acometido. Foi usado software Jamovi para fazer a análise de correlação de Spearman e Qui-quadrado. A idade média dos pacientes encontrada na amostra desta pesquisa foi de 71,3 anos de idade, a mínima foi de 44 anos e a máxima 96 anos. A análise da escolaridade revelou que 21,5 % dos pacientes são analfabetos e outros 63,5 % possuem apenas o ensino fundamental. A Grande Fortaleza é a região que detém o maior número de pacientes, 52,5 % e o estadiamento que acomete a maioria dos pacientes é o estágio IIB, seguido do III e IV. As principais modalidades de tratamento inicial foram a radioterapia externa, quimioterapia e hormonioterapia.

    Palavras-Chave: neoplasms; prostate; epidemiology; human populations; statistical data; patients

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  • IPEN-DOC 28634

    FREITAS, G.R. ; SOUZA, C.D. de . Metodologia de gestão da informação no controle de exposição em exames de tomografia computadorizada. In: WORKSHOP DO MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL EM TECNOLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES EM CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE, 3., 8 de dezembro, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... 2021.

    Abstract: Muitos hospitais brasileiros, a tomografia computadorizada (TC) é o equipamento utilizado para diagnóstico por imagem com maior poder de ionização. Sistemas para monitoramento e gerenciamento de informações não são obrigatórios e o alto valor monetário para aquisição de ‘softwares’ e treinamento faz com que a dose recebida pelo paciente não seja investigada na maioria das vezes. Com isso, existe uma maior probabilidade de exposições desnecessárias ou até proporcionar danos decorrente de exposições a radiação ionizante (STRAUSS et al., 2019). Esses danos podem ocorrer por causa de exames realizados fora de protocolo, mal indicados, repetição em intervalos curtos de tempo e falhas operacionais em decorrência imperícia, falta de atualização e treinamento dos profissionais envolvidos. Organizações internacionais como Image Gently e Latin Safe, promovem todo ano campanhas de conscientização para redução e controle da dose de exposição de pacientes submetidos a exames de diagnóstico por imagem que utilizam radiação ionizante, sendo o controle e/ou monitoramento um dos pilares para prevenção e redução da exposição de pacientes a radiação ionizante para fins médicos. O presente trabalho desenvolveu uma metodologia de baixo custo, utilizando ferramentas gratuitas para armazenamento e avaliação dos DICOM-Structured Report (DICOM-SR) e interpretação desses dados, podendo se tornar um recurso economicamente viável para todos os serviços de diagnóstico por imagem do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Foram analisados 13734 exames de 9911 pacientes no período de setembro de 2019 a agosto de 2021, divididos em grupos de acordo com sua faixa etária. O programa foi utilizado especialmente para otimização do protocolo de TC de Crânio, o que proporcionou uma redução de 11,7% no primeiro ano de treinamento. O novo sistema proporciona gratuitamente e de maneira simples o monitoramento da quantidade de tomografias e da dose recebida em comparação com os protocolos que, por sua vez, resultarão em recomendações clínicas de melhora de procedimentos e treinamentos.

    Palavras-Chave: computerized tomography; knowledge management; dosimetry; dose limits

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  • IPEN-DOC 20019

    MACAMBIRA, ALINNE K.L.S. . Denervação simpática renal por aplicação de radiofrequência na artéria renal em pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica resistente ao tratamento medicamentoso / Renal sympathetic denervation by radiofrequency application in the renal artery in patients with systemic arterial hypertension resistant to drug treatment . 2021. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 53 p. Orientador: Patrick Jack Spencer. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2021.tde-11032022-101207

    Abstract: Partindo da hipótese de que, após a denervação renal, ocorre redução do estímulo adrenérgico e da ativação do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, esse procedimento teria aplicabilidade no tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Objetivos: Avaliar a redução dos níveis tensionais e a redução do número de anti-hipertensivos em pacientes com hipertensão arterial resistente submetidos à ablação das artérias renais. Métodos: No estudo DESIRE (Denervação Simpática Renal) foram arrolados 242 pacientes com Hipertensão Arterial Resistente (Em uso de três classes de anti-hipertensivos em doses otimizadas, incluindo um diurético) no HBDF, de 01 de março de 2012 a 28 de fevereiro de 2013. Após adequada randomização, foram realizadas 16 ablações de artérias renais no período em questão. Os 16 pacientes com seguimento mínimo de dois meses e máximo de 6 meses foram avaliados neste trabalho. Resultados: foram estudados 16 pacientes (05 homens, 11 mulheres) com idade variando de 50,38±9,43 variando de 35 a 68 anos. Os pacientes apresentavam níveis pressóricos médios de PAS: 195mmHg; PAD: 119mmHg e PAM: 144mmHg. Após o procedimento, houve uma redução da PAS em 19mmHg (p<0,01), da PAD em 09mmHg (p=0,11) e da PAM em 12mmHg (p=0,08) no seguimento médio de 4,5 meses. Observou-se ainda, uma redução média de 0,93 anti-hipertensivo por paciente. Não foram observadas complicações maiores. As complicações mais frequentes relacionadas ao procedimento foram o edema (03 casos) e o espasmo das artérias renais secundários a radiofrequência (02 casos). Conclusões: A denervação arterial renal foi eficiente em reduzir a PAM e o número de drogas anti-hipertensivas na população estudada.

    Palavras-Chave: autonomic nervous system; hypertension; losses; rf systems; electromagnetic radiation; renal clearance; arteries; therapy; testing; clinical trials

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  • IPEN-DOC 19944

    MIRANDA FILHO, ARNALDO A. . Investigação em escala atômica de óxidos multiferróicos Bi1-xLaxFeO3 através da espectroscopia de correlação angular γ-γ perturbada / Atomic scale investigation of Bi1-xLaxFeO3 multiferroic oxides by perturbed γ-γ angular correlation spectroscopy . 2021. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 83 p. Orientador: Artur Wilson Carbonari. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2021.tde-11032022-081033

    Abstract: Neste trabalho, foi realizado um estudo sistemático das interações hiperfinas (campo hiperfino magnético e gradiente de campo elétrico), nos compostos de Bi1-xLaxFeO3 (onde x = 0, e 0.15), por meio da técnica de correlação angular perturbada (PAC, do inglês Perturbed Angular Correlation), utilizando o núcleo de prova 111In(111Cd) para investigação local. As amostras foram produzidas pelo método Sol-Gel, sendo caracterizadas pela técnica de difração de raios X (DRX) e a microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Por conseguinte, o núcleo de prova 111In(111Cd) foi utilizado para mensurar, tanto as interações de quadrupolo elétrico, como de dipolo magnético numa ampla faixa de temperatura. Foram caracterizados dois sítios (1 e 2) para a amostra de BiFeO3, sendo o sítio 2 atribuído ao 111Cd localizado na superfície da amostra. Os resultados da análise das medidas de PAC evidenciaram uma transição de fase antiferromagnética acima da temperatura de Néel (TN=370 ºC), ou seja, abaixo da temperatura de Néel observou-se o fenômeno característico dos multiferróicos: coexistência de uma ordem elétrica e magnética simultânea. Além disso, observou-se uma transição estrutural acima da temperatura Ferroelétrica (TFE=830 ºC) em 850 ºC, em que o composto parte da fase romboédrica do tipo R3c para a fase ortorrômbica Pbnm, mudança essa que é notável pela queda brusca no parâmetro de assimetria (η) que muda de 0.07 para 0.72, como também no VZZ(1021 V/m2) saindo de 4.93 para 1.07, nas medidas em 830 ºC e 850 ºC respectivamente. Por outro lado, a transformada de Fourrier que exibia três picos na medida à 830 ºC passa a exibir dois picos em 850 ºC, identificando assim a transição estrutural acima da TFE. Entretanto, na amostra dopada com 15% de La (BLFO15) utilizando o núcleo de prova 111In(111Cd), identificou-se no refinamento de Rietveld a formação da fase R3c sem nenhuma fase espúria. Os resultados de PAC para a amostra BLFO15 indicam que a amostra se mantém antiferromagnética mesmo para medidas acima da temperatura de Néel, exibindo o fenômeno de interação hiperfina combinada.

    Palavras-Chave: perturbed angular correlation; oxides; gamma radiation; polarization; gamma spectroscopy; bismuth base alloys; pyroelectric effect; pyroelectric effect; pyroelectric effect; sample preparation; sol-gel process

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  • IPEN-DOC 28633

    DIPOLD, JESSICA ; MAGALHAES, EVELLYN S.; BORDON, CAMILA D.S.; KASSAB, LUCIANA R.P.; WETTER, NIKLAUS U. . Temporal study of a Nd3+ doped TZA glass random laser. In: FRONTIERS IN OPTICS; LASER SCIENCE, November 1-4, 2021, Washington, DC, USA. Proceedings... Washington, DC, USA: OSA, 2021. DOI: 10.1364/FIO.2021.JTh5A.16

    Abstract: The temporal behavior of TeO2-ZnO pellets of different Nd concentrations is studied. A shortening of the decay time is observed, indicating random laser behavior for this new laser material.

    Palavras-Chave: neodymium ions; lasers; randomness; decay

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  • IPEN-DOC 28632

    VIEIRA, TARCIO de A. ; PRADO, FELIPE M. ; WETTER, NIKLAUS U. . Near quantum limited slope efficiency Nd:YLF4 laser. In: ADVANCED SOLID STATE LASERS; LASER APPLICATIONS CONFERENCE, October 3-7, 2021, Washington, DC, USA. Proceedings... Washington, DC, USA: OSA, 2021. DOI: 10.1364/ASSL.2021.AW3A.6

    Abstract: We report on a Nd:YLF4 laser diode-side-pumped at 863 nm, resulting in 75% slope efficiency and 13.8 W of CW output power.

    Palavras-Chave: neodymium; doped materials; lasers; diode-pumped solid state lasers

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  • IPEN-DOC 28631

    SANTANA, TATIANA D.; ROSSI, WAGNER de ; CARNEIRO, MARCELO B.. Avaliação de insertos de metal duro texturizados a laser no torneamento de aço inoxidável martensítico. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA DE FABRICAÇÃO, 11., 24-26 de maio, 2021, Curitiba, PR. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Engenharia e Ciências Mecânicas - ABCM, 2021.

    Abstract: O correto entendimento dos aspectos que podem influenciar a usinagem dos materiais é fator crítico na busca de aumentar o rendimento do processo, melhorar a qualidade das peças fabricadas e reduzir os impactos ambientais. No processo de usinagem convencional, as condições de atrito na interface cavaco-ferramenta interferem nos esforços de corte, uma vez que estes dependem da resistência do material da peça, mas também das áreas formadas nas zonas de cisalhamento primária e secundária durante a formação do cavaco. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento do par ferramenta-peça, durante a operação de torneamento cilíndrico externo, na qual foi usado ferramentas de corte texturizadas com laser de femtossegundos (textura reta e zig-zag) e não-texturziada (referência). As peças de trabalho foram barras de aço inoxidável martensítico. A comparação entre as ferramentas foi realizada a partir da avaliação do desempenho da força de usinagem, potência de corte, desvios de forma (cilindricidade) e rugosidade (Ra e Rz), para uma dada condição de corte fixa. Os resultados sugerem vantagem para a ferramenta com padrão de textura reta.

    Palavras-Chave: machining; texture; surface properties; roughness; geometry; stainless steels

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  • IPEN-DOC 28630

    GOMES, DANIEL de S. ; STEFANI, GIOVANNI L. de. Progress of enhanced conductivity fuels using UO2-graphene. In: INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, 26th, November 22-26, 2021, Online. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Engenharia e Ciências Mecânicas - ABCM, 2021.

    Abstract: Uranium dioxide (UO2) is the most used fuel in light water reactors. At present, a sizable cumulative experience exists regarding the use of UO2 as a fuel. However, UO2 has reduced thermal conductivity Experiments shown that adding a second phase with higher thermal conductivity will improve the thermal conductivity of mixed fuel. Materials such as MO and BeO dispersed in the UO2 matrix attract the most attention. Graphene has excellent thermal conductivity and a low absorption cross-section. Metallurgic routes used in UO2–carbon composites use the spark plasma sintering method. Thus, analyze the behavior of graphene nanoparticles dispersed in a uranium dioxide matrix, simulated with FRAPCON code. Early experiments revealed that using UO2–10 vol.% silicon carbide improved the thermal conductivity by 30%. Graphene properties have a substantial impact on the thermal response of the fuel. In extension, carbon allotropic forms sintered with UO2 are potential options like UO2-diamond and UO2-nanotubes.

    Palavras-Chave: graphene; uranium dioxide; plasma; sintering; thermal conductivity

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  • IPEN-DOC 28629

    GOMES, DANIEL de S. ; GIOVEDI, CLAUDIA. Assessment of advanced ferritic alloys used as cladding materials in nuclear power reactors. In: INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, 26th, November 22-26, 2021, Online. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Engenharia e Ciências Mecânicas - ABCM, 2021.

    Abstract: The fuel performance code, Fuel Analysis under Steady-state and Transients (FAST), permits cladding options, such as zirconium alloys and iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl). FAST code support as cladding Kanthal, CM35, and CM36 alloys. We implemented a comparative analysis between ferritic alloys, steel, and zircaloy. Many features of ferritic alloys classify as more tolerant materials, such as high resistance to steam oxidation, reduced hydrogen release, and longer coping time. But the neutron penalty must reduce cladding thickness to let a greater fuel volume. Both ferritic alloys and austenitic steel show higher corrosion resistance, also avoiding hydrogen releases. FeCrAl provides more resistant corrosion cracking than stainless steel. The properties of steel 348 are comparable to those of FeCrAl alloys. Steel exhibits superior thermal conductivity, linear thermal expansion, and mechanical strength. Both offer similar specific heat, melting points, and densities. The chemical composition of the steel has 66% iron and 19% chromium, compared with Kanthal APMT™, which uses 68.8% iron and 22% chromium. The results found real advantages related to safety risks using ferritic cladding materials.

    Palavras-Chave: fuels; stainless steels; kanthal; cladding; accident-tolerant nuclear fuels; zircaloy

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  • IPEN-DOC 19910

    SANTOS, CLAUDIO S. . Metodologia de especificação de sistemas de instrumentação e controle para usinas nucleares móveis / A methodology for the specification of instrumentation and control systems for mobile nuclear power plants . 2021. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 145 p. Orientador: Delvonei Alves de Andrade. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2021.tde-10032022-164452

    Abstract: Os Sistemas de Instrumentação e Controle (I&C) são responsáveis pela aquisição, tratamento, transmissão, conversão e controle de todos os sistemas de processo de uma Usina Nuclear Móvel (UNM). Por esta razão, os sistemas de I&C contribuem com a UNM, para que esta atinja os objetivos gerais de disponibilidade e confiabilidade, melhorando a segurança, reduzindo custos operacionais, além de incrementar a produtividade. O uso de tecnologias modernas de softwares e metodologias de projeto é a chave que contribuirá de sobremaneira na melhora competitiva em projetos de UNM e na redução dos custos de implementação de sistemas de I&C. Os números de um projeto de sistemas de I&C exigem um eficaz gerenciamento de dados no projeto, podendo chegar a 10.000 sensores e detectores, 5.000 quilômetros de cabos, e um total de 1.000 toneladas de massa. Além disso, a especificação de sistemas de I&C tem entradas e saídas multidisciplinares. As diferentes formações técnicas e acadêmicas dos atores envolvidos no projeto podem conduzir a divergências de opinião, e no processo decisório partirem para soluções de curto prazo. Desta forma, aumentam-se os riscos de atrasos no projeto, por conta de erros de especificações e atrasos na implementação e validação de hardware e software de controle. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor uma metodologia que clarifique os principais fluxos de dados no projeto básico de sistemas de I&C. O método proposto visa a aplicação de uma a estruturação de especificação "top-down", com foco na definição das funções de controle, requisitos, arquiteturas de I&C, gestão de interfaces, e que, além disso, garanta a aplicação da lei construtal na especificação destes sistemas. O resultado da metodologia é garantir que todos os atores envolvidos tenham uma visão global de toda análise funcional e da definição de requisitos desde o mais alto nível (da UNM) até os níveis inferiores (dos equipamentos), assegurando a passagem de fluxos de informações, garantindo a segurança, reduzindo prazos e custos no projeto.

    Palavras-Chave: control systems; reactor instrumentation; specifications; mobile reactors; nuclear power plants; architecture; functional models; reporting requirements; evaluation

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  • IPEN-DOC 19638

    PRESTES, JOAO C.A. . Caracterização de uma instalação de 60Co para calibração de dosímetros clínicos utilizados em radioterapia / Characterization of a 60Co installation for calibration of clinical dosimeters used in radiotherapy . 2021. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 59 p. Orientador: Maria da Penha Albuquerque Potiens. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2021.tde-10032022-162000

    Abstract: Este trabalho foi desenvolvido a fim de implementar as etapas de adequação e caracterização de um irradiador de 60Co, que era utilizado no tratamento para que seja utilizado em procedimentos de calibrações de dosímetros clínicos utilizados em radioterapia. Foi realizado nesse trabalho uma conformação de um sistema irradiador doado ao Laboratório de Calibração do IPEN e a caracterização do feixe e do campo de radiação, de acordo com as recomendações do guia da AIEA (TRS-469, 2009). Para a instalação do novo irradiador, foi realizada a adaptação na atual sala de calibração para acomodar o cabeçote na posição de calibração. Também fez parte o desenvolvimento de um suporte o seu posicionamento. Na sequência foi necessária a correção no sistema de colimação. Para a caracterização do feixe de radiação foram realizados os testes iniciais de uniformidade do campo de radiação determinando o tamanho e o centro do feixe de radiação, determinação das grandezas de referência kerma no ar e dose absorvida na água, variações de saída devido ao movimento da fonte, tempo de estabilização, teste de corrente de fuga, teste de repetibilidade e estabilidade a longo prazo.

    Palavras-Chave: calibration; dosemeters; cobalt 60; linear accelerators; scale models; simulation; clinical trials; dosimetry; radiotherapy

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  • IPEN-DOC 19636

    MEIRA, MARCO A. . Obtenção de ligas magnéticas à base de Pr-Fe-B por resfriamento super-rápido para a fabricação de ímãs permanentes de terras-raras / Obtainment of Pr-Fe-B based magnetic alloys by super-fast cooling for the manufacture of rare-earth permanent magnets . 2021. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 134 p. Orientador: Hidetoshi Takiishi. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2021.tde-10032022-153718

    Abstract: Ímãs permanentes de terras-raras (TR) são componentes essenciais nos campos da tecnologia devido às suas excelentes propriedades magnéticas. Há duas técnicas consolidadas utilizadas na obtenção de ímãs permanentes de TR-Fe-B; a metalurgia do pó (MP), empregada na obtenção de ímãs sinterizados, anisotrópicos e de alto desempenho, a qual utiliza o processo de decrepitação por hidrogênio (HD) na pré-moagem da liga de partida e o processo melt spinning (MS), empregado na obtenção de pós-magnéticos de TR-Fe-B para o processamento de ímãs aglomerados ou conformados a quente isotrópicos e anisotrópicos. O controle da microestrutura da amostra fundida e resfriada rapidamente em uma atmosfera controlada é atribuído ao processo MS. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a influência do tamanho de grão nas propriedades microestruturais e magnéticas, principalmente na coercividade intrínseca (iHc) de ímãs sinterizados à base de Pr14FebalCo16B6Nb0,1, Pr14FebalCo16B6Zr0,1 e Pr14FebalCo16B6Nb0,1(x), x = Al0,1 e Dy0,3 (% at.), obtidos por MS, HD e MP respectivamente. Pelo processo MS, através da variação dos parâmetros, obtiveram-se fitas e flocos com 30 μm de espessura e 5 mm de largura. Pelos resultados de análise de difração por raios X (DRX) através do método de refinamento de Rietveld GSAS, observou-se majoritariamente a presença da fase magnética principal Φ (Pr2Fe14B) com tamanho médio de cristalito (TMC) de 48 nm a 78 nm e parâmetros de rede adequados. Essas ligas exibiram perfil isotrópico e iHc máxima = 254 kA m-1. Os ímãs sinterizados obtidos exibiram fases características de ímãs de TR-Fe-B e iHc máxima = 302 kA m-1.

    Palavras-Chave: magnetic materials; rare earth alloys; praseodymium; microstructure; manufacturers; permanent magnets; surface coating; spin-on coating

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  • IPEN-DOC 19065

    GOMES, MAURILIO P. . Investigation on the corrosion mechanisms of pure magnesium and the effect of friction stir welding (FSW) on the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy 2524-T3 / Investigação dos mecanismos de corrosão do magnésio puro e o efeito da soldagem por fricção e mistura (FSW) na resistência à corrosão da liga de alumínio 2524-T3 . 2021. Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 91 p. Orientador: Isolda Costa. DOI: 10.11606/T.85.2021.tde-10032022-151859

    Abstract: Friction stir welding (FSW) is a process that has proven to be quite efficient when it comes to joining high-strength aluminum alloys, for instance AA2524-T3. This can be justified by the fact that welding aluminum alloys by FSW technique allows (i) reduction of aircraft weight by eliminating the rivets commonly used and (ii) the use of different aluminum alloys that have low specific density and high mechanical strength. However, even though FSW allows the joining of metallic parts without their effective fusion, which theoretically would result in a defect-free weld bead, the heat resulting from the friction of the welding tool causes significant microstructural changes. In consequence, it results in variations of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in the welded region. It was evaluated the FSW welding process influence on the corrosion resistance of the joined 2524-T3 aluminum alloy. Different tools have been used, such as: optical and scanning electron microscopy; open circuit potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements; and corrosion tests: agar-agar test, intergranular corrosion test, and exfoliation corrosion test. It was proven by different techniques that the thermomechanically/thermal affect zone interface on the retreating side was the most susceptible to corrosion among all investigated zones. A parallel study was developed regarding the corrosion mechanism of pure magnesium. It has been the subject of a considerable amount of work, and despite its ubiquity and history, it remains controversial. This is mainly due to the presence of the negative difference effect (NDE), which increases hydrogen formation when the magnesium is biased on the anodic domain. We was performed a detailed analysis of the electrochemical impedance spectra obtained for the Mg electrode during immersion in a sodium sulfate solution. A model was proposed which took into account the presence of: (i) a thin oxide film (MgO) which progressively covered the Mg electrode surface, (ii) film-free areas where the Mg dissolution occurs in two consecutive steps, (iii) a thick layer of corrosion products (Mg(OH)2), (iv) an adsorbed intermediate Mg+ads which is responsible for the chemical reaction allowing the NDE to be explained. From the impedance data analyses, various parameters were extracted such as the thin oxide film thickness, the resistivity at the metal/oxide film interface and at the oxide film/electrolyte interface, the active surface area as a function of the exposure time to the electrolyte, the thickness of the thick Mg(OH)2 layer and the kinetic constants of the electrochemical reactions.

    Palavras-Chave: aluminium alloys; magnesium compounds; joining; welding; friction; stirring; microstructure; electrochemical corrosion; corrosion protection; corrosion resistance; mechanical properties; strength functions; impedance; materials testing

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  • IPEN-DOC 19062

    CAMPARA, MARCELO J.V. . Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta mobile para teste Elisa em microcircuitos e detecção de cores com inteligência artificial / Development of a mobile tool for Elisa tests in microcircuits and color detection with artificial intelligence . 2021. Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 113 p. Orientador: Anderson Zanardi de Freitas. DOI: 10.11606/T.85.2021.tde-10032022-144112

    Abstract: A análise de materiais é uma área na qual pesquisadores vem se esforçando cada vez mais na busca de ferramentas mais precisas, visando desvendar informações muitas vezes não evidentes sem ajuda de instrumentos. O objetivo principal foi desenvolver um protótipo analisador microfluídico móvel, capaz de avaliar variações de cores em amostras microfluídicas, visando diagnósticos baseados em exames Enzyme-Linked ImmunonoSorbent Assay (ELISA). O mapeamento de cores em microcircuitos proporcionou quatro aplicações diferentes. Primeiramente, contribuindo para análises em exames ELISA executados dentro de microcircuitos microfluídicos. Posteriormente foi utilizada a mesma metodologia para estudar o comportamento do microfluido dentro do microcircuito, usando um aplicativo de celular, baseando-se no modelo Red-Green-Blue (RGB). Ainda foi desenvolvido um software capaz de mapear as cores usando o modelo conhecido como Hue-Saturation-Value (HSV). Por fim, foi desenvolvido um software baseado em uma técnica de inteligência artificial conhecida como agrupamento ou clusters. A base de todas as análises são fotos capturadas dos microcircuitos usando uma interface especialmente projetada em impressão tridimensional (3D). As análises proporcionaram uma nova forma de analisar amostras ELISA e também um novo meio de avaliar o desempenho dos microcircuitos de diferentes formatos, contribuindo de forma direta no design de sua fabricação.

    Palavras-Chave: enzyme immunoassay; bioassay; testing; image processing; mobility; tools; color; cluster analysis; fluidic control devices; microelectronic circuits; artificial intelligence

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  • IPEN-DOC 28628

    FREIRE, RENAN P. ; SILVA, FELIPE D. ; VITALE, PHELIPE; TODESCHINI, IRIS; MENEZES, FILIPE ; OLIVEIRA, JOAO E. de ; OLIVEIRA, MONA das N.; SOARES, CARLOS R.J. . SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) glycoprotein expression, purification and characterization in suspension human embryonic kidney cells 293. In: PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN ANIMAL CELLS CONFERENCE, 15th, September 13-16, 2021, Online. Abstract... 2021.

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic virus RNA positive, which became responsible to be the largest sanitary crisis faced by humanity: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some symptoms include major sneeze conditions, who could evolve to severe acute respiratory syndrome, and in some cases, to death. Techniques for accurate detection of this virus are essential to promote an accurate diagnosis of infected patients. SARS-CoV-2 has several targets with clinical interest; although, the focuses is on Spike (S), a homotrimer glycoprotein, that interacts with angiotensin converting enzyme receptor (ACE2), developing the infection in host cells. Thus, we recognize that the demand for the glycoprotein S is necessary, requiring large amounts with high purity level. The current work has the main objective the transient expression of SARS-CoV-2 S protein into suspension human embryonic kidney cells 293 (HEK293), purification and characterization, to use it as a template for discovering new molecular markers. SARSCoV- 2 S modified protein cDNA was inserted into pαH plasmid, amplified, and purified. For transient recombinant protein expression, 7.5 x 107 HEK293 cells (Expi293FTM cells) was seeded in 27 mL Expi293™ culture Medium. The transfection was carried out with a cationic lipid ExpiFectamine™ and 30 μg of plasmid, mixed with 3 mL Opti-Mem® culture medium. Cell culture was maintained for seven days in 125 mL vent cap Erlenmeyer, 32 ºC, 8% CO2, under 125 rpm orbital shaker rotation. 10 mL aliquots were collected on four- and seven-day post transfection, stored at -80 ºC. Physical-chemical and biological characterizations were determined by SDS-PAGE, ELISA, and Western Blotting. Purification from 40 mL of conditioned medium was carried out in two steps: Strep-Tag affinity column, followed by a size exclusion Superose® 6 (10/300), 5.0 mg of oligomeric recombinant protein with 95% purity was obtained. We believe that this process can be easily adapted to different volumes, being very useful for obtaining, in a short time, enough pure and immunological active SARS-CoV-2 S for further studies and applications, such as, cryogenic electron microscopy, mass spectroscopy, N-glycan structures, antibody production and immunologic assays development.

    Palavras-Chave: coronaviruses; glycoproteins; kidneys; embryonic cells; diagnostic techniques

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  • IPEN-DOC 28627

    FREIRE, LUCIANO O. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de . Clean and safe nuclear power: emerging fusion technologies for near future. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RENEWABLE ENERGY AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES, June 21, 2021, Online. Proceedings... 2021.

    Abstract: New research developments suggest that nuclear reactors using fusion may enter the market sooner than imagined even for mobile applications, like merchant ship propulsion and remote power generation. This article aims at pointing such developments and how they could affect nuclear fusion. The method is enumerating the main nuclear reactors concepts, identifying new technological or theoretical developments, and analysing how new recombination could affect feasibility of nuclear fusion. New technologies or experimental results do not always work the way people imagine, being better or worse for intended effects or even bringing completely unforeseen effects. Results point the following designs could be successful, in descending order of potential: aneutronic nuclear reactions using lattice confinement, hybrid fission-lattice confinement fusion, aneutronic nuclear reactions using inertial along magnetic confinement, and fission reactions.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear power; cleaning; greenhouse gases; reactors; pwr type reactors

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  • IPEN-DOC 28626

    MOREIRA, JOSE R.S.; GRIMONI, JOSE A.B.; ROCHA, MARCELO da S. . Energia e panorama energético. In: MOREIRA, JOSE R.S. (Org.). Energias renováveis, geração distribuída e eficiência energética. 2 ed.. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: LTC, 2021. p. 1-14, cap. 1.

    Palavras-Chave: eletric power; electric power industry; power transmission; electric utilities; energy sources; power generation; solar energy; renewable energy sources; energy consumption

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  • IPEN-DOC 28625

    MOREIRA, EDSON G. . Técnicas analíticas nucleares no (bio)monitoramento da poluição ambiental. In: PASQUOTTO, GEISE B. (Org.); BENINI, SANDRA M. (Org.); NASCIMENTO, ANA P.B. do (Org.); RIBEIRO, ANDREZA P. (Org.); GULINELLI, ERICA L. (Org.); BIERNATH, KARLA G. (Org.); MATTOS, KARINA A. (Org.). Planejamento e Gestão Urbana. Tupã, SP: ANAP, 2021. p. 37-46, cap. 3.

    Palavras-Chave: environment; environmental impacts; pollution control; monitoring; biological markers

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  • IPEN-DOC 28624

    PIMENTA, DANIEL C.; SPENCER, PATRICK J. . Bradykinin-potentiating and related peptides from reptile venoms. In: MACKESSY, STEPHEN P. (Ed.). Handbook of Venoms and Toxins of Reptiles. 2 ed.. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press, 2021. cap. 16. DOI: 10.1201/9780429054204

    Abstract: Evolution has provided venomous snakes with a vast arsenal of molecules able to interfere in several physiological processes. The ultimate role of these toxins, which are proteins or peptides, is to subdue the prey, although digestive functions should also be considered. Among these toxins, some are vasoactive peptides, which induce a drastic drop in blood pressure. This effect is attributed mostly to bradykinin-potentiating peptides, although other venom peptides have been shown to interfere with blood pressure. Bradykinin-potentiating peptides are modular in nature, with highly conserved motifs, and present high proline content, a pyroglutamate at the N-terminal and an IPP motif at the C-terminal. These peptides are potent and highly selective inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme, a crucial molecule for blood pressure regulation, and display K i s as low as 8 nM. Besides the enzyme inhibition, some of these peptides might cross the cell membrane, interfering in the production of nitric oxide, another modulator of blood vessel tonus. Evolution frequently results in physiological redundancies. Such a fact is reflected by the occurrence of another class of blood pressure–modulating toxins. C-type natriuretic peptides can be considered as such. Apparently, these toxins increase guanylate cyclase levels, inducing vasorelaxation. These peptides are being considered as drug leads for congestive heart failure. While C-type natriuretic peptides are still under investigation as potential drugs, bradykinin-potentiating peptide–derived drugs are the boldest example of the use of a deleterious “toxin” as a building block for a cheap drug that benefits a huge number of human beings.

    Palavras-Chave: bradykinin; peptides; proteins; snakes; toxins; venoms

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  • IPEN-DOC 28623

    FAINTUCH, BLUMA L. ; FAINTUCH, SALOMAO. O fim da fraude na pesquisa?. In: FAINTUCH, JOEL (Ed.). Ética em pesquisa: em Medicina, Ciências Humanas e da Saúde. Barueri, SP: Manole, 2021. p. 300-310, cap. 30.

    Abstract: Fraude e má conduta são termos abrangentes, que englobam todo o espectro de ações que comprometem a originalidade, a credibilidade e a reprodutibilidade de um estudo científico. Um passo decisivo no final do século XX e início do século XXI foi a oficialização da ética e da honestidade científica em nível nacional, e não apenas nos projetos de pesquisa, porém em todos os âmbitos científicos, por diversos países. Ainda assim a fraude resiste, incentivada pelo papel central das pesquisas e publicações no sucesso profissional. Algumas associações pugnam pelo fim do critério quantitativo (número de pesquisas publicadas) ou mesmo qualitativo (fator de impacto das revistas) na aferição das carreiras, por outros que reflitam o compromisso global do candidato com suas responsabilidades éticas, acadêmicas e profissionais.

    Palavras-Chave: medicine; patients; scientific personnel; clinical trials; ethical aspects; fraud; vaccines; experiment results

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  • IPEN-DOC 28622

    FAINTUCH, BLUMA L. ; FAINTUCH, SALOMAO. Os participantes de pesquisa clínica: perspectivas, motivação, estratégias e desafios éticos. In: FAINTUCH, JOEL (Ed.). Ética em pesquisa: em Medicina, Ciências Humanas e da Saúde. Barueri, SP: Manole, 2021. p. 47-55, cap. 6.

    Abstract: A ciência desenvolveu ensaios na tela do computador (in silico), de bancada ou tubo de ensaio (in vitro) e de outras modalidades não invasivas. Ainda assim. só haverá certeza se o medicamento A é mais eficaz que o B, ou se a cirurgia X salva mais vidas que a Y, aplicando-os a seres humanos no mundo real. Não é possível prescindir, portanto, de ensaios clínicos. Pode-se e deve-se cumprir os mais rigorosos princípios científicos e éticos, a fim de que os resultados logrados sejam não apenas verdadeiros e confiáveis, como obtidos da forma digna, segura, justa a transparente. Este capítulo revisa o estado atual da ética nos estudos clínicos sob o viés do participante, seja ele voluntário sadio ou enfermo à busca de tratamento.

    Palavras-Chave: patients; clinical trials; ethical aspects; experiment results; vaccines

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  • IPEN-DOC 28621

    BOLDRIN, MARIA V.; IRIKURA, KALLYNI; SILVA, BEATRIZ C. e; CARDOSO, JULIANO C. ; STULP, SIMONE; SILVA, CAROLINE M. da; FREM, REGINA C.G.; CANDIA-ONFRAY, CHRISTIAN; ROJAS, SUSANA; SALAZAR, RICARDO. Electrochemical applications of metal−organic frameworks: overview, challenges, and perspectives. In: GHOSH, POOJA (Ed.); KUMAR, SMITA S. (Ed.); SINGH, LAKHVEER (Ed.). Metal−Organic Frameworks for Carbon Capture and Energy. Washington, DC, USA: American Chemical Society, 2021. p. 395-453, cap. 15. (ACS Symposium Series, 1393). DOI: 10.1021/bk-2021-1393.ch015

    Abstract: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are materials constructed by linking multitopic organic ligands and metal ions or clusters by means of strong coordination bonds. These materials have attracted growing interest, due to their highly tunable composition, structure, and chemical functionalities, from which arise a great variety of remarkable topologies and properties. MOFs can be produced in different ways and theirmain characteristics are very high surface area, low density, reasonable thermal stability, and possibility of surface modification, due to the organic portion of the material. Such properties allow their use in wide range of applications, exploiting the ability to preconcentrate gases and other analytes in their cavities, as a result of the specific pore sizes and/or diverse functional groups of MOFs. This chapter describes and discusses the synthesis of MOFs and the applications of these materials in electrocatalytic processes, electrochemical sensors, photoelectrocatalytic processes, and degradation of organic pollutants in wastewaters.

    Palavras-Chave: organometallic compounds; electrochemistry; photoelectrolysis; carbon dioxide; emission

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  • IPEN-DOC 28620

    ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Radiation Technology in Health Sciences at IPEN: a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary Professional Master Degree. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1531-1531, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00844-3

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION The Professional Master Program in Radiation Technology in Health Sciences (MP-TRCS) of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute- IPEN/CNEN is a new program, started in August 2019. It is the only graduation program in the country to offer two nuclear reactors for educational purposes, for the development of dissertations, in addition to providing radiopharmaceuticals production in a nuclear reactor, in linear accelerator for radioisotope production, as well light and lasers applications. In addition to the infrastructure, the program has multidisciplinary training advisors working in an interdisciplinary manner who use their vast experience in radiation applied to medicine to guide students in a productive manner with a high degree of excellence. OBJECTIVES The MP-TRCS aims to fulfil a growing demand at IPEN/ CNEN from professionals working in hospitals and clinics, using ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS These students need a more dynamic course directed to the practical professional activities. We have students from the most diverse areas, such as medical doctors, biomedical doctors working in clinical analyses, radiotherapy physicists, physiotherapists, dentists specializing in imaging diagnosis and laser, among others, participating in the front line, who use radiation or assess its impact on their day-today routine. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS The first students have already begin to present their dissertation. The employability has increased among students enrolled in the program. CONCLUSION These professionals bring their experience to the program, which together with IPEN's academic structure and advisors, result in skilled students who are finding numerous career opportunities in the job market.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28619

    VIEIRA, DANIEL P. . Three-dimensional cellular culture system for testing of biological effects of radiations in tumoral and non-tumoral models. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1521-1521, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00844-3

    Abstract: In vitro cell cultures are a well-known controlled test system used to analyze tumor physiologic responses upon negative stimuli. Updated techniques, us-ing three-dimensional organization of cells in cultures, are being increasingly used to this purpose. Research organizations and industry are striving to pro-duce in vitro tumor surrogates that could be better test systems to antitumor agents as new compounds or to study radiation effects on cancers. The presentation will show some techniques currently used to build and maintain these specific cell cultures, and how experiments are evolving towards the production of tumoroids, or tumoral organoids, which will include various cell types and additive manufacturing.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28618

    DEL MASTRO, NELIDA L. ; GERVASONI, J.L.. Women in the nuclear field promoting Latin American integration. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1517-1517, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00844-3

    Abstract: Nuclear energy is used for the generation of electricity, but also for the production of radioisotopes, desalination of sea water and also for the production of hydrogen. Activities in the nuclear field are in the area of science, technology and innovation that has long belonged to an essentially male domain, in which the contributions of women were neglected or underestimated. The central idea for the creation of Women in Nuclear, WiN Global, was to support and encourage women working in nuclear science and technology and encourage the promotion of understanding and knowledge of the benefits of the peaceful use of nuclear energy by the public. WiN Global currently has predominantly female members coming from 129 different countries, belonging to chapters or individually. Today, WiN Global is integrated by 53 WiN Global chapters. Forty-nine countries have their own chapters and there are also regional and international ones. The history of Latin American integration started during the political independence movement of the countries of the New Continent. Since then, up and downs were overcome in order to keep a regional ambiance of good relationship. In the present study, a new form of integration is presented by the efforts of the women working in the nuclear ambit. This important movement involves Latin American WiN chapters (such as WiN Argentina, WiN Brazil, WiN ARCAL) promoting activities for the integration of our region. In order to quantify, to some extent, the participation of Latin American women, this paper presents a survey crossing data of the number of related publications to help to address an objective analysis of the trend of this integration.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28617

    YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. ; SAUTER, ISMAEL P. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Low power light triggers opposite effects on stem cells: influence of the wavelength and culture conditions. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1492-1493, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00844-3

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been gaining importance in a wide range of medical fields in the past few years, particularly in stem cell-based regenerative medicine. Improving in vitro cell proliferation, differentiation and viability are ways where PBM could play a pivotal role optimizing biotechnological and bioengineering applications. OBJECTIVES Here we investigated whether different wavelengths (blue, green and red) would promote distinct outcomes in human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) cultured in regular and supplemented media for tenocyte differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Freshly isolated hADSCs were cultured in a specific stem cell medium (MSCGM, Lonza), DMEM or a tenogenic medium (TEN-M: DMEM supplemented with growth factors and ascorbic acid). Cells were irradiated every 48 h (23.28 mW/cm 2 , 17 min 10 s delivering 24 J/cm 2 per session) using a LED irradiator (LEDbox, BioLambda). MTT and crystal violet assays were used to evaluate cell metabolic activity and proliferation. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS Red wavelength (660 nm) significantly increased metabolic activity after five irradiations, but only for cells cultured in TEN-M. Oppositely, blue (450 nm) and green (520 nm) light decreased both cell proliferation and metabolic rate, with more pronounced effects for blue light in TEN-M. Considering these findings, we examined whether irradiating only the media would generate toxic compounds that could impair cell viability. We therefore assessed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by p-nitrosodimethylaniline/histidine assay while irradiating the three different media under the same conditions as mentioned above. Immediately after blue and green light exposure, an increment in ROS production was observed for DMEM and TEN-M, that continuously increased until reaching between 4.5 and 7.1 μM one-hour after irradiation – with higher values for TEN-M exposed to blue light. CONCLUSION Since no significant ROS formation was observed following red light exposure, we concluded that medium composition was responsible for the different effects on metabolic activity and proliferation observed after irradiation with different wavelengths.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28616

    RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Light-based non-thermal therapy: from basis to clinical applications. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1491-1491, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00844-3

    Abstract: Light-based non-thermal therapies are evolving as promising non-invasive and cost-effective medical technologies. These therapeutic platforms mainly encompass photobiomodulation (PBM) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), which use visible or near infrared (NIR) light to induce biological responses without any significant heating effects. For PBM, it is most commonly used red or NIR light to optimize light penetration into biological tissues. The photon absorption by natural chromophores at these spectral regions cause photophysical and photochemical reactions inside cells that trigger several biological effects such as to accelerate wound healing, reduce inflammation and relief pain, depending on light parameters and target tissue. On the other hand, PDT makes use of photoactivated drugs, also called as photosensitizers, which absorb light to induce chemical reactions that kill microbial or cancer cells by oxidative stress. Our group have been investigating the mechanisms and several applications of PBM and antimicrobial PDT (APDT) for almost 20 years. In this lecture I will share our experience in the area to discuss how PBM and APDT could be used to revolutionize health care in the photonics era. An integrated perspective from the basic mechanisms, preclinical and clinical trials for both therapies will be presented, including PBM on cancer management and APDT against drug-resistant pathogens. The lecture will also highlight future perspectives.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28615

    LIMA, MAYELLE M.P. ; NASCIMENTO, PAMELA F. do ; NASCIMENTO, ANA C.G. ; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. . A simple and quick method to generate in vitro tridimensional tumor bodies from a human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) using magnetic aggregation technique. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1470-1470, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Tumor physiology studies have to rely on efficient and representative models, as animal-based or in vitro tridimensional cell constructs. The work used magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles produced by electron-beam induced chemical reduction to give cells the ability to form aggregates when submitted to a magnetic field, and thus to produce micro tumors in vitro. OBJECTIVES The work aimed to produce human breast adenocarcinoma mini tumors (BAMT's) in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PION’s) were synthesized through electron-beam induced Fe3+ reduction and subsequent coprecipitation. Due to its poly-L-lysine coating, PION’s were adsorbed on cell membranes ofMCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma). Cells were seeded in 24-well cell culture plates pre-treated overnight with Pluronic® F-127 to prevent cell adhesion and kept in culture conditions under magnetic fields for at least 6 days. BAMT's were differentially stained with Hoescht 33342 and ethidium bromide and imaged by wide-field fluorescence microscopy. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS BAMT's appeared as integer and well-defined cellular aggregates, with sparse dead cells stained by ethidium bromide. These structures can be further used for in vitro tumor studies, as BAMT’s are supposed to be more reliable models than monolayer cultures. Treatment of wells with poloxamer caused a mild to moderated cell-repellent effect, similar to those found in commercially available products, only by a fraction of the cost. CONCLUSION The experiments succesfully produced mini tumors prone to be used in in vitro studies.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28614

    SANTOS, CAROLINA S.F. dos ; BELLINI, MARIA H. ; SANTOS, SOFIA N. dos ; ARAUJO, ELAINE B. de . Estudo sobre a eficiência do radiofármaco PSMA-1007-18F na detecção do câncer de próstata em um estudo pré-clínico in vivo. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1467-1467, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION O PSMA-1007-18F é caracterizado por uma biodistribuição única em comparação com outros agentes de PSMA, pois é eliminado através do fígado, além de ter captação elevada dentro das células do câncer de próstata. OBJECTIVES O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a especificidade do radiofármaco PSMA-1007-18F em camundongos com modelo tumoral PSMA+ através de um estudo de bloqueio. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animais SCID com células tumorais LNCaP foram preparados e divididos em quatro grupos (n=5) de acordo com os tempos de biodistribuição de 30 minutos, uma hora, duas horas e uma hora com agente bloqueador PSMA I&T (100μg/μL), sendo injetado 30 minutos antes do radiofármaco. Foram injetados 5,55 MBq (0,056 MBq/μL) via caudal nos animais e após os tempos pré-determinados foram sacrificados, com os órgãos de interesse coletados, pesados e sua atividade contabilizada. As imagens PET/CT foram realizados para ilustrar a captação do PSMA-1007-18F pelo tumor e por órgãos PSMA+ com e sem bloqueio. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS O grupo de 30 minutos apresentou maiores captações, caracterizando o estágio de distribuição. Rins e baço apresentaram alta captação pelo PSMA-1007-18F por serem PSMA+, onde sua especificidade pode ser constata pela drástica diminuição de captação nos animais com agente bloqueador. A captação pelas células tumorais de próstata se mostrou constante durante o período avaliado e foi efetivamente bloqueada pelo excesso de PSMA I&T (imagem), que confirma a ligação do radiofármaco aos receptores de PSMA. Apesar de apresentar uma baixa hidrofilicidade, a razão entre tumor/sangue e tumor/músculo foi de 14,18 ± 3,19 e 4,78 ± 1,52 em 1h, respectivamente. CONCLUSION O radiofármaco PSMA-1007-18F apresenta propriedades de ligação que fornecem captação tumoral específica. Sua viabilidade em imagens para câncer de próstata foi demonstrada pela alta especificidade pelas células PSMA+ e pela via de excreção hepatobiliar. Os resultados deste estudo serão úteis para subsidiar o registro e comercialização deste radiofármaco.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28613

    NASCIMENTO, ANA C.G. ; GALISTEO JUNIOR, ANDRES J.; SILVA, GIOVANA D. da ; ROCHA, LEONARDO W.P. de S. ; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. . Effective methodology for maintaining Toxoplasma gondii in vitro using paramagnetic iron nanoparticles to support three-dimensional cell culture. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1466-1466, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that infects approximately one billion people worldwide. Upon infection, the host may die due to latent infection or presence with chronic cysts in brain, retina or muscle tissue. Humans can become infected consuming water or foods contaminated with oocysts or eating undercooked meat. Its virulent form is difficult to replicate in vitro, requiring additional steps using experimental animals. The use of nanotechnology can contribute to this in vitro production, through the three-dimensional cultivation of mouse fibroblast cells (NIH / 3T3 ATCC ® CRL-1658™) and nanoparticles synthesized with radiation. OBJECTIVES The objective of this work was to demonstrate the three-dimensional culture of fibroblast cells aggregated to nanoparticles for inoculation the T. gondii. MATERIALS AND METHODS This methodology was created to facilitate parasite management and replication. For the production of nanoparticles, the work used concentrations of iron sulfate II heptahydrate (Fe2SO4.7H2O, CAS 7782-63-0) and glycine (NH2CH2COOH, CAS 56-40-6) diluted in ultrapure water free ofO2 at pH 12. This solutionwas irradiated by electron beam of the IPEN / CNEN-SP Radiation Technology Center in doses of at least 15 and at most 30kGy. Paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PION’s) were then adsorbed on cell membranes, and cells were kept together by a magnetic field. Structured spheroids (4 day of culture) were infected with 106 parasites (RH strain) and the infection was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS Tachyzoiteswere found inside 3T3 cells, assuring that the spheroid can be a suitable culture substrate to T. gondii in vitro propagation. CONCLUSION A three-dimensionalmethodology for in vitro cultivation of the parasite is perhaps the key for applications in the study of toxoplasmosis, as it has a fast, cheap, efficient production (yield and reduction of contamination).

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  • IPEN-DOC 28612

    SEPULVEDA, ANDERSON F.; FRANCO, MARGARETH ; YOKAICHIYA, FABIANO; ARAUJO, DANIELE de. POLYana: a new software for rheological study of polymeric colloidal materials. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1464-1465, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION POLYAna is a new executable software developed by SISLIBIO group for rheological analysis of hydrogel and organogel systems and other colloidal materials (nanoparticles and micelles). The software development aims to facilitate the analysis of rheology data associated to both temperature- and frequency-dependent analysis, viscosity and curve flow profiles. OBJECTIVES The software development aims to facilitate the analysis of rheology data associated to both temperature- and frequency-dependent analysis, viscosity and curve flow profiles. MATERIALS AND METHODS From raw data, several models are applied like power-law model for frequency response and curve flow, Boltzmann law to calculate gelation temperature and viscosity response under temperature,Maxwell model to study interchain relationships in addition to other models such as Bingham model, Cross model, and Herschel-Bulkley are also available. POLYana outputs calculates rheological parameters like consistency, adhesion, hysteresis, flow index, G’/G” ratio. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS To validate results obtained from POLYana, same data were analyzed by applying other programs and same mathematical models. In this sense, rheological analysis of Poloxamer 407 in water solution (15 %) were performed: from temperature-dependent G’ and G” analysis were obtained gelation temperature of 45.46 ± 0.02 °C, η_0 = 0.08 ± 0.03 mPa*s, η_max = (32.44 ± 0.17) mPa*s and dη/dT = (1.27 ± 0.02) mPa*s/°C by fitting Boltzmann law (R2 = 0.998), which are similar to results obtained by others softwares and found in literature. From temperature-dependent G’ and G” analysis, it gets adhesion value of (1647.15 ± 18.01) mPa*sn calculated from power-law model (R2 = 0.869), also similar to PRISM results. CONCLUSION Also, other Poloxamer concentrations and hydrogels types have been evaluated, showing close numbers to that previously reported. In order to stablish structural relationships, one of POLYana tools is also to analyze small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and develop Monte Carlo simulation for SANS and rheological analysis, simultaneously.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28611

    SILVA, CAMILA R. ; PINTO, MAYARA S. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Photodynamic therapy associated with ionizing radiation in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1386-1386, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most common cancer for women worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, it is considered the 5 th leading cause of death from cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of this disease that represents around 20% of all invasive breast cancer, whose main characteristics are resistance to conventional treatments, such as exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). On the order hand, the photodynamic therapy (PDT) using porphyrins and their derivatives has been described in the literature as a potential therapy against cancer. OBJECTIVES Thus, our goal in this work was to associate PDT and IR in the treatment of TNBC. MATERIALS AND METHODS MDA-MB-231 cells at a concentration of 2x104 cells were submitted to PDT using TMPyP porphyrin (30 μM) and a red light (660 ±11 nm) with fluences of the 23 and 57.5 J/cm 2 (57.3 mW/cm 2). Immediately post-PDT, cells were divided into groups: non-treated (control), only IR and PDT associated with IR (PDT57+IR and PDT23+IR) and then, exposed to IR with a dose of 2.5 Gy. Past 24-h of the PDT-session, the cell viability, clonogenicity and total glutathione were verified. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS Cells exposed to IR not presented statistically significance difference compared to the control group. However, treated groups showed around 38% lower cell viability in relation to the control and IR groups. For the clonogenic assay a reduction of the approximately 65% was observed between IR and treated groups. Regarding to the total glutathione, all groups showed an increase when compared to control group. Nonetheless, no were identified differences between IR and treated groups. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results indicate that PDTassociate with IR may be an ally in TNBC treatment.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28610

    PINTO, MAYARA S. ; SILVA, CAMILA R. ; SALVEGO, CAMILA de A. ; SIMOES, MARTHA R. . Red LED irradiation impacts the cytotoxic response of murine breast cancer cells to ionizing radiation. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1385-1385, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is a disease of worldwide importance since it is considered the 5th leading cause of cancer deaths. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a molecular subtype that presents resistance to conventional radiotherapy, demanding high doses of ionizing radiation (IR) for a prolonged period of treatment. On the other hand, low-level light irradiation (LLLI) has been studied to sensitize cells before IR exposure. However, the literature is poor regarding the association of both techniques in TNBC cells. OBJECTIVES Thus, we aimed to assess the effect of LLLI before IR exposure on two TNBC cell lineages. MATERIALS AND METHODS MDA-MB-231 (human TNBC) and 4T1 (murine TNBC) were cultivated, seeded at a density of 2.5 x 10 5 cells/cm², and maintained in an incubator (37ºC, 5% of CO2) overnight. LLLI was performed with a red LED (λ= 660 ± 11 nm, 38.2 mW/cm²) delivering energies of 1.2 J and 6.0 J. One-h after LLLI, the cells were submitted to both 2.5 and 5.0 Gy doses from a 60 CO source. After 24-h, mitochondrial activity (MA) was quantified by MTT assay with n= 9/group. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS Our data showed that 4T1 cells exposed to LLLI at 1.2 J exhibited higher MA than cells exposed to IR2.5. In contrast, cells exposed to 6 J of LLLI showed lower MA than IR5. Concerning MDA-MB231 cells, no statistically significant differences were noticed among groups regardless of IR and LLLI doses. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that LLLI before IR could sensitize only murine breast cancer. Besides, an appropriate combination of IR and LLLI doses seems to play a role to kill TNBC cells.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28609

    SOUZA, MARESSA D.F. de ; ITRI, ROSANGELA; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Reconstitution of Leishmania plasma membrane to understand the photodynamic effect. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1384-1384, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Leishmaniasis is an important neglected disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used to fight cutaneous leishmaniasis showing good results. However, PDT mechanisms in Leishmania parasites are not yet completely clarified. OBJECTIVES In this work, our objective was to develop a protocol to produce giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) from Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes to understand the mechanisms of action of methylene blue (MB)-mediated PDT on the cell membrane of parasites. MATERIALS AND METHODS For membrane extraction, several techniques were tested. The osmotic shock was the technique that presented the best yield and effectiveness. Phosphate and protein measurements were performed to confirm membrane extraction. For the growth of GPMVs, the best technique was electroforming using different frequencies and voltages in 4 cycles. Reconstituted GPMVs were observed by phase-contrast light microscopy. Subsequently, PDT was applied to GPMVs dispersed in an aqueous solution containing 50 μM MB and we verified the changes in permeability before and after exposure to light. The same processwas applied to giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) with lipid compositions similar to the parasite membrane. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS The electroforming technique with the protocol developed in this work made it possible to obtain GPMVs froma promastigote membrane isolate of L. amazonensis. The membrane isolation technique was effective to extract the parasite's membrane while preserving lipids and proteins. In GUVs we observe an increase in the area during PDT in different compositions and loss of contrast. The GPMVs showed a loss of contrast as well as the GUVs but did not show an increase in area. CONCLUSION This factor could be explained by the high degree of complexity of the membrane, which contains membrane proteins in addition to containing lipids.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28608

    SOUZA, TIAGO H. dos S.; ANDRADE, CAMILA; CABRAL, FERNANDA ; SARMENTO-NETO, JOSE; REBOUCAS, JULIO; SANTOS, BEATE; RIBEIRO, MARTHA ; FIGUEIREDO, REGINA; FONTES, ADRIANA. Effects of photodynamic inactivation mediated by Zn(II) porphyrin on promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1380-1381, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has been attracting attention as an innovative technology to treat topical diseases, such as cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Zn(II) meso-tetrakis(N-n-hexylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin (ZnTnHex-2-PyP 4+ ) is a lipophilic water-soluble Zn(II) porphyrin with improved photophysical properties, high chemical stability, and cationic/ amphiphilic character that can enhance its interaction with cells. OBJECTIVES Thus, this study aimed to investigate the PDI effects mediated by ZnTnHex-2-PyP 4+ on Leishmania amazonensis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Confocal fluorescence microscopy was explored to study the interaction of ZnTnHex-2-PyP 4+ with promastigotes. The PDI action was analyzed by cell membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and cell morphology. Promastigotes were incubated with ZnTnHex-2-PyP 4+ for 5 min at 0.62 and 1.25 μM and irradiated by a LED (410 nm) for 1 or 3 min (2.3 and 3.4 J/cm 2 , respectively). PDI on amastigotes and the cytotoxicity onmacrophages were also analyzed (3.4 J/cm 2 ). DISCUSSION AND RESULTS Fluorescence microscopy revealed that parasites efficiently uptake ZnTnHex-2-PyP 4+ and displayed a punctate labeling pattern along with the cytoplasm. An intenseΔΨmdepolarization was also observed, which in association with microscopy results, suggests that ZnTnHex-2-PyP 4+ may accumulate in the mitochondrion, or other well-defined structures close to it. Moreover, ZnTnHex-2-PyP 4+ at concentration as low as 0.62 μM led to the immediate inactivation of >95% of promastigotes, regardless of the light dose used. Loss of the fusiform shape and plasma membrane wrinkling were also observed. After a single treatment session in amastigotes, PDI led to a reduction of 70% in the infection index. No considerable toxicity was observed on mammalian cells. CONCLUSION Thus, PDI of Leishmania parasites showed in vitro efficiency at a submicromolar concentration of ZnTnHex-2-PyP 4+ , with short pre-incubation and irradiation times. The results encourage further studies in CL pre-clinical assays and PDI of other microorganisms.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28607

    CONTATORI, CAROLINA G. de S. ; PINTO, MAYARA S. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Melanoma cell migration in response to red and near-infrared low-level light. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1380-1380, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Cell migration plays an important role in tissue formation and cancer progression. In vitro scratch assay has been used for many years to study cell migration to mimic the migration of in vivo cells, and, thus, to evaluate cancer growth. Low-level red and near-infrared light (LLL) can increase normal cell migration. However, the impact of LLL on tumor cells remains unclear. OBJECTIVES In this work, we aimed to evaluate the effects of a single LLL dose on melanoma cell migration. MATERIALS AND METHODS B16F10 (murine melanoma) cells were cultivated in RPMI medium with 10% of fetal bovine serum until they reached 80% confluency. The cell line was seeded in a 6-well plate at a density of 2x10 5 cells/well in triplicate at two different moments. A wound scratch was performed to disrupt the confluent cellmonolayerwith a 10 μL pipette tip. Immediately after the injury, the cells were submitted to the LLL at two distinct wavelengths (660 and 780 nm) provided by a LED and a laser, respectively, delivering 3 different energies (1.3, 3.6, and 6 J) at an irradiance of 4.2 mW/cm 2 . The control group was not irradiated. Cells were photographed immediately and at 3, 12, 24, and 36 h after the scratch. The wound closure was measured using ImageJ software. To evaluate the overall migration, we calculated the areas under the curve for each group. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS Cells exposed to the red laser at 6 J migrated slower than control. In contrast, LLL at 780 nm promoted faster cell migration when irradiated with 3.6 J. CONCLUSION These results suggest that low-level LEDs at 660 nm could prevent melanoma progression in higher energies. However, 780 nm should be avoided at middle energies.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28606

    MITSUTAKE, HERY; SOUZA, ALESSANDRO D. de; YOKAICHIYA, FABIANO; FRANCO, MARGARETH K.K.D. ; CLEMENS, DANIEL; KENT, BEN; BREITKREITZ, MARCIA C.; RIBEIRO, LIGIA N. de M.; PAULA, ENEIDA de; BORDALLO, HELOISA N.. Evaluation of structural changes of benzocaine-loaded, optimized nanostructured lipid carriers using SANS and Raman imaging approaches. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1335-1335, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Local anesthetics are substances that reversibly block the nerve-impulse conduction, alleviating pain without loss of consciousness. Benzocaine, a poorly soluble local anesthetic, is an ester of para-aminobenzoic acid. Several strategies of formulations can be used to improve bioavailability and decrease adverse effects of benzocaine. In this study nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were employed. These lipid-based drug delivery carriers have a lipid core composed of a blend of solid and liquid lipids, and a shelf of non-ionic surfactant. OBJECTIVES The main aim of this work was to optimize benzocaine-loaded NLC and to investigate structural changes in these nanoparticles, under different temperatures. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ratio of excipients (cetyl palmitate, Capmul® PG-8 NF and Pluronic®F68) and benzocaine in the NLC was optimized using a 2 3 factorial design with respect to the following parameters: particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potentials. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS The interactions between the factors were found relevant to determine particle size and PDI. Using desirability function, the best formulation conditions were found. Structural changes in optimized NLC were observed with Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and Raman imaging, in samples at 27, 37 and 40º C. SANS pointed the formation of lamellar structures inside the NLC, which interlamellar distances increase at higher temperature. Raman imaging showed that the incorporation of P68 and benzocaine in-between the lipids increased at higher temperatures, explaining the changes in Q values (SANS). CONCLUSION This work shows how different scattering techniques can provide complementary information and be used together to characterize and understand the physical, chemical, and structural changes on the organization of pharmaceutical carriers in drug delivery system.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28605

    SANTOS, CAROLINA M. dos ; SAMPAIO, SUELEN de B.; SANTANA, FAGNER ; LEITE, RODRIGO C. ; PRATA, BEATRIZ A. ; AFFONSO, REGINA . A new approach for purification of the catalytic site of the Angiotensin Conversion Enzyme, N domain, mediated by the ELP-Inten system. Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1305-1305, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Angiotensin-converting enzyme I, ACE, is a key part of the renin-angiotensin system whose main function is to regulate blood pressure and balance of salts in the body. ACE1 has two isoforms, somatic, sACE, and testicular, tACE. sACE possesses two domains, N- C-, with catalytic sites which exhibit 60% sequence identity. These domains differ in terms of chloride-ion activation profiles, rates of peptide hydrolysis and sensitivities to various inhibitors. N-domain has specific action in the hydrolyze of Alzheimer’s diseases beta amyloid bodies and angiotensin 1-7, which active the MAS receptor and triggering anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory actions. OBJECTIVES The objective this work was to obtain catalytic site Ala361 to Gli468 of the N-domain region, csACEN, isolation without chromatographic and denaturant chemical process. MATERIALS AND METHODS For that, a new methodology was used in the expression of the csACEN peptide, in which the peptide was linked to the elastin-like polypeptide, ELP, and Intein, and expressed at 37C. The characterization of catalytic site was made by SDS-PAGE and dot blotting. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS The culture temperature at 37C significantly increased the expression of the ELP/Intein/csACEN fusion protein. This culture was lysed at a low temperature allowing the fusion protein to become soluble. The precipitation of ELP at high concentrations of ammonium sulfate were obtained in 0.57 M and 0.8 M. Intein autocleavage occurs at acidic pH and it is important to pay attention to: pI 6.65 for csACEN and pI 6.87 for ELPcsACEN, which are very low. The best autocleavage efficiency was withMES and TriHCl buffers, pH 6.3 and 6.8, respectively, in which pure csACEn peptide was obtained. CONCLUSION The strategy used to obtain the Ala361 to Gli468 catalytic site in soluble and pure form was obtained with success and the protocol for obtaining similar peptides was established.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28604

    TREMARIN, BEATRIZ; YOKAICHIYA, FABIANO; KELLERMANN, GUINTHER; FRANCO, MARGARETH K.K.D. ; STORSBERG, JOACHIM. Improvement of the methodological strategies to product functionalizes antibodies using Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS). Biophysical Reviews, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1301-1301, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00845-2

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION Antibodies are used by jawed vertebrates for defense against invading pathogens. Usage of those versatile tools in a plethora of settings in clinics and biomedical sciences hinges on functionalization strategies that retain native antibody reactivity. To this date, antibody functionalization is performed by trial and error. OBJECTIVES We aim to reduce costs by providing general principles to allow the full spectrum of antibody functionalization by correlating functionalized antibody reactivity to cognate antigen by small angle neutron scattering, SANS, measurements and mathematical modeling of antibody and antibody-antigen super-complexes, obtained by titration experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this research we have used for as antibody pure goat anti rabbit immunoglobulin, and for the antigen, pure Horseradish Peroxidase Preliminary results show that the systems (antibody and antibody-antigen complexes) do not change in the range of a temperature related to storage temperature (25º C), body temperature (37º C) and 40º C. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS These results will give us the pair distribution function of these systems and the results will be viewed in light of published precedence to highlight areas where future effort is needed to refine such versatile tools and improve their production. However, between the antibody and the complexes structure, different conformations were observed. The antibody has a globular structure with a radius of gyration around 33 Å, and the complexes display an elongated cylindrical shape with radius of gyration around 63 Å. CONCLUSION This study shows how the scattering techniques (SANS) can provide useful information about the conformation of the antibody and antibody-antigen formation and help to shed light in the understanding the physical, chemical, and structural changes on the organization of these important antibody functionalization for the immunological system.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28603

    PERINI, ALINE A. ; SHIRAISHI, GUILHERME F.; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. . Matching technological bid in smart cities initiatives: a case study of innovation fairs at research institute in Brazil. Journal of Business and Economics, v. 12, n. 6, p. 598-607, 2021. DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/06.12.2021/003

    Abstract: The main objective of this work was to present a general framework of the technology roadmap from a central competence of Nuclear and Energy Research Institute from Brazil. The approach provides a structured to strength the join to market mechanism design to survive in complex environment trends to shape the future. The technological innovation impact measures depend from (1) quality of diversified technology knowledge and (2) quality of diversified country industry knowledge. From this big view picture, the Technology Transfer Office took these two general dimensions of impact into account and divided them into four (4) sub-categories that explain potential benefits and performance results in areas such as: a) Current Projects and Programs, b) Patents, c) Education and Teaching and d) Scientific Publications. The sampling contemplated the big picture of performance related in National Management Information System and a repository proper in response to institutional performance growth and plans, programs and projects associated in Innovation key indicators and policy disclosure. The taxonomy to roadmapping innovation impact measure was centered in terms in two potential fields to shape the future: i) Nuclear Research Reactors and/or ii) Nanotechnology.

    Palavras-Chave: nanotechnology; socio-economic factors; research reactors; appropriate technology

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  • IPEN-DOC 28602

    PINTO, ANDREIA A.G.; NAGAI, MIRIAN Y. de O.; COIMBRA, EDNAR N.; MOHAMMAD, SUHAM N. ; SILVA, JEFFERSON S.; VON ANCKEN, ADALBERTO; PINTO, SANDRA A.G.; AGUIAR, MICHELLE S.; DUTRA-CORREA, MARISTELA; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A. ; MIRANDA, ADRIANA ; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S. ; SUFFREDINI, IVANA B.; PERES, GIOVANI B.; BERNARDI, MARIA M.; CARTWRIGHT, STEVEN J.; BONAMIN, LEONI V.. Bioresilience to mercury chloride of the brine shrimp Artemia salina after treatment with homeopathic Mercurius corrosivus. Homeopathy, v. 110, n. 4, p. 244-255, 2021. DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729562

    Abstract: Introduction: Finding solutions to mitigate the impact of pollution on living systems is a matter of great interest. Homeopathic preparations of toxic substances have been described in the literature as attenuation factors for intoxication. Herein, an experimental study using Artemia salina and mercury chloride was developed as a model to identify aspects related to bioresilience. Aims: The aim of the study was to describe the effects of homeopathic Mercurius corrosivus (MC) on Artemia salina cysts hatching and on mercury bioavailability. Methods: Artemia salina cysts were exposed to 5.0 µg/mL of mercury chloride during the hatching phase. MC potencies (6cH, 30cH, and 200cH) were prepared in sterile purified water and poured into artificial sea water. Different controls were used (non-challenged cysts and challenged cysts treated with water, succussed water, and Ethilicum 1cH). Four series of nine experiments were performed to evaluate the percentage of cyst hatching. Soluble total mercury (THg) levels and precipitated mercury content were also evaluated. Solvatochromic dyes were used to check for eventual physicochemical markers of MC biological activity. Results: Significant delay (p < 0.0001) in cyst hatching was observed only after treatment with MC 30cH, compared with controls. This result was associated with an increase of THg concentration in water (p = 0.0018) and of chlorine/oxygen ratio (p < 0.0001) in suspended micraggregates, suggesting changes in mercury bioavailability. A specific interaction of MC 30cH with the solvatochromic dye ET33 (p = 0.0017) was found. Conclusion: Changes in hatching rate and possible changes in Hg bioavailability are postulated as protective effects of MC 30cH on Artemia salina, by improving its natural bioresilience processes.

    Palavras-Chave: ecology; ecosystems; toxicity; pharmacology; drugs; mercury; artemia

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  • IPEN-DOC 28601

    CALDERON-HERNANDEZ, JOSE W.; MACHADO, CARULINE de S.C.; COSTA, ISOLDA ; MELO, HERCILIO G. de. Syringe cell to avoid crevice corrosion on stainless steels during potentiodynamic polarization testing. Corrosion, v. 77, n. 12, p. 1274-1277, 2021. DOI: 10.5006/3925

    Abstract: In this study, an electrochemical syringe droplet cell was developed and used to evaluate the pitting corrosion resistance of Type 304 stainless steel. The cell was also adapted to perform measurements in deaerated environment, by means of continuous N2 injection. The results obtained with the syringe cells, in both conditions (aerated and deaerated), were reproducible and free of crevice corrosion because the cell configuration does not allow obtaining this condition. The proposed cell demonstrates coherency with data acquired using conventional cell arrangements, being a potential alternative to study pitting corrosion of passive metals.

    Palavras-Chave: stainless steels; crevice corrosion; pitting corrosion; injection; shielding

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  • IPEN-DOC 28600

    MONTEIRO, P.S.P.; SANTOS, G.A. dos; NAKAMOTO, F.Y. ; NASCIMENTO, M.S. ; TERAM, R.; SANTOS, V.T. dos; SILVA, M.R. da; COUTO, A.A. ; MACHADO, I.F.; BRANDI, S.D.. Analysis of the influence of continuous-drive friction welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the UNS C64200 bronze-aluminum-silicon alloy. Defect and Diffusion Forum, v. 412, p. 185-195, 2021. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.412.185

    Abstract: Friction welding (FRW) is an important commercial solid-state welding process in which coalescence is achieved by frictional heat combined with pressure. The objective of this work is to analyze the microstructure and the mechanical behavior of the copper alloy UNS C64200 – bronze-aluminum- silicon, as well as to raise the ideal welding parameters so that there is adequate weldability after process of continuous-drive friction welding. Regarding the analysis of the microstructure, scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize phases. The mechanical properties were evaluated by means of a hardness test of the center of the welded joint, traversing the entire extent of the thermally affected zone. Results show that the UNS C64200 alloy, when subjected to conventional friction welding, behaves satisfactorily in terms of weldability, without the appearance of cracks or defects arising from the temperature characteristic of this process, as well as good hardness with values above the minimum established in norm and higher than the base material.

    Palavras-Chave: microstructure; hardness; tin alloys; aluminium alloys; silicon alloys; friction welding

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  • IPEN-DOC 28599

    GUIMARAES, M.A.; SANTOS, G.A. dos; NASCIMENTO, M.S. ; TERAM, R.; SANTOS, V.T. dos; SILVA, M.R. da; COUTO, A.A. ; MACHADO, I.F.. Study on the wear of cutting-tools used in dry machining of Cu-10wt%Al-5wt%Ni-5wt%Fe alloy. Defect and Diffusion Forum, v. 413, p. 194-200, 2021. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.413.194

    Abstract: Aluminium bronze alloys are special copper alloys that have a machinability rate from 20 to 40% compared to free cutting brasses, so the cutting parameters and type of tools suitable for machining of these materials may be very different for other copper alloys. Also, due to the relative high costs of the raw material, the absence of contamination of the chips by cutting fluids improve its intrinsic resales value and encourage the use of machining process without coolant. The aim of this work is to evaluate the tool wear mechanisms in the finishing machining of the Cu-10wt%Al- 5wt%Ni-5wt%Fe aluminium-bronze alloy with carbide and cermet inserts at different cutting speeds under dry machining condition. The turning of material showed lower surface roughness in higher speed conditions and better dimensional stability at lower speeds. It was observed the formation of continuous chips, but of little volume occupied. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses of tool wear show the adhesion as the main tool wear mechanism, followed by abrasion. At the lower cutting speed, the adhesion wears affected significantly the surface finish, reducing the tool life in comparison to the higher speeds.

    Palavras-Chave: aluminium; bronze; alloys; tools; wear; surface finishing; machining

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  • IPEN-DOC 28598

    LIMA, MAYELLE M.P. ; NASCIMENTO, PAMELA F. do ; NASCIMENTO, ANA C.G. ; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. . A simple and quick method to generate in vitro tridimensional tumor bodies from a human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) using magnetic aggregation technique. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 382-382.

    Abstract: Tumor physiology studies have to rely on efficient and representative models, as animal-based or in vitro tridimensional cell constructs. The work used magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles produced by electron-beam induced chemical reduction to give cells the ability to form aggregates when submitted to a magnetic field, and thus to produce micro tumors in vitro. The work aimed to produce human breast adenocarcinoma mini tumors (BAMT's) in vitro. Paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PION’s) were synthesized through electron-beam induced Fe3+ reduction and subsequent coprecipitation. Due to its poly-L-lysine coating, PION’s were adsorbed on cell membranes of MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma). Cells were seeded in 24-well cell culture plates pre-treated overnight with Pluronic® F-127 to prevent cell adhesion and kept in culture conditions under magnetic fields for at least 6 days. BAMT's were differentially stained with Hoescht 33342 and ethidium bromide and imaged by wide-field fluorescence microscopy. BAMT's appeared as integer and well-defined cellular aggregates, with sparse dead cells stained by ethidium bromide. These structures can be further used for in vitro tumor studies, as BAMT’s are supposed to be more reliable models than monolayer cultures. Treatment of wells with poloxamer caused a mild to moderated cell-repellent effect, similar to those found in commercially available products, only by a fraction of the cost. The experiments succesfully produced mini tumors prone to be used in in vitro studies.

    Palavras-Chave: carcinomas; mammary glands; nanoparticles; iron oxides

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  • IPEN-DOC 28597

    NASCIMENTO, ANA C.G. ; GALISTEO JUNIOR, ANDRES J.; SILVA, GIOVANA D. da ; ROCHA, LEONARDO W.P. de S. ; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. . Effective methodology for maintaining Toxoplasma gondii in vitro using paramagnetic iron nanoparticles to support three-dimensional cell culture. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 377-377.

    Abstract: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that infects approximately one billion people worldwide. Upon infection, the host may die due to latent infection or presence with chronic cysts in brain, retina or muscle tissue. Humans can become infected consuming water or foods contaminated with oocysts or eating undercooked meat. Its virulent form is difficult to replicate in vitro, requiring additional steps using experimental animals. The use of nanotechnology can contribute to this in vitro production, through the three-dimensional cultivation of mouse fibroblast cells (NIH/3T3 ATCC® CRL-1658™) and nanoparticles synthesized with radiation. The objective of this work was to demonstrate the three-dimensional culture of fibroblast cells aggregated to nanoparticles for inoculation the T. gondii. This methodology was created to facilitate parasite management and replication. For the production of nanoparticles, the work used concentrations of iron sulfate II heptahydrate (Fe2SO4.7H2O, CAS 7782-63-0) and glycine (NH2CH2COOH, CAS 56-40-6) diluted in ultrapure water free of O2 at pH 12. This solution was irradiated by electron beam of the IPEN / CNEN-SP Radiation Technology Center in doses of at least 15 and at most 30kGy. Paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PION’s) were then adsorbed on cell membranes, and cells were kept together by a magnetic field. Structured spheroids (4 day of culture) were infected with 106 parasites (RH strain) and the infection was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. Tachyzoites were found inside 3T3 cells, assuring that the spheroid can be a suitable culture substrate to T. gondii in vitro propagation. A three-dimensional methodology for in vitro cultivation of the parasite is perhaps the key for applications in the study of toxoplasmosis, as it has a fast, cheap, efficient production (yield and reduction of contamination).

    Palavras-Chave: protozoa; nanoparticles; fibroblasts; cell proliferation; in vitro

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  • IPEN-DOC 28596

    SEPULVEDA, ANDERSON F.; FRANCO, MARGARETH ; YOKAICHIYA, FABIANO; ARAUJO, DANIELE de. POLYana: a new software for rheological study of polymeric colloidal materials. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 374-374.

    Abstract: POLYAna is a new executable software developed by SISLIBIO group for rheological analysis of hydrogel and organogel systems and other colloidal materials (nanoparticles and micelles). The software development aims to facilitate the analysis of rheology data associated to both temperature- and frequency-dependent analysis, viscosity and curve flow profiles. The software development aims to facilitate the analysis of rheology data associated to both temperature- and frequency-dependent analysis, viscosity and curve flow profiles. From raw data, several models are applied like power-law model for frequency response and curve flow, Boltzmann law to calculate gelation temperature and viscosity response under temperature, Maxwell model to study interchain relationships in addition to other models such as Bingham model, Cross model, and Herschel-Bulkley are also available. POLYana outputs calculates rheological parameters like consistency, adhesion, hysteresis, flow index, G’/G’’ ratio. To validate results obtained from POLYana, same data were analyzed by applying other programs and same mathematical models. In this sense, rheological analysis of Poloxamer 407 in water solution (15 %) were performed: from temperature-dependent G’ and G’’ analysis were obtained gelation temperature of 45.46 ± 0.02 °C, η_0 = 0.08 ± 0.03 mPa*s, η_max = (32.44 ± 0.17) mPa*s and dη/dT = (1.27 ± 0.02) mPa*s/°C by fitting Boltzmann law (R2 = 0.998), which are similar to results obtained by others softwares and found in literature. From temperature-dependent G’ and G’’ analysis, it gets adhesion value of (1647.15 ± 18.01) mPa*sn calculated from power-law model (R2 = 0.869), also similar to PRISM results. Also, other Poloxamer concentrations and hydrogels types have been evaluated, showing close numbers to that previously reported. In order to stablish structural relationships, one of POLYana tools is also to analyze small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and develop Monte Carlo simulation for SANS and rheological analysis, simultaneously.

    Palavras-Chave: programming; data analysis; rheology; micellar systems; colloids

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  • IPEN-DOC 28595

    SILVA, CAMILA R. ; PINTO, MAYARA S. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Photodynamic therapy associated with ionizing radiation in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer cells. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 258-258.

    Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer for women worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, it is considered the 5 th leading cause of death from cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of this disease that represents around 20% of all invasive breast cancer, whose main characteristics are resistance to conventional treatments, such as exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). On the order hand, the photodynamic therapy (PDT) using porphyrins and their derivatives has been described in the literature as a potential therapy against cancer. Thus, our goal in this work was to associate PDT and IR in the treatment of TNBC. MDA-MB-231 cells at a concentration of 2x104 cells were submitted to PDT using TMPyP porphyrin (30 μM) and a red light (660 ±11 nm) with fluences of the 23 and 57.5 J/cm 2 (57.3 mW/cm 2). Immediately post-PDT, cells were divided into groups: non-treated (control), only IR and PDT associated with IR (PDT57+IR and PDT23+IR) and then, exposed to IR with a dose of 2.5 Gy. Past 24-h of the PDT-session, the cell viability, clonogenicity and total glutathione were verified. Cells exposed to IR not presented statistically significance difference compared to the control group. However, treated groups showed around 38% lower cell viability in relation to the control and IR groups. For the clonogenic assay a reduction of the approximately 65% was observed between IR and treated groups. Regarding to the total glutathione, all groups showed an increase when compared to control group. Nonetheless, no were identified differences between IR and treated groups. Taken together, our results indicate that PDT associate with IR may be an ally in TNBC treatment.

    Palavras-Chave: neoplasms; mammary glands; therapy; radiotherapy; combined therapy

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  • IPEN-DOC 28594

    PINTO, MAYARA S. ; SILVA, CAMILA R. ; SALVEGO, CAMILA de A. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Red LED irradiation impacts the cytotoxic response of murine breast cancer cells to ionizing radiation. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 256-256.

    Abstract: Breast cancer is a disease of worldwide importance since it is considered the 5th leading cause of cancer deaths. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a molecular subtype that presents resistance to conventional radiotherapy, demanding high doses of ionizing radiation (IR) for a prolonged period of treatment. On the other hand, low-level light irradiation (LLLI) has been studied to sensitize cells before IR exposure. However, the literature is poor regarding the association of both techniques in TNBC cells. Thus, we aimed to assess the effect of LLLI before IR exposure on two TNBC cell lineages. MDA-MB-231 (human TNBC) and 4T1 (murine TNBC) were cultivated, seeded at a density of 2.5 x 105 cells/cm², and maintained in an incubator (37ºC, 5% of CO2) overnight. LLLI was performed with a red LED (λ= 660 ± 11 nm, 38.2 mW/cm²) delivering energies of 1.2 J and 6.0 J. One-h after LLLI, the cells were submitted to both 2.5 and 5.0 Gy doses from a 60CO source. After 24-h, mitochondrial activity (MA) was quantified by MTT assay with n= 9/group. Our data showed that 4T1 cells exposed to LLLI at 1.2 J exhibited higher MA than cells exposed to IR2.5. In contrast, cells exposed to 6 J of LLLI showed lower MA than IR5. Concerning MDA-MB231 cells, no statistically significant differences were noticed among groups regardless of IR and LLLI doses. These findings indicate that LLLI before IR could sensitize only murine breast cancer. Besides, an appropriate combination of IR and LLLI doses seems to play a role to kill TNBC cells.

    Palavras-Chave: radiotherapy; radiobiology; photochemistry; toxicity

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  • IPEN-DOC 28593

    SOUZA, MARESSA D.F. de ; ITRI, ROSANGELA; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Reconstitution of Leishmania plasma membrane to understand the photodynamic effect. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 255-255.

    Abstract: Leishmaniasis is an important neglected disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used to fight cutaneous leishmaniasis showing good results. However, PDT mechanisms in Leishmania parasites are not yet completely clarified. In this work, our objective was to develop a protocol to produce giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) from Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes to understand the mechanisms of action of methylene blue (MB)- mediated PDT on the cell membrane of parasites. For membrane extraction, several techniques were tested. The osmotic shock was the technique that presented the best yield and effectiveness. Phosphate and protein measurements were performed to confirm membrane extraction. For the growth of GPMVs, the best technique was electroforming using different frequencies and voltages in 4 cycles. Reconstituted GPMVs were observed by phasecontrast light microscopy. Subsequently, PDT was applied to GPMVs dispersed in an aqueous solution containing 50 μM MB and we verified the changes in permeability before and after exposure to light. The same process was applied to giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) with lipid compositions similar to the parasite membrane. The electroforming technique with the protocol developed in this work made it possible to obtain GPMVs from a promastigote membrane isolate of L. amazonensis. The membrane isolation technique was effective to extract the parasite's membrane while preserving lipids and proteins. In GUVs we observe an increase in the area during PDT in different compositions and loss of contrast. The GPMVs showed a loss of contrast as well as the GUVs but did not show an increase in area. This factor could be explained by the high degree of complexity of the membrane, which contains membrane proteins in addition to containing lipids.

    Palavras-Chave: therapy; photodynamic therapy; protozoa; parasitic diseases; cell membranes

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  • IPEN-DOC 28592

    SOUZA, TIAGO H. dos S.; ANDRADE, CAMILA; CABRAL, FERNANDA ; SARMENTO-NETO, JOSE; REBOUCAS, JULIO; SANTOS, BEATE; RIBEIRO, MARTHA ; FIGUEIREDO, REGINA; FONTES, ADRIANA. Effects of photodynamic inactivation mediated by Zn(II) porphyrin on promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 250-250.

    Abstract: Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has been attracting attention as an innovative technology to treat topical diseases, such as cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Zn(II) mesotetrakis( N-n-hexylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin (ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+) is a lipophilic water-soluble Zn(II) porphyrin with improved photophysical properties, high chemical stability, and cationic/amphiphilic character that can enhance its interaction with cells. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the PDI effects mediated by ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+ on Leishmania amazonensis. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was explored to study the interaction of ZnTnHex-2- PyP4+ with promastigotes. The PDI action was analyzed by cell membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and cell morphology. Promastigotes were incubated with ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+ for 5 min at 0.62 and 1.25 μM and irradiated by a LED (410 nm) for 1 or 3 min (2.3 and 3.4 J/cm2, respectively). PDI on amastigotes and the cytotoxicity on macrophages were also analyzed (3.4 J/cm2). Fluorescence microscopy revealed that parasites efficiently uptake ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+ and displayed a punctate labeling pattern along with the cytoplasm. An intense ΔΨm depolarization was also observed, which in association with microscopy results, suggests that ZnTnHex-2- PyP4+ may accumulate in the mitochondrion, or other well-defined structures close to it. Moreover, ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+ at concentration as low as 0.62 μM led to the immediate inactivation of >95% of promastigotes, regardless of the light dose used. Loss of the fusiform shape and plasma membrane wrinkling were also observed. After a single treatment session in amastigotes, PDI led to a reduction of 70% in the infection index. No considerable toxicity was observed on mammalian cells. Thus, PDI of Leishmania parasites showed in vitro efficiency at a submicromolar concentration of ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+, with short pre-incubation and irradiation times. The results encourage further studies in CL pre-clinical assays and PDI of other microorganisms.

    Palavras-Chave: inactivation; skin diseases; porphyrins; mitochondria; cell membranes

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  • IPEN-DOC 28591

    CONTATORI, CAROLINA G. de S. ; PINTO, MAYARA S. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Melanoma cell migration in response to red and near-infrared low-level light. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 249-249.

    Abstract: Cell migration plays an important role in tissue formation and cancer progression. In vitro scratch assay has been used for many years to study cell migration to mimic the migration of in vivo cells, and, thus, to evaluate cancer growth. Low-level red and near-infrared light (LLL) can increase normal cell migration. However, the impact of LLL on tumor cells remains unclear. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the effects of a single LLL dose on melanoma cell migration. B16F10 (murine melanoma) cells were cultivated in RPMI medium with 10% of fetal bovine serum until they reached 80% confluency. The cell line was seeded in a 6-well plate at a density of 2x10 5 cells/well in triplicate at two different moments. A wound scratch was performed to disrupt the confluent cell monolayer with a 10 μL pipette tip. Immediately after the injury, the cells were submitted to the LLL at two distinct wavelengths (660 and 780 nm) provided by a LED and a laser, respectively, delivering 3 different energies (1.3, 3.6, and 6 J) at an irradiance of 4.2 mW/cm2. The control group was not irradiated. Cells were photographed immediately and at 3, 12, 24, and 36 h after the scratch. The wound closure was measured using ImageJ software. To evaluate the overall migration, we calculated the areas under the curve for each group. Cells exposed to the red laser at 6 J migrated slower than control. In contrast, LLL at 780 nm promoted faster cell migration when irradiated with 3.6 J. These results suggest that low-level LEDs at 660 nm could prevent melanoma progression in higher energies. However, 780 nm should be avoided at middle energies.

    Palavras-Chave: melanomas; modulation; infrared radiation; light sources; cell proliferation; migration; in vitro

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  • IPEN-DOC 28590

    MITSUTAKE, HERY; SOUZA, ALESSANDRO D. de; YOKAICHIYA, FABIANO; FRANCO, MARGARETH K.K.D. ; CLEMENS, DANIEL; KENT, BEN; BREITKREITZ, MARCIA C.; RIBEIRO, LIGIA N. de M.; PAULA, ENEIDA de; BORDALLO, HELOISA N.. Evaluation of structural changes of benzocaine-loaded, optimized nanostructured lipid carriers using SANS and Raman imaging approaches. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 183-183.

    Abstract: Local anesthetics are substances that reversibly block the nerve-impulse conduction, alleviating pain without loss of consciousness. Benzocaine, a poorly soluble local anesthetic, is an ester of para-aminobenzoic acid. Several strategies of formulations can be used to improve bioavailability and decrease adverse effects of benzocaine. In this study nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were employed. These lipid-based drug delivery carriers have a lipid core composed of a blend of solid and liquid lipids, and a shelf of non-ionic surfactant. The main aim of this work was to optimize benzocaine-loaded NLC and to investigate structural changes in these nanoparticles, under different temperatures. The ratio of excipients (cetyl palmitate, Capmul® PG-8 NF and Pluronic®F68) and benzocaine in the NLC was optimized using a 2 3 factorial design with respect to the following parameters: particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potentials. The interactions between the factors were found relevant to determine particle size and PDI. Using desirability function, the best formulation conditions were found. Structural changes in optimized NLC were observed with Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and Raman imaging, in samples at 27, 37 and 40º C. SANS pointed the formation of lamellar structures inside the NLC, which interlamellar distances increase at higher temperature. Raman imaging showed that the incorporation of P68 and benzocaine in-between the lipids increased at higher temperatures, explaining the changes in Q values (SANS). This work shows how different scattering techniques can provide complementary information and be used together to characterize and understand the physical, chemical, and structural changes on the organization of pharmaceutical carriers in drug delivery system.

    Palavras-Chave: drugs; pharmacology; anesthetics; drug delivery; design; raman spectra

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  • IPEN-DOC 28589

    SANTOS, CAROLINA M. dos ; SAMPAIO, SUELEN de B.; SANTANA, FAGNER ; LEITE, RODRIGO C. ; PRATA, BEATRIZ A. ; AFFONSO, REGINA . A new approach for purification of the catalytic site of the Angiotensin Conversion Enzyme, N domain, mediated by the ELP-Inten system. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 143-143.

    Abstract: Angiotensin-converting enzyme I, ACE, is a key part of the renin-angiotensin system whose main function is to regulate blood pressure and balance of salts in the body. ACE1 has two isoforms, somatic, sACE, and testicular, tACE. sACE possesses two domains, N- C-, with catalytic sites which exhibit 60% sequence identity. These domains differ in terms of chloride-ion activation profiles, rates of peptide hydrolysis and sensitivities to various inhibitors. N-domain has specific action in the hydrolyze of Alzheimer’s diseases beta amyloid bodies and angiotensin 1-7, which active the MAS receptor and triggering anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory actions. The objective this work was to obtain catalytic site Ala361 to Gli468 of the N-domain region, csACEN, isolation without chromatographic and denaturant chemical process. For that, a new methodology was used in the expression of the csACEN peptide, in which the peptide was linked to the elastin-like polypeptide, ELP, and Intein, and expressed at 37C. The characterization of catalytic site was made by SDS-PAGE and dot blotting. The culture temperature at 37C significantly increased the expression of the ELP/Intein/csACEN fusion protein. This culture was lysed at a low temperature allowing the fusion protein to become soluble. The precipitation of ELP at high concentrations of ammonium sulfate were obtained in 0.57 M and 0.8 M. Intein autocleavage occurs at acidic pH and it is important to pay attention to: pI 6.65 for csACEN and pI 6.87 for ELPcsACEN, which are very low. The best autocleavage efficiency was with MES and TriHCl buffers, pH 6.3 and 6.8, respectively, in which pure csACEn peptide was obtained. The strategy used to obtain the Ala361 to Gli468 catalytic site in soluble and pure form was obtained with success and the protocol for obtaining similar peptides was established.

    Palavras-Chave: angiotensin; enzymes; inflammation; thrombosis; temperature dependence

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  • IPEN-DOC 28588

    TREMARIN, BEATRIZ; YOKAICHIYA, FABIANO; KELLERMANN, GUINTHER; FRANCO, MARGARETH K.K.D. ; STORSBERG, JOACHIM. Improvement of the methodological strategies to product functionalizes antibodies using Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS). In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 138-138.

    Abstract: Antibodies are used by jawed vertebrates for defense against invading pathogens. Usage of those versatile tools in a plethora of settings in clinics and biomedical sciences hinges on functionalization strategies that retain native antibody reactivity. To this date, antibody functionalization is performed by trial and error. We aim to reduce costs by providing general principles to allow the full spectrum of antibody functionalization by correlating functionalized antibody reactivity to cognate antigen by small angle neutron scattering, SANS, measurements and mathematical modeling of antibody and antibody-antigen super-complexes, obtained by titration experiments. For this research we have used for as antibody pure goat anti rabbit immunoglobulin, and for the antigen, pure Horseradish Peroxidase Preliminary results show that the systems (antibody and antibody-antigen complexes) do not change in the range of a temperature related to storage temperature (25º C), body temperature (37º C) and 40º C. These results will give us the pair distribution function of these systems and the results will be viewed in light of published precedence to highlight areas where future effort is needed to refine such versatile tools and improve their production. However, between the antibody and the complexes structure, different conformations were observed. The antibody has a globular structure with a radius of gyration around 33 Å, and the complexes display an elongated cylindrical shape with radius of gyration around 63 Å. This study shows how the scattering techniques (SANS) can provide useful information about the conformation of the antibody and antibody-antigen formation and help to shed light in the understanding the physical, chemical, and structural changes on the organization of these important antibody functionalization for the immunological system.

    Palavras-Chave: neutrons; small angle scattering; antigen-antibody reactions; biophysics

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  • IPEN-DOC 28587

    ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Radiation Technology in Health Sciences at IPEN: a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary Professional Master Degree. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 105-105.

    Abstract: The Professional Master Program in Radiation Technology in Health Sciences (MP-TRCS) of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute- IPEN/CNEN is a new program, started in August 2019. It is the only graduation program in the country to offer two nuclear reactors for educational purposes, for the development of dissertations, in addition to providing radiopharmaceuticals production in a nuclear reactor, in linear accelerator for radioisotope production, as well light and lasers applications. In addition to the infrastructure, the program has multidisciplinary training advisors working in an interdisciplinary manner who use their vast experience in radiation applied to medicine to guide students in a productive manner with a high degree of excellence. The MP-TRCS aims to fulfil a growing demand at IPEN/CNEN from professionals working in hospitals and clinics, using ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. These students need a more dynamic course directed to the practical professional activities. We have students from the most diverse areas, such as medical doctors, biomedical doctors working in clinical analyses, radiotherapy physicists, physiotherapists, dentists specializing in imaging diagnosis and laser, among others, participating in the front line, who use radiation or assess its impact on their day-to-day routine. The first students have already begin to present their dissertation. The employability has increased among students enrolled in the program. These professionals bring their experience to the program, which together with IPEN's academic structure and advisors, result in skilled students who are finding numerous career opportunities in the job market.

    Palavras-Chave: radiations; training; education; educational tools

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  • IPEN-DOC 28586

    VIEIRA, DANIEL P. . Three-dimensional cellular culture system for testing of biological effects of radiations in tumoral and non-tumoral models. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 89-89.

    Abstract: In vitro cell cultures are a well-known controlled test system used to analyze tumor physiologic responses upon negative stimuli. Updated techniques, us-ing three-dimensional organization of cells in cultures, are being increasingly used to this purpose. Research organizations and industry are striving to pro-duce in vitro tumor surrogates that could be better test systems to antitumor agents as new compounds or to study radiation effects on cancers. The presentation will show some techniques currently used to build and maintain these specific cell cultures, and how experiments are evolving towards the production of tumoroids, or tumoral organoids, which will include various cell types and additive manufacturing.

    Palavras-Chave: cell cultures; three-dimensional calculations; tumor cells; radiations

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  • IPEN-DOC 28585

    DEL MASTRO, NELIDA L. ; GERVASONI, J.L.. Women in the nuclear field promoting Latin American integration. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 84-84.

    Abstract: Nuclear energy is used for the generation of electricity, but also for the production of radioisotopes, desalination of sea water and also for the production of hydrogen. Activities in the nuclear field are in the area of science, technology and innovation that has long belonged to an essentially male domain, in which the contributions of women were neglected or underestimated. The central idea for the creation of Women in Nuclear, WiN Global, was to support and encourage women working in nuclear science and technology and encourage the promotion of understanding and knowledge of the benefits of the peaceful use of nuclear energy by the public. WiN Global currently has predominantly female members coming from 129 different countries, belonging to chapters or individually. Today, WiN Global is integrated by 53 WiN Global chapters. Forty-nine countries have their own chapters and there are also regional and international ones. The history of Latin American integration started during the political independence movement of the countries of the New Continent. Since then, up and downs were overcome in order to keep a regional ambiance of good relationship. In the present study, a new form of integration is presented by the efforts of the women working in the nuclear ambit. This important movement involves Latin American WiN chapters (such as WiN Argentina, WiN Brazil, WiN ARCAL) promoting activities for the integration of our region. In order to quantify, to some extent, the participation of Latin American women, this paper presents a survey crossing data of the number of related publications to help to address an objective analysis of the trend of this integration.

    Palavras-Chave: documentation; information retrieval; information systems; nuclear energy; reactor technology; women

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  • IPEN-DOC 28584

    VALLE, MATHEUS del ; SANTOS, MOISES O. dos . Breast tissue diagnosis using artificial intelligence applied to FTIR spectroscopy images. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 42-42.

    Abstract: The estimative of new breast cancer cases was of 2.1 million of new breast cancer cases in 2018, hence being the most incident type of cancer in women. The improvement of its diagnosis has been the aim of many researchers, including vibrational spectroscopy teams. With the advancement of the artificial intelligence, a field of computer science to enhance intelligence into computer systems, specially of the deep learning, big data acquired from spectroscopy image has entered a new era. Therefore, the proposal of this work was to diagnose breast tissue samples as malignant (cancer) or benign (adenosis) using deep learning techniques. Micro-FTIR spectroscopy images were acquired from BR804b human breast tissue microarray (Biomax, USA), resulting in more than 100 thousand spectra for each group. A k-means approach was established to separate spectra into three clusters: tissue, paraffin and slide. A preprocessing step was applied by the following pipeline: outlier removal; biofingerprint truncation; Savitzky–Golay filter to smooth and to obtain the second derivative; extended multiplicative signal correction to correct spectra and remove the paraffin contribution. The deep learning algorithm was built using two-layers of one-dimensional convolutional neural network (CNN) connected to a two-layers (100 and 50 neurons) feedforward network (FFN). Both networks used dropout layers of 50% and rectified linear unit activations. CNN kernel size was set to 5. The output neuron used a sigmoid activation. Adam optimizer was applied to train the networks, using a binary cross-entropy loss to improve the weights. A 4-fold cross-validation of 20 epochs and batch size of 250 was performed. The networks exhibited an accuracy of (97.8 ± 0.4)% during the training stage, and (96.9 ± 0.8)% during the testing stage, demonstrating a generalized classification. Accuracies of almost 100% indicates this approach as a potential technique for the breast diagnosis.

    Palavras-Chave: fourier transformation; infrared spectrometers; artificial intelligence; mammary glands; neoplasms

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  • IPEN-DOC 28583

    YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. ; SAUTER, ISMAEL P. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Low power light triggers opposite effects on stem cells: influence of the wavelength and culture conditions. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 41-41.

    Abstract: Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been gaining importance in a wide range of medical fields in the past few years, particularly in stem cell-based regenerative medicine. Improving in vitro cell proliferation, differentiation and viability are ways where PBM could play a pivotal role optimizing biotechnological and bioengineering applications. Here we investigated whether different wavelengths (blue, green and red) would promote distinct outcomes in human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) cultured in regular and supplemented media for tenocyte differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Freshly isolated hADSCs were cultured in a specific stem cell medium (MSCGM, Lonza), DMEM or a tenogenic medium (TEN-M: DMEM supplemented with growth factors and ascorbic acid). Cells were irradiated every 48 h (23.28 mW/cm 2, 17 min 10 s delivering 24 J/cm 2 per session) using a LED irradiator (LEDbox, BioLambda). MTT and crystal violet assays were used to evaluate cell metabolic activity and proliferation. Red wavelength (660 nm) significantly increased metabolic activity after five irradiations, but only for cells cultured in TEN-M. Oppositely, blue (450 nm) and green (520 nm) light decreased both cell proliferation and metabolic rate, with more pronounced effects for blue light in TEN-M. Considering these findings, we examined whether irradiating only the media would generate toxic compounds that could impair cell viability. We therefore assessed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by p-nitrosodimethylaniline/ histidine assay while irradiating the three different media under the same conditions as mentioned above. Immediately after blue and green light exposure, an increment in ROS production was observed for DMEM and TEN-M, that continuously increased until reaching between 4.5 and 7.1 μM one-hour after irradiation – with higher values for TEN-M exposed to blue light. Since no significant ROS formation was observed following red light exposure, we concluded that medium composition was responsible for the different effects on metabolic activity and proliferation observed after irradiation with different wavelengths.

    Palavras-Chave: photosensitivity; stem cells; oxidation

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  • IPEN-DOC 28582

    RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Light-based non-thermal therapy: from basis to clinical applications. In: CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR PURE APPLIED BIOPHYSICS, 20th; ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 50th; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICS SOCIETY, 45th; BRAZILIAN SOCIETY ON NUCLEAR BIOSCIENCES CONGRESS, 13th, October 4-8, 2021, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (SBBq), 2021. p. 39-39.

    Abstract: Light-based non-thermal therapies are evolving as promising non-invasive and cost-effective medical technologies. These therapeutic platforms mainly encompass photobiomodulation (PBM) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), which use visible or near infrared (NIR) light to induce biological responses without any significant heating effects. For PBM, it is most commonly used red or NIR light to optimize light penetration into biological tissues. The photon absorption by natural chromophores at these spectral regions cause photophysical and photochemical reactions inside cells that trigger several biological effects such as to accelerate wound healing, reduce inflammation and relief pain, depending on light parameters and target tissue. On the other hand, PDT makes use of photoactivated drugs, also called as photosensitizers, which absorb light to induce chemical reactions that kill microbial or cancer cells by oxidative stress. Our group have been investigating the mechanisms and several applications of PBM and antimicrobial PDT (APDT) for almost 20 years. In this lecture I will share our experience in the area to discuss how PBM and APDT could be used to revolutionize health care in the photonics era. An integrated perspective from the basic mechanisms, preclinical and clinical trials for both therapies will be presented, including PBM on cancer management and APDT against drug-resistant pathogens. The lecture will also highlight future perspectives.

    Palavras-Chave: antimicrobial agents; photodynamic therapy; therapy; modulation

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  • IPEN-DOC 28581

    CARDOSO, ELIZABETH C.L. ; SCAGLIUSI, SANDRA R. ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Introduction to foamability study of a LDPE subjected to gamma radiation. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE POLÍMEROS, 16., 24-28 de outubro, 2021, Ouro Preto, MG. Anais... São Carlos, SP: Aptor Software, 2021. p. 1540-1543.

    Abstract: Nowadays, polymer foams have a wide application area due to their light weight, emphasizing resistance to impact, high thermal insulation and damping properties, among others. So, automotive, packing industry, electronic, aerospace, building construction, bedding and even medical applications are some of the fields where polymer foams are been applied. Foams can be classified as open and closed: Closed-cell foam is provided with tiny and discrete pockets of gas, each one totally enclosed within polymer walls; open cell foam has tiny cells which are not completely closed. In this work, LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) resin foamability was investigated after exposure to ionizing radiation (gamma), at 5, 10 and 15 kGy. Characterizations included: Melt Flow Index, Melt Strength and Scanning Electron Microscopy.

    Palavras-Chave: polyethylenes; density; gamma radiation; foams; melting

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  • IPEN-DOC 28580

    SCAGLIUSI, SANDRA R.; CARDOSO, ELIZABETH L.C. ; ESPER, FABIO J.; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. ; WIEBECK, HELIO. Study of mechanical and chemical properties stability of inner tubes exposed to gamma radiation. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE POLÍMEROS, 16., 24-28 de outubro, 2021, Ouro Preto, MG. Anais... São Carlos, SP: Aptor Software, 2021. p. 1535-1539.

    Abstract: Nowadays, car tires are not provided with inner air or tubeless, pointing toward a technical evolution. Nevertheless, trucks tires even use at present inner tires, composed almost fully by a synthetic material, which ensures either a good potential for air constraint or longer periods for inspection of tires pressure. Inner tire is located inside the tire, which does not have any extra sealing in the wheel to withstand compressed air. It is designed to resist to expansion of these elements, inside common tires. This rubbery and vulcanized coating has chemical and physical characteristics which enable it to bear a very high air pressurization, avoiding leakages while protects tire outer frame. Inner tires models are exposed to higher temperatures and pressures that contribute to accelerate abrasion. This work aims to the study of mechanical properties changes of an inner tire used in trucks, after gamma rays exposure, in order to promote further material recycling. Ionizing radiation choice was due to its capacity to modify materials structure and properties besides its applicability for rubbers recycling/recovery. For samples characterization, non-irradiated and irradiated at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 kGy, there were accomplished following tests: tensile and elongation at break, hardness, and thermal ageing and CHN elementary analysis. It was observed a decrease in mechanical properties for irradiated samples at doses higher than 20 kGy.

    Palavras-Chave: chemical properties; cobalt 60; dose rates; gamma radiation; irradiation; mechanical properties; radiation dose units; rubbers; tires; trucks; vulcanization

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  • IPEN-DOC 28579

    VECCHIA, MARIA E.K.D. ; ZAINE, MARIANA A. ; KOMATSU, LUIZ G.H. ; DIPOLD, JESSICA ; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. ; WETTER, NIKLAUS ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. . Study of the incorporation of TiO2/Ag nanoparticles in polyamide by casting method aiming for biocide application. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE POLÍMEROS, 16., 24-28 de outubro, 2021, Ouro Preto, MG. Anais... São Carlos, SP: Aptor Software, 2021. p. 789-793.

    Abstract: This study consists in the characterization of polyamide (PA6) films charged with different concentrations of silver nanoparticles deposited in titanium dioxide (TiO2) carrier. The silver nanoparticles were synthesized according to the method adapted from Turkevich using a titanium dioxide carrier and inserted, by suspension, in a polyamide solution. The preparation of PA: AgNp films was performed by the casting method by the dissolution of PA pellets in formic acid. The analysis and characterization of the films by the XRD, DSC, TGA and Raman confocal techniques indicated incorporation of nanoparticles into the polymers, a second thermogravimetric decomposition event as the concentration of AgNp-TiO2 increased and there was no significant change in crystallinity.

    Palavras-Chave: nanoparticles; polyamides; nanostructures; silver; titanium oxides

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  • IPEN-DOC 28578

    FREIRE, LUCIANO O. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de . Some facts about nuclear forces and evidence of their range being longer than people believe. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER NUCLEAR SCIENCE, 23rd, June 9-11, 2021, Online. Abstract... 2021.

    Abstract: Nuclear forces are believed to have ranges around 2 fermi and beyond that range, only electrostatic force is relevant. Before trying to make theories about the phenomena of nuclear reactions observed in solids, it is important to revise critically the existing experimental literature and nuclear theory to check if current models are coherent and if they could explain the observed phenomena. The first step is to check the current nuclear models, the second is to analyse the neutron cross-section data, the third is to discuss coherence between empirical data and models, the fourth is to identify the order of magnitude of nuclear forces range, the fifth is to revise the full height of Coulomb barrier. It was found one isotope (Gadolinium-157) that can attract a thermal neutron at least at 2781 fermi and repulses neutrons at 179 Fermi. It was also found that the plane projection of volumes where neutrons are directly captured is distinct of the projection of the volume where neutrons are scattered for most isotopes. But Kryptonium, Ruthenium, Xenonium, Iridium, and Mercury elements seem having their scattering volumes covered by the absorption volumes, or not having a scattering volume at all. Ca-44, Ca-48, Ni-64, Se-74, Te-123, Dy-162, Hf-177 and W-186 isotopes seem having a partial screening of their scattering volume by the absorption volume. Resonance capture volumes seem to be independent of direct capture volumes and have interface with scattering volume. Three facts suggest absorption volumes are consequence of nucleons arrangement, assuming an FCC nucleus model. The first is that a single additional neutron may change the order of magnitude of absorption radius (like He-3 to He-4). Second, excited states also change absorption cross-sections, like Na-23 whose first excited state increases absorption cross-section and Cl-37 whose first excited state decreases absorption cross-section. Third, neutron capture resonance depends on existence of an excited state of the compound nucleus (target nucleus plus the neutron) with energy larger than this neutron binding energy. In other words, to have a resonance, the target nucleus needs to have two places available for a neutron, and the energetic distance between them needs to be larger than a minimum (the very neutron binding energy). Compared to Coulomb forces, the nuclear forces attracting neutrons are weak, about 6 orders of magnitude smaller than electrostatic repulsion at mean thermal neutron capture radius.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear forces; nuclear reactions; capture; resonance

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  • IPEN-DOC 28577

    FREIRE, LUCIANO O. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de . A survey on the evolution of yearly works on Pd-D, Ti-D and Ni-H systems within cold fusion field. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER NUCLEAR SCIENCE, 23rd, June 9-11, 2021, Online. Abstract... 2021.

    Abstract: More than 30 years have been passed since Stanley and Pons press conference announcing the discovery of “Cold Fusion”. This work aims at presenting a general view of the evolution of experimental works in the various sub-fields, like Pd-D, Ti-D, Ni-H systems. For each subfield, this work presents the yearly number of successful and unsuccessful works published in conferences or journals. For Pd-D systems, since 1989, the number of positive results (finding some nuclear reactions) is superior to negative results but there is a trend of reduction of yearly works. Ti-D systems follow the same tendency. Ni-H systems, on the other hand, present a rising tendency besides having a higher ratio of successful/unsuccessful experiments. Perhaps the smaller cost of materials and easier replication is being decisive for new research groups starting in the field, besides enterprises starting advertisement of products based on the Ni-H system.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear reactions; cold fusion

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  • IPEN-DOC 28576

    FREIRE, LUCIANO O. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de . A hypothesis of kinetics and dynamic control of nuclear reactions in solids. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER NUCLEAR SCIENCE, 23rd, June 9-11, 2021, Online. Abstract... 2021.

    Abstract: Several authors suggested that background noise could influence nuclear reactions in solids, resulting in neutrons or excess heat. Literature shows that repeatability is improving, but the control over the intensity remains out of reach. This work aims at identifying possible causes for intensity variations and proposing solutions to improve controllability. The first step is to search in literature the characteristics of nuclear reactions in solids: input, output, controlling factors and enabling means. The second step is, from solid experimental facts, draw solid conclusions. The third step is developing some assumptions about the phenomenon. For each controlling factor, verify the feasibility of implementation in a heat exchanger with high surface over volume ratio. Finally, present some alternatives of architectures to improve reactions intensity control. A solid conclusion is hot spots come from aneutronic nuclear chain reactions, meaning each energetic charged particle causes the appearance of more than one new charged particle (effective multiplication factor keff>1). Another conclusion is background neutron radiation starts chain reactions and it causes excess heat intensity variations. An assumption is a local keff>1 causes micro explosions terminating the localized reactions because heat propagates faster than the particle population, resulting in low average keff. Therefore, nanoparticles or working temperatures near melting point reduce local keff allowing slow enhancement of particle population up to a level proportional to the background neutrons. A suggestion is to shield the reactors using moderators with neutron absorbers to avoid undesirable power excursions and add a voltage-controlled neutron source to control the excess heat because of the penetrating nature of neutron radiation. Magnetic or electric fields could also help the enhancement of excess heat.

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  • IPEN-DOC 28575

    MELO, PEDRO B. dos S.; CARDOSO, ELBIS S.; SAMAD, RICARDO E. ; MOTTA, CLAUDIO C.. Theoretical analysis of the influence of Photodarkening on the gain of a YDCFL. In: SBMO/IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE AND OPTOELECTRONICS CONFERENCE, October 24-27, 2021, Fortaleza, CE. Proceedings... Danvers, MA, USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), 2021. DOI: 10.1109/IMOC53012.2021.9624806

    Abstract: An analytical formulation was developed to study the influence of the Photodarkening (PD) on the gain behavior of a ytterbium doped double-clad fiber laser (YDCFL). To formalize the modeling, the fundamental equations that describe the continuous wave laser in the steady state tandem pumping regime were employed. It was possible to observe the dependence of the YDCFL signal gain with temperature, absorption and emission cross sections, and with the higher level population density. Since the gain is related to these laser parameters, it may change significantly with increasing temperature in the fiber due to the PD effect.

    Palavras-Chave: doped materials; ytterbium ions; optical fibers; gain

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A pesquisa no RD utiliza os recursos de busca da maioria das bases de dados. No entanto algumas dicas podem auxiliar para obter um resultado mais pertinente.

✔ É possível efetuar a busca de um autor ou um termo em todo o RD, por meio do Buscar no Repositório , isto é, o termo solicitado será localizado em qualquer campo do RD. No entanto esse tipo de pesquisa não é recomendada a não ser que se deseje um resultado amplo e generalizado.

✔ A pesquisa apresentará melhor resultado selecionando um dos filtros disponíveis em Navegar

✔ Os filtros disponíveis em Navegar tais como: Coleções, Ano de publicação, Títulos, Assuntos, Autores, Revista, Tipo de publicação são autoexplicativos. O filtro, Autores IPEN apresenta uma relação com os autores vinculados ao IPEN; o ID Autor IPEN diz respeito ao número único de identificação de cada autor constante no RD e sob o qual estão agrupados todos os seus trabalhos independente das variáveis do seu nome; Tipo de acesso diz respeito à acessibilidade do documento, isto é , sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, ID RT apresenta a relação dos relatórios técnicos, restritos para consulta das comunidades indicadas.

A opção Busca avançada utiliza os conectores da lógica boleana, é o melhor recurso para combinar chaves de busca e obter documentos relevantes à sua pesquisa, utilize os filtros apresentados na caixa de seleção para refinar o resultado de busca. Pode-se adicionar vários filtros a uma mesma busca.

Exemplo:

Buscar os artigos apresentados em um evento internacional de 2015, sobre loss of coolant, do autor Maprelian.

Autor: Maprelian

Título: loss of coolant

Tipo de publicação: Texto completo de evento

Ano de publicação: 2015

✔ Para indexação dos documentos é utilizado o Thesaurus do INIS, especializado na área nuclear e utilizado em todos os países membros da International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA , por esse motivo, utilize os termos de busca de assunto em inglês; isto não exclui a busca livre por palavras, apenas o resultado pode não ser tão relevante ou pertinente.

✔ 95% do RD apresenta o texto completo do documento com livre acesso, para aqueles que apresentam o significa que e o documento está sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, solicita-se nesses casos contatar a Biblioteca do IPEN, bibl@ipen.br .

✔ Ao efetuar a busca por um autor o RD apresentará uma relação de todos os trabalhos depositados no RD. No lado direito da tela são apresentados os coautores com o número de trabalhos produzidos em conjunto bem como os assuntos abordados e os respectivos anos de publicação agrupados.

✔ O RD disponibiliza um quadro estatístico de produtividade, onde é possível visualizar o número dos trabalhos agrupados por tipo de coleção, a medida que estão sendo depositados no RD.

✔ Na página inicial nas referências são sinalizados todos os autores IPEN, ao clicar nesse símbolo será aberta uma nova página correspondente à aquele autor – trata-se da página do pesquisador.

✔ Na página do pesquisador, é possível verificar, as variações do nome, a relação de todos os trabalhos com texto completo bem como um quadro resumo numérico; há links para o Currículo Lattes e o Google Acadêmico ( quando esse for informado).

ATENÇÃO!

ESTE TEXTO "AJUDA" ESTÁ SUJEITO A ATUALIZAÇÕES CONSTANTES, A MEDIDA QUE NOVAS FUNCIONALIDADES E RECURSOS DE BUSCA FOREM SENDO DESENVOLVIDOS PELAS EQUIPES DA BIBLIOTECA E DA INFORMÁTICA.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

1. Portaria IPEN-CNEN/SP nº 387, que estabeleceu os princípios que nortearam a criação do RDI, clique aqui.


2. A experiência do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) na criação de um Repositório Digital Institucional – RDI, clique aqui.

O Repositório Digital do IPEN é um equipamento institucional de acesso aberto, criado com o objetivo de reunir, preservar, disponibilizar e conferir maior visibilidade à Produção Científica publicada pelo Instituto, desde sua criação em 1956.

Operando, inicialmente como uma base de dados referencial o Repositório foi disponibilizado na atual plataforma, em junho de 2015. No Repositório está disponível o acesso ao conteúdo digital de artigos de periódicos, eventos, nacionais e internacionais, livros, capítulos, dissertações, teses e relatórios técnicos.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.