Reposiório IPEN: Recent submissions

  • IPEN-DOC 26549

    BAPTISTA, A.; NUNEZ, S.C.; MARTIN, A.A.; RIBEIRO, M.S. . Targets of photodyamic inactivation in fungal cells. In: HASAN, TAYYABA (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL PHOTODYNAMIC ASSOCIATION WORLD CONGRESS, 17th, June 28 - July 4, 2019, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Proceedings... Bellingham, WA, USA: SPIE, 2019. p. 11070BY-1 - 11070BY-6. (Proceedings SPIE 11070). DOI: 10.1117/12.2537128

    Abstract: Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has been reported to be effective to eradicate a wide variety of pathogens, including antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. However, there are conflicting reports in the literature about the effect of growth phase on the susceptibility to PDI. The aim of this study was to identify the potential molecular targets of PDI on Candida albicans in exponential growth phase after PDI mediated by methylene blue (50μM) and exposure to a 660nm-LED (P=360mW). For this task, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques were employed. Pre-irradiation time was set at 10min and exposure time was 15 min delivering a radiant exposure of 162 J/cm2 on a 24-well plate of about 2 cm2. Morphological analysis revealed cell damage after PDI. FT-IR predominantly showed degradation of functional groups related to C-O of deoxyribose; C-C of DNA; C-O stretching vibration of C-OH group of ribose-RNA; P-O stretching modes from the phosphodiester groups of nucleic acids; C=C, C=N, C=O, N=H proteins and amides. Previous studies from our group had demonstrated different targets on the same cells but in stationary growth phase. Therefore, we can conclude that PDI promoted damage to intracellular structures in fungal cells at exponential-phase growth and information on the susceptibility of different growth phases to PDI can be of great importance for the development of treatment strategies that would lead to inactivation of fungal cells in all possible phases of growth in a way that would turn the clinical PDI treatment effective and predictable.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26536

    RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; SABINO, CAETANO P.; NUNEZ, SILVIA C.. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: from basis to clinical applications. In: HASAN, TAYYABA (Ed.) INTERNATIONAL PHOTODYNAMIC ASSOCIATION WORLD CONGRESS, 17th, June 28 - July 4, 2019, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Proceedings... Bellingham, WA, USA: SPIE, 2019. p. 1107048-1 - 1107048-9. (Proceedings SPIE 11070). DOI: 10.1117/12.2527918

    Abstract: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) combines the use of light with a photosensitizer (PS) and oxygen to kill microbial cells. Even though this technique was first reported in the beginning of the 20th century, APDT never took off as antimicrobial chemotherapy did. However, microbial resistance to chemotherapy is currently expanding in faster rates than drug discovery. Therefore, introduction of therapeutic alternatives that bypass mechanisms of drug resistance now presents an urgent status. Fortunately, the scientific and technological development related to APDT made it far more feasible for mainstream clinical applications. Our research group has been working on mechanisms and applications of APDT for almost 20 years. We have already reported that successful APDT results depend on a number of factors, such as PS and light parameters, cell type, and oxygen abundance, among others. We have also demonstrated that APDT is an effective adjuvant in endodontics and periodontics and can be a non-invasive treatment for caries, candidiasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis. In Veterinary Medicine, we have reported effective treatment for penguin pododermatitis, snake stomatitis and dog otitis. This presentation will give an integrated perspective from the basic APDT mechanisms, preclinical and clinical trials to protocol optimization and future perspectives.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26752

    ARQUINTO, JULIANA ; SILVA, LEONARDO G. de A. e ; ESPER, FABIO J.; ZACHARIAS, JANICE M.; FILHO, MARCOS M.O.. Produção de bioplastico utilizando amido da semente de jaca (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) / Bioplastic production using jackfruit seed starch (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam). In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE POLÍMEROS, 15., 27-31 de outubro, 2019, Bento Gonçalves-RS. Anais... São Carlos, SP: Associação Brasileira de Polímeros, 2019. p. 1627-1632.

    Abstract: A intensão deste projeto é apresentar um estudo sobre a influência da palha de milho na propriedade de resistência a tração até ruptura de formulações de bioplástico tendo como base o amido extraído da semente da jaca juntamente com a utilização da glicerina e da trietaloamina como agentes plastificantes. Este bioplástico é um material que em relação ao plástico oriundo dos derivados de petróleo, denota um menor grau de impacto ao meio ambiente após seu descarte. Para isto, o trabalho consistiu inicialmente da extração do amido da semente, com posterior caracterização por FTIR e análise quantitativa do teor de amido no produto extraído. A etapa posterior consistiu da produção das amostras de bioplástico utilizando os agentes plastificantes em uma concentração fixa e variando-se a quantidade de palha de milho na formulação. Por fim, as amostras de bioplástico obtidas foram submetidas ao teste de tração até ruptura para análise de resistência do filme.

    Palavras-Chave: plastics; fruits; composite materials; seeds; starch; maize

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  • IPEN-DOC 26751

    ORTIZ, N. ; MAICHIN, F. ; MACEDO, M.V. . Using microstructured yeast as biotemplate for TiO2 deposition applied on amoxicillin solar photodecomposition. In: IWA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER RECLAMATION AND REUSE, 12th, June 16-20, 2019, Berlin, Germany. Resumo expandido... 2019.

    Abstract: The indication of amoxicillin (AMOX) is the most frequent by the public health assistance in Brazil. After the body metabolization, the antibiotic is discharged by excretes in the sewage system; also acting as secondary pollution sources for surface water resources. The microstructured yeast culture (biotemplate) enhances the TiO2 surface area before the amoxicillin solar photodecomposition. The maximum removal percentage was 56% of AMOX with pseudo-second-order kinetics. The use of the low-frequency ultrasonic source in the TiO2 slurry dispersion after the yeast culture enhanced the TiO2 surface area and its effectiveness during the antibiotics solar photodecomposition.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26750

    ORTIZ, N. ; NICOLAU, T.S. ; SOUZA, J.P. ; SILVA, A.. Ultrasonic TiO2 solar photodecomposition and biocarbon sorption processes to remove amoxicillin and cephalexin from binary systems. In: IWA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER RECLAMATION AND REUSE, 12th, June 16-20, 2019, Berlin, Germany. Resumo expandido... 2019.

    Abstract: The cephalexin (CEPH) and amoxicillin (AMOX) antibiotics are the most indicated in the medical prescriptions in Brazil, as the antibiotics used for public health assistance and also for veterinary medicine. Nowadays Brazil is a higher protein animal producer in the world. After the metabolization, the antibiotics discharge in the sewage system and manure composition on rural areas; act as secondary pollution sources for surface water resources. The integrated processes applying the ultrasonic source before the solar photodecomposition and biosorption showed the maximum removal percentage of 91.47% for AMOX and 90.62% for CEPH. Considering the binary systems with the 17:83 proportion percentages of AMOX and CEPH the removal percentage was 89.15% and 97.90% respectively. The use of low-frequency ultrasonic waves before the solar photodecomposition increased the TiO2 surface area and effectiveness and enhanced the removal efficiency for both cephalexin and amoxicillin alone and in binary mixtures.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26749

    VILLANI, D. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; CAMPOS, L.L. . Study on electronic equilibrium of 137Cs gamma radiation for 3D printed phantoms using OSL dosimetry. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA, 10.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA ELÉTRICA, 13.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA MECÂNICA, 5.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES IONIZANTES, 6.; WORKSHOP DA REDE DE METROLOGIA QUÍMICA DO INMETRO, 4.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA ÓPTICA, 3., 24-27 de novembro, 2019, Florianópolis, SC. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Metrologia, 2019.

    Abstract: With the popularization of 3D printing technologies, it is now possible to develop patient specific simulators and various other accessories using this technology in medical physics and dosimetry. This work aims to evaluate the electronic equilibrium of 3D printed phantoms using PLA and ABS filaments compared to PMMA for 137Cs gamma rays using OSL dosimetry. A Landauer microStar ii commercial OSL system were commissioned and it was used nanoDot dosimeters. Phantom plates with 2.5, 3.0 and 5.0 mm thickness were used to obtain electronic equilibrium for 137Cs gamma rays. Measurements were compared with PMMA measurements at standard conditions. Results show that measurements with ABS and PLA thicknesses of 2.5 and 3.0 mm presents dosimetry results within irradiation uncertainty. More accuracy is obtained using 3.0 mm for both PLA and ABS phantoms, with differences in less than 0.5%. It can be concluded that PLA and ABS 3D phantom plates has similar properties of PMMA for 137Cs gamma rays dosimetry and can be used for developing dosimetry accessories for this energy photon beam.

    Palavras-Chave: phantoms; 3d printing; gamma radiation; photoluminescence; dosimetry

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  • IPEN-DOC 26748

    ASSEMANY, L.P.F. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. . Reuse of 3D printed materials for dosimetry purposes. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA, 10.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA ELÉTRICA, 13.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA MECÂNICA, 5.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES IONIZANTES, 6.; WORKSHOP DA REDE DE METROLOGIA QUÍMICA DO INMETRO, 4.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA ÓPTICA, 3., 24-27 de novembro, 2019, Florianópolis, SC. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Metrologia, 2019.

    Abstract: 3D printing technology has been a great ally of the medical industry due to it allows the obtaining of anatomical structures such as custom prostheses, implants and surgery planning simulators for the most several applications. There are in the market, several types of filaments used for 3D printing, being the most used thermoplastics Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polylactic Acid (PLA). Within the modeling and printing process, tests are made with different printing parameters and often part of the test material is discarded. The objective of this work was to study a methodology for recycling discarded materials printed in 3D printer for use in characterization studies for dosimetry purposes.

    Palavras-Chave: anatomy; dosimetry; medicine; polymers; recycling; screen printing; technology utilization

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  • IPEN-DOC 26747

    SILVA, E. ; SANTOS, L.R. ; ASSEMANY, L.P.F. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. . Evaluation of the behavior of a 180cc ionization chamber under different environmental conditions. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA, 10.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA ELÉTRICA, 13.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA MECÂNICA, 5.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES IONIZANTES, 6.; WORKSHOP DA REDE DE METROLOGIA QUÍMICA DO INMETRO, 4.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA ÓPTICA, 3., 24-27 de novembro, 2019, Florianópolis, SC. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Metrologia, 2019.

    Abstract: The use of ionizing radiation for medical purposes has been a major advance for society due to the numerous possibilities of use for the treatment and diagnosis of diseases. On the other hand, knowledge about the damage caused by the biological effects of ionizing radiation requires continuous improvement of diagnostic radiology quality control. Radiation detector equipment is used to measure radiation levels emitted from natural or artificial sources. For convenience and accuracy, among the most widely used detectors are ionization chambers. Especially outdoors, weather factors can affect the behavior of these detectors at the time of measurement, but Brazilian law recommends only calibrating these measuring instruments in a traceable laboratory every two years to ensure their reliability. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of an ionization chamber used in radioprotection measurements in diagnostic radiology equipment, considering climatic variations in different regions of Brazil. For this, a system was developed to simulate the environmental conditions found for the temperature and humidity parameters at the moment of the clinical measurements, allowing to estimate the influence of these factors on the obtained values.

    Palavras-Chave: ionization chambers; nuclear medicine; performance testing; quality control; radiation metrology; radiation protection; radiology

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  • IPEN-DOC 26746

    ALMEIDA, J.S. ; VILLANI, D. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. ; WILLEGAIGON, J.. Dosimetric characterization of 3D printed for 137Cs gamma rays. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA, 10.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA ELÉTRICA, 13.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA MECÂNICA, 5.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES IONIZANTES, 6.; WORKSHOP DA REDE DE METROLOGIA QUÍMICA DO INMETRO, 4.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA ÓPTICA, 3., 24-27 de novembro, 2019, Florianópolis, SC. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Metrologia, 2019.

    Abstract: The aim this paper is characterize materials for 3D printed with different infill percentages for 137Cs gamma rays. The RAISE 3D PRO2 printer was used to print PLA and ABS plates. Using a 137Cs source, the attenuation coefficient was obtained by the transmission method and results compared with PMMA. The readings were performed by a Radcal ionization chamber, model 10X6-6. The results of attenuation coefficients show that the PLA filament demonstrated a equivalent behavior to PMMA. The PLA plates exhibits an increase in radiation transmission when reduces the infilling, and ABS printing achieved same results for all infills.

    Palavras-Chave: 3d printing; computer-aided fabrication; gamma radiation; cesium 137; phantoms

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  • IPEN-DOC 26745

    MARTINS, E.W. ; KUAHARA, L.T. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. . Development of an "in situ" calibration methodology to activity meters. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA, 10.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA ELÉTRICA, 13.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA MECÂNICA, 5.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES IONIZANTES, 6.; WORKSHOP DA REDE DE METROLOGIA QUÍMICA DO INMETRO, 4.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA ÓPTICA, 3., 24-27 de novembro, 2019, Florianópolis, SC. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Metrologia, 2019.

    Abstract: The performance of a safety and efficient practice of a nuclear medicine service depends, among other factors, on a complete quality control program, especially in the case of the radionuclide activity measuring instrument, the activimeter. Several factors may influence the accuracy of the measurements performed with an activimeter, and the largest sources of errors are related to the types of containers that contain radiopharmaceuticals (eg, thickness, size and volume). A complete quality control program should include the calibration of all measurement instruments used in the procedure. However, in Brazil, the actual standard that establishes the requirements of radiological protection for nuclear medicine services (NMS), does not include the calibration of the activimeter. Considering that these instruments, for various reasons, are difficult to remove for sending to a Calibration Service, the purpose of this work is to develop a methodology for activimeter calibration that can be applied "in situ" to the most used radiopharmaceutical, 99mTc.

    Palavras-Chave: activity meters; calibration; legislation; quality control; radiation protection; technetium 99

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  • IPEN-DOC 26744

    VILLANI, D. ; SAVI, M. ; ANDRADE, M.A.B.; CAMPOS, L.L. ; POTIENS, M.P.A. . Characterization of ABS + W and ABS + Bi 3D printing filaments attenuation for different photon beams. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA, 10.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA ELÉTRICA, 13.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA MECÂNICA, 5.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES IONIZANTES, 6.; WORKSHOP DA REDE DE METROLOGIA QUÍMICA DO INMETRO, 4.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA ÓPTICA, 3., 24-27 de novembro, 2019, Florianópolis, SC. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Metrologia, 2019.

    Abstract: 3D printing techniques and materials have become widely available in the last couple of decades and remains a hot topic of study as new materials can lead to new applications. This study aims to evaluate the attenuation behaviour of GMASS over photon beams ranging from 29.7 up to 661.7keV, comparing with pure ABS and using theoretical data of pure lead as reference. It was used the transmission method to obtain experimental attenuation coefficients to all materials and theoretical data. HVL and TVL calculations were also performed. Results show that ABS+W has higher attenuation than ABS+Bi and pure ABS. Using the lead theoretical reference data it can be concluded that although ABS+Bi and ABS+W attenuates less than pure lead, the 3D printing filaments can be used to create shielding tolls depending on radiation energy and application.

    Palavras-Chave: attenuation; cesium 137; dosimetry; energy dependence; filaments; photon beams; polymers; radiations; shielding

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  • IPEN-DOC 26743

    BUENO, LETICIA K. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, ORLANDO ; POTIENS, MARIA da P.A. . Avaliação da atenuação de invólucros produzidos em impressora 3D para medidas com calibrador de dose. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA, 10.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA ELÉTRICA, 13.; CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE METROLOGIA MECÂNICA, 5.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA DAS RADIAÇÕES IONIZANTES, 6.; WORKSHOP DA REDE DE METROLOGIA QUÍMICA DO INMETRO, 4.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE METROLOGIA ÓPTICA, 3., 24-27 de novembro, 2019, Florianópolis, SC. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Metrologia, 2019.

    Abstract: Devido ao aumento de procedimentos realizados nos Serviços de Medicina Nuclear (SMN) tornou-se cada vez mais inevitável a preocupação com o perfeito funcionamento dos calibradores de dose utilizados diariamente. Ainda assim, a prática segura, eficiente e eficaz do uso do equipamento envolve a integração de vários processos. O objetivo deste trabalho é o projeto e desenvolvimento de novos invólucros por meio da prototipação utilizando uma impressora 3D. Os materiais escolhidos foram o PLA e o ABS. Foram realizados testes de precisão e exatidão variando os parâmetros de impressão e as dimensões do invólucro. Os resultados mostraram que é possível customizar os invólucros melhorando os resultados e reduzindo as incertezas no controle de qualidade desses equipamentos.

    Palavras-Chave: calibration; computer-aided design; dosimetry; nuclear medicine; packaging; radiation doses; radioisotopes

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  • IPEN-DOC 26742

    CAPPUZZELLO, F.; AGODI, C.; ACOSTA, L.; AMADOR-VALENZUELA, P.; AUERBACH, N.; BAREA, J.; BELLONE, J.I.; BELMONT, D.; BIJKER, R.; BONANNO, D.; BORELLO-LEWIN, T.; BOZTOSUN, I.; BRANCHINA, V.; BRASOLIN, S.; BRISCHETTO, G.; BRUNASSO, O.; BURRELLO, S.; CALABRESE, S.; CALABRETTA, L.; CALVO, D.; CAPIROSSI, V.; CARBONE, D.; CAVALLARO, M.; CHEN, R.; CIRALDO, I.; CHAVEZ LOMELI, E.R.; COLONNA, M.; D’AGOSTINO, G.; DJAPO, H.; DE GERONIMO, G.; DELAUNAY, F.; DESHMUKH, N.; FARIA, P.N. de; ESPEJEL, R.; FERRARESI, C.; FERREIRA, J.L.; FERRETTI, J.; FINOCCHIARO, P.; FIRAT, S.; FISICHELLA, M.; FLORES, A.; FOTI, A.; GALLO, G.; GARCIA-TECOCOATZI, H.; GONGORA, B.; HACISALIHOGLU, A.; HAZAR, S.; HUERTA, A.; KOTILA, J.; KUCUK, Y.; IAZZI, F.; LANZALONE, G.; LA VIA, F.; LAY, J. A.; LENSKE, H.; LINARES, R.; LONGHITANO, F.; LO PRESTI, D.; LUBIAN, J.; MA, J.; MARIN-LAMBARRI, D.; MARTINEZ, S.; MAS, J.; MEDINA, N.H.; MENDES, D.R.; MEREU, P.; MORALLES, M. ; OLIVEIRA, J.R.B.; ORDONEZ, C.; PAKOU, A.; PANDOLA, L.; PETRASCU, H.; PIETRALLA, N.; PINNA, F.; REITO, S.; REZA, G.; RIES, P.; RIFUGGIATO, D.; RODRIGUES, M.R.D.; RUSSO, A.D.; RUSSO, G.; SANDOVAL, S.; SANTOPINTO, E.; SANTOS, R.B.B.; SGOUROS, O.; SILVEIRA, M.A.G. da; SOLAKCI, S.O.; SOULIOTIS, G.; SOUKERAS, V.; SPATAFORA, A.; TORRESI, D.; TUDISCO, S.; VSEVOLODOVNA, R.I.M.; VARGAS, H.; VEGA, G.; WANG, J.S.; WERNER, V.; YANG, Y.Y.; YILDIRIN, A.; ZAGATTO, V.A.B.. The NUMEN Project @ LNS: status and perspectives. Il Nuovo Cimento C, v. 42, n. 2-3, p. 1-7, 2019. DOI: 10.1393/ncc/i2019-19057-2

    Abstract: The NUMEN project aims at accessing experimentally driven information on Nuclear Matrix Elements (NME) involved in the half-life of the neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ), by high-accuracy measurements of the cross sections of Heavy Ion (HI) induced Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reactions. Particular attention is given to the (18O,18Ne) and (20Ne,20O) reactions as tools for β+β+ and β − β − decays, respectively. First evidence about the possibility to get quantitative information about NME from experiments is found for both kind of reactions. In the experiments, performed at INFN - Laboratory Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania, the beams are accelerated by the Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) and the reaction products are detected by the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer. The measured cross sections are challengingly low, limiting the present exploration to few selected isotopes of interest in the context of typically low-yield experimental runs. A major upgrade of the LNS facility is foreseen in order to increase the experimental yield of at least two orders of magnitude, thus making feasible a systematic study of all the cases of interest. Frontiers technologies are going to be developed, to this purpose, for the accelerator and the detection systems. In parallel, advanced theoretical models will be developed in order to extract the nuclear structure information from the measured cross sections.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear matrix; double beta decay; superconducting cyclotrons; desulfurization; neutron detectors; spectrometers; isotopes; magnetic spectrometers; detection

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  • IPEN-DOC 26741

    LINO, JULIANA dos S. ; AQUINO, AFONSO R. de . Index of contaminated areas in São Paulo city, Brazil. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, v. 238, p. 199-208, 2019. DOI: 10.2495/SC190181

    Abstract: Environment contamination is a problem that most countries need to deal with in fields such as urban planning, public health, and availability of natural resources. Contaminated land, inside this topic, is a critical issue to discuss in the metropolis. Old areas have housed industrial activities, gas stations, and irregular waste disposal, can have the presence of toxic substances in the soil, underground, and in groundwater too, and this could lodge risk and a difficulty to change their land use and occupation, frequent in the dynamics of the societies. It is quite essential to create tools to handle this question, acknowledging the situation, and understanding how to achieve sustainable urban planning. Considering the existence of contaminated sites on the city and managing this, while The Sustainable Development Goals, as the Sustainable Cities and Communities, for instance, are applying. In this research, an index was developed of contaminated areas for the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The index was aimed to demonstrate in which districts are concentrated the contaminated sites and comprehend how the contamination it was spread at the city. The territorial unit used to divide the town was the district. The results indicated that the main contamination is concentrated near the downtown area and in older industrial districts. This data can be useful to define strategies on urban planning, because it can suggest which region is more indicated, or not, to receive different enterprises, around the city, like residential, commercial. Furthermore, the index can help to define what areas could need more specific environmental investigation and analysis to ensure the sustainability of the city and the citizens’ safety.

    Palavras-Chave: urban areas; environmental degradation; pollution; sustainable development; soils; water pollution; land pollution; land pollution control; directories; pollution regulations; public law; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 26740

    SUZUKI, M.F. ; OLIVEIRA, J.E. ; DAMIANI, R.; LIMA, E.R.; AMARAL, K.C. ; SILVA, F.M.; BARTOLINI, P. . Human bone morphogenetic protein (hBMP)-2 characterization by physical chemical, immunological and biological assays. Journal of Biotechnology, v. 305, S, p. S10-S10, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.05.050

    Abstract: Commercial preparations of human-met-BMP-2 (GenScript) and of CHO-derived hBMP-2 (Infuse-Medtronic) provided a complete characterization of this protein, which belongs to the “transforming growth factors β” superfamily, via SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, reversed-phase HPLC, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography and MALDI-TOF-MS. E.coli-derived met-hBMP-2 has shown a large presence of dimer (MM= 26,054 Da), versus a theoretic value of 26,072 Da. More complex was the distribution of the CHO-derived product, whose exact MM has never been reported due to variable glycosylation: via MALDI-TOF-MS a dimer (28,732 Da) and a large amount of monomer (14,377 Da) were found. A novel method based on RP-HPLC was also validated for hBMP-2 qualitative and quantitative analysis directly in ongoing culture media. The classical “in vitro” bioassay, via alkaline phosphatase induction in murine myoblastic cells C2C12, confirmed that hBMP-2 bioactivity is mostly related to the dimer, being ∼6-fold higher for the CHO-derived glycosylated form. Considering that hBMP-2 is a highly effective osteoinductors, plays an important role during bone regeneration and repair, as well as during embryonic development, and presents an extremely high aggregate value, we believe that these data pave the way to the characterization of this important factor when obtained by DNA recombinant techniques in different host cells.

    Palavras-Chave: proteins; skeleton; human populations; bone cells; cho cells; bioassay; escherichia coli; connective tissue cells

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  • IPEN-DOC 26739

    ENOKIHARA, C.T. ; SCHULTZ-GUTTLER, R.A.; RELA, P.R. . Gamma radiation of quartz from Entre Rios (SC) and Quaraí (RS). Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 7, n. 2A, p. 1-12, 2019. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v7i2A.634

    Abstract: The availability of gamma ray irradiators in Brazil increased the possibilities of the treatment of gemstones for color enhancement. One of the minerals with very high potential for these treatments is the quartz, a very widespread mineral with many colored commercial varieties. There is a specific variety of quartz in nature, showing a green color that may be produced artificially, by gamma radiation (60Co). In Brazil, the widely scattered geode occurrence from Quaraí, at Brazil southernmost location up to Uberlandia, in Minas Gerais, is one of these events. Quartz from these occurrences have been formed by strong hydrothermal activities. Hence, many quartz crystals showed a very fast growth occurrence, facilitating the formation of consequent defects and the uptake of water under the form of micro inclusions, molecular water, silanol (Si-OH) and OH. In the present work, the material analyzed is from hydrothermal regimes located near the towns Entre Rios and Quaraí. To characterize these materials, analyses have been made by ICP, NAA, electron microscopy, water loss techniques plus UV-VIS and NIR-FTIR spectroscopic measurements. Silanol complexes have been found by radiation, due to gamma rays forming the color center NBOHC (Non-Bonding Oxygen Hole Center), showing absorption between 590 to 620 nm and leaving a transmission window at about 550nm, responsible for the green color. The spectroscopic water determination showed less molecular water (up to 2300 ppm, per weight), probably due to remaining silanol complexes. The water content, with up to 3200 ppm by weight, exceeds the amount of charge balancing cations (Fe, Al, Li).

    Palavras-Chave: cobalt 60; electron microscopy; fourier transformation; gamma radiation; icp mass spectroscopy; infrared spectra; neutron activation analysis; quartz; scanning electron microscopy; ultraviolet radiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 26738

    GLICKER, HAYLEY S.; LAWLER, MICHAEL J.; ORTEGA, JOHN; SA, SUZANE S. de; MARTIN, SCOT T.; ARTAXO, PAULO; BUSTILLOS, OSCAR V. ; SOUZA, RODRIGO de; TOTA, JULIO; CARLTON, ANNMARIE; SMITH, JAMES N.. Chemical composition of ultrafine aerosol particles in central Amazonia during the wet season. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, v. 19, n. 20, p. 13053-13066, 2019. DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-13053-2019

    Abstract: Central Amazonia serves as an ideal location to study atmospheric particle formation, since it often represents nearly natural, pre-industrial conditions but can also experience periods of anthropogenic influence due to the presence of emissions from large metropolitan areas like Manaus, Brazil. Ultrafine (sub-100 nm diameter) particles are often observed in this region, although new particle formation events seldom occur near the ground despite being readily observed in other forested regions with similar emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study focuses on identifying the chemical composition of ultrafine particles as a means of determining the chemical species and mechanisms that may be responsible for new particle formation and growth in the region. These measurements were performed during the wet season as part of the Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/ 5) field campaign at a site located 70 km southwest of Manaus. A thermal desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometer (TDCIMS) characterized the most abundant compounds detected in ultrafine particles. Two time periods representing distinct influences on aerosol composition, which we label as “anthropogenic” and “background” periods, were studied as part of a larger 10 d period of analysis. Higher particle number concentrations were measured during the anthropogenic period, and modeled back-trajectory frequencies indicate transport of emissions from the Manaus metropolitan area. During the background period there were much lower number concentrations, and back-trajectory frequencies showed that air masses arrived at the site predominantly from the forested regions to the north and northeast. TDCIMS-measured constituents also show distinct differences between the two observational periods. Although bisulfate was detected in particles throughout the 10 d period, the anthropogenic period had higher levels of particulate bisulfate overall. Ammonium and trimethyl ammonium were positively correlated with bisulfate. The background period had distinct diurnal patterns of particulate cyanate and acetate, while oxalate remained relatively constant during the 10 d period. 3-Methylfuran, a thermal decomposition product of a particulate-phase isoprene epoxydiol (IEPOX), was the dominant species measured in the positive-ion mode. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the TDCIMS-measured ion abundance and aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) mass concentration data. Two different hierarchical clusters representing unique influences arise: one comprising ultrafine particulate acetate, hydrogen oxalate, cyanate, trimethyl ammonium and 3-methylfuran and another made up of ultrafine particulate bisulfate, chloride, ammonium and potassium. A third cluster separated AMS-measured species from the two TDCIMS-derived clusters, indicating different sources or processes in ultrafine aerosol particle formation compared to larger submicron-sized particles.

    Palavras-Chave: aerosols; atmospheric circulation; particles; amazon river; mass spectrometers; chemical composition; meteorology

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  • IPEN-DOC 26737

    MOREIRA, PRISCILA G. . Análise das propriedades termofísicas dos nanofluidos de AI2O3, TiO2 e ZrO2 em base aquosa visando aplicações em reatores nucleares / Analysis of thermo-physical properties of nanofluids of Al2O3, TiO2 and ZrO2 aqueous base for nuclear reactor applications . 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 188 p. Orientador: Marcelo da Silva Rocha. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-12032020-085344

    Abstract: Esta dissertação apresenta as propriedades termofísicas dos nanofluidos de Al2O3, TiO2 e ZrO2 de medições de bancada e também por comparações com literatura. Estudos existentes indicam que os nanofluidos mostram cerca de 50% de aumento na condutividade térmica em relação ao fluido base que neste estudo será água, dessa forma, podem ser classificados como fluidos promissores para aplicações nucleares. As propriedades estudadas são: condutividade térmica, condutividade elétrica, densidade, viscosidade, tensão superficial e ângulo de contato de superfície e análises microscópicas. Como o propósito é usá-los em aplicações nucleares, o levantamento dessas medidas foi feito antes e depois a irradiação no irradiador multipropósito do IPEN uma fonte de 60Co para estudar o efeito da radiação ionizante (gama) nas propriedades dos nanofluidos. Após as medições pode-se concluir que não houve grande variação das propriedades, por outro lado, as partículas se encontraram mais aglomeradas após a irradiação dando indícios que o pH da amostra pode ter sido alterado e assim alterando a eletrocinética entre as partículas.

    Palavras-Chave: nanofluids; nanotechnology; thermal conductivity; physical properties; surface tension; density; viscosity; reactor instrumentation; reactor componentes; reactor monitoring systems; cobalt 60; gamma radiation; nuclear reaction kinetics

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  • IPEN-DOC 26736

    VIRGINIO, SUELI de A. . Sílica do tipo SBA-15 sintetizada por radiação gama e sua aplicação em compósitos de resina epóxi / SBA-15 silica synthesized by gamma radiation and its application on epoxy resin composites . 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 85 p. Orientador: Margarida Mizue Hamada. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-12032020-091026

    Abstract: A sílica mesoporosa nanoestruturada SBA-15 é definida como uma peneira molecular cuja base em sílica possui estrutura de poro hexagonal.Para obtê-la é preciso realizar uma reação química entre uma substância que funciona como molde chamado de "template" e uma fonte de sílica em meio ácido. O template permite a formação de micelas, as quais fornecem uma estrutura específica e a fonte de sílica preenche essas estruturas micelares. Posteriormente a mistura é aquecida (100°C) por 48 h - o que é chamado tratamento hidrotérmico - e após resfriamento, filtragem, lavagem, secagem e calcinação (500-550°C), as partículas estão prontas para serem usadas. Nesse trabalho, a proposta foi substituir a etapa hidrotérmica pelo processo de irradiação gama em doses de 0,5 kGy a 100 kGy para conseguir partículas com morfologia semelhante às do método clássico. Observou-se que as partículas de sílica obtidas pelo método da irradiação apresentaram alta área superficial e poros dispostos com diâmetro na escala nanométrica e com morfologia hexagonal. As imagens de MET confirmaram essa ordenação hexagonal do poro na SBA-15 mesmo produzidas em baixas doses. As partículas obtidas tanto pelo método clássico quanto pelo método da irradiação foram utilizadas como carga após sua dispersão em resina epóxi. A dispersão das partículas de sílica aconteceu segundo duas metodologias: a) mistura por fusão, onde as partículas de sílica são dispersas na resina a quente e b) mistura por solvente, onde as partículas de sílica são dispersas na mistura resina/acetona para evitar a aglomeração da fase inorgânica. As imagens de microscopia óptica e MEV revelaram homogeneidade na mistura partícula/resina no seio do material polimérico quando se utiliza o método com solvente, no entanto os compósitos obtidos (dispersão por solvente), apresentaram Tg com valor abaixo da resina epóxi padrão e baixa resistência mecânica.

    Palavras-Chave: silicates; nanotechnology; nanostructures; epoxides; ; ligases; gamma radiation; low dose irradiation; transmission electron microscopy; scanning electron microscopy; image processing

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  • IPEN-DOC 26735

    COELHO, ADRIANA B. . Análise técnica e econômica de um dispositivo experimental de geração de energia fotovoltaica em um sistema on-grid / Technical and economic analysis of an experimental photovoltaic power generation device in on-grid system . 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 97 p. Orientador: Thadeu das Neves Conti. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-11032020-144836

    Abstract: Desde 2012, quando a resolução N° 482 da Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL) criou o Sistema de Compensação de Energia Elétrica (SCEE), houve a possibilidade de um consumidor brasileiro gerar sua própria energia elétrica, a partir de fontes renováveis, ou, a cogeração qualificada e, inclusive, fornecer o excedente para a rede de distribuição de sua localidade. Este marco motivou a indústria a desenvolver tecnologia na área de energia fotovoltaica. Diante dessa nova perspectiva, tem-se como objetivo analisar a viabilidade técnica e econômica de um sistema fotovoltaico conectado à rede de 3,1kWp instalado na zona rural do estado de Rondônia, localizado na região Amazônica, onde as estações climáticas variam entre chuvosa e seca. Para tanto, aborda-se no projeto e suas correções, os componentes, as estimativas computacionais e o custo, para que se analisem as tensões e corrente contínua, a geração fotovoltaica, tensão e corrente alternada. Dessa maneira, identificam-se melhorias para redução de perdas e aumento de sua eficiência, instalando-se no solo, facilitando a limpeza e escolhendo a melhor posição em relação ao sol. Compara- se, também, as variações climáticas nos períodos de seca e chuva e observa-se melhor geração de energia no período de chuva, devido a temperatura amena e melhor limpeza dos painéis. Por fim, analisa-se a viabilidade financeira para o setor rural e identifica-se como um benefício viável e de qualidade para atender os maquinários utilizados na agropecuária.

    Palavras-Chave: thermophotovoltaic converters; photovoltaic effect; photovoltaic power supplies; smart grids; photovoltaic cells; solar heat engines; solar thermal power plants; energy conversion; power generation; production; rural areas; environmental effects; viability; financial security; financial data; computer calculations

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  • IPEN-DOC 26734

    RIOS, DENISE A. da S. . Revisão e otimização do sistema de proteção radiológica de um acelerador de elétrons usado em cura de tintas e vernizes em filmes poliméricos / Radiological protection system revision and optimization of an electron accelerator for ink and varnish curing in polymeric films . 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 130 p. Orientador: Janete Cristina Gonçalves Gaburo Carneiro. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-11032020-145556

    Abstract: A Comissão Internacional de Proteção Radiológica sugere uma reflexão estruturada para a realização da otimização da proteção radiológica. Neste contexto, propõe-se revisar o Plano de Proteção Radiológica de uma instalação que utiliza um acelerador de elétrons autoblindado do tipo cortina na cura de tintas e vernizes em substratos poliméricos. Para este tipo de aplicação, o acelerador necessita estar acoplado a uma impressora flexográfica onde a cura é realizada por radiação com feixe de elétrons. O trabalho avalia o controle eletrônico de segurança do equipamento, as probabilidades de falha e antevê as situações mais prováveis de emergência. Por meio de medições da taxa de dose no entorno do acelerador em regime de operação normal e análise dos registros dosimétricos da instalação, avaliou-se a dose dos trabalhadores, a classificação das áreas da instalação e a aderência às normas nacionais e internacionais. Além disso, foram realizadas duas simulações de acidentes que poderiam acarretar exposição potencial aos indivíduos e suas consequências. Concluiu-se que no período analisado nenhum trabalhador recebeu dose superior aos limites anuais para indivíduos do público e que o equipamento é intrinsecamente seguro em consequência das baixas probabilidades de ocorrência de falhas e das pequenas doses decorrentes delas. Em função dos resultados, sugere-se a reclassificação da área onde funciona o acelerador de supervisionada para área livre e a substituição do monitoramento individual pelo de área. A construção das árvores analíticas, ferramentas de otimização, evidenciou a relevância dos treinamentos periódicos específicos de proteção radiológica para os trabalhadores e indicou a necessidade de incluir as brigadas de incêndio como medida eficiente para tratar de acidentes neste tipo de equipamento. Por fim, as estimativas de falha no sistema de segurança consideradas nulas e as doses obtidas demonstraram a conformidade aos requisitos de proteção radiológica e obediência às normas nacionais e internacionais.

    Palavras-Chave: films; polymers; radiation doses; occupational exposure; linear accelerators; electron beam; partial body irradiation; inks; varnishes; radiation protection; real time systems

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  • IPEN-DOC 26733

    FARIA, DANILO P. . Análise mecânico-estrutural de uma vareta de combustível de aço inoxidável sob condições de ensaio de arrebentamento / Mechanical-structural analysis of a stainless steel fuel rod under burst test conditions . 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 81 p. Orientador: Antonio Teixeira e Silva. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-12032020-083247

    Abstract: Após o acidente nuclear de Fukushima em 2011, a comunidade científica intensificou as pesquisas para desenvolver combustíveis com tecnologia avançada. Nesse contexto, ligas à base de ferro surgiram como uma boa alternativa para ligas à base de zircônio. Para que a substituição do material do revestimento seja possível, são necessários estudos relacionados a suas propriedades mecânicas. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho realizou avaliações mecânico-estruturais a partir das propriedades mecânicas do aço inoxidável AISI 348, especificamente sob condições do ensaio de arrebentamento. Os ensaios de arrebentamento foram projetados para o intervalo de temperatura de 32°C a 450°. Em seguida, um modelo computacional foi criado baseado no corpo de prova do ensaio experimental. A simulação numérica foi realizada considerando as propriedades mecânicas do material específicas para o intervalo de temperatura de interesse. Os resultados numéricos foram comparados aos experimentais e o modelo foi validado. Como os aços inoxidáveis austeníticos possuem estabilidade estrutural para baixas e altas temperaturas, os resultados puderam ser extrapolados para temperaturas além daquelas fixadas no ensaio de arrebentamento. Após a validação do modelo computacional, foram realizadas simulações para temperaturas superiores a 450°C, e então foi obtida uma correlação entre a pressão de arrebentamento e a temperatura para o aço inoxidável AISI 348. A função encontrada pode então ser implementada em códigos de desempenho de combustível, como o FRAPTRAN e o TRANSURANUS, para que seja possível avaliar o comportamento de varetas de combustível com revestimento em aço inoxidável AISI 348 sob condições de acidente.

    Palavras-Chave: stainless steel-348; fuel rods; coatings; fuel elements; fuel cycle; fuel integrity; safety standards; nuclear materials management; failed element detection; design-basis accidents; thermal conductivity; thermal analysis; finite element method; tensile properties; computerized simulation; executive codes

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  • IPEN-DOC 26732

    CARLECH, HIGOR S . Avaliação dos efeitos colaterais agudos em pacientes com câncer de próstata tratados com radioterapia conformacional em um hospital no Leste de Minas / Evaluation of acute side effects in prostate cancer patients treated with conformational radiotherapy in a hospital in Eastern Minas Gerais . 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 49 p. Orientador: Maria Elisa Chuery Martins Rostelato. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-12032020-073702

    Abstract: A radioterapia é frequentemente associada a uma ampla gama de efeitos adversos (EA) significativos. Esses EA são geralmente classificados como agudos ou tardios. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a toxicidade aguda em pacientes com câncer de próstata tratados com radioterapia conformacional (IMRT)l na Unidade de Oncologia do Hospital Márcio Cunha, no Leste de Minas Gerais. A metodologia utilizada foi um estudo de coorte prospectivo, observacional, realizado através de uma amostra não probabilística de conveniência, totalizando 45 pacientes. Os pacientes incluídos no estudo foram acompanhados desde o início do tratamento até 3 meses após a radioterapia conformacional (IMRT). A observação mais frequente foi de pelo menos um EA agudo por paciente e o menos comum foi a manifestação de quatro EA concomitantemente. Nenhum paciente nesse estudo apresentou mais de quatro efeitos adversos agudos. Com o conhecimento da epidemiologia destes EA melhorou a instrumentalização do médico e paciente para escolher a modalidade terapêutica mais adequada para cada caso.

    Palavras-Chave: conformal invariance; conformal invariance; scale dimension; three-dimensional calculations; image processing; computerized tomography; radiotherapy; prostate; neoplasms; toxicity; acute exposure; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 26731

    RAO, INA P. . Ação da radiação ionizante no resíduo do processo de prensagem para extração de óleo da macadâmia para utilização em alimentos / Influence of ionizing radiation on the residue of macadamia oil extraction to be used as food . 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 84 p. Orientador: Nélida Lúcia Del Mastro. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-12032020-084046

    Abstract: Muitos subprodutos da indústria de alimentos são ricos em nutrientes, no entanto, ainda são pouco utilizados para consumo, pois necessitam de tratamentos que garantam a segurança microbiológica. A irradiação de alimentos é um processo que responde a esta demanda, pois reduz a população microbiana mantendo a qualidade nutricional do alimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a ação da radiação ionizante no resíduo resultante da extração a frio de óleo de macadâmia para utilização em alimentos. Já foi estudada a utilização do resíduo para alimentação animal; entretanto, a originalidade desse trabalho é a proposta da utilização desse resíduo irradiado para consumo humano. O resíduo foi submetido à irradiação em fonte de 60Co Gammacell 220 com doses de 0 - 7,5 kGy. A radiação gama, nas doses aplicadas, não induziu mudanças significativas na composição centesimal e no perfil de ácidos graxos. A caracterização físico-química, pelos ensaios de composição centesimal, mostrou que a macadâmia e o resíduo da extração de óleo, são ricos em gorduras totais, atribuídos principalmente às gorduras monoinsaturadas, além de proteína e fibras. Todo o perfil de ácidos graxos foi analisado sendo encontrado principalmente ácido oleico (cerca de 60 %), palmitoléico (cerca de 18 %) e palmítico (cerca de 8 %). O resíduo após irradiação apresentou o mesmo perfil de ácidos graxos. Pela análise por ativação neutrônica foi possível verificar a presença de minerais relevantes. O resíduo irradiado mostrou-se ainda mais rico do que a própria noz em micronutrientes tais como Ca, K, Mn, Mg, Cu e Zn. Foram realizados ensaios microbiológicos na noz macadâmia e no resíduo irradiado e não irradiado. Foram analisados coliformes a 45°C, Salmonella sp, contagem total de bolores e leveduras, contagem total de aeróbios mesófilos e Bacillus cereus. Os ensaios realizados mostram que doses iguais ou maiores de 5 kGy são suficientes para que o resíduo da macadâmia atenda a legislação vigente e as indicações citadas na literatura, podendo ser utilizado com segurança pela indústria alimentícia.

    Palavras-Chave: food industry; food processing; irradiation; microorganisms; diagnostic techniques; bioassay; ionizing radiations; gamma spectroscopy; neutron activation analysis; mechanical structures

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  • IPEN-DOC 26730

    SOUFIA, LAYLA B. . Caracterização da composição química da matéria orgânica presente na Lama Negra de Peruíbe / Characterization of the chemical composition of the organic matter present in Peruíbe's Black Lama . 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 88 p. Orientador: Paulo Sergio Cardoso da Silva. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-12032020-081116

    Abstract: A Lama Negra de Peruíbe, encontrada nas margens do Rio Preto, é conhecida por suas propriedades curativas e por possui poder anti-inflamatório, pode ser aplicado na recuperação de diferentes patologias dermatológicas, tais como: psoríase, dermatites periféricas e acne, e em tratamentos de artrites (obliterantes ou reumatóide), artropatias (crônicas e subcrônicas secundárias), reumatismo, mialgias, nevrites, entre outros. Rica em compostos químicos orgânicos e inorgânicos, apresenta em sua composição minerais como: argila-silítica, quartzo, halita, filossilicatos e argilominerais apresentando silício, sulfato, zinco chumbo, cromo, níquel e alumínio em sua composição química principal enquanto as análises microbiológicas revelaram a presença de microorganismos e material orgânico oriundo do processo biológico-metabólico, denominado de substâncias húmicas. Embora as argilas (ou os pelóides) sejam consideradas materiais naturais, elas não estão isentas de possíveis efeitos danosos à saúde quando utilizadas com fins terapêuticos. Essa situação destaca a importância da pesquisa científica na caracterização química da Lama Negra de Peruíbe, em primeiro lugar, para encontrar os substratos orgânicos e inorgânicos e suas propriedades terapêuticas. Com intuito de fornecer algum suporte para seu uso médico, e, em segundo lugar, certificar a sua qualidade para ser utilizado em tratamentos médicos.É necessário avaliar a composição química, em particular, da matéria orgânica, fortemente influenciada pela atividade microbiana e pela disponibilidade de componentes orgânicos.A caraterização da composição orgânica foi realizada pela extração e purificação de ácidos fúlvicos e ácidos húmicos, análise do teor de cinzas, determinação da acidez total, carboxílica e fenólica, análise da composição elementar (C, H, N e O), análise espectroscópica de absorção no ultravioleta/visível, e análise por ativação neutrônica associada à espectrometria gama.

    Palavras-Chave: alluvial deposits; sediments; microorganisms; diagnostic techniques; bioassay; gamma spectroscopy; neutron activation analysis; radiation absorption analysis; absorption spectroscopy; ultraviolet radiation; visible radiation; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 26729

    NEMEH, JANINE . Avaliação da influência da aplicação de compósitos de titânia e sílica na preservação de pedras ornamentais / Evaluation of the influence of titania and silica composites application on the preservation of ornamental stones . 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 165 p. Orientador: Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-12032020-075042

    Abstract: A conservação de pedras de patrimônios históricos tem sido foco de diversas pesquisas, principalmente na Europa. Um dos procedimentos estudados é a aplicação de suspensões de sílica com adição de titânia em superfícies de pedras. Essa camada protetora tem sido considerada eficaz, pela estabilidade térmica sob a radiação solar, caráter hidrofóbico da sílica sintetizada e fotocatalítico da titânia. No presente estudo foram avaliadas amostras frescas de pedras ornamentais (granitos e mármores) antes e após a aplicação do compósito sílica-titânia, preparado pela adição de 1 a 2% (p/v) de titânia (Aeroxide ®TiO2 P25) em tetraetilortosilicato (TEOS) na presença de n-octilamina. A aplicação do compósito nas pedras foi feita com pincel, e a secagem das pedras ocorreu ao ar. As técnicas empregadas para caracterização dos pós de partida, compósitos e pedras foram: difração de raios X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, porosimetria a hélio, medidas de ângulo de contato, espectrofotometria e brilho. Com base em análises de ângulo de contato, espectrofotometria e microscopia eletrônica de varredura, verificou-se a viabilidade de aplicação do compósito com 1% (p/v) de titânia nas pedras com acabamento tipo levigado. As variações colorimétricas foram resultantes do percentual de titânia no compósito e, de modo geral, esse percentual foi determinante também nas variações de ângulos de contato, cujos valores aumentam com a deposição de compósito. Definida a aplicação com 1% (p/v) de titânia nas superfícies das pedras, foram incluídos os testes de absorção de água - método da esponja, de capilaridade e tubo de Karsten. Verificou-se que as pedras tratadas apresentam menor tendência de absorção de água, em tempos menores de ensaios, notadamente, as silicáticas.

    Palavras-Chave: surface coating; surface hardening; cultural objects; historical aspects; radiopreservation; oxide minerals; silica; titanium alloys; composite materials; scanning electron microscopy; x-ray diffraction; comparative evaluations

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  • IPEN-DOC 26728

    PIRES, MARINA C. . Estudo do processo de fabricação de placas combustíveis com uma dispersão a base de gama U7Mo / Study of the manufacturing process of gamma-U7Mo dispersion fuel plates . 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 82 p. Orientador: Michelangelo Durazzo. Coorientador: Ricardo Mendes Leal Neto. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-04022020-102648

    Abstract: A busca de novos materiais para combustíveis nucleares vem sendo desenvolvida ao longo dos últimos 50 anos com o principal intuito de aumentar a eficiência dos combustíveis durante a operação de reatores nucleares. Os programas de redução de enriquecimento de urânio desde a década de 70 são os principais impulsionadores para a busca de materiais que possibilitam o aumento da densidade de urânio nos combustíveis nucleares com baixo enriquecimento (até 20%). O molibdênio é um elemento que, mesmo em baixas concentrações, consegue reter a fase gama do urânio, estabilizando o elemento combustível durante o processo de fabricação e quando irradiado. Sendo assim, a liga de γU-Mo apresenta grande potencial para desenvolvimento de combustíveis com maior densidade de urânio no núcleo do combustível nuclear. O presente trabalho visa o desenvolvimento tecnológico das etapas de produção de um novo combustível nuclear tipo dispersão a base de uma liga de urânio com 7% em massa de molibdênio em matriz de alumínio. Nestas condições, é possível obter um combustível com uma densidade de urânio de até 7 gU cm-3 em contraponto ao combustível de siliceto de urânio com 4 gU cm-3 qualificado atualmente. Dentre as etapas previamente já conhecidas pelo IPEN para a fabricação do combustível nuclear, a liga de γU-Mo necessita de um processo específico de pulverização devido às propriedades mecânicas do material. A cominuição da liga foi feita através da técnica de hidretação-moagem- desidretação que ainda necessita de estudos mais detalhados de seu processo para sua reprodutibilidade e otimização. As etapas de fabricação do briquete e laminação foram executadas de acordo com a expertise do IPEN. Os resultados indicam que a liga de γU-Mo, embora, seja mecanicamente factível em todas as etapas de fabricação do combustível nuclear, são necessários ajustes nas condições atuais do processo de fabricação para adequação às propriedades da liga e especialmente para evitar oxidação do núcleo da placa combustível.

    Palavras-Chave: fuel fabrication plants; fuel cycle; nuclear fuels; fuel elements; nuclear materials management; alloy nuclear fuels; uranium-molybdenum fuels; dispersion nuclear fuels; hydration; dehydration; milling; gamma radiation; comparative evaluations

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  • IPEN-DOC 26727

    CRUZ, PEDRO V.D. da . Efeito do tratamento térmico a vácuo e do processo HDDR nas propriedades eletroquímicas de supercapacitores à base de carbono ativado e óxido de grafeno reduzido / The effect of vacuum annealing and HDDR processing on the electrochemical characteristics of supercapacitors based activated carbon and graphene oxide . 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 138 p. Orientador: Rubens Nunes de Faria Júnior. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-13122019-163855

    Abstract: O aumento da necessidade de armazenamento de energia trouxe aos capacitores eletroquímicos de dupla camada elétrica (supercapacitores) maiores proporções nas pesquisas. Com isto, a principal necessidade se tornou o aumento de sua capacidade (capacitância). Visando isto, o presente trabalho busca investigar o efeito do carbono ativado, matéria prima de eletrodos para os supercapacitores, tratado termicamente vácuo em diferentes temperaturas (200, 400, 600, 800 e 1000 °C) e por meio do processo HDDR,nas alterações das características elétricas destes produtos. Foram escolhidos dois eletrólitos de baixa toxidade em duas concentrações para salientar suas diferenças, sendo sulfato de sódio (1,0 mol L-1) e hidróxido de potássio (1,0 e 6,0 mol L-1). As medidas utilizadas para esta caracterização se basearam nos ensaios de voltametria cíclica e ciclos galvanostáticos, efetuados em um analisador computadorizado, determinando a capacitância especifica e resistência interna. Foram realizados, também, ensaios utilizando as seguintes técnicas: impedância, termogravimetria, adsorção de nitrogênio, microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e difração de raios X (DRX).

    Palavras-Chave: dehydrogenation; chemical reactions; hydrogenation; vacuum states; superconductors; electric conductivity; capacitance; electrochemical cells; electric batteries; activated carbon; graphene; galvanometers; voltmeters; computerized simulation; resistivity surveys; impedance; thermal gravimetric analysis; nitrogen additions; scanning electron microscopy; x-ray diffraction

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  • IPEN-DOC 26726

    MESQUITA, ANDERSON dos S. . Efeitos da radiação ionizante nas propriedades mecânicas, térmicas e de mobilidade da blenda de DGEBA/EPDM / Electron beam effect on the mechanical, thermal and mobility properties of the DGEBA/EPDM blend . 2019. Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo. 102 p. Orientador: Leonardo Gondim de Andrade e Silva. DOI: 10.11606/T.85.2020.tde-12032020-082221

    Abstract: A busca pelo desenvolvimento de novos materiais é um assunto que atrai pesquisadores de diversas áreas do conhecimento. A possibilidade de criar ou descobrir uma nova blenda polimérica capaz de ser aplicada em determinadas situações específicas, é de grande importância para a sociedade moderna. A blenda de DGEBA/EPDM pode ser usada para revestir a superfície de outros materiais e protegê-los contra condições térmicas e mecânicas elevadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi obter, caracterizar e irradiar as blendas de DGEBA/EPDM e comparar suas propriedades mecânicas, térmicas, morfológicas e de quimiluminescência com as blendas não-irradiadas. Foram obtidas blendas com 25 e 50% em massa da resina epóxi DGEBA. O processo de irradiação das blendas foi feito a uma taxa de dose de 22,41 kGy/s com doses de 30 e 60 kGy. Foram realizados ensaios mecânicos de tração e alongamento na ruptura, ensaios térmicos (DMA e TGA), quimiluminescência, análises de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), intumescimento e espectroscopia vibracional de absorção no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Concluiu-se que as blendas irradiadas de DGEBA/EPDM podem ser usadas para muitas aplicações devido à melhoria de suas propriedades mecânicas, térmicas e estruturais. Suas propriedades, após o processo de irradiação, foram satisfatórias para aplicações que necessitem de materiais de resistência elevada.

    Palavras-Chave: surface coating; surface hardening; ethers; ethylene propylene diene polymers; rubbers; surface properties; thermodynamic properties; mechanical properties; tensile properties; fracture properties; failures; ruptures; chemical radiation effects; fourier transform spectrometers; chemiluminescence; scanning electron microscopy; scanning electron microscopy

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  • IPEN-DOC 26725

    MARTOS, LUIS G.C.; BRASCHI, GIOVANI F.; CARNEIRO, MARCELO B.; MACHADO, IZABEL F.; BARBOSA, PATRICIA A.; ROSSI, WAGNER de . Avaliação de elemento cerâmico em gradação funcional / Evaluation of ceramic element functionally graded. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA DE FABRICAÇÃO, 10., 5-7 de agosto, 2019, São Carlos, SP. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Engenharia e Ciências Mecânicas, 2019.

    Palavras-Chave: sintering; microhardness; particle size; ceramics; density

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  • IPEN-DOC 26603

    TODO, ALBERTO S. ; CARDOSO, JOAQUIM C.S. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, ORLANDO . Analysis of the in vivo monitoring program at IPEN in the last 14 years. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 21-25, 2019, Santos, SP. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2019. p. 93-98.

    Abstract: This paper presents the results of the in vivo monitoring analysis for Occupationally Exposed Individuals that handle unsealed sources at Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN). The facilities are: the Radiopharmacy Center, the Cyclotron, the IEA-R1 Reactor and Research Laboratories. The in vivo monitoring program is carried out in a whole-body counter for radionuclides emitting gamma rays with energy above 100 keV. This system is equipped with 8x4 and 3x3 inch NaI(Tl) detector, for whole body and thyroid measurements, respectively. The objective of this work is to analyze the results of the internal monitoring program according to the dose received by the Occupationally Exposed Individuals from 2005 to 2018. During this period about 6,000 measurements were accomplished. The radionuclides that presented measured values above the detection limit of the system were: 131I, 99Mo, 99mTc, 153Sm, 177Lu, 111In, 192Ir, 125I, 123I, 181Hf, 203Hg, 67Ga, 18F, 51Cr, 201Tl. These measurements have amounted less than 6.9% of the total whole-body monitoring’s performed in this period. Among these radionuclides, 131I, 99mTc, 125I and 18F have contributed with 69% of all measurements above the limit of detection, but most dose results were below the recording level under installations normal operating conditions. Regarding to the radionuclides that have presented doses above the recording level we can mention the 131I, 67Ga, 111In that occurred in small unexpected situations. The results shown by this analysis give a good support to the internal individual monitoring program implemented by the radioprotection service in these facilities.

    Palavras-Chave: effective radiation doses; gamma radiation; in vivo; internal irradiation; nai detectors; occupational exposure; radiation monitoring; radiation protection; radioisotopes; thyroid; unsealed sources; whole-body counters; brazilian cnen

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  • IPEN-DOC 26553

    KODAMA, YASKO ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, ORLANDO ; GARCIA, RAFAEL H.L. ; OTUBO, LARISSA ; SANTOS, PAULO S. ; VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. . Kinetics of Free Radicals Decay Reactions in Cellulosic Based Heritage Materials Disinfected by Gamma Radiation. In: VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. (Ed.); NAGAI, MARIA L.E. (Coord.) INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GAMMA IONIZATION: TECHNOLOGY FOR PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE, 1st, October 25, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, 2019.

    Abstract: In this study, contemporary paper samples were irradiated using gamma radiation from Co-60 with different absorbed doses. The absorbed dose range was chosen taking into account the effective values to promote insect eradication, fungal disinfection and sterilization. The kinetics of decay of the cellulose free radicals induced by irradiation was analyzed using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Several spectra were obtained at room temperature for each applied absorbed dose immediately after irradiation as reference measurements. In order to understand the decay process of free radicals, additional spectra were obtained for different decay times up to almost 50 days after irradiation. De-noising treatment of the original obtained spectra signals were performed using wavelets. By integrating the electron paramagnetic resonance curves were calculated the area values and correlated to concentration, it is equivalent to spin concentration. Comparison of spectra was done by normalization of calculated area corresponding to cellulose spin concentration, considering the first measurement after irradiation as 100%. Further analyses and calculations were made to study the half-life and the kinetics models of the free radicals created. X-ray diffraction was carried out to identify crystalline phases and the effect of ionizing radiation on the crystalline structure of cellulose in paper. Scanning electron microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive Spectrometry were performed to analyze structure modifications by ionizing radiation, identifying cellulose fiber agglomeration zones and to quantify chemical elements. Likewise, samples were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy to determinate changes on the carbonyl groups. Results shown that for sterilization dose, 80% of the cellulose free radicals induced by ionizing radiation disappear in almost 40 days and for disinfection dose in 8 days. It can be concluded that if no significant modifications (side-effects) appear in the irradiated material after the radical decay time, the material will stay stable for the remaining lifetime. Proposed method using electron paramagnetic resonance results showed suitably to study the behavior of radicals on cellulosic based cultural heritage materials.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26724

    FERREIRA, G.V.R.; MASTRO, N.L.D. . Importância de mucilagens em nutrição. In: OLIVEIRA, JOÃO R.M. (Ed.) ENCONTRO DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA, 16th, 23 de novembro, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Universidade Nove de Julho, 2019. p. 196-196.

    Abstract: A ciência aplicada às áreas de saúde, tecnologia de alimentos e biotecnologia tem buscado formas de obter materiais menos prejudiciais aos organismos e que tragam algum benefício funcional, os pesquisadores buscam sempre inovar a forma de produzir produtos e incluir coisas naturais em suas mercadorias (UTPOTT, 2012). A mucilagem, no sentido botânico é uma secreção rica em polissacarídeos hidrocolóides. É uma substância vegetal, viscosa que aumenta de volume sob a ação da água, ficando com consistência gomosa com consequentes propriedades adesivas e espessantes. As mucilagens são utilizadas como reguladoras do trânsito intestinal, como emolientes e como veículo de misturas com substâncias sólidas. Retém a água aumentando de volume. Encontra-se, em alta concentração, em raízes aquáticas para sua proteção, envolvendo algumas sementes etc. No sentido farmacológico, é uma substância viscosa resultante da solução de determinadas matérias em água. Grande grupo de polissacarídeos complexos, frequentemente presentes nas paredes celulares das plantas aquáticas e nos tegumentos de algumas outras espécies. Mucilagem é rígida quando seca e pegajosa quando húmida. Tem possivelmente uma função protetora e de âncora nas plantas. (Hine, 2005) O objetivo deste trabalho é definir e apresentar as características que as mucilagens possuem, suas aplicações, propriedades reológicas, tecnológicas e funcionais e onde elas podem ser encontradas. O método de elaboração foi por meio de revisão bibliográfica. Trabalhos com a mucilagem mostraram-se interessante na área de nutrição, como por exemplo, na substituição do glúten em pães e bolos realizados por Zambrano et al. (2017) com psyllium. Vantagem essa, que dá a possibilidade de pacientes com doença celíaca usufruirem de massas que antes contavam com glúten e os restringiam. A mucilagem pode contornar isto, pois suas características reológicas de viscosidade e extensibilidade fizeram o papel do glúten. Pode-se concluir que a mucilagem no sentido nutricional e funcional se tornou uma ferramenta excelente em preparações, ainda mais para pessoas que possuem restrições ao glúten. Em alguns artigos, é possível destacar a prevenção do cancêr de cólon relacionado com a mucilagem. As fibras mucilaginosas mais utilizadas para sua extração são as de Linhaça, Chia, Inhame e psyllium. Ainda há muito o que explorar nesta área, e os resultados realizados nos trabalhos são promissores e abrem margem para novas modalidades de utilização da mesma.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26531

    ROVANI, SUZIMARA ; FUNGARO, DENISE ; CARVALHO, FELIPE ; SANTOS, JONNATAN. Comparative study of methods for the synthesis of silica nanoparticles from sugarcane waste ash. In: ACS NATIONAL MEETING & EXPOSITION, 257th, March 31 - April 4, 2019, Orlando, FL, USA. Abstract... Washington, DC, USA: American Chemical Society, 2019.

    Abstract: Adding value to agro-industrial solid waste is a challenge for sustainable and green chemistry. Brazil is the worlds largest producer of sugarcane, producing about 633 million tons per year, and generates huge amounts of sugarcane waste ash (SWA) which is a rich source of silica. Therefore, the development of a process related to the use of this raw material rich in Si for the production of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) is fundamental. SiNPs are presently applied in paints, biopolymers, catalysts, adsorbents, among others [1]. In this study, SiNPs were produced from SWA by different routes and yield and purity of products obtained were evaluated. The synthesis of SiNPs was carried out by the two-step method. First, NaOH was mixed with SWA, and the resultant mixture was fused at 350 C for 30 min or 1 h, varying the ash:NaOH ratio (1:1.5 or 1:2). After, was added distilled water in the funded solid and refluxed for 1 h to leave all the sodium silicate dissolved in the aqueous medium [2]. Then, HCl or H2SO4 6.0 mol L-1 was added, dropwise, until pH decrease to 2.0. The yield of SiNPs extraction was around 67 % for samples obtained with ash:NaOH ratio 1:1.5, 30 min or 1 h of muffle and HCl solution. So, fusion time was not significant for the yield of the synthesis. Subsequent experiments were conducted at 30 min, ash:NaOH (1:2) and HCl or H2SO4 (Table 1). The yield of silica nanoparticles extraction was 93 % and 67 % with HCl and H2SO4, respectively. The silica obtained with H2SO4 showed lower yield, but higher purity, when compared to the silica obtained with HCl. The yield of silica extraction was higher with ash:NaOH ratio 1:2 and with the HCl. However, the highest purity was obtained with H2SO4.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26551

    NAGAI, MARIA L.E.; SANTOS, PAULO S. ; OTUBO, LARISSA ; OLIVEIRA, MARIA J.A. de ; VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. . Ionizing radiation for the preservation and conservation of photographic and cinematographic films. In: VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. (Ed.); NAGAI, MARIA L.E. (Coord.) INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GAMMA IONIZATION: TECHNOLOGY FOR PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE, 1st, October 25, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, 2019.

    Abstract: The Nuclear and Energy research Institute – IPEN-CNEN/SP through the Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility has treated several bibliographical collections of Sao Paulo University-USP for disinfestation and disinfection of contaminated materials with insects and fungi. In this sense, gamma radiation from cobalt-60 is an excellent alternative tool to the traditional preservation process mainly because the biocidal action. Disinfection using gamma radiation for cultural heritage materials has been widely applied around the world in the last decades. Adequate storage of photographic and cinematographic materials is a challenge for conservation experts from preservation institutions. Contamination by fungi is one of leading causes of problem in this kind of collections. In addition, another common physicochemical degradation affecting cellulose triacetate films causing deacetylation of polymer chain is called “vinegar syndrome”. In this work are presented results of effect of ionizing radiation on photographic and cinematographic films. Selected films were characterized by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and FEGSEM-EDS microscopy. Samples were irradiated by gamma rays with absorbed dose between 2 kGy and 200 kGy. Irradiated samples were analyzed by UV-vis spectrophotometry, FEGSEM, thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results showed that disinfection by gamma rays can be achieved safely applying radiation absorbed doses between 6 kGy and 10 kGy with no change or modification of main properties of the constitutive polymeric materials. Gamma rays due to the effect of crosslinking is presented as an alternative to treat films affected by “vinegar syndrome” applying absorbed dose of 50 kGy in order to increase shelf life of cultural heritage materials.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26550

    LIMA, LENI M.P.R. ; KODAMA, YASKO ; OTUBO, LARISSA ; SANTOS, PAULO S. ; VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. . Effect of ionizing radiation on the color of botanical collections: exsiccata. In: VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. (Ed.); NAGAI, MARIA L.E. (Coord.) INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GAMMA IONIZATION: TECHNOLOGY FOR PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE, 1st, October 25, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, 2019.

    Abstract: Conservation and preservation methods are essential to maintain the wholeness of botanical collections specially for dried herbarium specimens also known as exsiccates, usually referring to a set of identified specimens belonging to taxa and distributed among all herbaria around the world. These vegetal materials are subjected to fungal attack and insect pests threatening their entirety. In recent years, disinfection by ionizing radiation has become an effective strategy to preserve cultural heritage objects and archived materials with excellent results. In this work, the effects on color properties of exsiccates samples irradiated with gamma radiation from Co-60 with different absorbed doses were studied. The botanical pressed and dehydrated samples – exsiccates – were selected from the Dom Bento José Pickel Herbarium (SPSF), located at São Paulo (Brazil). Two exsiccate samples were selected: SPSF-4021 and SPSF-08821. These samples come from Asteraceae and Solanaceae family and were collected in 1946 and 1984, respectively. Families of selected botanical collections are very susceptible to biodegradation. The irradiation was performed at the Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility at IPEN applying absorbed doses of 1 kGy, 6 kGy and 10 kGy. The selected ranged dose promotes insect disinfestation and fungal disinfection. Results were analyzed using colorimetry with CIELAB color space scale. Scanning electron microscopy were performed to analyze surface topography and elemental structure modifications by ionizing radiation and characterize the non-irradiated (0 kGy) and the effective disinfected (10 kGy) exsiccata samples. The results revealed no significant changes on colorimetric morphological properties of then irradiated samples. The color changes between the non-irradiated samples and the irradiated sample at the high absorbed dose are perceptible, but acceptable considering the adopted scale. The microscopy images of the non-irradiated and 10 kGy irradiated samples did not show significant differences in the topographic morphology of the exsiccata samples. The results obtained corroborate the studies of the application of gamma radiation to preserve materials of cellulosic origin. Subsequently and for continuity of this research, other samples will be analyzed.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26566

    IANELLI, RICARDO F. . Eletrodeposição de níquel sobre folhas finas de urânio metálico destinadas a alvos de irradiação para produção de 99Mo / Nickel electroplating over metalic uranium thin foils for irradiation targets destined to 99Mo production . 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo, SP. 97 p. Orientador: Michelangelo Durazzo. DOI: 10.11606/D.85.2019.tde-03022020-131627

    Abstract: Atualmente, o radioisótopo mais comum na área de diagnósticos em medicina nuclear é o tecnécio-99 metaestável (99mTc), que, hoje está presente em mais de 80% dos diagnósticos nucleares por imagem, em todo mundo. Por ter uma meia-vida pequena, o 99mTc precisa chegar ao consumidor final na forma de seu isótopo-mãe, o molibdênio 99 (99Mo). Uma das rotas de produção deste isótopo se dá por meio de fissão de alvos tubulares de folhas finas de urânio metálico com baixo enriquecimento. O processo de fabricação desse alvo consiste em utilizar folhas finas de urânio metálico enriquecido a 20% em 235U, com espessura de 125 μm. Essa folha fina de urânio é envolvida em uma folha de níquel (14 μm), que atua como barreira para os produtos de fissão, e evita o caldeamento entre o urânio e o invólucro tubular de alumínio no qual este conjunto é montado. Esse invólucro consiste em dois tubos concêntricos, um interno, no qual é usinado um rebaixo para acomodar o conjunto de folha fina U-Ni e um outro externo no qual todo esse conjunto é inserido. O conjunto tem o seu diâmetro interno expandido mecanicamente para tornar a transferência térmica mais adequada durante a irradiação. O invólucro é selado por soldagem. Assim, o alvo após a montagem, está preparado para irradiação neutrônica no reator. Esse processo de montagem de alvos já foi estudado em diversos países, porém, o processo de envelopamento do urânio em uma folha fina de níquel e montagem do alvo é, hoje, feito manualmente. Tecnologicamente, isso impõe um risco da folha de níquel se romper promovendo o contato entre o urânio e o alumínio do invólucro. No presente estudo, analisa-se a possibilidade do uso de eletrodeposição de níquel sobre a folha fina de urânio, para substituir o uso de folhas de níquel. Isso torna o processo mais viável do ponto de vista produtivo. Desenvolveu-se um sistema próprio de conformação das folhas finas de urânio antes da eletrodeposição através de calandragem. Trabalhou-se com diversos procedimentos de preparação da superfície de urânio para receber a cobertura de níquel através de eletrodeposição tradicional. Desenvolveu-se um equipamento automatizado de translação de folha fina conformada de urânio na forma de um eletrodo rotacional. Assim, obtiveram-se recobrimentos homogêneos e com espessura regular sobre a folha fina de urânio. Os resultados também indicam que a eletrodeposição de níquel sobre urânio com alta aderência do níquel ao urânio depende da devida ativação da superfície de urânio, podendo ser química, eletroquímica ou até mesmo mecânica. Esse trabalho registra que esse processo foi desenvolvido e poderá ser utilizado em tecnologia de produção continuada, tais como, a produção de alvos de irradiação para o Reator Multipropósito Brasileiro (RMB)

    Palavras-Chave: isotope production; targets; uranium 235; molybdenum 99; technetium 99; enriched uranium reactors; thickness; foils; nickel; surface coating; electrodeposition; rcic systems; reactor cores; research reactors; rmb reactor; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 26548

    BORAZANIAN, TATYANA C.F. ; SZURKALO, MARGARIDA ; CORREA, OLANDIR V. ; BENTO, RODRIGO T. ; PILLIS, MARINA F. . Revestimentos de TiO2 para a preservação de superfícies arquitetônicas. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE CATALISE, 20., 1-5 setembro, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Anais... 2019.

    Abstract: A utilização do dióxido de titânio (TiO2) tem sido amplamente estudada para proteção de elementos arquitetônicos e de revestimentos externos utilizados na construção civil, a fim de preservar melhor seu aspecto visual e minimizar a necessidade constante de limpeza e manutenção decorridas da deposição de partículas de poluentes existentes na atmosfera. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o desempenho autolimpante de filmes fotocatalíticos de TiO2 aplicados em superfícies de materiais comumente empregados na Arquitetura.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26547

    BENTO, RODRIGO T. ; CORREA, OLANDIR V. ; PILLIS, MARINA F. . Reativação e reutilização de fotocatalisadores de TiO2 dopados com enxofre em baixa temperatura. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE CATALISE, 20., 1-5 setembro, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Anais... 2019.

    Abstract: O presente estudo avaliou a possibilidade de reutilização fotocatalítica dos filmes de dióxido de titânio (TiO2) dopados com enxofre em baixa temperatura. Os filmes foram crescidos por deposição química de organometálicos em fase vapor (MOCVD) a 400°C. A dopagem com enxofre foi realizada a 50°C por um processo semelhante ao utilizado na dessulfuração do sulfeto de hidrogênio (H2S). O comportamento fotocatalítico e a durabilidade dos filmes foram medidos a partir da degradação do corante alaranjado de metila sob luz visível por vários ciclos. Os filmes são formados apenas pela fase cristalina anatase. Os resultados demonstraram que não houve modificações estruturais ou diferenças significativas na morfologia dos filmes após a sua utilização. Os filmes de TiO2 dopados com enxofre apresentaram uma excelente atividade fotocatalítica, com uma eficiência de 72,1% sob luz visível. Os experimentos de durabilidade sugerem que, mesmo com a impregnação de corante na superfície do catalisador, os filmes de TiO2 dopados apresentaram boa estabilidade fotocatalítica após diversas horas de uso, o que permite sua aplicação prática no tratamento e purificação da água sob luz solar com elevada eficiência.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26546

    ALENCAR, CATARINE S.L. ; PAIVA, ANA R.N. ; VAZ, JORGE M. ; SPINACE, ESTEVAM V. . Preparação de nanopartículas de cobre e ouro suportadas em TiO2 para uso como catalisador na oxidação preferencial de CO em misturas ricas em hidrogênio (CO-PROX). In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE CATALISE, 20., 1-5 setembro, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Anais... 2019.

    Abstract: Os catalisadores Au/TiO2 têm apresentado boa atividade e seletividade para a reação de oxidação preferencial de monóxido de carbono em misturas ricas em hidrogênio (CO-PROX). É proposto um catalisador contendo os metais Au e Cu (CuAu/TiO2) que será preparado por meio de redução química de forma simultânea de ambos os metais, utilizando borohidreto de sódio como agente redutor. Realizou-se também a síntese de catalisadores monometálicos de Cu/TiO2 e Au/TiO2 sob as mesmas condições e os resultados foram comparados. Os catalisadores foram caracterizados por Difração de Raios X (DRX), Energia Dispersiva de Raios X (EDX), Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão (MET) e Redução por temperatura programada (TPR). O catalisador CuAu/TiO2 apresentou melhor atividade catalítica para a reação CO-PROX se comparado aos seus respectivos catalisadores monometálicos.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26545

    QUEIROZ, CARLA M.S. ; MACHADO, ARTHUR P. ; PAIVA, ANA R.N. ; VAZ, JORGE M. ; SPINACE, ESTEVAM V. . Preparação de catalisadores Pt/CeO2 promovidos por Fe e Sn via método de redução por álcool para a oxidação preferencial de CO em misturas ricas em hidrogênio (PROX-CO). In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE CATALISE, 20., 1-5 setembro, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Anais... 2019.

    Abstract: A reação de oxidação preferencial do CO (PROX-CO) é considerada uma alternativa eficiente e econômica para remoção de CO presente em correntes de H2 que são empregadas para a produção de energia limpa e sustentável via tecnologia de células a combustível. Isto porque, a reação de PROX-CO catalisada é capaz de reduzir a concentração deste contaminante para níveis menores que 50 ppm, evitando assim o envenenamento e consequente desativação dos eletrodos da célula. Os catalisadores de Pt têm se mostrado bastante promissores para emprego na reação de PROX-CO, apresentado altas conversões e seletividades, numa ampla faixa de temperatura. Assim, este trabalho tem o objetivo de estudar o desempenho de catalisadores de Pt/CeO2 promovidos com óxidos de Fe ou Sn destinados à reação de PROX-CO. Os sólidos foram sintetizados pelo método de redução por álcool e caracterizados pelas técnicas de EDX, DRX e MET. Os desempenhos catalíticos foram conduzidos sob pressão atmosférica e em temperaturas variando entre 50 °C e 200 °C. Os resultados revelam que os catalisadores de Pt suportados em céria apresentaram máxima conversão de CO e seletividade em CO2 a 50 °C.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26542

    VIEIRA, ANA C.D.; KODAMA, YASKO ; OTUBO, LARISSA ; SANTOS, PAULO S. ; VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. . Effect of ionizing radiation on the color of featherwork. In: VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. (Ed.); NAGAI, MARIA L.E. (Coord.) INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GAMMA IONIZATION: TECHNOLOGY FOR PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE, 1st, October 25, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, 2019.

    Abstract: Featherwork collections are usually stored and managed by ethnographic museums. Even though the featherwork manufacturing is still practiced by the indigenous communities, the offer of raw material and the contact with the surrounding society ended up reducing the production scale of such objects. Consequently, the preservation of the culture heritage is very important, particularly in museums. Biodegradation can affect featherworks mainly by xylophagous insects and moths’ action. The tropical Brazilian weather contributes to the contamination and proliferation of insects and fungi making the preservation conditions difficult. The use of gamma radiation for the disinfection of cultural heritage objects and archived materials has shown to be a safe process and an excellent alternative to traditional methods usually involving high persistent and toxic chemical pesticides. In this work are presented the preliminary results of the ionizing radiation effects on the color and morphological properties of a featherwork from the Museum of Archeology and Ethnology of the University of São Paulo (MAE/USP). Samples of feathers were selected from the artifact and irradiated with gamma rays at the Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility at IPEN, applying absorbed doses between 0.5 kGy to 200 kGy. Samples were firstly chosen according to feather colors, photographed and analyzed using colorimetry with CIELAB 1976 color space scale and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), just after and 48 hours after the irradiation process. The results shown had no significant changes on color and morphological properties within the disinfection absorbed dose range applied.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26541

    EMILIOZZI, CAROLINE Z.S.; MENEZES, MARIO O. de ; MOREIRA, EDSON G. . Investigation of the parameters affecting patients waiting time in the radiotherapy treatment by using algorithms to evaluate electronic health records. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 21-25, 2019, Santos, SP. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2019. p. 1659-1668.

    Abstract: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and Radiotherapy (RT) is an important modality in the treatment of these patients, which consists in deploying ionising radiation to destroy or damage cancer cells. With this growing global burden, demand for RT has been increasing continuously and supply-demand imbalances have become a major concern. The reason is that delays in radiotherapy can affect the outcome by permitting local proliferation of clonogenic cells and spread of the cancer beyond the treatment volume. Studies show a common cause of anxiety for radiotherapy patients is the fact that they do not know how long they will have to wait for treatment to start. In this study, we analyze the data of electronic health records to attempt to provide a better understanding of the problem and provide an initial estimate of radiotherapy patient’s waiting time. The data for this project comes from a subset of MOSAIQ, a relational database system developed by Elekta and used as an electronic health record system by the Radiation Oncology Department at the Hospital das Clínicas de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). The dataset consists of real historical data collected between January 2016 and December 2018. Visual Basic for application (VBA) and RSTUDIO Software were used to extract and analyze the data. Our work goal is to investigate a set of factors and verify their influence on patient waiting time. Factors as diagnosis, patient’s age, priority of the diagnosis, and the season in which treatment planning has initiated may reveal crucial information about overall efficiency and guide us to improve clinical procedures and practices.

    Palavras-Chave: algorithms; delayed radiation effects; neoplasms; patients; radiotherapy; records management; schedules; time delay

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  • IPEN-DOC 26539

    CASTRO, MAYSA C. de ; SILVA, NATALIA F. da ; CALDAS, LINDA V. E. . Dosimetric tests of an extrapolation chamber in standard computed tomography beams. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 21-25, 2019, Santos, SP. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2019. p. 116-120.

    Abstract: Computed tomography (CT) diagnostic exams are responsible for the highest dose values to the patients. Therefore, the radiation doses in this procedure must be accurate. For the dosimetry of CT beams, the radiation detector is usually a pencil-type ionization chamber. This type of dosimeter presents a uniform response to the incident radiation beam from all angles, which makes it suitable for such equipment since the X-ray tube executes a circular movement around the table during irradiation. However, there is no primary standard system for this kind of radiation beam yet. In order to search for a CT primary standard, an extrapolation chamber built at the Calibration Laboratory (LCI) of the Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN) was tested. An extrapolation chamber is a parallel-plate ionization chamber that allows the variation of its sensitive air volume. This chamber was used previously for low-energy radiation beams and showed results within the international recommended limits. The aim of this work is to perform some characterization tests (saturation curve, polarity effect, ion collection efficiency and linearity of response) considering the chamber depth of 1.25 mm in the radiation qualities for computed tomography beams at the LCI. The results showed to be within the international recommended limits.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26535

    SILVA, PAULO S.C. da ; CAMPOS, MARCIA P. de ; REIS, GUILHERME de L. . Radon concentrations on the nuclear and radioactive instalations of nuclear reactor center – CRPQ/IPEN. In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, October 21-25, 2019, Santos, SP. Proceedings... Rio de Janeiro: Associação Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, 2019. p. 105-115.

    Abstract: Nuclear and radioactive workers are normally exposed to dose resulting from their day by day activities. Besides that, the ubiquitous radon distribution can also contribute for the exposure rates. The radionuclide 222Rn is a noble gas belonging to the uranium series and its indoor concentration in the air depend on exhalation from surrounding soil and on exhalation from building materials. Radon emanating from porous building materials may achieve large relevance in areas with high uranium concentrations and areas with limited ventilation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the 222Rn concentrations in the radiochemistry and radiometric laboratories and in the reactor nuclear building of the Nuclear Reactor Center (CERPq) located in the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN). Measurements were done by using a Radon Gas Monitor, model RAD7, produced by Durridge Company equipped with a solid state alpha detector and a passive method, with SSNTDs placed within small diffusion chambers, as detectors square pieces (2.5 cm × 2.5 cm) of CR 39 foils were used. The CR 39 detectors were etched in KOH 30% solution at 80 °C for 5.5 h in a constant temperature bath. After etching, the detectors were washed, dried, and scanned under a Carl Zeiss microscope to obtain the track density measurements. The activity concentrations varied from 52 to 103 Bq m 3 for the measured areas in CERPq. These values are in accordance with what is stablished by the World Health Organization for safe environments of 100 Bq m 3.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26517

    CAPPUZZELLO, F.; AGODI, C.; ACOSTA, L.; AMADOR-VALENZUELA, P.; AUERBACH, N.; BAREA, J.; BELLONE, J.I.; BELMONT, D.; BIJKER, R.; BONANNO, D.; BORELLO-LEWIN, T.; BOZTOSUN, I.; BRANCHINA, V.; BRASOLIN, S.; BRISCHETTO, G.; BRUNASSO, O.; BURRELLO, S.; CALABRESE, S.; CALABRETTA, L.; CALVO, D.; CAPIROSSI, V.; CARBONE, D.; CAVALLARO, M.; CHEN, R.; CIRALDO, I.; CHAVEZ LOMELI, E.R.; COLONNA, M.; D'AGOSTINO, G.; DJAPO, H.; DE GERONIMO, G.; DELAUNAY, F.; DESHMUKH, N.; FARIA, P.N. de; ESPEJEL, R.; FERRARESI, C.; FERREIRA, J.L.; FERRETTI, J.; FINOCCHIARO, P.; FIRAT, S.; FISICHELLA, M.; FLORES, A.; FOTI, A.; GALLO, G.; GARCIA-TECOCOATZI, H.; GONGORA, B.; HACISALIHOGLU, A.; HAZAR, S.; HUERTA, A.; KOTILA, J.; KUCUK, Y.; IAZZI, F.; LANZALONE, G.; LA VIA, F.; LAY, J.A.; LENSKE, H.; LINARES, R.; LONGHITANO, F.; LO PRESTI, D.; LUBIAN, J.; MA, J.; MARIN-LAMBARRI, D.; MARTINEZ, S.; MAS, J.; MEDINA, N.H.; MENDES, D.R.; MEREU, P.; MORALLES, M. ; OLIVEIRA, J.R.B.; ORDONEZ, C.; PAKOU, A.; PANDOLA, L.; PETRASCU, H.; PIETRALLA, N.; PINNA, F.; REITO, S.; REZA, G.; RIES, P.; RIFUGGIATO, D.; RODRIGUES, M.R.D.; RUSSO, A.D.; RUSSO, G.; SANDOVAL, S.; SANTOPINTO, E.; SANTOS, R.B.B.; SGOUROS, O.; SILVEIRA, M.A.G. da; SOLAKCI, S.O.; SOULIOTIS, G.; SOUKERAS, V.; SPATAFORA, A.; TORRESI, D.; TUDISCO, S.; VSEVOLODOVNA, R.I.M.; VARGAS, H.; VEGA, G.; WANG, J.S.; WERNER, V.; YANG, Y.Y.; YILDIRIN, A.; ZAGATTO, V.A.B.. The NUMEN project @ LNS: status and perspectives. In: MARUYAMA, REINA (Ed.) SYMMETRIES AND ORDER: ALGEBRAIC METHODS IN MANY BODY SYSTEMS, October 5-6, 2018, Connecticut, USA. Proceedings... Melville, NY, USA: AIP Publishing, 2019. p. 030003-1 - 030003-6. (AIP Conference Proceedings, 2150). DOI: 10.1063/1.5124592

    Abstract: The NUMEN project aims at accessing experimentally driven information on Nuclear Matrix Elements (NME) involved in the half-life of the neutrinoless double beta decay (0υββ), by high-accuracy measurements of the cross sections of Heavy Ion (HI) induced Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reactions. Particular interest is given to the (18O,18Ne) and (20Ne,20O) reactions as tools for β+β+ and β-β- decays, respectively. First evidence about the possibility to get quantitative information about NME from experiments is found for both kind of reactions. In the experiments, performed at INFN - Laboratory Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania, the beams are accelerated by the Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) and the reaction products are detected by the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer. The measured cross sections are challengingly low, limiting the present exploration to few selected isotopes of interest in the context of typically low-yield experimental runs. A major upgrade of the LNS facility is foreseen in order to significantly increase the experimental yield, thus making feasible a systematic study of all the cases of interest. Frontiers technologies are going to be developed, to this purpose, for the accelerator and the detection systems. In parallel, advanced theoretical models are developed aiming at extracting the nuclear structure information from the measured cross sections.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26722

    GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. . Proceedings of XLI Brazilian Meeting on Nuclear Physics (RTFNB). Bristol, UK: IOP Publishing, 2019. 246 p. (Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1291). DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1291/1/011001

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear physics; scientific personnel; technology transfer; technology impacts; research programs

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  • IPEN-DOC 26719

    VASQUEZ, PABLO A.S. . Abstract Book of 1st International Symposium on Gamma Ionization: technology for preservation of cultural heritage. São Paulo, SP, 2019. 20 p.

    Palavras-Chave: gamma radiation; ionization; cultural objects; preservation; ionizing radiations

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  • IPEN-DOC 26723

    NUNEZ, SILVIA C.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S.. Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana na Odontologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Elsevier, 2019. 258 p.

    Palavras-Chave: dentistry; oral cavity; microorganisms; antimicrobial agentes; animal tissues; in vitro; therapy; tumor cells; neoplasms; photoconductivity; photoreactivation; light emitting diodes; semiconductor diodes

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  • IPEN-DOC 26714

    LINARDI, MARCELO ; NETTO, ANA P.F.A. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. ; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. de ; CARBONARI, ARTUR W. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; SOARES, CARLOS R.J. ; SILVA, CECILIA C.G. e ; ZAMBONI, CIBELE B. ; PERONI, CIBELE N. ; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de ; ZEZELL, DENISE M. ; LAZAR, DOLORES R.R. ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; MOREIRA, EDSON G. ; LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; FONSECA, EDVALDO R.P. da ; PERINI, EFRAIN A. ; ARAUJO, ELAINE B. de ; MUCCILLO, ELIANA N. dos S. ; CARVALHO, ELITA F.U. de ; BERNARDES, EMERSON S. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. de ; SILVA, FABIANA M. da ; MOREIRA, FERNANDO J.F. ; SILVA, FLAVIA R. de O. ; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. ; ALVES, GLAUCIE J. ; YORIYAZ, HELIO ; COSTA, ISOLDA ; MENGATTI, JAIR ; ROSSI, JESUALDO L. ; OLIVEIRA, JOAO E. de ; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S. ; PERROTTA, JOSE A. ; ROGERO, JOSE R. ; SHORTO, JULIAN M.B. ; SILVA, LEONARDO G. de A. e ; MOLNARY, LESLIE de ; RODRIGUES, LETICIA L.C. ; DIAS, LIGIA E.M.F. ; CALDAS, LINDA V.E. ; POZZO, LORENA ; GENOVA, LUIS A. ; MATSUDA, MARGARETH M.N. ; HAMADA, MARGARIDA M. ; FELINTO, MARIA C.F. da C. ; POTIENS, MARIA da P.A. ; ROSTELATO, MARIA E.C.M. ; MARUMO, MARIA H.B. ; VASCONCELLOS, MARINA B.A. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; COTRIM, MARYCEL E.B. ; NEVES, MAURICIO D.M. das ; MORALLES, MAURICIO ; DIAS, MAURO da S. ; IGAMI, MERY P.Z. ; DURAZZO, MICHELANGELO ; SUZUKI, MIRIAM F. ; SAIKI, MITIKO ; MATHOR, MONICA B. ; VIEIRA JUNIOR, NILSON D. ; BARTOLINI, PAOLO ; SPENCER, PATRICK J. ; SILVA, PAULO S.C. da ; AFFONSO, REGINA ; CARNEIRO, REGINA C.G. ; ROGERO, SIZUE O. ; SAKATA, SOLANGE K. ; CASTANHO, SONIA R.H. de M. ; MAIHARA, VERA A. ; ROSSI, WAGNER de ; CALVO, WILSON A.P. ; KODAMA, YASKO . O IPEN e a saúde. São Paulo, SP: SENAI-SP Editora, 2019. 280 p.

    Palavras-Chave: radiopharmaceuticals; radioactive materials; laser radiation; nuclear medicine; radiotherapy; diagnosis; environmental policy; rmb reactors; reactors

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  • IPEN-DOC 26721

    MORAES, MARCIA C.D. de; MORAES, PAULO N.L. de; ZEZELL, DENISE M. . aPDT em cirurgia de sinus lift e instalação imediata de implantes na presença de fístula oroantral. In: BRUGNERA JUNIOR, ALDO (Coord.); ZANIN, FATIMA (Coord.); NAMOUR, SAMIR (Coord.); SHIBLI, JAMIL A. (Coord.). Laser em odontologia: de clínico para clínico. São Paulo, SP: VW Cultural, 2019. p. 256-262, cap. 27.

    Palavras-Chave: dentistry; photodynamic therapy; microorganisms; anti-infective agents; sinuses

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  • IPEN-DOC 26720

    ZEZELL, DENISE M. ; SILVA JUNIOR, DANIEL S. da; MOTA, CLAUDIA C.B. de O.. Correção minimamente invasiva do sorriso. In: BRUGNERA JUNIOR, ALDO (Coord.); ZANIN, FATIMA (Coord.); NAMOUR, SAMIR (Coord.); SHIBLI, JAMIL A. (Coord.). Laser em odontologia: de clínico para clínico. São Paulo, SP: VW Cultural, 2019. p. 230-237, cap. 24.

    Palavras-Chave: dentistry; lasers; optical fibers; diode tubes

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  • IPEN-DOC 26688

    BARCESSAT, ANA R. ; GURGEL-JUAREZ, NALIA C.; WETTER, NIKLAUS U. . Vital tooth bleaching using different techniques: a clinical evaluation. Future Dental Journal, v. xxx, n. xxx, p. xxx-xxx, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.fdj.2018.11.003

    Abstract: Objectives: This clinical trial aimed to evaluate dental color stabilization after different bleaching techniques. Methods: Four dental bleaching techniques were tested in 60 healthy volunteers aged from 25 to 35 years randomly assigned to four groups. Group 1 (G1): conventional in-office bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide. Group 2 (G2): in-office application of 3% hydrogen peroxide followed by in-office bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide. Group 3 (G3): in-office application of 3% hydrogen peroxide and activation with a light emitting diode (LED) lamp. Group 4 (G4): at-home bleaching using 10% carbamide peroxide. The color of canines and incisors was scored using a digital spectrophotometer to analyze lightness, chroma and hue. Results: All groups resulted in shade change. Lightness increased in all groups with no statistical difference among groups 60 days after finishing the treatment regardless of the technique used (p > 0.05). Differences were found in a short-term evaluation between some groups (p < 0.05). Chroma showed no statistical differences for central incisors after bleaching (p > 0.05). Analyzing canines, G4 showed higher chroma compared to G1 (p < 0.05) and G2 (p < 0.05). For hue, only G2 behaved differently for canines and incisors (p < 0.05). In other groups, hue scores decreased after bleaching. Conclusions: All techniques improved lightness. The addition of 3% hydrogen peroxide to conventional in-office whitening only increased appointment time, but no further benefits were noticed. Clinical relevance: This study is important to help clinicians deciding which is the most suitable dental bleaching for each patient in the current high aesthetic demanding world.

    Palavras-Chave: bleaching; dentistry; teeth; spectrophotometry; peroxides; aesthetics; color; hydrogen peroxide

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  • IPEN-DOC 25904

    MEDEIROS, I.M.M.A. ; ZAMBONI, C.B. ; GIOVANNI, D.N.S. ; MEDEIROS, J.A.G.. Sodium analysis in sweeteners by neutron activation analyses technique. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, v. 1291, p. 1-3, 2019. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1291/1/012021

    Abstract: Evaluation of Sodium in sweeteners is important in nutritional investigations and for consumers: excessive sodium consumption is one of the major risk factors, responsible for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, twelve brands acquired in markets of São Paulo city were analysed by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analyses technique (INAA). The aim was to verify compliance with ANVISA recommendation in relation to sodium level. The results were compared with the amounts recommended and with the tolerable intake limit (< 0.4 g/kg). The sodium concentration in sweeteners samples showed low content for most of the brands. The results shown that for the general population, it is not risk.

    Palavras-Chave: nutrition; food additives; diet; saccharides; sodium; quantitative chemical analysis; neutron activation analysis; government policies; public health; regulations; food industry; saccharose; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 25903

    ZAHN, G.S. ; GENEZINI, F.A. ; RIBEIRO JUNIOR, I. . AnalisaCAEN, a simple software suite to reduce and analyze coincidence data collected using CAEN v1724 digitizer. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, v. 1291, p. 1-3, 2019. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1291/1/012044

    Abstract: In this work a small software suite for the reduction and analysis of coincidence data collected using CAEN’s proprietary software was developed. These software check the output files for coincidences, generate a single list mode file with the coincident events, build histograms for each input, plus a time difference histogram and a 2-detector data matrix, perform time gates and allows for the subtraction of accidental coincidences, and perform energy gating on the final data matrices, generating histograms with the gated spectra. Moreover, the suite has an integrator that guides the user through all the required steps.

    Palavras-Chave: programming languages; computer codes; data processing; digital systems; digitizers; coincidence methods

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  • IPEN-DOC 25902

    ZAHN, G.S. ; GENEZINI, F.A. ; MORALLES, M. ; SIQUEIRA, P.T.D. ; MEDINA, N.H.; AGUIAR, V.A.P.; MACCHIONE, E.L.A.; ADDED, N.; SILVEIRA, M.A.G. da. A proposal to study long-lived isotopes produced by thermal neutron irradiation of digital devices. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, v. 1291, p. 1-3, 2019. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1291/1/012020

    Abstract: In this work, we present a facility to study errors in digital devices exposed to thermal neutrons from a beam hole in the IEA-R1 nuclear reactor, as well as the long-lived isotopes produced in the irradiation of digital electronic devices under a slow neutron field. Preliminary results obtained with the analysis of a 28nm SRAM-based Xilinx Zynq-7000 FPGA are presented.

    Palavras-Chave: isotopes; reactors; digital systems; equipment; neutrons; radiations; iear-1 reactor; electronic equipment; beam holes; thermal neutrons; ionizing radiations

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  • IPEN-DOC 25901

    MIURA, V.M. ; ZAMBONI, C.B. ; TASSO, O.G. ; LEWGOY, H.R. ; JESUS, K.A.; SILVA, R.Y.R.. Investigation of ions in human whole saliva by analytic techniques. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, v. 1291, p. 1-4, 2019. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1291/1/012026

    Abstract: In this study, ions of clinical relevance in non-stimulated human whole saliva obtained from healthy subject’s donors (adults and children) at São Paulo city (Brazil), were investigated. The Instrument Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) techniques were used. The comparison concentration between adults and children for Cl, K, Ca and Fe showed significant differences for all elements, emphasizing the need of adopting different reference values.

    Palavras-Chave: salivary glands; saliva; ions; x-ray fluorescence analysis; fluorescence spectroscopy; neutron activation analysis; body fluids; diagnostic techniques

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  • IPEN-DOC 25900

    GIOVANNI, D.N.S. ; ALMEIDA, M.R. ; ZAMBONI, C.B. ; METAIRON, S. ; BALDUINO, K.N. ; SUZUKI, M.F. ; BUENO JUNIOR, C.R.. Ions concentration in blood samples of SJL/J dystrophic mice strains using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, v. 1291, p. 1-4, 2019. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1291/1/012023

    Abstract: Star This study proposes an investigation of ions in whole blood of the dystrophic animal model SJL/J (mice strain with dysferlin protein deficiency) and in the control group (C57BL/6J) using the Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry technique. The comparison between control and dystrophic mice results shown an increase in blood for P, S, K and Fe (p < 0.05) while a decrease in Ca (p < 0.05). This elemental analysis will contribute to evaluate the best diagnostic, care and treatment procedures, for the Progressive Muscular Dystrophy.

    Palavras-Chave: concentration ratio; ions; blood; animal tissues; muscles; diagnostic techniques; pathological changes; diseases; mice; hereditary diseases; x-ray fluorescence analysis; fluorescence spectroscopy

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  • IPEN-DOC 25899

    ALMEIDA, M.R. ; ZAMBONI, C.B. ; GIOVANNI, D.N.S. ; AZEVEDO, M.R.A.. Sulfur status in judo athletes by XRF. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, v. 1291, p. 1-4, 2019. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1291/1/012011

    Abstract: The human biomonitoring, measurement of chemical and/or their metabolites in human fluids, is an important tool for assessing the health condition of subjects, included athletes. In this study, sulfur levels were investigated in blood of judo athletes using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. Twenty athletes participated of this study. Two groups of athletes were selected: judo with a balanced diet with multivitamin/mineral supplements consumption and judo with diet not controlled. These data were compared with the control group (subjects of the same age but not involved with physical activities). There was a significant increase of S levels in athletes with diet not controlled. These data can be useful to a well-planned nutritional proposition that can contribute to better performance of athletes.

    Palavras-Chave: physiology; metabolism; biological indicators; human populations; interest groups; quantitative chemical analysis; sulfur; nutrition; blood; testing; x-ray fluorescence analysis

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  • IPEN-DOC 26718

    JACOVONE, RAYNARA M.S. ; SOARES, JAQUELINE J.S. ; SOUSA, THAINA S. ; SILVA, FLAVIA R.O. ; GARCIA, RAFAEL H.L. ; NGUYEN, HANG N.; RODRIGUES, DEBORA F.; SAKATA, SOLANGE K. . Antibacterial activity of silver/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite synthesized by sustainable process. Energy, Ecology and Environment, v. 4, n. 6, p. 318-324, 2019. DOI: 10.1007/s40974-019-00136-3

    Abstract: Traditional methods to incorporate metals into graphene oxide (GO) usually require toxic reagents or high temperatures. This study proposes an innovative and sustainable method to incorporate silver (Ag) into graphene oxide using electron beam and evaluate its antibacterial activities. The method is based on green synthesis, without toxic reagents or hazardous wastes, and can be carried out at room temperature, in short reaction times. To synthesize the Ag/rGO nanocomposite, a water/isopropanol solution with dispersed graphene oxide and silver nitrate was submitted to a dose range from 150 to 400 kGy. The product was characterized by thermogravimetry analysis, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The antibacterial activity of Ag/rGO was observed against Gram-negative Escherichia coli by plate count method and atomic force microscopy. The results showed that concentrations as low as 100 lg/mL of produced Ag/rGO were enough to inactivate the cells.

    Palavras-Chave: graphene; nanocomposites; antimicrobial agents; atomic force microscopy; silver; nanoparticles; electron beams; oxides; sustainability; thermal gravimetric analysis; bacteria; antibiotics; escherichia coli

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  • IPEN-DOC 26717

    MORAES, LETICIA P.R. ; MEI, JUN; FONSECA, FABIO C. ; SUN, ZIQI. Two-dimensional metal oxide nanomaterials for sustainable energy applications. In: ZAFEIRATOS, SPYRIDON (Ed.). 2D Nanomaterials for Energy Applications. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 2020. p. 39-72, cap. 2. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-816723-6.00002-2

    Palavras-Chave: nanomaterials; metals; oxides; energy sources

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  • IPEN-DOC 26716

    CARNEIRO NETO, ALBANO N.; TEOTONIO, ERCULES E.S.; SA, GILBERTO F. de; BRITO, HERMI F.; LEGENDZIEWICZ, JANINA; CARLOS, LUIS D.; FELINTO, MARIA C.F.C. ; GAWRYSZEWSKA, PAULA; MOURA JUNIOR, RENALDO T.; LONGO, RICARDO L.; FAUSTINO, WAGNER M.; MALTA, OSCAR L.. Modeling intramolecular energy transfer in lanthanide chelates: a critical review and recent advances. In: BUNZLI, JEAN-CLAUDE G. (Ed.); PECHARSKY, VITALIJ K. (Ed.). Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths. Amsterdam, Netherlands: North-Holland, 2019. p. 55-162, v. 56, cap. 310. DOI: 10.1016/bs.hpcre.2019.08.001

    Palavras-Chave: rare earths; energy transfer; molecules; chelates; optical properties; physical properties

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  • IPEN-DOC 26715

    VILLIBOR, FERNANDA F.; GUILHEN, SABINE N. ; DANTAS, ELIZABETH S.K. ; PIRES, MARIA A.F. . Mercury exposure among dental staff in the Legal Amazon. In: CATAPAN, EDILSON A. (Org.). Ciências da saúde: conceitos e perspectivas. São José dos Pinhais, PR: Brazilian Journals Editora, 2019. p. 198-211, v. 1, cap. 14.

    Abstract: Elemental mercury is highly toxic and may be absorbed by dental professionals through direct skin contact or inhalation. The use of mercury in dental amalgam has been a concern of the academic community for years, for its incorporation is likely to affect vital organ systems. Several studies have been conducted to address the possible risks of occupational exposure to mercury vapor in dental offices. The present study aimed to present evidences that mercury is assimilated by exposed workers through the determination of urinary mercury (HgU) from dental professionals (n = 91) of public offices in Araguaína (Tocantins, Brazil). This uptake was verified against samples from unexposed individuals (n = 43), which activities are not dentistry related. Cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS) technique enabled the subjects’ biological monitoring. Approximately 44.8% (n = 60) of the 134 participants were aged between 21 and 30 years and were at the beginning of their professional lives; 9.7% (13) of the study participants were men and 90.3% (121) were women. Hg concentrations in all samples analyzed were within the maximum biological limit set by the World Health Organization (WHO) (<50 μgHg·L−1). HgU concentrations in dental professionals were within the limits proposed by the Brazilian regulatory standard, Regulatory Norm-7 (RN-7) (≤35 μgHg·g−1 creatinine). Nevertheless, the average concentration of HgU was approximately 8 times higher in the potentially exposed group (5.61 μgHg·g−1 creatinine) than in the unexposed group (0.65 μgHg·g−1 creatinine), highlighting the potential risk of occupational exposure to mercury.

    Palavras-Chave: dentistry; mercury; occupational exposure; mercury alloys; monitoring; absorption spectroscopy; validation

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  • IPEN-DOC 26713

    ORTIZ, NILCE . Green water treatment for pharmaceutical pollution. In: EYVAZ, MURAT (Ed.). Green Chemistry Applications. London, UK: IntechOpen, 2019. p. 1-21, cap. 5. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85116

    Abstract: Environmental sustainability demands the advancement in water treatment and the use of lighting natural resources. Brazil has one of the most stable and intense solar irradiation in the world. It has to be used not only for energy generation purposes but also and mostly for water treatment, water quality polishment, and furthermore water disinfection. The chapter performs a comparison of different green technologies for water treatment as natural solar irradiation, simulated solar photolysis, solar photo-Fenton with and without hydrogen peroxide addition (solar/ Fe), solar photo-Fenton with and without peroxide (solar/Fe/H2O2), titanium oxide-mediated photocatalysis (UV/TiO2), photolysis under UV irradiation, and UV treatment with hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2). The chapter describes the solar photodecomposition calculations for pharmaceuticals and the emerging pollutants mostly found in polluted waters, including the decomposition route, kinetics, and process parameters. Many published works to point out the important properties to evaluate catalyzer and semiconductor materials after their use in photodecomposition processes. The essay includes the solar photodecomposition of dyes, carbamazepine, hormones, acetaminophen, antipyrine, bisphenol A, antibiotics, and the photodecomposition by-products. Finally, the chapter presents the synergistic effect between them with the probable mechanism and mineralization degree.

    Palavras-Chave: water treatment; solar radiation; waste water; drugs; antibiotics; decomposition; titanium oxides

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  • IPEN-DOC 26712

    FREITAS, ARTUR C. de ; SANSONE, ALBERTO E. dos S.; DURAZZO, MICHELANGELO ; CARVALHO, ELITA F.U. de . Densificação do combustível nuclear UO2-Er2O3 fabricado por mistura a seco. In: ANDRADE, DARLY F. (Ed.). Engenharia no Século XXI. Belo Horizonte, MG: Poisson, 2019. p. 38-46, v. 5, cap. 5. DOI: 10.5935/978-85-7042-121-0

    Abstract: A rota de mistura mecânica a seco é o processo mais atrativo para realizar incorporação de absorvedores devido à sua simplicidade. Utilizando esta rota, o presente trabalho investigou o comportamento de sinterização do combustível misto UO2-Er2O3. A sinterização de combustível UO2-Er2O3 ocorreu com dois estágios nas curvas de taxa de retração, chamado de bloqueio de sinterização, também visto na sinterização do combustível UO2-Gd2O3. As partículas de óxido de érbio solubilizam na matriz de UO2, deixando um poro característico e um gradiente de concentração ao redor, causado pelo efeito Kirkendall. Estes resultados confirmam que a sinterabilidade depende diretamente da qualidade da homogeneização dos pós, como visto na literatura.

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear fuels; uranium; erbium; fuel densification; gadolinium oxides

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  • IPEN-DOC 26711

    ABE, ALFREDO ; SILVA, ANTONIO T. e ; GIOVEDI, CLAUDIA; MELO, CAIO; GOMES, DANIEL de S. ; MUNIZ, RAFAEL R.. Development and application of modified fuel performance code based on stainless steel as cladding under steady state, transient and accident conditions. In: . Fuel Modelling in Accident Conditions (FUMAC). Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2019. p. 55-81, (IAEA-TECDOC-1889 - ANNEX II).

    Abstract: The IPEN/CNEN proposal for FUMAC-CRP was to modified fuel performance codes (FRAPCON and FRAPTRAN) in order to assess the behavior of fuel rod using stainless steel as cladding and compare to zircaloy cladding performance under steady state and accident condition. The IFA 650- 9, IFA-650-10 and UFA-650-11experiments were modelled to perform the LOCA accident simulation considering the original cladding and compared to stainless steel cladding.

    Palavras-Chave: cladding; comparative evaluations; computer codes; fuel rods; loss of coolant; reactor accident simulation; stainless steels; steady-state conditions; zircaloy

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  • IPEN-DOC 26710

    LIMA, SAMIA R.M. ; FAUSTINO, MAINARA G. ; SANTOS, EDDY B. dos ; SILVA, TATIANE B.S.C. da ; PIRES, MARIA A.F. ; COTRIM, MARYCEL E.B. . Caracterização das frações de fósforo no sedimento superficial dos rios Aracaí, Carambeí e Guaçu na cidade de São Roque/SP. In: MACHADO, FELIPE S. (Org.); MOURA, ALOYSIO S. de (Org.). Educação, Meio Ambiente e Território 3. Ponta Grossa, PR: Atena Editora, 2019. p. 123-136, v. 3, cap. 12. DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.442192102

    Abstract: O fósforo é um elemento essencial para todas as formas de vida na Terra, podendo ser introduzido no ambiente aquático através de fontes naturais ou antropogênicas. A avaliação deste elemento em ecossistemas aquáticos é de suma importância, uma vez que ele atua na regulação da produtividade primária. Logo, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a distribuição e fracionamento do fósforo nos sedimentos dos principais rios do Município de São Roque a fim de verificar a contribuição do fósforo no processo de eutrofização, além dos demais impactos antrópicos que possam implicar na qualidade das águas dos rios da região. Para tanto, foram avaliados 5 pontos amostrais e determinadas as concentração de fósforo, juntamente com os parâmetros físico-químicos (granulometria, pH, e matéria orgânica). Os teores de sedimentos finos e de matéria orgânica foram os principais parâmetros ambientais correlacionados com as frações de fósforo. O método analítico utilizado foi o Protocolo desenvolvido pelo Standards, Measurements and Testing (SMT), que fracionou o fósforo nos sedimentos em total (PT), inorgânico (PI), orgânico (PO), não apatítico (PINA) e apatítico (PIA). Foi verificado eu as maiores concentrações ocorreram nos sedimentos do ponto G4 com 456,9 mg kg-1 para PT e que os teores de PI foram maiores que os de PO na maioria dos pontos.

    Palavras-Chave: phosphors; sediments; fractionation; standards; testing; analytic functions

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  • IPEN-DOC 26709

    NUNEZ, SILVIA C.; BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana: aplicação clínica, conceitos e perspectivas em odontologia. In: NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Ed.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Ed.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S. (Ed.). PDT - Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana na Odontologia. 2 ed.. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2019. p. 149-158, cap. 14.

    Palavras-Chave: photodynamic therapy; antimicrobial agents; dentistry; photosensitivity; radiation sources

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  • IPEN-DOC 26708

    MIYAKAWA, WALTER; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Métodos de microscopia para a análise do efeito antimicrobiano da terapia fotodinâmica. In: NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Ed.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Ed.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S. (Ed.). PDT - Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana na Odontologia. 2 ed.. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2019. p. 139-148, cap. 13.

    Palavras-Chave: microscopy; photodynamic therapy; microorganisms; optical microscopy; equipment

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  • IPEN-DOC 26707

    TEDESCO, ANTONIO C.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; PAULA, LEONARDO B. de. Novas tecnologias em fotossensibilizadores para a terapia fotodinâmica. In: NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Ed.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Ed.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S. (Ed.). PDT - Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana na Odontologia. 2 ed.. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2019. p. 43-53, cap. 5.

    Palavras-Chave: photodynamic therapy; antimicrobial agents; commercialization; photosensitivity; nanotechnology; polymers; compatibility

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  • IPEN-DOC 26706

    SABINO, CAETANO P.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Dosimetria na terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana. In: NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Ed.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Ed.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S. (Ed.). PDT - Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana na Odontologia. 2 ed.. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2019. p. 23-32, cap. 3.

    Palavras-Chave: therapy; dosimetry; antimicrobial agents; photosensitivity; photodynamic therapy

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  • IPEN-DOC 26705

    FAINTUCH, BLUMA L. ; FAINTUCH, SALOMAO. Nanotheranostics in oncology and drug development for imaging and therapy. In: FAINTUCH, JOEL (Ed.); FAINTUCH, SALOMAO (Ed.). Precision Medicine for Investigators, Practitioners and Providers. London, UK: Academic Press, 2020. p. 453-458, cap. 44. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819178-1.00044-7

    Palavras-Chave: theranostics; nanotechnology; neoplasms; nanomaterials; drugs; nanoparticles; carcinogenesis

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  • IPEN-DOC 26704

    FUNGARO, DENISE A. ; ROVANI, SUZIMARA ; BERTOLINI, THARCILA C.R. ; FILHO, FLAMARION F. . Removal of Crystal Violet dye from aqueous solution using ash-based adsorbent materials. In: DUFFET, VICTOR (Ed.). Crystal Violet: Production, Applications and Precautions. Hauppauge, NY, USA: Nova Science Publishers, 2019. p. 1-40, cap. 3.

    Abstract: Crystal Violet (CV) is widely used for various purposes and enters into the aquatic systems from the effluents of textile, paint, medical and biotechnological industries. A considerable amount of this dye is lost during manufacturing and processing operations. Contaminated wastewater containing CV must be treated before releasing in the environment because it is highly cytotoxic and carcinogenic to mammalian cells, present mitotic poisoning nature and is nonbiodegradable being classified as a recalcitrant molecule. This chapter reports the removal of CV dye from water using surfactant-modified zeolite from coal fly ash (MZSF), surfactant-modified zeolite from coal bottom ash (MZSB) and nanosilica from sugarcane waste ash (SiO2NP). The adsorbent materials were characterized to obtain chemical and mineralogical composition and others physicochemical properties. The adsorption kinetic of CV onto adsorbents was discussed using the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and Elovich models. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to describe the equilibrium adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacities were 36.7 mg g-1 and 21.1 mg g-1 for CV/MZSF and CV/MZSB, respectively. The adsorption process of CV/SiO2NP achieves equilibrium in 60 min of contact time, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 117.98 mg g-1. Application of the adsorbent materials synthesized from agricultural waste and coal combustion products can ensure the sustainability and cost-effectiveness of treating effluent containing CV dye, especially effluent from the textile industries generated in large quantity.

    Palavras-Chave: methyl violet; zeolites; coal; ashes; silica; nanomaterials

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  • IPEN-DOC 26703

    CARDOSO, ELIZABETH C.L. ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; SCAGLIUSI, SANDRA R. ; SALES, RICARDO M. ; CAVIQUIOLI, FERNANDO ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Study of bio-based foams prepared from PBAT/PLA reinforced with bio-calcium carbonate and compatibilized with gamma radiation. In: ALMAYAHI, BASIM (Ed.). Use of Gamma Radiation Techniques in Peaceful Applications. London, UK: IntechOpen, 2019. p. 1-17, cap. 9. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85462

    Abstract: Foamed polymers are future materials, considered “green materials” due to their properties with very low consumption of raw materials; they can be used to ameliorate appearance of structures besides contributing for thermal and acoustic insulation. Nevertheless, waste disposal has generated about 20–30% of total of solid volume in landfills besides prejudicing flora and fauna by uncontrolled disposal. The development of biodegradable polymers aims to solve this problem, considering that in 2012, bio-plastics market was evaluated in 1.4 million tons produced and in 2017 attained 6.2 million tons. Biodegradable polymers as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) are thermoplastics which can be processed using the most conventional polymer processing methods. PLA is high in strength and modulus but brittle, while PBAT is flexible and tough. In order to reduce interfacial tension exhibited by PLA/PBAT blends, it was used as compatibilizing agent 5 phr of PLA previously gamma-radiated at 150 kGy. Ionizing radiation induces compatibilization by free radicals, improving the dispersion and adhesion of blend phases, without using chemical additives and at room temperature. As a reinforcement agent, calcium carbonate from avian eggshell waste was used, at 10 ph of micro particles, 125 μm. Admixtures were further processed in a singlescrew extruder, using CO2 as physical blowing agent (PBA). Property investigations were performed by DSC, TGA, XRD, SEM, FTIR, and mechanical essays.

    Palavras-Chave: butenes; gamma radiation; eggs; shells; compatibility; polymers

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  • IPEN-DOC 26702

    DIAS, RENAN A.F. ; MONTEIRO, WALDEMAR A. . Análise de textura da LIGA 600 após processamento por ECAP e tratamentos térmicos. In: ANDRADE, DARLY F. (Ed.). Engenharia no Século XXI. Belo Horizonte, MG: Poisson, 2019. p. 112-119, v. 7, cap. 13. DOI: 10.36229/978-85-7042-161-6.CAP.13

    Abstract: A difração de raios X é uma importante técnica de caracterização de materiais metálicos, ela pode ser utilizada para análise qualitativa, revelando as fases e a estrutura cristalina, ou quantitativa, podendo revelar composição, tamanho de grão (cristalito) e orientação preferencial (textura). Neste trabalho foi analisada a textura cristalográfica (deformação e recozimento) da superliga de níquel, Inconel 600 (liga 600), após processamento pela técnica de ECAP, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, e posterior tratamentos térmicos. Foram analisados os planos {111}, {200} e {220}, devido à estrutura CFC do material, na direção normal à secção transversal. A análise da amostra de 3 passes sem tratamento térmico retornou uma textura associada aos planos e direções {111}<110>. Para as amostras recozidas foi identificada uma evolução na textura ligada aos planos e direções {113}<110>, {101}<110> e {332}<110> e uma variação da textura ligada aos planos e direções {223}<110> e {332}<110>.

    Palavras-Chave: nickel alloys; texture; pressing; inconel 600

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  • IPEN-DOC 26451

    MACHADO, JOÃO P.S.L.; JELINEK, ANDREA R.; BICCA, MARCOS M.; STEPHENSON, RANDELL; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. . West Gondwana orogenies and Pangaea break-up: thermotectonic effects on the southernmost Mantiqueira Province, Brazil. Journal of the Geological Society, v. 176, n. 6, p. 1056-1075, 2019. DOI: 10.1144/jgs2019-018

    Abstract: Through the joint use of apatite fission tracks (AFT) and (U–Th)/He analysis in apatite (AHe) and zircon (ZHe), we evaluate the thermotectonic evolution of the Sul-Rio-Grandense Shield (SRGS), southernmost Mantiqueira Province, Brazil. Formed during the assembly of West Gondwana (Neoproterozoic), the shield comprises four tectonostratigraphic terranes separated by regional faults and shear zones. The central and eastern terranes present Mesozoic AFT ages, whereas the western terrane ages are mostly late Paleozoic. AHe ages show considerable dispersion, although most are Mesozoic. ZHe ages from the east are early Permian, whereas the west presents Devonian ages. Inverse thermal modelling indicates a Devonian to Carboniferous cooling phase in the west, time correlated with orogenies occurring at the SW margin of Gondwana, which affected the regional geodynamics and are possibly linked to limited uplift of the shield. From the Permian to Jurassic a major cooling phase took place in the SRGS, probably related to lithosphere thinning and uplift preceding the South Atlantic rifting. Samples closer to the Atlantic coast suggest a subtle reheating after this event, provisionally linked to a geothermal disturbance related to ocean opening and associated magmatism. A final post-Paleocene cooling phase towards surface conditions affected the entire SRGS.

    Palavras-Chave: geologic history; tectonics; age estimation; earth crust; fission tracks; sedimentary basins; apatites; zircon; temperature dependence; brazil; thermal analysis

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  • IPEN-DOC 26534

    SANTOS, GIVANILDO A. dos; GUIMARÃES, MARCOS de A.; AGUIAR, HERBERT C.G. de; NASCIMENTO, MAURICIO S.; SANTOS, VINICIUS T. dos; SILVA, MARCIO R. da; COUTO, ANTONIO A. ; BATALHA, GILMAR F.. Análise do acabamento superficial na usinagem de liga de bronze-alumínio-níquel sem utilização de fluido de corte / Analysis of surface finish in machining of bronze-aluminum-nickel alloy without using cutting fluid. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA DE FABRICAÇÃO, 10., 5-7 de agosto, 2019, São Carlos, SP. Anais... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Associação Brasileira de Engenharia e Ciências Mecânicas, 2019.

    Abstract: As ligas bronze-alumínio-níquel têm usinabilidade de 20 a 40% comparada com o latão de corte livre, de forma que os parâmetros de corte destas ligas podem diferir bastante dos utilizados para outras ligas de cobre e a ausência de contaminação por fluidos de corte possibilita um maior valor na venda dos cavacos, encorajando a utilização de usinagem sem refrigeração. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o comportamento quanto ao acabamento superficial na usinagem da liga bronze-alumínio-níquel CuAl10Ni5Fe5 com pastilha de metal duro em diferentes velocidades de corte, sem utilização de fluido de corte (refrigerante). Os resultados mostraram menor valor e maior estabilidade da rugosidade em condições de velocidades de corte mais altas.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26701

    BERUSKI, OTAVIO ; KORKISCHKO, IVAN ; LOPES, THIAGO ; FONSECA, FABIO C. ; PEREZ, JOELMA. A hybrid serpentine-interdigitated flow channel geometry for fuel cells. In: ENERGY TRANSITION RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, October 1-2, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo: Research Centre for Gas Innovation, 2019.

    Abstract: Fuel cells have impressive potential for decarbonization and as high efficiency power sources, however many challenges have yet to be addressed for large scale deployment and uptake. Among the many noteworthy lines of research underway, investigating the best flow field in a given device has been carried a number of times, with perhaps limited success regarding performance improvement. As a possible final attempt to look over such matters individually, from the component point of view, we propose yet another flow channel geometry for small-scale fuel cells, in particular polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). The proposed geometry incorporates elements from the two most studied geometries, namely single serpentine and interdigitated. The rationale is that serpentine channels have large pressure drop, thus aiding in water removal, while interdigitated promises to deliver large quantities of reactants to the catalyst. However both seem to fail where the other excels, and thus devices are left to compromises. The new geometry, as well as its inspirations, are simulated in a previously validated computational model, further improved and with high spatial resolution, of a prototype PEFC cathode. The model is isothermic, non-electrochemical and disregards water, as the experimental system. However it has been shown to be useful when studying PEFCs, and a secondary goal of this work is to corroborate this. Comparing simulation results between geometries, it is seen that the hybrid geometry does inherit the characteristics of interest, i.e. high reactant utilization and pressure drop, suggesting it may be of use in real PEFCs. Finally, a niche application is proposed based on the reaction rate distribution of the hybrid geometry.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26700

    LOPES, THIAGO ; BERUSKI, OTAVIO ; KORKISCHKO, IVAN ; MANTHANWAR, AMIT M.; PISTIKOPOULOS, EFSTRATIOS N.; FONSECA, FABIO C. ; MENEGHINI, JULIO R.; KUCERNAK, ANTHONY R.. Unveiling fundamental transport phenomena in fuel cells. In: ENERGY TRANSITION RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, October 1-2, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo: Research Centre for Gas Innovation, 2019.

    Abstract: In situ and ex situ spatially-resolved techniques are employed to investigate reactant distribution and its impacts in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Temperature distribution data provides further evidence for secondary flows inferred from reactant imaging data, highlighting the contribution of convection in heat as well as reactant distribution. Water build-up from neutron tomography is linked to component degradation, matching the pattern seen in the reactant distribution and thus suggesting that high, nonuniform local current densities shape degradation patterns in fuel cells. The correlations shown between different techniques confirm the use of the versatile reactant imaging technique, which is used to compare commonly used flow field designs. Among serpentine-type designs, the single serpentine is superior in both equivalent current density and reactant distribution, showing large contributions from convective flow. On the other hand, the interdigitated design is shown to produce larger equivalent current densities, while showing a somewhat poorer reactant distribution. Considering the correlations drawn between the techniques, this suggests that the interdigitated design compromises durability in favour of power output. The results highlight how established techniques provide a robust background for the use of a new and flexible imaging technique toward designing advanced flow fields for practical fuel cell applications.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26699

    NANDENHA, JULIO ; YAMASHITA, JESSICA Y. ; FONTES, ERIC H. ; FONSECA, FABIO C. ; NETO, ALMIR O. . Electrocatalytic oxidation of methane in an acidic electrolyte using PdMn/C-ITO electrocatalysts synthetized by sodium borohydride reduction process. In: ENERGY TRANSITION RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, October 1-2, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo: Research Centre for Gas Innovation, 2019.

    Abstract: Pd/C-ITO and PdMn/C-ITO electrocatalysts with different atomic ratio (90:10, 70:30 and 50:50) were synthetized by borohydride reduction method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Transmission electronic microscopy and electrochemical studies (cyclic voltammetry). The electrochemical studies showed that PdMn(50:50)/C-ITO had superior performance for electrochemical oxidation of methane in an acidic electrolyte at 25 oC compared to others electrocatalysts prepared. The experiments in a single DMEFC also showed that the PdMn(70:30)/C-ITO electrocatalyst exhibited higher performance for methane oxidation in comparison with Pd/C-ITO, PdMn(90:10)/C-ITO and PdMn(50:50)/C-ITO electrocatalysts. These result indicated that the addition of Mn to Pd favor the electrochemical oxidation of Methane in acid medium, where this effect could be attributed to the synergy between the constituents of the binary electrocatalysts or to electronic modification of Pd atoms by the neighboring Mn atoms as the proximity of Pd and Mn atoms on the surface of the C-ITO (bifunctional mechanism - the presence of Pd and Mn oxides species).

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  • IPEN-DOC 26698

    SANTOS, MONIQUE C.L. ; NUNES, LIVIA C. ; SILVA, LUIS M.G. ; RAMOS, ANDREZZA S. ; FONSECA, FABIO C. ; SOUZA, RODRIGO F.B. de ; NETO, ALMIR O. . Direct Alkaline Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell to converting methane into methanol. In: ENERGY TRANSITION RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, October 1-2, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo: Research Centre for Gas Innovation, 2019.

    Abstract: Methane is the main constituent of natural gas and can be converted in energy with fuel cell application and higher value-added chemicals cogeneration. In Alkaline Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (AAEMFC) is possible led in a way that leads to more oxidized products, therefore more electrons transferred. The investigation was realized for the methane oxidation on Pt/C, Pd/C, Ni/C as catalysts. The electrocatalysts were prepared using a sodium borohydride method with 20 wt% of metals loading on carbon. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a cubic face-centred structure (CFC) for Pt/C and Pd/C catalysts, was observed Ni/NiO phases for Ni/C electrocatalyst. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) exhibited a good dispersion of nanoparticles and some agglomerations on the support, with a mean size of 6.4 nm for Pd/C, 5.7 nm for Ni/C and near to 2 nm size for Pt/C. The experiments with AAEMFC showed that all materials can carry out the reaction spontaneously. Pt/C catalyst presents energy density twice times higher than the other materials. FTIR data suggest that methane was converted into small products organic molecules such as methanol and formate in different potentials for Pt/C, Pd/C, and Ni/C.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26697

    LIVINALLI, MARINA M.; RODRIGUES, LAYS N. ; FONSECA, FABIO C. . Reducing the sintering temperature of solid oxide fuel cells by controlling the shape of ceria-based eletrolyte nanoparticles. In: ENERGY TRANSITION RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, October 1-2, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo: Research Centre for Gas Innovation, 2019.

    Abstract: The development of solid oxide fuel cells operating at intermediate temperature (IT-SOFCs) and using carbonaceous fuels to generate power have been crucial for the widespread commercialization of SOFCs. Gadolinium-doped cerium oxide (CGO) is known to display the desired properties to be used both as a high ionic conductor electrolyte at intermediate temperatures and as an active layer in the anode due to its catalytic properties for the decomposition of fuels containing hydrocarbons. In this study IT-SOFCs were fabricated with highly reactive nanorods of CGO electrolyte powder with shape controlled by a hydrothermal synthesis developed in this project. The tested fuel cell system consists of the CGO electrolyte support, lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF) cathode and Ni/CGO anode. The performance of the cell was evaluated with hydrogen as a fuel and air as an oxidant at temperatures between 500–700 °C, further work will be carried out to evaluated the performance of the cell when operating with natural gas. The experimental results indicate that a high-performance IT-SOFC can be obtained with a relatively low temperature (1.150 􀀀C) two-step sintering of the ceriabased layers.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26696

    LANDULFO, EDUARDO ; MACEDO, FERNANDA M. ; CORREA, THAIS ; ARAUJO, ELAINE ; ANDRADE, IZABEL ; ARLEQUES, ANTONIO G. ; MIRANDA, JULIANA T. de M. ; SILVA, JONATAN da ; GUARDANI, ROBERTO. Implementation of CH4 (methane) Raman lidar detection system from anthropic sources. In: ENERGY TRANSITION RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, October 1-2, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo: Research Centre for Gas Innovation, 2019.

    Abstract: Fugitive emissions, defined as unintended or irregular leaks of gases and vapors, are an important source of air pollution that is difficult to monitor and control. Within industrial facilities such as oil and gas processing plants, fugitive methane emissions can be a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. In Brazil, as in other countries, there are specific regions with high concentration of industrial activities, and showing high population density. These sites, including megacities like São Paulo, are growing in size and economic activity. At the same time, there is a remarkable growth in concerns about the environmental issues associated with these activities. In a constantly changing world, with increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs), among them methane (CH4) and volatile organic compounds (VOC), mitigation of atmospheric emission these gases to contain global warming, is of key concern, gas data suggest that fugitive emissions accounted for more than 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions over the past 5 years. Optical remote sensing techniques as lidar can attend the need for real time and trustable information on fugitive emissions. These techniques are non-intrusive, of relative simple construction, thus demanding less maintenance, and are able to provide data from distant locations with a high spatial resolution, typically up to 20 km from the measuring local, and 3 to 4 m long segments. Besides, information on different pollutants can be obtained simultaneously by adequate optical arrangements and data treatment methods. The technique can supply adequate information at lower costs and less effort than other techniques. The Cavity Ringdown Laser Spectroscopy (CRDS) technique was adopted because it is widely used in the detection of gas samples that absorb light at specific wavelengths and also for their ability to detect mole fractions up to the parts per trillion level. The correlation of the data between the techniques of real-time detection becomes interesting, since practical operations, fast and with a high level of sensitivity and precision are made. The mixing ratio of CH4 can be observed within the planetary boundary layer. The measured methane profiles correlate with the acquisitions made with the CRDS, however, an additional contribution of control data in which the Raman lines detect with high sensitivity.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26695

    GUILHEN, SABINE N. . The importance of pyrolytic temperature on biochar configuration as uranium adsorbent material. Advances in Engineering, 2019.

    Palavras-Chave: chars; coal; adsorbents; uranium; radioactive wastes; pyrolytic carbon; radioisotopes

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  • IPEN-DOC 25794

    SANTANA, JESSICA C.C. de C.; SILVA, REJANE M.P. da ; ANTUNES, RENATO A.; SANTOS, SYDNEY F.. Surface analysis, microstructural characterization and local corrosion processes in decarburized SAE 9254 spring steel. Corrosion, v. 75, n. 12, p. 1474-1486, 2019. DOI: 10.5006/3234

    Abstract: The aim of the present work was to study the surface chemistry, microstructure and local corrosion processes at the decarburized layer of the SAE 9254 automotive spring steel. The samples were austenitized at 850 and 900 °C, and oil quenched. The microstructure was investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The surface chemistry was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization were employed to assess the global corrosion behavior of the decarburized samples. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was used to evaluate the influence of decarburization on the local corrosion activity. Microstructural characterization and XPS analysis indicate a dependence of the local electrochemical processes with the steel microconstituents and Si oxides in the decarburized layer.

    Palavras-Chave: surfaces; microstructure; corrosion; microscopy; optical microscopy; springs; steels; decarburization; x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; electrochemical cells; standards

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  • IPEN-DOC 26499

    AGODI, C.; CAPPUZZELLO, F.; ACOSTA, L.; ALTANA, C.; AMADOR-VALENZUELA, P.; AUERBACH, N.; BAREA, J.; BELLONE, J.I.; BIJKER, R.; BONANNO, D.; BORELLO-LEWIN, T.; BOZTOSUN, I.; BRANCHINA, V.; BRASOLIN, S.; BRISCHETTO, G.; BRUNASSO, O.; BURRELLO, S.; CALABRESE, S.; CALABRETTA, L.; CALVO, D.; CAPIROSSI, V.; CARBONE, D.; CAVALLARO, M.; CHEN, R.; CHARON GARCIA, L.E.; CHAVEZ LOMELI, E.R.; CIRALDO, I.; COLONNA, M.; D’AGOSTINO, G.; DJAPO, H.; GERONIMO, G. de; DELAUNAY, F.; DE LOS RIOS, K.; DESHMUKH, N.; FERRARESI, C.; FERREIRA, J.L.; FERRETTI, J.; FINOCCHIARO, P.; FIRAT, S.; FISICHELLA, M.; FOTI, A.; GALLO, G.; GARCIA-TECOCOATZI, H.; HACISALIHOGLU, A.; HUERTA-HERNANDEZ, A.; KOTILA, J.; KUCUK, Y.; IAZZI, F.; LA FAUCI, L.; LANZALONE, G.; LA VIA, F.; LAY, J.A.; LENSKE, H.; LINARES, R.; LO PRESTI, D.; LUBIAN, J.; MA, J.; MARIN-LAMBARRI, D.; MAS RUIZ, J.; MEDINA, N.H.; MENDES, D.R.; MEREU, P.; MORALLES, M. ; NERI, L.; OLIVEIRA, J.R.B.; PAKOU, A.; PANDOLA, L.; PETRASCU, H.; PIETRALLA, N.; PINNA, F.; REITO, S.; RIES, P.; RODRIGUES, M.R.D.; RUSSO, A.D.; RUSSO, G.; SANTOPINTO, E.; SANTOS, R.B.B.; SERBINA, L.; SGOUROS, O.; SILVEIRA, M.A.G. da; SOLAKCI, S.O.; SOULIOTIS, G.; SOUKERAS, V.; SPATAFORA, A.; TORRESI, D.; TUDISCO, S.; VSEVOLODOVNA, R.I.M.; VARGAS HERNANDEZ, H.; WANG, J.S.; WERNER, V.; YANG, Y.Y.; YILDIRIM, A.; ZAGATTO, V.A.B.. Recent results on Heavy-Ion induced reactions of interest for 0νββ decay. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, v. 1308, p. 1-5, 2019. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1308/1/012002

    Abstract: An updated overview of recent results on Heavy-Ion induced reactions of interest for neutrinoless double beta decay is reported in the framework of the NUMEN project. The NUMEN idea is to study heavy-ion induced Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reactions with the aim to get information on the nuclear matrix elements for neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay. Moreover, to infer the neutrino average masses from the possible measurement of the half- life of 0νββ decay, the knowledge of the nuclear matrix elements is a crucial aspect.

    Palavras-Chave: double beta decay; nuclear matrix; heavy ions; beta decay; magnetic spectrometers; neutrinos; infn

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  • IPEN-DOC 26694

    QUITERO, MAYRA F.Z.; SIRIANI, LUCIANA K.; AZEVEDO, CYNTHIA S. de; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. de ; SCARAMUCCI, TAIS; SIMIONATO, MARIA R.L.; MATOS, ADRIANA B.. Optical coherence tomography and polarized light microscopy for the evaluation of artificial caries: a preliminary study. General Dentistry, v. 67, n. 1, p. e1-e6, 2019.

    Abstract: This study was designed to investigate whether there is a correlation between the findings of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) when these techniques are used to evaluate standard enamel white-spot lesions developed by distinct cariogenic challenges. Bovine enamel fragments (N = 168) were randomly allocated into 6 experimental groups according to the microbiologic model (Streptococcus mutans UA159, Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 33478, or mixed S mutans and S sobrinus) and carbohydrate sources (1% sucrose or combined 1% sucrose and 1% starch). Specimens were examined by OCT and PLM every day within a period of 7 days. Five measurements of demineralization depth were recorded for each specimen, and means were calculated. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α = 0.05), and a correlation test was performed. All cariogenic challenges created sub-superficial lesions. In both the OCT and PLM analyses, the demineralization depth reached its peak between days 6 and 7 of the cariogenic challenge, except for the group challenged with S sobrinus supplemented with combined sucrose and starch; for that group, demineralization peaked on day 5 in the OCT analysis. There was a significant correlation between OCT and PLM (P = 0.00; r = 0.842). This preliminary study suggests that OCT is a reliable, nondestructive method to measure the demineralization depth of enamel whitespot lesions, which can be useful for the laboratory and has potential for clinical studies. Using the 1% sucrose and S mutans model for 6 days is a simple and effective method to induce enamel caries–like lesions without compromising the depth and morphologic features of the obtained lesions.

    Palavras-Chave: tomography; optical equipment; coherent radiation; optical tomography; polarized beams; dentistry; caries; bacteria; enamels; microbial processes; streptococcus; statistical data

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  • IPEN-DOC 26693

    SCAGLIUSI, SANDRA R. ; CARDOSO, ELISABETH C.L. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Radiation effects on crosslinking of butyl rubber compounds. Acta Scientific Microbiology, v. 2, n. 9, p. 160-164, 2019. DOI: 10.31080/ASMI.2019.02.0356

    Abstract: When butyl rubbers are subjected to high energy radiation, they form easy free radicals that initiate various chemical reactions. These reactions alter the molecular distribution of irradiated rubbers by crosslinking or scission affect their physical and mechanical properties. This work aims to the analysis of effect induced by γ-exposure on the crosslinking density in butyl rubbers by swelling measurements accomplished before and after irradiation at 25, 50, 100 and 200 kGy, with further evaluation of crosslinking density accomplished by Flory-Rehner equation; this is a proper procedure for the qualification of radiation resistance. It can be noticed that changes in material structure was due to build-up of new three-dimensional network in studied rubbers. Changes in crosslinking density of butyl rubber compounds emphasize that degradation mechanism is strongly influenced by gamma-radiation doses higher than 50 kGy, since chain scission process predominates over crosslinking reaction.

    Palavras-Chave: rubbers; isoprene; 2-methylpropene; cross-linking; radiation effects; gasers; gamma radiation; decay; vulcanization; elastomers

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  • IPEN-DOC 26692

    MACHADO, M. ; MORAES, L.P.R. ; RODRIGUES, L.N. ; TABANEZ, M. ; FERRAZOLI, M. ; FONSECA, F.C. . Evaluation of Fe-doped CGO electrolyte for application in IT-SOFCs. ECS Transactions, v. 91, n. 1, p. 1209-1216, 2019. DOI: 10.1149/09101.1209ecst

    Abstract: A challenge encountered with intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) is lowering the densification temperature of the doped ceria electrolyte and improving its ionic conductivity. Ceria doped with 10 mol% gadolinium oxide and 0, 1, 5 mol% iron oxide were synthesized by a low temperature precipitation route based on hexamethylenetetramine as the precipitating agent. The as-synthesized precursors are nanocrystalline powders with a homogeneous morphology. Co-doping with Fe3+ changes the sintering behaviour of the doped cerium oxide and favours densification at lower temperatures. Through a comprehensive elementary, structural, microstructural and electrochemical analysis of the co-doped cerium oxide, it was established the doping mechanism of Fe3+ and its effect on the bulk and grain boundary conductivities. The overall aim is to evaluate its suitability for application as an electrolyte in IT-SOFC applications.

    Palavras-Chave: doped materials; cerium; solid oxide fuel cells; cerium oxides; impedance; spectroscopy; gadolinium; stoichiometry; oxygen

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  • IPEN-DOC 26691

    MACHADO, M. ; MORAES, L.P.R. ; RODRIGUES, L.N. ; RODRIGUES, T.S. ; FONSECA, F.C. . Lowering the sintering temperature of a SOFC by morphology control of the electrolyte powder. ECS Transactions, v. 91, n. 1, p. 1193-1199, 2019. DOI: 10.1149/09101.1193ecst

    Abstract: Solid oxide fuel cells are fabricated by two-step sintering at low temperature by controlling the morphology of the gadolinium-doped cerium oxide (GDC) electrolyte powders. The GDC electrolyte was synthesized by a hydrothermal route to obtain highly reactive nanorods that can fully densify at temperatures around 1150 °C. The developed system consists of the GDC electrolyte support, lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF) cathode and Ni/GDC anode. The electrolyte support was prepared by uniaxial die pressing and sintered at 1150 °C, and fuel cells were obtained by co-sintering electrode layers at the same temperature. The performance of the cell was evaluated in hydrogen at intermediate temperatures (IT). The experimental results indicate that high-performance IT-SOFC can be obtained at low sintering temperatures by controlling the morphology of electrolyte powder.

    Palavras-Chave: sintering; solid oxide fuel cells; solid electrolytes; powders; morphology; hydrothermal synthesis; sintered materials; cerium oxides; doped materials

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  • IPEN-DOC 26690

    BRAGA, ELISABETE S.; AZEVEDO, JULIANA S.; KUNIYOSHI, LEONARDO; FAVARO, DEBORAH I.T. . Zn, Co, Cr, As, and genotoxic effects in the ichthyofauna species from polluted and non-polluted/protected estuaries of the São Paulo coast, Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, v. 91, n. 4, p. 1-18, 2019. DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920190066

    Abstract: The human impact on estuarine regions results in an increasing concentration of trace elements in the environment, exposing aquatic organisms. In this study, Zn, Co, Cr, and As were determined in the muscle tissue of some fish species from Santos-São Vicente (SSV), a recognized polluted region, and in the Cananeia estuary (CAN). Genotoxicity was also determined for the evaluation of the chronic effect on ichthyofauna, to enlarge the bank of environmental data regarding the effects of pollution, and to suggest other fish bioindicator species that may contribute to monitoring programs. The obtained data showed a similar profile of an accumulation of Co and Zn in Micropogonias furnieri and Chaetodipterus faber, where: Santos Bay > CAN > inner area of SSV. A low frequency of micronucleus was observed. However, in general, fish from the inner area of the SSV estuary presented more nuclear abnormalities than fish from Santos Bay and CAN. In the inner area of SSV, Centropomus paralelus and Diapterus rhomneus showed more changes than other fish species. It was possible to consider that the habits of each species, contributed to a different profile of trace element accumulation, followed by the chemical components in the organism offering different vulnerability.

    Palavras-Chave: trace amounts; elements; erythrocytes; environmental impacts; resource conservation; environmental protection; aquatic ecosystems; estuaries; animal tissues; fishes; zinc; carbon monoxide; chromium; arsenic; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 26689

    SAMPAIO, CAMILA S.; ARIAS, JESSICA F.; ATRIA, PABLO J.; CACERES, EDUARDO; DIAZ, CAROLINA P.; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. ; HIRATA, RONALDO. Volumetric polymerization shrinkage and its comparison to internal adaptation in bulk fill and conventional composites: A μCT and OCT in vitroanalysis. Dental Materials, v. 35, n. 11, p. 1568-1575, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.07.025

    Abstract: Objective. To quantify the volumetric polymerization shrinkage (VPS) of different conventional and bulk fill resin composites, through micro-computed tomography (μCT), and qualitative comparison of gap formation through optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods. Box-shaped class I cavities were prepared in 30 third-molars and divided into 5 groups (n = 6): G1- Filtek Z100 (Z100); G2- Tetric Evoceram Bulk Fill (TEC); G3- Tetric EvoFlow Bulk fill (TEF); G4- Filtek Bulk fill (FBU); and G5- Filtek Bulk fill Flowable (FBF). All groups were treated with Adper Single Bond Plus adhesive and light cured (Bluephase 20i). Each tooth was scanned three times using a μCT apparatus: after cavity preparation (empty scan); after cavity filling (uncured scan) and after light curing of the restorations (cured scan). The μCT images were imported into a three-dimensional rendering software, and volumetric polymerization shrinkage percentage was calculated (%) for each sample. In the same images, interfacial gaps in the pulpal floor were qualitatively evaluated. After μCT evaluation, the pulpal floor from each tooth was polished until a thin tooth structure was obtained and OCT images were obtained by scanning the pulpal portion. Gap formation was observed and qualitatively compared to the μCT images.

    Palavras-Chave: polymerization; shrinkage; volumetric analysis; computerized tomography; optical systems; optical modes; coherence length; resins; composite materials; biological recovery

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  • IPEN-DOC 26687

    BELLONI, MARCIO ; CONTI, THADEU das N. . The connection of solar generators to the electricity distribution network as a means of mitigating environmental impacts by dispensing the banks of accumulators. Energy and Power Engineering, v. 11, n. 12, p. 392-397, 2019. DOI: 10.4236/epe.2019.1112026

    Abstract: Solar generators are known worldwide as a means of generating clean electricity. However, the existence of battery banks causes alarm in the community by the existence of materials that degrade the environment by discarding them outside the norm. With the publication of Regulatory Standards 482/12 and 687/15, solar generators can be connected to the distribution grid, which serves as a means of accumulating the generated energy. The new changes were seen as an economic possibility, but there are more benefits. This has proved very important to make solar generation greener because it no longer needs large battery banks. This has also been shown to significantly lower the final value of the solar generator, bringing economic benefits. This paper aims to analyze the economic and environmental benefits of battery bank distribution in solar generation.

    Palavras-Chave: renewable energy sources; solar energy; electric generators; power generation; electricity; battery chargers; environmental impacts; renewable resources; economic impact; standardization

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  • IPEN-DOC 26686

    CREMA, E.; PAES, B.; ZAGATTO, V.A.B.; HUIZA, J.F.P.; LUBIAN, J.; SHORTO, J.M.B. ; SIMÕES, R.F.; MONTEIRO, D.S.; ADDED, N.; MORAIS, M.C.; GOMES, P.R.S.. Strong neutron-transfer coupling effects in the reaction mechanism of the 18O + 64Zn system at energies near the Coulomb barrier. Physical Review C, v. 100, n. 5, p. 054608-1 - 054608-11, 2019. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.100.054608

    Abstract: The precise quasielastic excitation function for the 18O + 64Zn system was measured at energies near and below the Coulomb barrier at θlab = 161◦, from which its correlated quasielastic barrier distribution was derived. The excitation functions for the two-neutron, α, and tritium transfer reactions have also been measured at the same conditions. These data were well described by the coupled channel and coupled reaction channel calculations. The comparison of the data with theoretical calculations shows the strong influence of three inelastic channels in the coupling process: the quadrupole and octupole vibrational states of 64Zn, 2+ 1 and 3− 1 , and the quadrupole vibrational state of 18O, 2+ 1 . In addition, theoretical calculations indicate that the two-neutron stripping is mostly due to a one-step process, which has a striking effect on the reaction mechanism of this system.

    Palavras-Chave: energy dependence; coulomb field; neutron transfer; zinc 64 target; oxygen 18; coupling; inelastic scattering; tritium; transfer reactions

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  • IPEN-DOC 26685

    MANTECON, J.G. ; NETO, M.M. . Simplified CFD model of coolant channels typical of a plate-type fuel element: an exhaustive verification of the simulations. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 7, n. 2B, p. 1-16, 2019. DOI: 10.15392/bjrs.v7i2B.621

    Abstract: The use of parallel plate-type fuel assemblies is common in nuclear research reactors. One of the main problems of this fuel element configuration is the hydraulic instability of the plates caused by the high flow velocities. The current work is focused on the hydrodynamic characterization of coolant channels typical of a flat-plate fuel element, using a numeri-cal model developed with the commercial code ANSYS CFX. Numerical results are compared to accurate analytical solutions, considering two turbulence models and three different fluid meshes. For this study, the results demonstrated that the most suitable turbulence model is the k- model. The discretization error is estimated using the Grid Conver-gence Index method. Despite its simplicity, this model generates precise flow predictions.

    Palavras-Chave: a codes; analytical solution; computerized simulation; coolants; finite difference method; fuel assemblies; fuel elements; hydrodynamics; instability; turbulent flow

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  • IPEN-DOC 26683

    OLIVEIRA, LEANDRO A. de; SILVA, REJANE M.P. da ; ANTUNES, RENATO A.. Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) study of the electrochemical behavior of anodized AZ31B magnesium alloy in simulated body fluid. Materials Research, v. 22, n. 5, p. 1-8, 2019. DOI: 10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2019-0079

    Abstract: In this work, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was employed to study the corrosion behavior of anodized AZ31B magnesium alloy exposed to simulated body fluid. SECM measurements were carried out in surface generation/tip collection mode. The hydrogen evolution flux caused during corrosion of the magnesium alloy was oxidized at the ultra-microelectrode (UME). Thus, this experimental procedure allowed evaluating the effect of the anodic protection in this alloy from the SECM analysis of Z- approximation curves, cyclic voltammograms and topographic maps. The results evidence differences in the local electrochemical response of magnesium alloy in the anodized and pristine conditions. The main sites of H2 evolution were verified in the magnesium alloy without anodizing at short exposure times.

    Palavras-Chave: magnesium alloys; electrochemistry; scanning electron microscopy; corrosion; anodization; microscopy; optical microscopy; scanning electron microscopy; body fluids

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  • IPEN-DOC 26682

    ISHIBAZAWA, AKIHIRO; PRETTO, LUCAS R. de ; ALIBHAI, A. YASIN; MOULT, ERIC M.; ARYA, MALVIKA; SOROUR, OSAMA; MEHTA, NIHAAL; BAUMAL, CAROLINE R.; WITKIN, ANDRE J.; YOSHIDA, AKITOSHI; DUKER, JAY S.; FUJIMOTO, JAMES G.; WAHEED, NADIA K.. Retinal nonperfusion relationship to arteries or veins observed on widefield optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic retinopathy. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, v. 60, n. 13, p. 4310-4318, 2019. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-26653

    Abstract: PURPOSE. To evaluate whether retinal capillary nonperfusion is found predominantly adjacent to arteries or veins in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS. Sixty-three eyes from 44 patients with proliferative DR (PDR) or non-PDR (NPDR) were included. Images (12 3 12-mm) foveal-centered optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) images were taken using the Zeiss Plex Elite 9000. In 37 eyes, widefield montages with five fixation points were also obtained. A semiautomatic algorithm that detects nonperfusion in full-retina OCT slabs was developed, and the percentages of capillary nonperfusion within the total image area were calculated. Retinal arteries and veins were manually traced. Based on the shortest distance, nonperfusion pixels were labeled as either arterial-side or venous-side. Arterial-adjacent and venous-adjacent nonperfusion and the A/V ratio (arterial-adjacent nonperfusion divided by venous-adjacent nonperfusion) were quantified. RESULTS. Twenty-two eyes with moderate NPDR, 16 eyes with severe NPDR, and 25 eyes with PDR were scanned. Total nonperfusion area in PDR (median: 8.93%) was greater than in moderate NPDR (3.49%, P < 0.01). Arterial-adjacent nonperfusion was greater than venousadjacent nonperfusion for all stages of DR (P < 0.001). The median A/V ratios were 1.93 in moderate NPDR, 1.84 in severe NPDR, and 1.78 in PDR. The A/V ratio was negatively correlated with the total nonperfusion area (r ¼ 0.600, P < 0.0001). The results from the widefield montages showed similar patterns. CONCLUSIONS. OCTA images with arteries and veins traced allowed us to estimate the nonperfusion distribution. In DR, smaller nonperfusion tends to be arterial-adjacent, while larger nonperfusion tends toward veins.

    Palavras-Chave: tomography; optical modes; optical equipment; diabetes mellitus; blood vessels; ischemia; retina; veins

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  • IPEN-DOC 26681

    GERALDO, BIANCA ; ARAUJO, LEANDRO G. de ; TADDEI, MARIA H.T.; FERREIRA, MARCELO T.; MADUAR, MARCELO F. ; VICENTE, ROBERTO ; MARUMO, JULIO T. . Radiochemical characterization of spent filter cartridges from the primary circuit of a research reactor. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, v. 322, n. 3, p. 1941-1951, 2019. DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06864-4

    Abstract: Radiochemical-based analyses have been used for the characterization of radioactive waste. Nevertheless, the determination of alpha, beta and gamma emitters by radiochemical analysis of spent cartridge filters from a swimming-pool type reactor has not been previously addressed. This work aims at identifying and quantifying the radionuclides present in this waste, including the difficult to measure radionuclides. The distribution of the radionuclides in the filter was investigated by the determination of gamma-emitting nuclides and the z-score of the measured activity concentrations. The results indicated that all the filters are homogeneous, meeting the homogeneity criteria recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency.

    Palavras-Chave: alpha decay radioisotopes; beta decay radioisotopes; filters; gamma decay; pool type reactors; radioactive waste management; radioactive wastes; radioactivity; radiochemical analysis; research reactors

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  • IPEN-DOC 26677

    CABRAL, EDUARDO L.L. ; SABUNDJIAN, GAIANE ; CONTI, THADEU das N. . Pixel-position-based lossless image compression algorithm. International Journal of Innovative Studies in Sciences and Engineering Technology, v. 5, n. 12, p. 21-30, 2019.

    Abstract: In this paper we present a novel lossless image compression method that is very simple and fast. The method uses linear prediction followed by arithmetic coding. Different prediction functions are used to estimate the intensity of image pixels. Two variants of the prediction algorithm are presented. One variant uses two different prediction functions and the other uses three different prediction functions. The position of the pixel in the image determines which prediction function is used. The method can be applied for images of any size and of high bit-depths. Standard images available in the literature are used to test the method. The compression ratios obtained with the proposed method are compared with the compression ratios obtained with the JPEG-LS and JPEG2000 methods and the results are satisfactory.

    Palavras-Chave: images; image processing; compression; algorithms; computer graphics; computer codes; image converters; standardization; tomography; x-ray equipment; ultrasonography; oil spills; biomedical radiography

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  • IPEN-DOC 26676

    SILVEIRA, SILVESTRE J.S. da; SPENCER, PATRICK J. . Perfil clínico e epidemiológico da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana no Hospital de Doenças Tropicais da Universidade Federal do Tocantins / Clinical and epidemiological profile of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis at the Tropical Diseases Hospital of the Federal University of Tocantins. Brazilian Journal of Development, v. 5, n. 11, p. 24780-24793, 2019. DOI: 10.34117/bjdv5n11-158

    Abstract: O objetivo principal deste artigo é caracterizar o Perfil Clínico e Epidemiológico da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana, no período de 2010 a 2016, do Hospital de Doenças Tropicais (HDT) da Universidade Federal do Tocantins no município de Araguaína-TO, área considerada endêmica para a referida doença. Como objetivos específicos, pretende-se contribuir para o conhecimento da doença nos aspectos de: a) mostrar a distribuição geográfica regional da LTA; b) caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico regional da LTA; c) retratar as formas clínicas e sua frequência na região; d) descrever os critérios diagnósticos utilizados no HDT; e d) descrever as terapêuticas empregadas para LTA no Serviço e discutir sobre os dados de acordo com a literatura atual, visto que a doença que faz parte da lista de doenças negligenciada, e as mesmas são as principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade em todo o mundo.

    Palavras-Chave: epidemiology; parasites; parasitic diseases; public health; infectious diseases; therapy; brazil

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A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

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